CN103855440A - Control method of vehicle battery cooling system - Google Patents

Control method of vehicle battery cooling system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103855440A
CN103855440A CN201210497896.XA CN201210497896A CN103855440A CN 103855440 A CN103855440 A CN 103855440A CN 201210497896 A CN201210497896 A CN 201210497896A CN 103855440 A CN103855440 A CN 103855440A
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China
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battery
temperature
motor compressor
temperature threshold
refrigerating mode
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CN201210497896.XA
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CN103855440B (en
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王天英
牛凤仙
潘乐燕
宁秋宇
曾昌明
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to a control method of a vehicle battery cooling system. The battery cooling system includes a battery cooler, a cooling liquid pump, a first expansion valve and an electric compressor shared with an air conditioning system for cabin refrigeration. The method comprises the following steps: when battery temperature is greater than a first temperature threshold, the first cooling mode is adopted, wherein the first cooling mode includes starting of the cooling liquid pump to cool the battery through the cooling liquid at the current temperature; and when the battery is in the first cooling mode and the battery temperature is greater than a second temperature threshold, a second cooling mode is further adopted, wherein the second cooling mode includes the implementation of a first process of the electric compressor to provide a refrigerant for the battery cooler, in order to reduce the temperature of the cooling liquid, and the second temperature threshold is determined according to whether the battery is in a charging state.

Description

A kind of control method of Vehicular battery cooling system
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle engineering field, and relate more specifically to a kind of control method of Vehicular battery cooling system.
Background technology
Along with government is to energy-conservation and attention environmental protection, increasing car manufactures starts to put in the development and production of electric automobile, comprising hybrid vehicle and pure electric automobile.As some or all of power source, the quality of battery is determining the cost of electric automobile on the one hand, is determining on the other hand the continual mileage of electric automobile, and these two is also that universal key factor be accepted and be obtained rapidly to electric automobile whether can for consumers in general.
Current Vehicular dynamic battery in use can constantly heat up conventionally, has both brought potential potential safety hazard, but also can make shorten the useful life of battery.At present, car load production firm generally arranges that independently cooling circuit is helped battery cooling.Water-cooled battery cooling system is conventionally associated with air-conditioning refrigeration system, adopts the compressor of air-conditioning refrigeration system in car that the cooling fluid of for example water/ethylene glycol (50%/50%) is lowered the temperature, then carries out cooling to battery by cooling fluid.
But the general operating efficiency of current existing water-cooled battery cooling system is lower.Compressor used in air-conditioning refrigeration system due to electric automobile, also taking Vehicular battery as power source, therefore should ensure the demand that battery is cooling, yet needs to consider to save battery power, thereby increases the continuous mileage of speeding of electric automobile.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of control method of Vehicular battery cooling system, to reduce the cooling energy consumption of battery, improve the service efficiency of battery and increase thus the continuous mileage of speeding of the automobile taking battery as power source.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of control method of Vehicular battery cooling system, described battery cooling system comprises battery cooler, coolant pump, the first expansion valve and the motor compressor shared with the air-conditioning system that is used to passenger cabin refrigeration, described method comprises: in the time that battery temperature is greater than the first temperature threshold, adopt the first refrigerating mode, described the first refrigerating mode comprises that starting coolant pump lowers the temperature taking the cooling fluid by Current Temperatures as battery; At battery in the first refrigerating mode in the situation that, in the time that battery temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, further adopt the second refrigerating mode, described the second refrigerating mode comprises carrying out makes motor compressor provide cold-producing medium to reduce the first process of coolant temperature to battery cooler; Whether wherein said the second temperature threshold is determined in quick-charge state according to battery.
Preferably, at battery, in quick-charge state in the situation that, described the second temperature threshold is confirmed as the higher limit of battery optimum working temperature; And at battery not in quick-charge state in the situation that, described the second temperature threshold is confirmed as being greater than 1 ~ 3 DEG C of the higher limit of described battery optimum working temperature.
Preferably, described the second refrigerating mode also comprises carrying out makes motor compressor time-out provide the second process of cold-producing medium and described method also to comprise to battery cooler, at battery in the second refrigerating mode in the situation that, in the time that battery temperature is less than the 3rd temperature threshold, return to described the first refrigerating mode; In the time that battery temperature is greater than the 3rd temperature threshold, switch between described the first and second processes according to coolant temperature.
Preferably, be less than and under coolant temperature, carry out described the first process in limited time in coolant temperature; And be greater than and in coolant temperature, carry out described the second process in limited time in coolant temperature.
Whether in some embodiments of the invention, carry out described the first process comprises and opens the first expansion valve and determine and make motor compressor that the mode of cold-producing medium is provided to battery cooler for passenger cabin refrigeration according to air-conditioning system.
Preferably, in the situation that air-conditioning system is passenger cabin refrigeration, increase the rotating speed of motor compressor; And in the situation that air-conditioning system is not freezed for passenger cabin, start motor compressor.
In some embodiments of the invention, carry out described the second process and comprise according to air-conditioning system whether determining and make motor compressor suspend the mode that cold-producing medium is provided to battery cooler for passenger cabin refrigeration.
Preferably, in the situation that air-conditioning system is passenger cabin refrigeration, close the rotating speed of the first expansion valve and reduction motor compressor; And in the situation that air-conditioning system is not freezed for passenger cabin, close motor compressor and close the first expansion valve after waiting for a period of time.
Preferably, the described stand-by period is determined according to the shutdown speed of motor compressor.
In some embodiments of the invention, described method also comprises in the time that battery temperature is less than the 4th temperature threshold, closes coolant pump to exit the first refrigerating mode.
Preferably, described the 4th temperature threshold is 0 DEG C ~ 2 DEG C of the higher limit of battery optimum working temperature or the higher limits that is greater than described battery optimum working temperature.
In some embodiments of the invention, described the first temperature threshold values can be the median of battery optimum working temperature scope.
In some embodiments of the invention, described the first temperature threshold can be approximately+1 DEG C or-1 DEG C.
In some embodiments of the invention, described the 3rd temperature threshold is 1 DEG C ~ 3 DEG C of higher limits that are less than described battery optimum working temperature.
In some embodiments of the invention, under described coolant temperature, be limited to the lower limit that makes described motor compressor stop providing to described battery cooler cold-producing medium.
In some embodiments of the invention, in described coolant temperature, be limited to the higher limit that makes described motor compressor that cold-producing medium is provided to described battery cooler.
Method provided by the present invention can ensure that battery is in optimum temperature working range, ensure that temperature difference between cooling fluid and battery is in scope of design simultaneously, prevent not good and too low battery dewfall or the inside battery excessive temperature differentials of causing of cooling fluid of COOLANT TEMPERATURE battery cooling effect, adopt as much as possible the mode of the cooling cooling fluid of nature to carry out cool batteries, effectively reduce the operating time of motor compressor, reduce battery power consumption, increase the course continuation mileage of automobile.In ensureing rate of temperature fall, also effectively avoid the frequent start-stop of motor compressor, extend the useful life of compressor.
Brief description of the drawings
Below with reference to drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 shows the example Vehicular battery cooling system that is applicable to method provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the flow chart of Vehicular battery method for controlling cooling system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage are become apparent more, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.It should be noted that, the each structure in accompanying drawing is schematic instead of determinate, so that those of ordinary skill in the art understand principle of the present invention best, it is not necessarily drawn in proportion.
Fig. 1 shows the example Vehicular battery cooling system that is applicable to method provided by the present invention.As shown in Fig. 1 right side, the applicable electric automobile of the present invention battery cooling system can comprise substantially battery 08, coolant pump 09, cooling fluid pipeline 12, battery cooler 04, the first expansion valve 06 and motor compressor 01, wherein motor compressor 01 is equally also used to the air-conditioning system into automobile cabin refrigeration.The air-conditioning system that shows electric automobile in Fig. 1 left side, mainly comprises: motor compressor 01, condenser 02, evaporator 03, the second expansion valve 05, refrigeration pipe 07.In addition, for putting into practice method provided by the present invention, cooling-water temperature transmitter 10 and battery temperature sensor 11 temperature with Real-Time Monitoring cooling fluid and battery is set on can the appropriate position in battery cooling system.As can be seen from Fig. 1, cooling-water temperature transmitter 10 is arranged for the coolant temperature T that reads battery 08 porch cooling fluid.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that method provided by the present invention goes for any to similar shown in Fig. 1 batteries of electric automobile cooling system.In addition, in this system, related any part can adopt any existingly maybe method being developed or device are realized in this area.The selection of cooling fluid also can be determined according to actual needs, for example water, water/ethylene glycol mixture etc.
Figure 2 illustrates the flow chart of Vehicular battery method for controlling cooling system according to an embodiment of the invention.In practice, the control strategy of battery cooling system can be integrated in air-conditioner controller.Air-conditioner controller can with intrasystem various sensor communications, and according to collected battery temperature T battery, coolant temperature T cooling fluid, motor compressor signal, liquid cooled electronics pump signal, the first expansion valve switching signal, passenger compartment refrigeration demand signal etc. control the execution of method provided by the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2 left side, when battery temperature is greater than the first temperature threshold T 1shi Caiyong the first refrigerating mode, this first refrigerating mode can be lowered the temperature taking the cooling fluid by Current Temperatures as battery for being set as starting coolant pump.T 1can be selected as the median of the optimum working temperature scope of battery.In other embodiment, T 1can also be selected as particularly as required+1 DEG C or-1 DEG C.In conventional battery cooling procedure, start motor compressor simultaneously and provide cold-producing medium to make cooling fluid cooling to produce liquid circulation, also can give tacit consent to except starting coolant pump.Under the first refrigerating mode, only prevent battery temperature further to raise with existing coolant temperature level in cooling fluid pipeline.In this case, the temperature of battery is conventionally still in acceptable level, and not needing to start immediately motor compressor provides cold-producing medium to carry out the cooling procedure that intensity is larger.Because the cooling fluid in cooling fluid pipeline can keep the temperature levels lower with respect to battery conventionally, thereby be enough to help battery temperature to be controlled in scope of design in the situation that of the normal operation of automobile.Coolant pump and motor compressor are separated and control the operating time that can effectively reduce compressor, reduce battery power consumption.
In the situation that keeping the first refrigerating mode operation, when detecting that battery temperature reduces gradually, for example, lower than the 4th temperature threshold T 4time, can close coolant pump with the whole battery cooling system of temporarily stopping using, and ought again detect that battery temperature is greater than above-mentioned the first temperature threshold T 1time, start to reactivate battery cooling system from first mode.Preferably, T 4can be 0 DEG C ~ 2 DEG C of the higher limit of battery optimum working temperature or the higher limits that is greater than described battery optimum working temperature.
On the other hand, in the situation that keeping the first refrigerating mode operation, when detecting that battery temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold T 2time can start the second refrigerating mode, as shown in the right side in Fig. 2.According to method provided by the present invention, the second temperature threshold T 2whether determine in quick-charge state according to battery.Because battery fill soon with non-while filling soon caloric value have relatively big difference, so judge that by different standards whether battery needs to start motor compressor cooling is favourable.Preferably, at battery in quick-charge state in the situation that, T 2can be confirmed as the higher limit of battery optimum working temperature, and at battery not in quick-charge state in the situation that, T 2can be confirmed as being greater than 1 ~ 3 DEG C of the higher limit of battery optimum working temperature.
Enter the second refrigerating mode and show that battery temperature continues to raise, only by the circulation of cooling fluid self, to cooling fluid, cooling cannot not make battery temperature reduce.Thereby, in this second refrigerating mode, first start by motor compressor and provide cold-producing medium to reduce the first process of coolant temperature to battery cooler, and start the precondition of motor compressor, i.e. the startup of coolant pump completes in the first refrigerating mode.As shown in Figure 2, the first process can comprise the following operation of execution in order: 1) open the first expansion valve 06; 2) judge whether passenger cabin also needs refrigeration simultaneously.The open and close of two expansion valves and the rotational speed regulation of motor compressor come in control chart 1 in conjunction with the refrigeration demand of passenger cabin are preferred.
Particularly, in the first process, if passenger cabin has refrigeration demand, need the rotating speed that increases motor compressor to meet the refrigeration demand of air-conditioning system and battery cooling system simultaneously.If passenger cabin does not have refrigeration demand, only need to start motor compressor with the desired normal speed of battery cooling system.
Further, this second refrigerating mode is also included in the situation that meets certain condition and carries out and make motor compressor suspend the second process that cold-producing medium is provided to battery cooler.As shown in Fig. 2 right side, this second process comprises carries out following operation in order: 1) judge whether passenger cabin needs refrigeration; 2), in the situation that passenger cabin need to freeze, first close the first expansion valve 06, then reduce the rotating speed of motor compressor; In the situation that passenger cabin does not need refrigeration, first close motor compressor, after waiting for a period of time, close again the first expansion valve.In practice, waiting time t can determine according to the shutdown speed of motor compressor self, and for example t=(the current rotating speed/compressor shutdown of compressor speed)+0.5 can effectively prevent the impact that the effect of inertia of compressor causes system thus.For instance, if the current rotating speed of compressor is 6000 revolutions per seconds, shutting down speed is 2000 revolutions per seconds, closes motor compressor stand-by period t=(6000/2000)+0.5=3.5 second afterwards.
In practice, no matter be adopt the first refrigerating mode or adopt the second refrigerating mode, no matter be to carry out the first process or second process of execution under the second refrigerating mode, control system is all by the temperature of monitoring battery always.After completing the first process, battery cooling system will keep motor compressor refrigeration (not shown in Figure 2) within a period of time, if battery temperature is detected and is less than the 3rd temperature threshold T during this period 3time, battery cooling system will be controlled as and return to above-mentioned the first refrigerating mode.In practice, return to the first refrigerating mode and can comprise once above-mentioned the second process (not shown in Figure 2) of execution, first make motor compressor battery cooling system not worked (close or reduce rotating speed), and then keep only preventing that with the circulation of Current Temperatures battery temperature from rising by cooling fluid.Preferably, the 3rd temperature threshold T 3it can be the temperature value that is less than 1 DEG C ~ 3 DEG C of the higher limits of battery optimum working temperature.
On the other hand, under the second refrigerating mode, when battery temperature is all the time higher than the 3rd temperature threshold T 3time, the operation that preferably can switch battery cooling system between above-mentioned the first and second processes according to coolant temperature, also control operating time of motor compressor.For example, can be less than coolant temperature lower limit T in coolant temperature lshi Zhihang the first process; And be greater than coolant temperature upper limit T in coolant temperature hshi Zhihang the second process.In some embodiments of the invention, coolant temperature lower limit can be set to the lower limit that makes motor compressor stop providing to battery cooler cold-producing medium, and the coolant temperature upper limit can be set to the higher limit that makes motor compressor that cold-producing medium is provided to battery cooler.Thus, even under the second refrigerating mode, motor compressor can not keep running status for a long time yet, and on the contrary, the circulating cooling ability of cooling fluid self is fully used.
First the present invention has realized separately controlling coolant pump and motor compressor in the battery cooling system of electric automobile.On the other hand, the present invention has considered and the matching problem of automotive air-conditioning system in the battery cooling system control strategy of electric automobile.In the time that wherein a road need to open or close, for avoiding impacting for another road produces, the solution of the present invention provides the flexible manipulation to motor compressor rotating speed.Thus, the present invention can effectively reduce the operating time of motor compressor, reduces battery power consumption, increases the course continuation mileage of automobile.
More than enumerate some specific embodiments and illustrated in detail the present invention, these a few examples are only for explanation principle of the present invention and execution mode thereof, but not limitation of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make various distortion and improvement.Therefore all technical schemes that are equal to all should belong to category of the present invention also by every claim of the present invention is limited.

Claims (16)

1. a control method for Vehicular battery cooling system, described battery cooling system comprises battery cooler, coolant pump, the first expansion valve and the motor compressor shared with the air-conditioning system that is used to passenger cabin refrigeration, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
In the time that battery temperature is greater than the first temperature threshold, adopt the first refrigerating mode, described the first refrigerating mode comprises that starting coolant pump lowers the temperature taking the cooling fluid by Current Temperatures as battery;
At battery in the first refrigerating mode in the situation that, in the time that battery temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, further adopt the second refrigerating mode, described the second refrigerating mode comprises carrying out makes motor compressor provide cold-producing medium to reduce the first process of coolant temperature to battery cooler; Wherein
Whether described the second temperature threshold is determined in quick-charge state according to battery.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein at battery in quick-charge state in the situation that, described the second temperature threshold is confirmed as the higher limit of battery optimum working temperature; And
At battery not in quick-charge state in the situation that, described the second temperature threshold is confirmed as being greater than 1 ~ 3 DEG C of the higher limit of described battery optimum working temperature.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, wherein said the second refrigerating mode also comprises carrying out makes motor compressor time-out provide the second process of cold-producing medium and described method also to comprise to battery cooler,
In the second refrigerating mode in the situation that, in the time that battery temperature is less than the 3rd temperature threshold, return to described the first refrigerating mode at battery; In the time that battery temperature is greater than the 3rd temperature threshold, switch between described the first and second processes according to coolant temperature.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, is wherein less than and under coolant temperature, carries out described the first process in limited time in coolant temperature; And be greater than and in coolant temperature, carry out described the second process in limited time in coolant temperature.
5. whether method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, carry out described the first process and comprise and open the first expansion valve and determine and make motor compressor that the mode of cold-producing medium is provided to battery cooler for passenger cabin refrigeration according to air-conditioning system.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, wherein, in the situation that air-conditioning system is passenger cabin refrigeration, increases the rotating speed of motor compressor; And in the situation that air-conditioning system is not freezed for passenger cabin, start motor compressor.
7. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, carries out described the second process and comprises according to air-conditioning system whether determining and make motor compressor suspend the mode that cold-producing medium is provided to battery cooler for passenger cabin refrigeration.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, wherein, in the situation that air-conditioning system is passenger cabin refrigeration, closes the rotating speed of the first expansion valve and reduction motor compressor; And in the situation that air-conditioning system is not freezed for passenger cabin, close motor compressor and close the first expansion valve after waiting for a period of time.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, the wherein said stand-by period is determined according to the shutdown speed of motor compressor.
10. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described method also comprises in the time that battery temperature is less than the 4th temperature threshold, closes coolant pump to exit the first refrigerating mode.
11. methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, wherein said the 4th temperature threshold is 0 DEG C ~ 2 DEG C of the higher limit of battery optimum working temperature or the higher limits that is greater than described battery optimum working temperature.
12. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein said the first temperature threshold values is the median of battery optimum working temperature scope.
13. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein said the first temperature threshold is approximately+and 1 DEG C or-1 DEG C.
14. methods as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described the 3rd temperature threshold is 1 DEG C ~ 3 DEG C of higher limits that are less than described battery optimum working temperature.
15. methods as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, are limited to the lower limit that makes described motor compressor stop providing to described battery cooler cold-producing medium under described coolant temperature.
16. methods as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, are limited to the higher limit that makes described motor compressor that cold-producing medium is provided to described battery cooler in described coolant temperature.
CN201210497896.XA 2012-11-29 2012-11-29 A kind of control method of Vehicular battery cooling system Expired - Fee Related CN103855440B (en)

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