CN103856061B - The gamut soft-switching process of input series and output parallel phase-shifted full-bridge converter - Google Patents
The gamut soft-switching process of input series and output parallel phase-shifted full-bridge converter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种输入串联输出并联移相全桥变换器的全范围软开关方法,属于隔离型直流变换器技术领域。本发明方法通过在第一移相全桥变换模块的超前桥臂上管和下管的中点以及第二移相全桥变换模块滞后桥臂上管和下管的中点之间接入一个串联LC网络,在第一移相全桥变换模块滞后桥臂上管和下管的中点以及第二移相全桥变换模块的滞后桥臂上管和下管的中点之间接入另一个串联LC网络,实现各个MOSFET的零电压开通;能自动适应不同的输入电压、输出电压和负载。根据本发明能实现移相全桥变换器的全范围软开关,提高整个变换器的效率;适用于高压输入到低压输出的变换场合,且满足宽输入电压范围、宽输出电压范围、宽负载变化。
The invention relates to a full-range soft switching method for an input series output parallel phase-shifting full-bridge converter, and belongs to the technical field of isolated DC converters. The method of the present invention connects a series connection between the midpoint of the upper tube and the lower tube of the leading bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module and the midpoint of the upper tube and the lower tube of the lagging bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module. LC network, another series connection is connected between the midpoint of the upper tube and the lower tube of the lagging bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module and the midpoint of the lagging bridge arm upper tube and lower tube of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module The LC network realizes the zero-voltage turn-on of each MOSFET; it can automatically adapt to different input voltages, output voltages and loads. According to the present invention, the full-range soft switching of the phase-shifted full-bridge converter can be realized, and the efficiency of the whole converter can be improved; it is suitable for conversion occasions from high-voltage input to low-voltage output, and satisfies wide input voltage range, wide output voltage range, and wide load variation .
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种输入串联输出并联移相全桥变换器的全范围软开关方法,属于隔离型直流直流(DC-DC)变换器技术领域。The invention relates to a full-range soft switching method for an input series output parallel phase-shifting full-bridge converter, and belongs to the technical field of isolated DC-DC converters.
背景技术Background technique
高压输入低压输出在工业中广泛应用。为了克服器件选型的限制,解决高压输入低压输出的方案大致分为:(1)器件串联;(2)多电平技术;(3)变换器串联拓扑。器件串联技术由于拓扑简单,被ABB应用在高压直流输电中。为了实现各个器件电压的均分,仍然对控制系统的设计提出了很大的考验。多电平技术可以适应高压输入的场合,但是实际应用中仍以三点平和五电平应用为主。随着电平数的增加,控制策略的复杂性急剧增加,使其可靠性降低。由于前两种技术的复杂性,使得变换器输入串联技术得到人们的重视。变换器输入串联技术使得各个变换器承担一部分输入电压。2006年在IEEETransactiononIndustryApplication【工业应用期刊】发表了“Common-Duty-RatioControlofInput-SeriesConnectedModularDC-DCConvertersWithActiveInputVoltageandLoad-CurrentSharing”一文,采用公用占空比实现输入串联输出并联变换器的稳定运行。2009年在IEEETransactiononIndustrialElectronics【工业电子】发表了“ControlStrategyforInput-Series–Output-ParallelConverters”,采用了主动均压的控制策略实现输入串联输出并联移相全桥DC-DC变换器功率的均分。输入串连输出并联变换器的研究已经非常广泛,但大多局限于对控制策略的研究,很少对输入串联输出并联变换器的软开关技术进行研究。High voltage input and low voltage output are widely used in industry. In order to overcome the limitation of device selection, solutions for high-voltage input and low-voltage output can be roughly divided into: (1) device series connection; (2) multi-level technology; (3) converter series topology. Due to the simple topology, the device series technology is applied by ABB in HVDC transmission. In order to achieve equal sharing of the voltage of each device, it still poses a great challenge to the design of the control system. Multi-level technology can be adapted to high-voltage input occasions, but in practical applications, three-point leveling and five-level applications are still the main ones. With the increase of the number of levels, the complexity of the control strategy increases sharply, making it less reliable. Due to the complexity of the first two technologies, the converter input series technology has attracted people's attention. The converter input series technology makes each converter bear a part of the input voltage. In 2006, the article "Common-Duty-RatioControlofInput-SeriesConnectedModularDC-DCConvertersWithActiveInputVoltageandLoad-CurrentSharing" was published in IEEETransactiononIndustryApplication [Industrial Application Journal], using a common duty cycle to achieve stable operation of the input series output parallel converter. In 2009, "Control Strategy for Input-Series–Output-Parallel Converters" was published in IEEE Transaction on Industrial Electronics [Industrial Electronics], which adopted an active voltage equalization control strategy to achieve equal power sharing of input series output parallel phase-shifting full-bridge DC-DC converters. The research on the input series output parallel converter has been very extensive, but most of them are limited to the research on the control strategy, and the soft switching technology of the input series output parallel converter is seldom studied.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为解决在输入串联输出并联的移相全桥变换器中滞后桥臂在轻载时不易实现零电压开通(ZVS)的问题,提出了一种应用在高压场合下,输入串联输出并联的移相全桥变换器实现全范围软开软的通用方法。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the lagging bridge arm is not easy to realize zero-voltage turn-on (ZVS) at light load in the phase-shifted full-bridge converter with the input connected in series and the output connected in parallel. A general method for realizing full-range soft-on of phase-shifted full-bridge converters connected in parallel.
所述全范围是指移相全桥变换器的输入电压、输出电压和负载均能发生变化,并在变化范围内实现超前桥臂和滞后桥臂开关管的零电压开通(Zerovoltageswitching,ZVS)。The full range means that the input voltage, output voltage and load of the phase-shifted full-bridge converter can all be changed, and the zero voltage switching (ZVS) of the switching tubes of the leading arm and the lagging arm can be realized within the changing range.
输入串联输出并联移相全桥变换器的全范围软开关方法,具体包括如下步骤:The full-range soft switching method of the input series output parallel phase-shifted full-bridge converter specifically includes the following steps:
步骤一,在包括第一移相全桥变换模块和第二移相全桥变换模块的移相全桥变换器中,两个模块输入电压串联,输出电压并联。Step 1, in the phase-shifted full-bridge converter including the first phase-shifted full-bridge conversion module and the second phase-shifted full-bridge conversion module, the input voltages of the two modules are connected in series, and the output voltages of the two modules are connected in parallel.
第一移相全桥变换模块和第二移相全桥变换模块包括八支开关管,分别为第一移相全桥变换模块的滞后桥臂上管、下管,第一移相全桥变换模块的超前桥臂上管、下管,第二移相全桥变换模块的滞后桥臂上管、下管,第二移相全桥变换模块的超前桥臂上管、下管。The first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module and the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module include eight switching tubes, which are the upper and lower tubes of the lagging bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module, and the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion The upper and lower tubes of the leading bridge arm of the module, the upper and lower tubes of the lagging bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module, and the upper and lower tubes of the leading bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module.
找第一移相全桥变换模块的超前桥臂上管和下管连接的中点。Find the midpoint where the upper tube and the lower tube of the leading bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module are connected.
步骤二,找到第二移相全桥变换模块的滞后桥臂上管和下管连接的中点。第二移相全桥变换模块所包含的隔离变压器的变比与第一移相全桥变换模块的相同。Step 2, finding the midpoint where the upper tube and the lower tube of the lagging bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module are connected. The transformation ratio of the isolation transformer included in the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module is the same as that of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module.
步骤三,在步骤一得到的第一移相全桥变换模块的超前桥臂上管和下管的中点和步骤二得到的第二移相全桥变换模块滞后桥臂上管和下管的中点之间接入一个串联LC网络,所述串联LC网络由一个电感和一个电容串联而成,电感和电容的位置能互换。Step three, the midpoint of the upper tube and the lower tube of the leading bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module obtained in step one and the midpoint of the upper tube and lower tube of the lagging bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module obtained in step two A series LC network is connected between the midpoints, the series LC network is composed of an inductor and a capacitor connected in series, and the positions of the inductor and capacitor can be interchanged.
步骤四,找到第一移相全桥变换模块滞后桥臂上管和下管连接的中点。Step 4, find the midpoint of the connection between the upper tube and the lower tube of the lagging bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module.
步骤五,找到第二移相全桥变换模块超前桥臂上管和下管连接的中点。Step five, find the midpoint where the upper tube and the lower tube of the leading bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module are connected.
步骤六,在步骤四得到的第一移相全桥变换模块滞后桥臂上管和下管的中点和步骤五得到第二移相全桥变换模块的滞后桥臂上管和下管的中点之间接入另一个串联LC网络,此LC网络的电感的感值和电容的容值与步骤三中的LC网络的电感的感值和电容的容值相同。Step six, the midpoint of the upper tube and the lower tube of the lagging bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module obtained in step four and the middle point of the upper tube and lower tube of the lagging bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module obtained in step five Another series LC network is connected between the points, and the inductance and capacitance of the LC network are the same as the inductance and capacitance of the LC network in step 3.
加入两个串联LC网络后,第一移相全桥变换模块和第二移相全桥变换模块的八支开关管满足以下时序逻辑:After adding two series LC networks, the eight switching tubes of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module and the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module satisfy the following sequential logic:
第一移相全桥变换模块的超前桥臂上管和第二移相全桥变换模块超前桥臂下管的门级驱动信号相同;第一移相全桥变换模块的超前桥臂下管和第二移相全桥变换模块超前桥臂上管的门级驱动信号相同;上述两组驱动信号定义为超前桥臂驱动信号,分别为占空比为0.5的脉冲宽度调制(PWM)信号,且互补,两组驱动信号之间存在死区。The gate-level driving signals of the upper tube of the leading bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module and the lower tube of the leading bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module are the same; The gate-level driving signals of the upper tube of the leading bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module are the same; the above two groups of driving signals are defined as the driving signals of the leading bridge arm, which are pulse width modulation (PWM) signals with a duty cycle of 0.5, and Complementary, there is a dead zone between the two sets of driving signals.
第一移相全桥变换模块的滞后桥臂上管和第二移相全桥变换模块滞后桥臂的下管的门级驱动信号相同;第一移相全桥变换模块的滞后桥臂的下管和第二移相全桥变换模块滞后桥臂的上管的门级驱动信号相同;上述两组驱动信号定义为滞后桥臂驱动信号,也分别为占空比为0.5的PWM信号,且互补,两组驱动信号之间存在死区。The gate-level drive signals of the upper tube of the lagging bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module and the lower tube of the lagging bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge converting module are the same; The gate-level driving signals of the transistor and the upper transistor of the lagging bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module are the same; the above two groups of driving signals are defined as lagging bridge arm driving signals, which are also PWM signals with a duty cycle of 0.5, and are complementary , there is a dead zone between the two sets of driving signals.
步骤七,定义第一移相全桥变换模块超前桥臂上管驱动信号的上升沿到第一移相全桥变换模块滞后桥臂下管驱动信号的上升沿之间的时间为移相角的大小。通过调节移相角大小,控制移相全桥变换器的输出电压:Step 7, define the time between the rising edge of the drive signal of the upper tube of the leading bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module and the rising edge of the driving signal of the lower tube of the lagging bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module as the phase shift angle size. By adjusting the size of the phase-shift angle, the output voltage of the phase-shift full-bridge converter is controlled:
移相角的大小决定了两个串联LC网络两端电压的作用时间以及两个LC网络中电流幅值的大小。移相角增大,输出电压减小,并且串联LC网络中的电流幅值增大;反之,移相角减小,输出电压增大,串联LC网络中的电流幅值减小。The size of the phase shift angle determines the action time of the voltage at both ends of the two series LC networks and the magnitude of the current amplitude in the two LC networks. When the phase shift angle increases, the output voltage decreases, and the current amplitude in the series LC network increases; on the contrary, the phase shift angle decreases, the output voltage increases, and the current amplitude in the series LC network decreases.
当输出为恒定电压时,输入电压升高导致移相角增大,从而串联LC网络中的电流幅值增大,实现各个MOSFET的零电压开通(ZVS)。当输出电压恒定且负载减小时,移相角增大,此时LC网络中的电流幅值增大,实现MOSFET的零电压开通(ZVS)。移相全桥轻载时,也能实现ZVS。在输出电压变化且输出电阻恒定的情况,当输出电压大时,移相角减小,串联LC网络中的电流减小,此时变换器通过变压器漏感电流实现MOSFET的零电压开通(ZVS)。随着输出电压减小,输出功率也减小,移相角增大,串联LC网络的电流幅值增大,此时MOSFET的软开关通过LC网络中的电流来实现。When the output is a constant voltage, the increase of the input voltage leads to the increase of the phase shift angle, so that the current amplitude in the series LC network increases, and the zero voltage turn-on (ZVS) of each MOSFET is realized. When the output voltage is constant and the load decreases, the phase shift angle increases, and the current amplitude in the LC network increases at this time, realizing zero-voltage turn-on (ZVS) of the MOSFET. ZVS can also be achieved when the phase-shifted full-bridge is light-loaded. When the output voltage changes and the output resistance is constant, when the output voltage is large, the phase shift angle decreases, and the current in the series LC network decreases. At this time, the converter realizes the zero-voltage turn-on (ZVS) of the MOSFET through the leakage inductance current of the transformer. . As the output voltage decreases, the output power also decreases, the phase shift angle increases, and the current amplitude of the series LC network increases. At this time, the soft switching of the MOSFET is realized by the current in the LC network.
有益效果Beneficial effect
本发明方法可以自动适应不同的输入电压、输出电压和负载。根据本发明方法得到的移相全桥变换器能实现全范围软开关,从而可以提高整个变换器的效率。适用于高压输入到低压输出的变换场合,并且可以满足宽输入电压范围、宽输出电压范围、宽负载变化的情况。The method of the invention can automatically adapt to different input voltages, output voltages and loads. The phase-shifted full-bridge converter obtained by the method of the invention can realize full-range soft switching, thereby improving the efficiency of the whole converter. It is suitable for conversion occasions from high-voltage input to low-voltage output, and can meet the conditions of wide input voltage range, wide output voltage range, and wide load change.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为具体实施方式中加入两个LC网络的输入串联输出并联移相全桥变换器拓扑结构图;Fig. 1 is the topological structure diagram of the input serial output parallel phase-shifting full-bridge converter that adds two LC networks in the specific embodiment;
图2为具体实施方式中驱动信号、变压器输出电压和电流波形、LC网络两端电压和电流的典型波形,其中(a)在输出电压大或输入电压小,且负载功率大的情况下,移相角为小的电压和电流波形,(b)在输出电压小或输入电压大,且输出功率小的情况下,移相角为大的电压和电流波形。Fig. 2 is the typical waveform of drive signal, transformer output voltage and current waveform, voltage and current at both ends of the LC network in the specific embodiment, wherein (a) when the output voltage is large or the input voltage is small, and the load power is large, the shift The voltage and current waveforms with small phase angles, (b) When the output voltage is small or the input voltage is large, and the output power is small, the phase shift angles are large voltage and current waveforms.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
根据发明内容的方法流程,本具体实施方式提出一种输入串联输出并联移相全桥变换器,包括八个相同的MOSFET(金属氧化物半导体场效应管)Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8,两个相同的LC网络(Lr1和Cr1、Lr2和Cr2)、两个相同的输入电容Cd1和Cd2、两个变压器Tr1和Tr2,两个输出滤波电感Lf1和Lf2、滤波电容Co和四个整流二极管D1、D2、D3、D4。According to the method flow of the content of the invention, this specific embodiment proposes an input series output parallel phase shift full-bridge converter, including eight identical MOSFETs (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors) Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4 , Q 5 , Q 6 , Q 7 , Q 8 , two identical LC networks (L r1 and C r1 , L r2 and C r2 ), two identical input capacitors C d1 and C d2 , two transformers T r1 and T r2 , two output filter inductors L f1 and L f2 , filter capacitor C o and four rectifier diodes D 1 , D 2 , D 3 , D 4 .
LC网络包括一个电感和一个电阻,串联而成。Q1-Q8为开关管。两个输入电容Cd1和Cd2起分压的作用。变压器副边为整流电路(为变压器带中点抽头的全波整流,或者为一个绕组的全桥整流)。The LC network consists of an inductor and a resistor connected in series. Q 1 -Q 8 are switching tubes. The two input capacitors C d1 and C d2 act as a voltage divider. The secondary side of the transformer is a rectification circuit (full-wave rectification with a mid-point tap for the transformer, or full-bridge rectification with one winding).
上述组成部分的连接关系为:两个输入电容Cd1和Cd2串联后与输入电压并联。每个电容承受的电压相当于输入电压的1/2。Cd1与第一移相全桥变换模块并联,Cd2与第二移相全桥变换模块并联。The connection relationship of the above components is: two input capacitors C d1 and C d2 are connected in parallel with the input voltage after they are connected in series. Each capacitor withstands a voltage equivalent to 1/2 of the input voltage. C d1 is connected in parallel with the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module, and C d2 is connected in parallel with the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module.
第一移相全桥变换模块的组成及连接关系为:MOSFETQ1的源极连接MOSFETQ2的漏极,MOSFETQ3的源极连接MOSFETQ4的漏极,Q1、Q2和Q3、Q4并联;输入电压Vin的正极分别连接MOSFETQ1的漏极和MOSFETQ3的漏极,MOSFETQ2的源极和MOSFETQ4的源极连接在Cd1的低电位一侧。Q1的源极和Q3的源极分别连接在变压器Tr1原边的两端。变压器Tr1的副边为两个绕组,两个绕组的上端为同名端;第一个绕组的同名端连接在二极管D1的阳极,异名端与第二个绕组的同名端连接,此连接点为变压器Tr1副边绕组的中点抽头。变压器Tr1的副边第二个绕组的异名端连接二极管D2的阳极。二极管D1和D2的阴极相连,并同时连接在电感Lf1的一端。The composition and connection relationship of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module is: the source of MOSFETQ 1 is connected to the drain of MOSFETQ 2 , the source of MOSFETQ 3 is connected to the drain of MOSFETQ 4 , Q 1 , Q 2 and Q 3 , Q 4 connected in parallel; the anode of the input voltage V in is respectively connected to the drain of MOSFETQ 1 and the drain of MOSFETQ 3 , and the source of MOSFETQ 2 and the source of MOSFETQ 4 are connected to the low potential side of C d1 . The source of Q1 and the source of Q3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the primary side of the transformer Tr1 . The secondary side of the transformer T r1 is two windings, the upper end of the two windings is the end of the same name; the end of the same name of the first winding is connected to the anode of the diode D1, the end of the opposite name is connected to the end of the second winding of the same name, this connection The point is the midpoint tap of the secondary winding of the transformer T r1 . The opposite end of the secondary winding of the transformer T r1 is connected to the anode of the diode D 2 . The cathodes of the diodes D1 and D2 are connected, and at the same time connected to one end of the inductor L f1 .
第二移相全桥变换模块的组成及连接关系为:MOSFETQ5的源极连接MOSFETQ6的漏极,MOSFETQ7的源极连接MOSFETQ8的漏极,Q5、Q6和Q7、Q8并联;MOSFETQ5的漏极连接MOSFETQ7的漏极,并连接在Cd2的高电位一侧;MOSFETQ2的源极连接MOSFETQ4的源极,并连接在输入电压Vin的负极。Q5的源极和Q7的源极分别连接在变压器Tr2原边的两端。变压器Tr2的变比与变压器Tr1的变比相同。变压器Tr2的副边为两个绕组,两个绕组的上端为同名端,第一个绕组的同名端连接在二极管D3的阳极,其异名端为变压器Tr2副边绕组的中点抽头,并与第二个绕组的同名端连接。变压器Tr2的副边第二个绕组的异名端连接二极管D4的阳极。二极管D3和D4的阴极相连,并连接在电感Lf2的一端。The composition and connection relationship of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module is: the source of MOSFETQ 5 is connected to the drain of MOSFETQ 6 , the source of MOSFETQ 7 is connected to the drain of MOSFETQ 8 , Q5 , Q6 and Q7, Q8 connected in parallel; the drain of MOSFETQ 5 is connected to the drain of MOSFETQ 7 and connected to the high potential side of C d2 ; the source of MOSFETQ 2 is connected to the source of MOSFETQ 4 and connected to the negative pole of the input voltage V in . The source of Q5 and the source of Q7 are respectively connected to the two ends of the primary side of the transformer Tr2 . Transformer Tr2 has the same transformation ratio as transformer Tr1 . The secondary side of the transformer Tr2 is two windings, the upper ends of the two windings are terminals with the same name, the same-named terminal of the first winding is connected to the anode of the diode D3 , and the different-named terminal is the midpoint tap of the secondary winding of the transformer Tr2 , and connect to the terminal of the same name of the second winding. The opposite end of the secondary winding of the transformer Tr2 is connected to the anode of the diode D4 . The cathodes of diodes D3 and D4 are connected and connected to one end of inductor Lf2 .
Lf1和Lf2的另一端为输出电压的正极,分别连接滤波电容Co和负载电阻Ro。滤波电容Co和负载电阻Ro并联,Co和Ro的另一端分别连接变压器Tr1副边绕组的中点抽头和变压器Tr2副边绕组的中点抽头,为输出电压的负极。The other end of L f1 and L f2 is the positive pole of the output voltage, which is respectively connected to the filter capacitor C o and the load resistor R o . The filter capacitor C o and the load resistance R o are connected in parallel, and the other ends of C o and R o are respectively connected to the midpoint tap of the secondary winding of the transformer Tr1 and the midpoint tap of the secondary winding of the transformer Tr2 , which is the negative pole of the output voltage.
电容Cr2和电感Lr2组成一个串联LC网络,输入端连接MOSFETQ1的源极,输出端连接至MOSFETQ7的源极。The capacitor C r2 and the inductor L r2 form a series LC network, the input terminal is connected to the source of MOSFETQ 1 , and the output terminal is connected to the source of MOSFETQ 7 .
电容Cr1和电感Lr1组成了另一个串联LC网络,输入端连接MOSFETQ3的源极,输出端连接至MOSFETQ5的源极。The capacitor C r1 and the inductor L r1 form another series LC network, the input terminal is connected to the source of MOSFETQ 3 , and the output terminal is connected to the source of MOSFETQ 5 .
电容Cr1的电容值与电容Cr2的电容值相同;电感Lr1的电感值与电感Lr2的电感值相同。电感和电容的位置能互换。The capacitance value of the capacitor C r1 is the same as that of the capacitor C r2 ; the inductance value of the inductor L r1 is the same as that of the inductor L r2 . The positions of the inductors and capacitors can be interchanged.
本实施例中,加入两个LC网络的输入串联输出并联移相全桥变换器拓扑结构如图1所示,其中整流以全波整流为例说明(仍可以采用全桥整流)。Cd1和Cd2为输入分压电容,Q1-Q8为MOSFET;Cj1-Cj8为MOSFET的结电容;Tr1和Tr2为隔离变压器;D1-D4为整流二极管,Lf1和Lf2为输出滤波电感。Co为输出滤波电容;Ro为负载电阻。Lr1和Lr2为串联LC网络的电感,Cr1和Cr2为串联LC网络的电容。In this embodiment, the topological structure of the input series output parallel phase-shifted full-bridge converter with two LC networks is shown in Fig. 1, and the rectification is illustrated by taking full-wave rectification as an example (full-bridge rectification can still be used). C d1 and C d2 are input voltage dividing capacitors, Q 1 -Q 8 are MOSFETs; C j1 -C j8 are junction capacitances of MOSFETs; T r1 and T r2 are isolation transformers; D 1 -D 4 are rectifier diodes, L f1 and L f2 is the output filter inductance. C o is the output filter capacitor; R o is the load resistance. L r1 and L r2 are the inductances of the series LC network, and C r1 and C r2 are the capacitances of the series LC network.
图2所示为所述电路中的MOSFETQ1-Q8的驱动逻辑波形,变压器输出电压和电流、串联LC网络两端的电压和流过LC网络的电流波形。其中,图2(a)在输出电压大或输入电压小,且负载功率大时为大占空比的情况,图2(b)在输出电压小或输入电压大,且输出功率小时为小占空比的情况。Figure 2 shows the driving logic waveforms of MOSFETQ 1 -Q 8 in the circuit, the transformer output voltage and current, the voltage at both ends of the series LC network and the current waveform flowing through the LC network. Among them, Figure 2(a) is a case of high duty cycle when the output voltage is large or input voltage is small, and the load power is large, and Figure 2(b) is small duty cycle when the output voltage is small or input voltage is large, and the output power is small. empty ratio situation.
各个MOSFETQ1-Q8的驱动信号满足以下关系:The driving signals of the respective MOSFETs Q 1 -Q 8 satisfy the following relationship:
MOSFETQ1和MOSFETQ6的驱动信号相同;MOSFETQ2和MOSFETQ5的驱动信号相同;上述两组驱动信号分别为占空比为0.5的PWM信号,且互补。此组驱动信号定义为超前桥臂驱动信号。MOSFETQ1和MOSFETQ2组成第一移相全桥变换模块的超前桥臂;MOSFETQ5和MOSFETQ6组成了第二移相全桥变换模块的超前桥臂。The driving signals of MOSFETQ 1 and MOSFETQ 6 are the same; the driving signals of MOSFETQ 2 and MOSFETQ 5 are the same; the above two groups of driving signals are PWM signals with a duty ratio of 0.5 and are complementary. This group of driving signals is defined as leading bridge arm driving signals. MOSFETQ 1 and MOSFETQ 2 form the leading bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module; MOSFETQ 5 and MOSFETQ 6 form the leading bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module.
MOSFETQ3和MOSFETQ8的驱动信号相同;MOSFETQ4和MOSFETQ7的驱动信号相同;上述两组驱动信号也分别为占空比为0.5的PWM信号,且互补。此组驱动信号定义为滞后桥臂驱动信号。MOSFETQ3和MOSFETQ4组成了第一移相全桥变换模块的滞后桥臂;MOSFETQ7和MOSFETQ8组成了第二移相全桥变换模块的滞后桥臂。The driving signals of MOSFETQ 3 and MOSFETQ 8 are the same; the driving signals of MOSFETQ 4 and MOSFETQ 7 are the same; the above two groups of driving signals are also PWM signals with a duty ratio of 0.5 and are complementary. This group of driving signals is defined as the lagging bridge arm driving signals. MOSFETQ 3 and MOSFETQ 4 form the lagging bridge arm of the first phase-shifting full-bridge conversion module; MOSFETQ 7 and MOSFETQ 8 form the lagging bridge arm of the second phase-shifting full-bridge converting module.
图2中t0至t8为半个周期的工作模态。In Fig. 2, t 0 to t 8 are half-period working modes.
当区间[t1,t2],滞后桥臂Q3和Q8同时关断。此时,ip1和ir1同时与Cj3和Cj4谐振,ip2和ir2同时与Cj7和Cj8谐振。当t2时,Cj3和Cj8的电压被充电到Vin/2,Cj4和Cj7的电压被放电到0,此时Q4和Q7的体二极管导通。当t3时,Q4和Q7零电压开通(ZVS)。In the interval [t 1 , t 2 ], the lagging bridge arms Q 3 and Q 8 are turned off simultaneously. At this time, i p1 and i r1 resonate with C j3 and C j4 at the same time, and i p2 and i r2 resonate with C j7 and C j8 at the same time. At t2 , the voltages of C j3 and C j8 are charged to V in / 2 , and the voltages of C j4 and C j7 are discharged to 0, at this time the body diodes of Q4 and Q7 are turned on. When t 3 , Q 4 and Q 7 zero-voltage turn-on (ZVS).
在区间[t5,t6],超前桥臂开关Q1和Q6关断,ip1和ir2同时与Cj1和Cj2谐振,ip2和ir1同时与Cj5和Cj6谐振。当t6时,Cj1和Cj6的电压被充电到Vin/2,Cj2和Cj5的电压被放电到0,此时Q2和Q5的体二极管导通。当t7时,Q2和Q5零电压开通(ZVS)。另外半个周期开关管的模态与前半个周期相似。In the interval [t 5 , t 6 ], the leading bridge arm switches Q 1 and Q 6 are turned off, i p1 and i r2 resonate with C j1 and C j2 at the same time, and i p2 and i r1 resonate with C j5 and C j6 at the same time. At t6, the voltages of C j1 and C j6 are charged to V in /2, and the voltages of C j2 and C j5 are discharged to 0, at this time the body diodes of Q2 and Q5 are turned on. When t 7 , Q2 and Q5 zero-voltage turn-on (ZVS). The mode of the switching tube in the other half cycle is similar to that in the first half cycle.
如图2中所示,MOSFETQ1和MOSFETQ6驱动信号上升沿到MOSFETQ4和MOSFETQ7驱动信号上升沿之间的时间定义为移相角。通过超前桥臂驱动信号和滞后桥臂驱动信号的移相的大小控制变换器的输出电压;移相角的大小也决定了两个LC网络两端电压的作用时间,从而决定了两个LC网络中电流幅值的大小。As shown in Fig. 2, the time between the rising edge of MOSFETQ 1 and MOSFETQ 6 driving signal to the rising edge of MOSFETQ 4 and MOSFETQ 7 driving signal is defined as the phase shift angle. The output voltage of the converter is controlled by the phase shift of the leading bridge arm drive signal and the lagging bridge arm drive signal; the phase shift angle also determines the action time of the voltage at both ends of the two LC networks, thus determining the two LC networks. The size of the current amplitude.
移相角增大,输出电压减小;反之,移相角减小,输出电压增大。如图中2中可以看出随着移相角的增大,串联LC网络中的电流幅值增大。反之,移相角减小,串联LC网络中的电流幅值减小。当输出为恒定电压时,输入电压升高导致移相角增大,从而LC网络中的电流幅值增大,各个MOSFET的零电压开通(ZVS)更易实现。当输出电压恒定且负载减小时,移相角也会增大,此时串联LC网络中的电流幅值增大,也有利于MOSFET的零电压开通(ZVS)。移相全桥轻载时,不易实现软开关,所以此发明可以保证移相全桥轻载时也可以实现ZVS。在输出电压变化且输出电阻恒定的情况,当输出电压增大时,移相角减小,串联LC网络中的电流减小。但是此时变换器通过变压器漏感电流仍能实现MOSFET的零电压开通(ZVS)。随着输出电压减小,输出功率也减小,移相角增大,串联LC网络的电流幅值增大。此时MOSFET的软开关通过LC网络中的电流来实现。因此,本发明可以自动适应不同的输入电压、输出电压和负载。根据本发明方法得到的移相全桥变换器能实现全范围软开关。As the phase shift angle increases, the output voltage decreases; on the contrary, as the phase shift angle decreases, the output voltage increases. It can be seen from Figure 2 that as the phase shift angle increases, the current amplitude in the series LC network increases. On the contrary, the phase shift angle decreases, and the current amplitude in the series LC network decreases. When the output is a constant voltage, the increase of the input voltage leads to the increase of the phase shift angle, so that the current amplitude in the LC network increases, and the zero voltage turn-on (ZVS) of each MOSFET is easier to achieve. When the output voltage is constant and the load decreases, the phase shift angle will also increase. At this time, the current amplitude in the series LC network increases, which is also conducive to the zero voltage turn-on (ZVS) of the MOSFET. It is difficult to realize soft switching when the phase-shifting full bridge is light-loaded, so this invention can ensure that ZVS can also be realized when the phase-shifting full-bridge is light-loaded. When the output voltage changes and the output resistance is constant, when the output voltage increases, the phase shift angle decreases, and the current in the series LC network decreases. However, at this time, the converter can still realize the zero-voltage turn-on (ZVS) of the MOSFET through the leakage inductance current of the transformer. As the output voltage decreases, the output power also decreases, the phase shift angle increases, and the current amplitude of the series LC network increases. At this time, the soft switching of the MOSFET is realized by the current in the LC network. Therefore, the present invention can automatically adapt to different input voltages, output voltages and loads. The phase-shifted full-bridge converter obtained by the method of the invention can realize full-range soft switching.
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