CN103860165A - Lead standard interface for collecting electrocardiogram signal and electrocardiograph monitoring device - Google Patents
Lead standard interface for collecting electrocardiogram signal and electrocardiograph monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103860165A CN103860165A CN201410076362.9A CN201410076362A CN103860165A CN 103860165 A CN103860165 A CN 103860165A CN 201410076362 A CN201410076362 A CN 201410076362A CN 103860165 A CN103860165 A CN 103860165A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lead standard interface which comprises a digital port and an analog port and is characterized in that the analog port respectively comprises 16 analog input ends and analog output ends, wherein the analog input ends are compatible with leads in the amount of one to eighteen; the analog input ends of the analog port are respectively connected with a plurality of electrodes of the leads through lead wires, so that overhead idle ports in the 16 analog input ends are automatically closed when an electrocardiogram analog signal is acquired, and the electrocardiogram analog signal is not acquired from the idle ports; the digital port comprises a plurality of digital input ends and digital output ends; the digital port is electrically connected with the lead wires of different quantity of leads and is used for acquiring digital signals in the lead wires. The invention also provides a lead wire matched with the lead standard interface, an electrocardiogram signal collecting switching module, an electrocardiograph monitoring device and an electrocardiograph monitoring system.
Description
technical field
The present invention relates to electrocardio-monitor, relate in particular to a kind of general interface that leads of the ecg signal acquiring for cardiac monitoring equipment, general conducting wire and corresponding ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module, cardiac monitoring equipment and and electrocardiogram monitor system.
Background technology
Along with the development of mobile communication technology and sensor technology, ambulatory medical device particularly portable crucial vital sign collection, analysis, transmission equipment has obtained paying close attention to widely.
Such as portable cardiac collecting device can provide to user the functions such as cardiac monitoring, analysis, early warning, portable cardiac collecting device mainly to comprise the parts such as electrocardiogram acquisition processing, radio communication, data storage, central authorities' processing under mobile environment.Wherein electrocardiogram acquisition processing module is carried out the processing such as Isolation, amplification, combination, A/D conversion (analog/digital conversion) to user's ECG simulator signal, thereby obtains user's electrocardiographicdigital digital signals.Wireless communication module is mainly used in the transmission of user's electrocardiogram (ECG) data, analysis and early warning result.Data memory module is for this locality storage of electrocardiogram (ECG) data.The work of modules in central processing module control appliance, thus the analysis that simultaneously also can carry out electrocardiogram (ECG) data provides the functions such as early warning.
User uses electrocardiogram acquisition equipment to carry out the collection of electrocardiosignal, need to wear conducting wire.Taking current portable cardiac collecting device as example, occur collecting the ECG collection device that 12 lead gathers from singly leading, to meet the multiple demand of user under different scenes.For example, connect for the cardiac monitoring equipment requirements user of severe disease monitoring 10 electrode wires just can meet medical diagnosis standard to the electrocardiosignal of health appointed part collection 12 lead.On the other hand, in daily life, user generally can adopt and singly lead or three equipment that lead are simply observed oneself health (for example palmic rate).For the equipment that has difference and lead, its lead signals input number is not identical yet, and the number that leads is more, and its lead signals input number is also more, and the electrocardiogram (ECG) data of its acquisition is more accurate, and just uses more trouble yet.The equipment for example singly leading, its lead signals input number is 2 or 3, for the equipment of 12 lead, lead signals input number is 10, and for 18 equipment that lead, lead signals input number is 16.But, in existing product and technical scheme, fix for the number of certain specific its lead signals input of electrocardio equipment.That is to say, existing electrocardio equipment cannot provide according to user's demand the lead signals input of different numbers, and same equipment possibly cannot meet user's selection to equipment precision and ease of use under different scenes.
In addition, existing equipment cannot carry out intelligence, comprehensively perception to user's environment of living in and oneself state thereof, though in the time occurring that conducting wire comes off or connects the problems such as fault also None-identified.
Summary of the invention
Based on the demand of above-mentioned reality, the present application the one general standard interface that leads, and the general conducting wire matching with this interface, adaptive configuration module, with solve in current cardiac monitoring equipment can not compatible different numbers the problem of leading, a kind of cardiac monitoring equipment and electrocardiogram monitor system of the number that can compatible difference leads have been proposed.
The standard interface that leads that the present invention proposes, comprises digital port and analog port, it is characterized in that:
Described analog port comprises respectively 16 analog input ends and analog output, and described analog input end can be compatible mutually with leading of each number singly leading in leading to 18;
When the described analog input end of described analog port is connected respectively to obtain ECG simulator signal with the multiple electrodes that lead by conducting wire, for unsettled idle port in described 16 analog input ends, automatically close, do not gather ECG simulator signal from described idle port;
Described digital port comprises multiple digital input ends and digital output end, and described digital port is electrically connected from the conducting wire of the different numbers that lead, for obtaining the digital signal of conducting wire.
The standard interface that leads as above, is characterized in that:
Described digital port is standard digital interface or self-defining Interface for digital communication.
The standard interface that leads as above, is characterized in that:
Described standard digital interface is any one interface in USB interface, SPI interface, serial line interface, parallel interface.
As above arbitrary described standard interface that leads, is characterized in that:
Contact in described analog port adopts area to be not less than the hard contact of 1mm2;
The matrix material that carries the described hard contact of described analog port adopts the insulant of low-k, to ensure the insulating properties between described hard contact.
As above arbitrary described standard interface that leads, is characterized in that:
Spacing between contact in described analog port is not less than 0.5mm, to reduce the impact of distribution capacity, thereby improve described analog input port common-mode signal suppress ability.
As above arbitrary described standard interface that leads, is characterized in that:
Between described analog port and digital port, adopt the insulant of low-k to isolate, isolation thickness is not less than 1mm, thereby the high voltage while preventing from carrying out defibrillation punctures the digital device of electrocardiogram monitor inside to burn.
As above arbitrary described standard interface that leads, is characterized in that:
Described analog port normal working voltage scope between+5V, for defibrillation high pressure, can tolerate instantaneous high voltage pulse at-5V, and described instantaneous high voltage pulse standard is the heat that produces 40J-400J in 4ms-10ms.
As above arbitrary described standard interface that leads, is characterized in that:
In the described standard interface that leads, be also provided with conducting wire and insert checkout gear.
The standard interface that leads as above, is characterized in that:
Described conducting wire inserts checkout gear and comprises any one in metal electric shock, optical transmission/reception device.
The invention allows for conducting wire a kind of and that as above arbitrary described standard interface that leads is used in conjunction with, one end of described conducting wire is provided with the standard interface that leads, the other end is provided with one or more electrodes of wearing, and is provided with mimic transmission line and digital transmission line in conducting wire;
The described standard interface that leads comprises analog output mouth and digital output port, matches with analog input port, digital input port in the arbitrary described standard interface of claim 1-7, has consistent electrical characteristic;
It is characterized in that:
Described conducting wire also comprises digit chip, and described digit chip is embedded in conducting wire, and is electrically connected with described digital output port by described digital transmission line;
The described electrode of wearing is electrically connected with described analog output mouth by described mimic transmission line;
In described digit chip, store the information that conducting wire attribute is relevant.
Conducting wire as above, is characterized in that:
The relevant information of described conducting wire attribute refers to and conducting wire manufacture, use, information that configuration is relevant, comprise manufacturer's information of described conducting wire, described conducting wire described in wear the one or more information in date of manufacture of the impedance of the material of electrode number, described conducting wire, described conducting wire, described conducting wire.
In the present invention, proposed a kind of ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module, described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module comprises as above arbitrary described lead standard interface and the monitoring module that leads, described in the monitoring module that leads comprise lead connection detection circuit and microcontroller chip;
It is characterized in that:
The described connection detection circuit of leading comprises lead insertion detection circuit and the testing circuit that comes off that leads;
Whether the described insertion detection circuit that leads for detection of there being conducting wire to insert in the standard interface that leads described in current device, and described conducting wire insertion information can be used as one of the monitor message of leading and offers use that cardiac monitoring equipment judges current conducting wire, wears state;
Described leading comes off testing circuit for detection of wearing electrode and user's contact skin situation, thereby judgement wears whether electrode is connected with user's skin or whether crosslinking electrode comes off;
Described microcontroller chip by digital signal line with described in the described digital port that leads in standard interface be connected, obtain the information that conducting wire attribute is relevant;
Described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module according to described in lead in monitoring module described in the relevant information of conducting wire attribute that signal that connection detection circuit detects and described microcontroller chip obtain of leading determine the current actual number that leads using.
Ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module as above, is characterized in that:
Whether conducting judges whether that the conducting wire of metal shell inserts to the hard contact of the described insertion detection circuit that leads by the standard interface inside of leading described in detecting.
Ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module as above, is characterized in that:
The described insertion detection circuit that leads transmits and receives certain optical signals and has judged whether that conducting wire inserts by detecting the light emitting diode of the described general interface inside of leading and photodiode.
Ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module as above, is characterized in that:
The described insertion detection circuit that leads has judged whether that by detecting the on off operating mode of physical switch of the described general interface inside of leading conducting wire inserts.
Ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module as above, is characterized in that:
Described physical switch comprises touch switch.
Ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module as above, is characterized in that:
The described testing circuit that comes off of leading is the AC system testing circuit that comes off that leads, or the single flow testing circuit that comes off that leads.
Ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module as above, is characterized in that:
The lead testing circuit that comes off of described AC system comprises pumping signal output module, difference amplifier, A/D converter, wave filter, detector;
Described pumping signal output module produce AC signal beyond a normal electrocardiosignal frequency band as detection signal to human body skin surface;
Described AC signal, through human body skin surface, by wearing electrode, enters and leads, to described in the testing circuit that comes off that leads;
Through difference amplifier, after A/D converter, wave filter, detect the amplitude of described AC signal by described detector, whether come off thereby wear electrode described in judgement.
Ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module as above, is characterized in that:
The lead testing circuit that comes off of described single flow comprises difference amplifier, and is separately positioned on pull-up resistor, the pull down resistor of described difference amplifier positive-negative input end;
By detecting the output signal of described difference amplifier, wear electrode described in judgement and whether come off.
Ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module as above, is characterized in that:
The lead testing circuit that comes off of described single flow comprises difference amplifier, and is separately positioned on the small DC current source of described difference amplifier positive-negative input end;
Whether described small DC current source produces a small electric current, by detecting the output signal of described difference amplifier, wear electrode described in judgement and come off.
Ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module based on above-mentioned, the invention allows for a kind of cardiac monitoring equipment, described cardiac monitoring equipment comprises as above arbitrary described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module, ECG front-end processing module, front-end configuration monitoring modular, user's configuration storage module and central processing module;
It is characterized in that:
Described ECG front-end processing module is obtained analog electrocardiogram signal from described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module, and described analog electrocardiogram signal is processed and changed, and generating digital electrocardiosignal, passes to described central processing module;
Described front-end configuration detection module detects current ECG front-end configuration information from ECG front-end processing module, and testing result is uploaded to central processing module;
Described central processing module directly obtains digital signal from described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module, and from described user's configuration storage module, read the configuration parameter of described user to described cardiac monitoring equipment, to being uploaded to the digital electrocardiosignal in described central processing module, described front-end configuration information is processed, is analyzed, thereby generate user situation information.
Cardiac monitoring equipment as above, is characterized in that:
Described cardiac monitoring equipment also comprises environment monitoring module;
Described environment monitoring module provides current ambient condition information to described central processing module.
Cardiac monitoring equipment as above, is characterized in that:
Described ambient condition information comprises one or more in position, light, temperature, humidity, air quality, air pressure, temperature, Magnetic Field.
As above arbitrary described cardiac monitoring equipment, is characterized in that:
Described ECG front-end processing module processes and changes the Isolation, amplification, combination, the A/D conversion that comprise analog electrocardiogram signal to described analog electrocardiogram signal.
As above arbitrary described cardiac monitoring equipment, is characterized in that:
Described central processing module is processed, is analyzed described front-end configuration information, comprises according to described digital electrocardiosignal state of an illness urgency level is carried out to Preliminary screening and judgement, and be divided into different grades.
Cardiac monitoring equipment as above, is characterized in that:
Described different grade comprises normally, slight abnormality, abnormal, severely subnormal.
As above arbitrary described cardiac monitoring equipment, is characterized in that:
Described front-end configuration information comprises the one or more parameter informations in the port number of described EGC front-end processing module support, each passage amplification, filter parameter, sample rate, quantified precision, reference voltage.
As above arbitrary described cardiac monitoring equipment, is characterized in that:
Described configuration parameter in described user's configuration storage module comprises one or more in conducting wire number, sample rate, position.
As above arbitrary described cardiac monitoring equipment, is characterized in that:
Described ECG front-end processing module comprises bandwidth-limited circuit, amplifier circuit, leads and select circuit, 16 A/D ALT-CH alternate channels;
Described digital electrocardiosignal is inputted and converted to described analog electrocardiogram signal by the analog electrocardiogram signaling interface of electrocardiogram acquisition interconnecting module;
Described central processing module obtains described digital electrocardiosignal by sPI interface, and directly from described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module, obtains described digital information by serial port circuit.
As above arbitrary described cardiac monitoring equipment, is characterized in that:
Described front-end configuration detection module is connected with described ECG front-end processing module by SPI interface;
Be connected with central processing module by serial line interface.
As above arbitrary described cardiac monitoring equipment, is characterized in that:
Described environment monitoring module comprises one or more in GPS locating module, acceleration transducer, humidity sensor, temperature sensor, baroceptor, photoelectric sensor, Magnetic Sensor, gas sensor, is connected with central processing module by serial line interface.
As above arbitrary described cardiac monitoring equipment, is characterized in that:
Described user's configuration storage module, for storing user's configuration of current device, adopts sD card as storage medium, is connected with described central processing module by SDI0 interface.
The invention allows for a kind of self adaptation electrocardiogram monitor system, described system comprises as above arbitrary described cardiac monitoring equipment, it is characterized in that:
Described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module provides the current configuration information that leads to described central processing module;
Described front-end configuration detection module provides current front-end configuration information to described central processing module;
Described ECG front-end processing module provides current digital ecg information to described central processing module;
Described environment measuring module provides current environmental information to described central processing module;
Described central processing module, based on the described configuration information that leads, described front-end configuration information, described digital ecg information, described environmental information, carries out adaptive configuration to user's configuration storage module and ECG front-end processing module.
Self adaptation electrocardiogram monitor system as above, is characterized in that:
Described adaptive configuration comprises following four steps:
One, obtain static information and multidate information, described static information comprises described conducting wire attribute and front-end configuration information; Connection status, user's configuration, environmental information, user situation lead described in described multidate information comprises;
Two, meet the adaptive configuration collection of current device ability and conducting wire acquisition capacity according to described static information structure, i.e. configuring matrix, described adaptive configuration matrix comprises all possible configuration vectors that can meet current static information;
Three, described multidate information is carried out to Treatment Analysis, be configured vectorial mapping according to the current connection status of leading, user's manual configuration, environmental information and user situation, and according to weight proportion, every configuration element in the configuration vector of equipment is carried out to threshold judgement, and generate current target configuration vector;
Four, in described adaptive configuration matrix, selection is vectorial with a configuration of target configuration vector difference minimum, is final adaptive configuration result.
Self adaptation electrocardiogram monitor system as above, is characterized in that:
Described difference minimum is to judge as criterion using Euclidean distance or Hamming distance.
As above arbitrary described self adaptation electrocardiogram monitor system, is characterized in that:
As the described configuration vector of final adaptive configuration result, according to described configuration vector, described cardiac monitoring equipment is carried out to adaptive configuration, and described configuration vector is stored in described user's configuration storage module.
According to cardiac monitoring equipment and system proposed by the invention, not only can carry out adaptive configuration to worn leading, can also be according to wherein set multiple environmental sensor, based on the residing environment of user, user's health is carried out to threat level assessment, thereby carry out fast the number and provide use and Operating Guideline and prompting of leading that adaptive configuration needs, and according to the danger classes warning measure such as carry out that emergence message is uploaded, help user or around medical personnel realize efficiently, site assessment fast, diagnosis and treatment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 standard interface schematic diagram that leads
Fig. 2 conducting wire coordinates schematic diagram with the standard interface that leads
Fig. 3 ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module block diagram
Fig. 4 AC system testing circuit that comes off that leads
The single flow of Fig. 5 based on the resistance testing circuit that comes off that leads
The single flow of Fig. 6 based on the current source testing circuit that comes off that leads
Fig. 7 cardiac monitoring equipment block diagram
Fig. 8 cardiac monitoring equipment interface block diagram
Specific implementation method
The standard interface that leads as shown in Figure 1, described in the standard interface that leads comprise digital port and analog port two parts.Described analog port comprises 16 input ports and 16 output ports, is connected respectively for transmitting ECG simulator signal with the multiple electrodes that lead, the analog input interface requirement of can compatible with single leading and the multiple conducting wire such as leading to 18.Described digital port has multiple digital IO ends, and for transmission of digital signals, described digital signal input end mouth includes but are not limited to universal digital interface and the self-defined Interface for digital communication such as USB, sPI, serial line interface.
The port contacts of the analog port part of the described standard interface that leads adopts area to be not less than the hard contact of 1mm2, and the base material of carrying analog port hard contact adopts the insulant of low-k, ensures the insulating properties between port.Spacing between analog port part contact is not less than 0.5mm, reduces the impact of distribution capacity, thereby improves the common-mode signal inhibition ability of input port.Between the analog port part of the described standard interface that leads and digital port part, adopt the insulant of low-k to isolate, isolation thickness is not less than 1mm, thereby the high voltage while preventing from carrying out defibrillation burns monitor internal digital device breakdown.The analog port part normal working voltage scope of the described standard interface that leads, between-5V-+5V, for defibrillation high pressure, can tolerate the high voltage pulse (energy 40J-400J) of instantaneous (4ms-10ms).
It should be noted that the analog output mouth that the conducting wire of Different electrodes quantity comprises varying number, but its hardware connects all and the interface compatibility of 16 analog output mouths unifying, untapped analog output mouth does not comprise electrical connection.For example seven conducting wires comprise 5 effective analog output mouths, and all the other untapped 11 analog output mouths are floating empty, do not comprise electrical connection with output port.For digital output port, the conducting wire that comprises Different electrodes quantity all can use unified digital port to carry out hardware connection.
Particularly, the standard interface that leads comprises 16 analog electrocardiogram signal input ports, and wherein analog input port upside and downside have respectively 8 contacts, and numeral input contact.Taking USB digital interface as example, it comprises four contacts, is respectively GND, VCC, D+, D-.The analog input end of the described standard interface that leads and digital input end are all connected with the monitoring module that leads.The standard interface that leads in addition also comprises two hard contacts, and in the time having conducting wire to insert, the conducting wire plug body of metal can be by two hard contact conductings, thereby the monitoring module that leads described in supplying leads, insertion detects.
As shown in Figure 2, with the conducting wire that the above-mentioned standard interface that leads mates, it has one end of interface to match with the standard interface that leads.Described conducting wire comprises digit chip, conducting wire, interface, wears electrode.
Described interface is arranged on conducting wire one end, comprises analog output mouth and digital output port, matches with analog input port, digital input port in above-mentioned standard interface, has consistent electrical characteristic and transmission characteristic.The other end is provided with one or more electrodes of wearing, and is provided with mimic transmission line and digital transmission line in conducting wire.
Described digit chip is embedded in conducting wire, wherein stores the information that conducting wire attribute is relevant, and is electrically connected with described digital output port by described digital transmission line.The described information relevant to conducting wire attribute refers to and conducting wire manufacture, use, information that configuration is relevant, for example lead manufacturer's information, conducting wire number of electrodes, conducting wire material, conducting wire electrode impedance, conducting wire date of manufacture etc., read for other equipment.
The described electrode of wearing is electrically connected with described analog output mouth by described mimic transmission line.
Ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module as shown in Figure 3, for connecting cardiac monitoring equipment and the conducting wire that comprises embedded digital chip, and automatically identify the conducting wire number of the current use of user and whether the state of conducting wire (comes off, whether break down etc.), generate conducting wire attribute simultaneously and lead monitor message, offering cardiac monitoring equipment.User can freely use as required leading of different numbers under different application scenarios, and needn't change cardiac monitoring equipment.
Ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module mainly comprises lead monitoring module and the general interface two parts that lead.
The described general interface section of leading, adopts the standard interface that leads to insert and be connected with the above-mentioned cardiac diagnosis lead-line that comprises embedded digital chip as equipment interface, can receive ECG simulator signal and the conducting wire digital signal of input.
The described standard interface module of leading has 16 analog input ports and digital input end.16 described analog input ends analog input interface requirement of the multiple conducting wire such as leading to 18 of can compatible with single leading; Described digital input end is for reading the possible configuration information with the conducting wire digital input signals of (comprising embedded digital chip).
Described digital signal input end mouth includes but are not limited to universal digital interface and the self-defined Interface for digital communication such as USB, SPI, serial line interface.Whether the standard interface module of leading in addition also comprises supports conducting wire to insert office or the device of detection, for example, by seam, hard contact being set, have conducting wire to insert thereby detect; Or at seam, light-emitting device and receiving system are set, for example adopt LED as illuminating source, adopt the photodetectors such as PD, CCD, CMOS as optical sensor, whether have conducting wire to insert for detecting.
The described monitoring module that leads comprises lead connection detection circuit and microcontroller chip two parts.
Described microcontroller chip is connected with the standard interface module of leading by digital signal line, obtains the information relevant to conducting wire attribute.
The described connection detection circuit of leading is connected with the standard interface module of leading by analog signal line, to detecting and process from the analogue signal of the standard interface input of leading, obtains the current monitor message of leading.The described monitor message of leading comprises the information relevant to the conducting wire of current insertion and electrode connection, comprises whether conducting wire inserts, conducting wire electrode and user's connection, and whether having leads comes off, and it is good etc. whether electrode contacts.
Microcontroller chip, by digital input port, obtains the relevant information of conducting wire attribute; The connection detection circuit of leading detects current service condition of leading, and this situation is sent to microcontroller chip, thereby obtain the conducting wire number of current use and the state of conducting wire, generate conducting wire attribute and lead monitor message, offer cardiac monitoring equipment.
The described connection detection circuit of leading mainly comprises conducting wire insertion detection circuit and the testing circuit two parts that come off that lead.
Described conducting wire insertion detection circuit refers to a kind of testing circuit that whether has conducting wire to insert for detection of equipment, can judge whether the standard interface that leads of current device has conducting wire to insert.Described conducting wire insertion information can be used as one of the monitor message of leading and offers use that cardiac monitoring equipment judges current conducting wire, wears state.Described conducting wire insertion detection circuit can adopt following three kinds of detection methods:
1) whether conducting judges whether that the conducting wire of metal shell inserts to the hard contact by the described standard interface inside of leading.
2) light emitting diode by the described standard interface inside of leading and photodiode transmit and receive certain optical signals and have judged whether that conducting wire inserts.
3) on off operating mode of the physical switch by the described standard interface inside of leading (as touch switch etc.) has judged whether that conducting wire inserts.
The described testing circuit that comes off of leading refers to a kind of testing circuit for detection of conducting wire electrode and user's contact skin situation, can detect crosslinking electrode and whether contact well with skin, also can judge whether crosslinking electrode is not connected with user's skin or whether crosslinking electrode comes off simultaneously.The described testing circuit that comes off of leading can adopt the existing dropping detection method that leads in medical field, mainly contains two kinds of AC system and single flow.
Circuit is as shown in Figure 4 a kind of AC system testing circuit that comes off that leads.AC signal beyond normal electrocardiosignal frequency band of AFE (analog front end) coupling is on AFE (analog front end) input channel.When other lead while being linked into human body, on the passage that respectively leads this sinusoidal signal as common-mode signal input to become amplitude very little.Come off or not when good contact, the sinusoidal signal of the judgement that comes off for leading in this input channel of leading can be detected after processing such as differential amplification, analog digital conversion, filtering, thereby judges the state that leads and come off and have to lead.
The lead testing circuit that comes off of described AC system comprises the parts such as pumping signal output module, differential amplification module, analog-to-digital conversion module, filtration module, detection module.The small pumping signal of single-frequency that described pumping signal output module produces beyond a normal electrocardiosignal frequency band exports human body skin surface to, when leading, other contact with human body when good, this small pumping signal belongs to common-mode signal part at two inputs of differential amplification module, therefore after differential amplification, this small pumping signal amplitude becomes very little, after analog digital conversion and filtration module, the simple signal amplitude that detection module detects does not exceed certain threshold value, thinks that current electrode does not exist and comes off.
In the time existing single electrode to come off, this small pumping signal, owing to not there is not common mode component, therefore becomes very large in amplitude after differential amplification, pass through again analog digital conversion, after filtration module, detection module judges that this signal exceedes certain threshold value, thinks that the current electrode that exists comes off; If when two electrodes all come off, detection module cannot detect simple signal, can think that two electrodes are the state of coming off.
Circuit is as shown in Figure 5,6 a kind of single flow testing circuit that comes off that leads.Difference is, Fig. 5 is a kind of single flow based on resistance testing circuit that comes off that leads, and at the positive-negative input end of AFE (analog front end), draws and pull down resistor on one in parallel respectively; And Fig. 6 to be a kind of single flow based on Weak current source lead testing circuit that comes off, it is at the positive-negative input end of AFE (analog front end), a current source respectively in parallel.
Lead and come off in testing circuit in described single flow, in the time that electrode contact is good, the differential amplification signal of two electrodes of difference amplifier output; And for example, in the time having electrode to come off (electrode 1), the input of difference amplifier is because electrode is floating empty, according to the input characteristics of difference amplifier, can be because the Weak current input of electric resistance partial pressure or current source generation causes difference amplifier saturated, thereby output saturation voltage, can be detected as the signal that comes off that leads.
Taking 12 lead as example, the monitoring module that leads by the hard contact conduction detection of leading in insertion detection circuit to having conducting wire to insert on standard interface leading.The described monitoring module microprocessor that leads reads by digital port, detects that this conducting wire is the 12 lead line of an embedded digital chip, comprises 10 electrode LA, RA, LL, RL, V1～V6, conducting wire impedance is 2.5M Europe, thereby generates conducting wire attribute information.If led, monitoring modular is by detecting the dropping situations of above-mentioned each electrode of 12 lead line, judging current 12 lead line is connected to number of electrodes on user health and is 4 and is respectively LA, RA, LL, RL, all the other 6 electrodes are not worn, thereby have determined that leading of current user wear the situation monitor message of leading.
As shown in Figure 7, the invention allows for a kind of cardiac monitoring equipment, utilize above-mentioned ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module, described cardiac monitoring equipment can configure automatically to leading.Under different application scenarios, leading of different numbers can be freely used as required, and cardiac monitoring equipment needn't be changed.
Described cardiac monitoring equipment comprises ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module, ECG front-end processing module, front-end configuration detection module, user's configuration storage module and central processing module.
What the microcontroller chip in electrocardiogram acquisition module was grown lead, and attribute is directly passed to central processing module with the monitor message of leading; And the analog electrocardiogram signal that electrocardiogram acquisition module collects passes to ECG front-end processing module.Wherein, ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module is connected with described central processing module by serial line interface, be connected with ECG front-end processing module by analog interface, thus the transmission of settling signal.
ECG front-end processing module comprises bandwidth-limited circuit, amplifier circuit, leads and select circuit, 16 A/D ALT-CH alternate channels, is responsible for processing and the conversion of analog electrocardiogram signal.The processing of described analog electrocardiogram signal and convert packets contain but do not change only for Isolation, amplification, combination, the A/D of analog electrocardiogram signal, and are connected with central processing module by sPI interface, and digital electrocardiosignal is passed to central processing module.
Front-end configuration detection module is connected with ECG front-end processing module by sPI interface, is connected with central processing module by serial line interface.According to the instruction of central processing module, from ECG front-end processing module, read the information such as the port number that current ECG front-end configuration information comprises that ECG front-end processing module supports, each passage amplification, filter parameter, sample rate, quantified precision, reference voltage, and above-mentioned information is passed to central processing module through serial line interface.
Described user's configuration storage module is used for depositing the predefined configuration information of user, described configuration information comprises but the information such as conducting wire number that user can use, sample rate, position that are not limited only to adopt SD card as storage medium, is connected with central processing module by SDIO interface.
In addition, for integrated environment factor judges the situation that user is current, in cardiac monitoring equipment, be also provided with environment monitoring module, be connected with central processing module by serial line interface.Environment monitoring module comprises one or more in GPS locating module, acceleration transducer, humidity sensor, temperature sensor, baroceptor, photoelectric sensor, Magnetic Sensor, gas sensor, thereby the one or more ambient condition information that comprise in position, light, temperature, humidity, air quality, air pressure, temperature, Magnetic Field are provided to central processing module.
Central processing module, according to the information that receives, carries out Preliminary screening and judgement to the present situation of user, can be divided into different grades, for example normal, slight abnormality, abnormal, severely subnormal etc.Electrocardiogram monitor system to current cardiac monitoring equipment and the residing place of user, environment, equipment wears and the urgency level of service condition, user situation etc. is carried out comprehensive judgement, and then adaptive decision cardiac monitoring equipment at present should in mode of operation and state, and thus user's configuration storage module and ECG front-end processing module are carried out to corresponding adaptive configuration.
Described adaptive configuration comprises following four steps:
One, obtain static information and multidate information, described static information comprises described conducting wire attribute and front-end configuration information; Connection status, user's configuration, environmental information, user situation lead described in described multidate information comprises;
Two, meet the adaptive configuration collection of current device ability and conducting wire acquisition capacity according to described static information structure, i.e. configuring matrix, described adaptive configuration matrix comprises all possible configuration vectors that can meet current static information;
Three, described multidate information is carried out to Treatment Analysis, be configured vectorial mapping according to the current connection status of leading, user's manual configuration, environmental information and user situation, and according to weight proportion, every configuration element in the configuration vector of equipment is carried out to threshold judgement, and generate current target configuration vector;
Four, in described adaptive configuration matrix, selection is vectorial with a configuration of target configuration vector difference minimum, is final adaptive configuration result.Wherein, described difference minimum is to judge as criterion using Euclidean distance or Hamming distance.As the described configuration vector of final adaptive configuration result, according to described configuration vector, described cardiac monitoring equipment is carried out to adaptive configuration, and described configuration vector is stored in described user's configuration storage module.
To adopt the 12 lead of embedded digital chip as example, the work process of cardiac monitoring equipment is described below.
First the electrocardiogram acquisition interconnecting module of electrocardiogram monitor detects the 12 lead line that has connected an above-mentioned embedded digital chip on current device, and user has only been worn 4 electrodes of this conducting wire, be respectively LA, RA, LL, RL, generates lead monitor message and conducting wire attribute information, and is sent to central processing module by serial line interface.
Front-end configuration detection module reads 16 A/D ALT-CH alternate channels that current ECG front-end processing module comprises and has opened 4 passages, is respectively LA, RA, and LL, RL passage, gain is 1 times, and sample rate is 250Hz, and the highest sampling precision is 12bit.Receiving the reading after front-end configuration order of central processing module, front-end configuration detection module reads the configuration information of ECG front-end processing module by sPI interface, and by serial line interface, configuration information is back to central processing module.
The locating information that the GPS locating module of described environment monitoring module obtains is for active user is near predefined subscriber household coordinate, and the acceleration information that acceleration transducer obtains is for active user is in the state of sitting quietly.Environment monitoring module is sent to central processing module by serial line interface by current environment monitoring information.
The electrocardiogram (ECG) data of described central processing module analysis user finds that active user's heart rate is 120, exceeded 110 beats/min of the heart rate alarm thresholds set, and current device is in common monitoring pattern.Active user's situation is divided into severely subnormal by described central processing module.
The situation of the severely subnormal based on above-mentioned, electrocardiogram monitor system judges that the configuration of current cardiac monitoring equipment is not enough to process this situation, need to reconfigure cardiac monitoring equipment based on the present situation.
Configuration is carried out in accordance with the following steps:
One, static information structure configuring matrix
The central processing module of described electrocardiogram monitor, by the interface reading information of above-mentioned each module, first generates configuring matrix according to described static information.The element that described monitor can be configured is: the quantity of leading, sample rate and sampling precision.Wherein every possible value of configuration element is distinguished as follows:
1) sample rate can span be 250Hz, 500Hz;
2) sampling precision can span be 12bit, 16bit;
3) quantity of leading can span be 1,3,7,12.
Described configuring matrix is according to above-mentioned Information generation, matrix size is 16 × 3, wherein comprise all configuration vectors that above configuration element combines, the value of the configuration element in each row vector represents the subscript of the value in corresponding element span, the quantity of for example leading is 3, first element in row vector is 2, and the quantity of leading is 12, and corresponding element value is 4.Described configuring matrix is as follows:
Configure for convenience vectorial generation and coupling, this matrix can be carried out to binary map, the each element value in matrix is only 0 or 1.The element of magnitude that for example leads carries out after binary map, because it has 4 possibility values, is therefore mapped as 4 binary elements, binary element is corresponding with former span, and in the time that the quantity of leading is 3, corresponding binary element is [0,1,0,0], in the time that the quantity of leading is 7, corresponding binary element is [0,0,1,0], by that analogy.
The matrix that binary system configuring matrix after mapping is 16 × 8, as follows:
Two, multidate information generates target configuration vector
The central processing module of cardiac monitoring equipment, according to multidate information, generates target configuration vector with reference to default weight matrix.
(1) user to wear the span of electrodeplate be [0,10], the corresponding number of wearing electrode respectively, active user has worn 4 electrodes, value is 4.
(2) span of user situation is [0,2], respectively corresponding normal, slight abnormality and severely subnormal, and current in slight abnormality state, value is 2.
(3) span of environmental monitoring is [0,2], in the corresponding family of difference, and open air, hospital.Active user is in family, and value is 0.
(4) therefore described multidate information vector is [00001000000001100].
(5) described multidate information vector carries out matrix multiplication operation with default weight matrix, obtains weighting target configuration vector, and result is: [0.30.40.30.40.20.40.120.25].
(6) according to weighting target configuration vector, the option of every configuration element is adjudicated, get weighted results maximum one, result is: [01010100], i.e. sample rate 500Hz, sampling precision 16bit, adopts 3 to lead and be configured to target configuration vector.
In addition, the line number of described weight matrix equals the value number sum (the option number of multidate information is 11+3+3=17) of all multidate informations, columns equals the columns (8) in binary system configuring matrix, and the element in each matrix represents that current multidate information corresponds to the shared weight of corresponding configuration.
The element sum of every string is 1, and each element is all greater than 0, and a kind of possible weight matrix is as follows:
Three, target configuration vector is searched for coupling in config set, determines final configuration vector
In config set, be configured search, select with the configuration vector of target configuration vector difference minimum as final configuration vector.The configuration vector that configuration concentrates on target configuration vector difference minimum is [01010100], and the quantity of leading is 3, and sample rate is 500Hz, and sampling precision is 16bit.
Central processing module carries out corresponding adaptive configuration according to final configuration vector to monitor, and points out user need to carry out corresponding points for attention (as wear and lead, need quiet lie etc.).Central processing module will finally configure vector and write access customer configuration storage module.It should be noted that: the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only above, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: still can modify or be equal to replacement the present invention, and do not depart from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the standard interface that leads, described in the standard interface that leads comprise digital port and analog port, it is characterized in that:
Described analog port comprises respectively 16 analog input ends and analog output, and described analog input end can be compatible mutually with leading of each number singly leading in leading to 18;
When the described analog input end of described analog port is connected respectively to obtain ECG simulator signal with the multiple electrodes that lead by conducting wire, for unsettled idle port in described 16 analog input ends, automatically close, do not gather ECG simulator signal from described idle port;
Described digital port comprises multiple digital input ends and digital output end, and described digital port is electrically connected from the conducting wire of the different numbers that lead, for obtaining the digital signal of conducting wire.
2. the standard interface that leads as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described digital port is standard digital interface or self-defining Interface for digital communication.
3. the standard interface that leads as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described standard digital interface is any one interface in UsB interface, sPI interface, serial line interface, parallel interface.
4. the conducting wire being used in conjunction with the arbitrary described standard interface that leads of claim 1-3, one end of described conducting wire is provided with the standard interface that leads, the other end is provided with one or more electrodes of wearing, and is provided with mimic transmission line and digital transmission line in conducting wire;
The described standard interface that leads comprises analog output mouth and digital output port, matches with analog input port, digital input port in the arbitrary described standard interface of claim 1-3, has consistent electrical characteristic;
It is characterized in that:
Described conducting wire also comprises digit chip, and described digit chip is embedded in conducting wire, and is electrically connected with described digital output port by described digital transmission line;
The described electrode of wearing is electrically connected with described analog output mouth by described mimic transmission line;
In described digit chip, store the information that conducting wire attribute is relevant.
5. conducting wire as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that:
The relevant information of described conducting wire attribute refers to and conducting wire manufacture, use, information that configuration is relevant, comprise manufacturer's information of described conducting wire, described conducting wire described in wear the one or more information in date of manufacture of the impedance of the material of electrode number, described conducting wire, described conducting wire, described conducting wire.
6. an ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module, described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module comprises lead standard interface and the monitoring module that leads as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-3, described in the monitoring module that leads comprise lead connection detection circuit and microcontroller chip;
It is characterized in that:
The described connection detection circuit of leading comprises lead insertion detection circuit and the testing circuit that comes off that leads;
Whether the described insertion detection circuit that leads for detection of there being conducting wire to insert in the standard interface that leads described in current device, and described conducting wire insertion information can be used as one of the monitor message of leading and offers use that cardiac monitoring equipment judges current conducting wire, wears state;
Described leading comes off testing circuit for detection of wearing electrode and user's contact skin situation, thereby judgement wears whether electrode is connected with user's skin or whether crosslinking electrode comes off;
Described microcontroller chip by digital signal line with described in the described digital port that leads in standard interface be connected, obtain the information that conducting wire attribute is relevant;
Described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module according to described in lead in monitoring module described in the relevant information of conducting wire attribute that signal that connection detection circuit detects and described microcontroller chip obtain of leading determine the current actual number that leads using.
7. a cardiac monitoring equipment, described cardiac monitoring equipment comprises ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module as claimed in claim 6, ECG front-end processing module, front-end configuration monitoring modular, user's configuration storage module and central processing module;
It is characterized in that:
Described ECG front-end processing module is obtained analog electrocardiogram signal from described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module, and described analog electrocardiogram signal is processed and changed, and generating digital electrocardiosignal, passes to described central processing module;
Described front-end configuration detection module detects current ECG front-end configuration information from ECG front-end processing module, and testing result is uploaded to central processing module;
Described front-end configuration information includes but are not limited to the one or more parameter informations in the port number of described EGC front-end processing module support, each passage amplification, filter parameter, sample rate, quantified precision, reference voltage.
Described central processing module directly obtains digital signal from described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module, and from described user's configuration storage module, read the configuration parameter of described user to described cardiac monitoring equipment, to being uploaded to the digital electrocardiosignal in described central processing module, described front-end configuration information is processed, is analyzed, thereby generate user situation information.
Described configuration parameter in described user's configuration storage module includes but are not limited to one or more in conducting wire number, sample rate, position.
8. cardiac monitoring equipment as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that:
Described cardiac monitoring equipment also comprises environment monitoring module;
Described environment monitoring module provides current ambient condition information to described central processing module.
Described ambient condition information includes but are not limited to one or more in position, light, temperature, humidity, air quality, air pressure, temperature, Magnetic Field.
9. a self adaptation electrocardiogram monitor system, described system comprises cardiac monitoring equipment as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that:
Described ecg signal acquiring interconnecting module provides the current configuration information that leads to described central processing module;
Described front-end configuration detection module provides current front-end configuration information to described central processing module;
Described EcG front-end processing module provides current digital ecg information to described central processing module;
Described environment measuring module provides current environmental information to described central processing module;
Described central processing module, based on the described configuration information that leads, described front-end configuration information, described digital ecg information, described environmental information, carries out adaptive configuration to user's configuration storage module and EcG front-end processing module.
10. self adaptation electrocardiogram monitor system as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that:
Described adaptive configuration comprises following four steps:
One, obtain static information and multidate information, described static information comprises described conducting wire attribute and front-end configuration information; Connection status, user's configuration, environmental information, user situation lead described in described multidate information comprises;
Two, meet the adaptive configuration collection of current device ability and conducting wire acquisition capacity according to described static information structure, i.e. configuring matrix, described adaptive configuration matrix comprises all possible configuration vectors that can meet current static information;
Three, described multidate information is carried out to Treatment Analysis, be configured vectorial mapping according to the current connection status of leading, user's manual configuration, environmental information and user situation, and according to weight proportion, every configuration element in the configuration vector of equipment is carried out to threshold judgement, and generate current target configuration vector;
Four, in described adaptive configuration matrix, selection is vectorial with a configuration of target configuration vector difference minimum, is final adaptive configuration result.
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