CN103854719B - A kind of rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103854719B CN103854719B CN201210505060.XA CN201210505060A CN103854719B CN 103854719 B CN103854719 B CN 103854719B CN 201210505060 A CN201210505060 A CN 201210505060A CN 103854719 B CN103854719 B CN 103854719B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry and preparation method thereof. This rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry comprises silver powder, inorganic bond phase and organic carrier, it is characterized in that: described silver powder is made up of the silver powder of three kinds of different D50 particle diameters; And described inorganic bond comprises the first inorganic bond phase and the second inorganic bond phase mutually, and wherein the first inorganic bond is by Bi2O350～73wt%, ZnO? 0.5～14wt%, and B2O326.5～36wt% composition; And the second inorganic bond is by the Al of 40～60wt%2O3The Bi of base P type composite powder and 60～40wt%2O3Composition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to area of solar cell, and relate more specifically to a kind of solar battery backFace electrode slurry and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry is the same with front electrode slurry, as solar cellThe output channel of electric current, must possess good adhesive strength and low contact resistance, reduces simultaneouslyIn slurry, the consumption of silver reduces production costs. At present, in patent both domestic and external, in silver powder sideFace, to select simple flake powder as main, when silver content too low, adhesive strength and opto-electronic conversionEfficiency can sharply decline; Inorganic bond phase aspect, still adds with simple glass powder,Photoelectric transformation efficiency is low, and the reason causing mainly contains following several aspect:
(1) silver powder shrinkage factor is large;
(2) dielectric strength of inorganic cementitious material is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency existing for above-mentioned prior art, a kind of technique letter is providedIndustrialized rear surface of solar cell electricity is stablized, is easy to realize to single and easy control, properties of productUtmost point slurry and preparation method thereof.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry, this solar energyCell backside electrode slurry comprises silver powder mixture, inorganic bond phase and organic carrier, its featureBe:
-described silver powder mixture is made up of three kinds of different silver powder, wherein said three kinds of silver powderD50 particle diameter difference;
-described inorganic binder comprises the first inorganic bond phase and the second inorganic bond phase, itsIn the first inorganic bond by Bi2O350～73wt%, ZnO0.5～14wt%, and B2O326.5～36wt% composition; And the second inorganic bond is by the Al of 40～60wt%2O3Base P type is multipleClose the Bi of powder and 60～40wt%2O3Powder constituent; The first inorganic bond phase and second inorganicBinder Phase is in mass ratio for the ratio of 6:1～3:1 obtains mixing inorganic bond phase;
In-described slurry, silver powder accounts for 45～75wt% of slurry gross weight; Inorganic bond accounts for slurry mutually2～12wt% of material gross weight; Organic carrier accounts for 23～48wt% of slurry gross weight; And
-described organic carrier is ethyl cellulose, rilanit special, alcohols and ether solventIn one or more.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described the first silver powder is through ball milling and heat treatmentThe flake silver powder that technique makes, the second silver powder is the spherical silver that adopts wet reducing technique to makePowder, and the 3rd silver powder is the class ball shape silver powder that adopts wet reducing technique to make.
In rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry of the present invention, in described silver powder mixture three kindsThe ratio of silver powder is: first silver powder 60～90wt%, and second silver powder 8～40wt%, and the 3rdSilver powder 2～30wt%, the gross weight meter based on described silver powder mixture.
In rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry of the present invention, the D50 of the first described silver powderParticle diameter is 5.0～9.0 μ m; The D50 particle diameter of the second described silver powder is 0.1～0.3 μ m; AndThe D50 particle diameter of the 3rd described silver powder is 0.5～0.6 μ m. . In addition, too of the present inventionIn sun energy cell backside electrode slurry, the particle diameter of described the first silver powder is distributed in 0.5～12.0 μ mScope in, the particle diameter of described the second silver powder is distributed in the scope of 0.04～0.9 μ m, andThe 3rd silver powder particle diameter is distributed in the scope of 0.2～1.2 μ m.
The Al using in rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry of the present invention2O3Base P type composite powderMake as follows: the Cu that the purity that is 30～90nm by D50 is greater than 99.99%2O powderWith D50 be the Al (OH) that 20～70nm purity is greater than 99.99%3Powder is according to mol ratio 1:l～1:2Ratio mix, put into ball mill ball milling 16～48h, fully mix, after oven dryFirst through 580～640 DEG C of pre-burning 2～4h, afterwards at 950～1250 DEG C of insulation 8～14h.
On the other hand, the invention provides one and prepare rear surface of solar cell electrode described aboveThe method of slurry, the method comprises the steps:
(1) provide the first silver powder, the second silver powder and the 3rd silver powder, and three is evenly mixedForm silver powder mixture, wherein said the first silver powder makes through ball milling and Technology for Heating ProcessingFlake silver powder and have the D50 particle diameter of 5.0～9.0 μ m, described the second silver powder is to adoptThe ball shape silver powder that wet reducing technique makes and there is the D50 particle diameter of 0.1～0.3 μ m,Described the 3rd silver powder is adopt the class ball shape silver powder that wet reducing technique makes and haveThe D50 particle diameter of 0.5～0.6 μ m, and three kinds of described different silver powder proportionings are: the first silver medalPowder 60～90wt%, second silver powder 8%～40wt%, the 3rd silver powder 2%～30wt%;
(2) take Bi2O3, ZnO and B2O3And by them with 50～73wt%Bi2O3，0.5～14wt％ZnO，26.5～36wt％B2O3Ratio mix, then in Muffle furnace inAt the temperature of 1100 DEG C～1250 DEG C, found 1 hour, shrend obtains the first inorganic bond phase;
(3) Cu that is 30～90nm by D502O powder and D50 are the Al (OH) of 20～70nm3Powder mixes according to the ratio of mol ratio 1:l～1:2, puts into ball mill ball milling 16～48hFully to mix, after drying first through 580～600 DEG C of pre-burning 2～4h, afterwards 950～1250 DEG C of insulation 8～14h obtain Al2O3Base P type composite powder; By described Al2O3Base P typeComposite powder and Bi2O3Powder is mixed to get second in the ratio of 40～60wt%:60～40wt%Inorganic bond phase;
(4) be 6:1～3:1 in mass ratio mutually by the first inorganic bond phase and the second inorganic bondRatio obtain mixing inorganic bond phase; With
(5) gained silver powder mixture, mixing inorganic bond phase and organic carrier are mixed and filledDisperse, thereby make rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry.
The collocation of different silver powder is used, and the overall shrinkage of silver powder reduces, and active raising, can makeSlurry, in the time of sintering, easily forms fine and close silver conductive layer, and the conductive channel between silver-colored particle increases,Resistivity decreased and electrical property is improved; The formation of fine and close silver conductive layer, while making to weldThe alloy-layer and the intermetallic compound that between electrode and welding, form one deck densification, can increase conductionPerformance and raising adhesive force.
After high temperature sintering, be present in inorganic bond phase between silver and silicon, play the work of bonding and conductionUse with the collocation of, two kinds of different inorganic bond phases, the adhesion strength of inorganic bond phase improve andOverall dielectric strength decreased, can intensifier electrode and the silicon chip of cell backside between adhesion strength andReduce the contact resistance between silver electrode and silicon chip, and then the adhesive force of raising electrode and batteryElectrical property.
The term " D50 particle diameter " using in this description is also referred to as meta particle diameter or median particle diameter,It is the cumulative particle sizes percentile of powder sample corresponding particle diameter while reaching 50%. In addition,Ball shape silver powder refers to by silver powder spherical or that spherical particle forms, and its particle diameter is conventionally by particleThe diameter of equivalent sphere is measured; And flake silver powder refers to by sheet-like particle or flat particle and formsSilver powder, its particle diameter is measured by the equivalent diameter of a circle of the largest contours of particle conventionally.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is illustrated.
Embodiment 1
Silver powder preparation: be to be 8.5 μ m's by the D50 making through ball milling and Technology for Heating ProcessingFlake silver powder is 0.3 μ m ball shape silver powder and D50 with the D50 that adopts wet reducing technique to makeBe that the class ball shape silver powder of 0.5 μ m is in the ratio mixed preparing that respectively accounts for 65wt%, 32wt% and 3wt%Form.
Inorganic bond is prepared mutually: mixed mutually by two kinds of inorganic bonds. By by Bi2O368wt％，ZnO2wt％，B2O330wt% is mixed to be incorporated in Muffle furnace 1200 DEG C and to found 1 hour,Shrend, ball milling 48 hours, 60 DEG C obtain the first inorganic bond phase after dry. By as followsMode prepares the second inorganic bond phase: the purity that is 80nm by D50 is greater than 99.99%Cu2O powder and D50 are the Al (OH) that 60nm purity is greater than 99.99%3Powder, according to mol ratio 1:The ratio of l is mixed, and puts into ball mill ball milling 42 hours, fully mixes, and driesRear elder generation, through 580 DEG C of pre-burnings 2 hours, makes Al for 12 hours 1150 DEG C of insulations afterwards2O3Base PType composite powder, the Bi that then this composite granule and purity is greater than to 99.99%2O3Powder and micronBe mixed to form the second inorganic bond phase in respectively accounting for 40wt% and 60wt% ratio. By the first withoutMachine Binder Phase and the second inorganic bond mutually in mass ratio for the ratio of 17:3 mix make inorganicBinder Phase.
The proportioning of organic carrier: ethyl cellulose 6%, BC 23%, glycerine 1.5%,Dibutyl phthalate 4.5%, terpinol 48%, polyvinyl butyral resin 1%, diethyl twoAlcohol monobutyl ether acetate 14%, rilanit special 1.5%, lecithin 0.5%.
The modulation of slurry: by the silver powder preparing and above-mentioned inorganic bond phase and organic carrier byThe ratio of 59wt%, 5wt% and 36wt% obtains rear surface of solar cell through high speed dispersion and rollingElectrode slurry.
Embodiment 2
Silver powder preparation: be to be 6.0 μ m sheets by the D50 making through ball milling and Technology for Heating ProcessingShape silver powder is that 0.1 μ m ball shape silver powder and D50 are with the D50 that adopts wet reducing technique to makeThe class ball shape silver powder of 0.6 μ m is in the ratio mixed preparing that respectively accounts for 66wt%, 33wt% and 1wt%Form.
Inorganic bond is prepared mutually: mixed mutually by two kinds of inorganic bonds. By by Bi2O372wt％，ZnO8wt％，B2O320wt% is mixed to be incorporated in Muffle furnace 1150 DEG C and to found 1 hour,Shrend, ball milling 72 hours, 60 DEG C obtain the first inorganic bond phase after dry. By as followsMode prepares the second inorganic bond phase: the purity that is 70nm by D50 is greater than 99.99%Cu2O powder and D50 are the Al (OH) that 50nm purity is greater than 99.99%3Powder, according to mol ratio 1:L.2 ratio is mixed, and puts into ball mill ball milling 48 hours, fully mixes, and driesAfter dry, first through 620 DEG C of pre-burnings 2 hours, within 14 hours, make Al 1200 DEG C of insulations afterwards2O3Base P type composite powder, the Bi that then this composite granule and purity is greater than to 99.99%2O3Micro-Ground rice is mixed to form the second inorganic bond phase in respectively accounting for 55wt% and 45wt% ratio. By firstPlanting inorganic bond phase mixes and makes for the ratio of 5:1 in mass ratio mutually with the second inorganic bondInorganic bond phase.
The proportioning of organic carrier: ethyl cellulose 6%, BC 30%, glycerine 6%,Dibutyl phthalate 2%, terpinol 35%, polyvinyl butyral resin 2%, diethylene glycolMonobutyl ether acetate 16%, rilanit special 2.5%, lecithin 0.5%.
The modulation of slurry: by the silver powder preparing and above-mentioned inorganic bond phase and organic carrier byThe ratio of 53wt%, 4wt% and 43wt% obtains rear surface of solar cell through high speed dispersion and rollingElectrode slurry.
Comparative example 1
Be with the difference of embodiment 1:
It is the sheet of 8.5 μ m that silver powder is only selected the D50 making through ball milling and Technology for Heating ProcessingSilver powder, other condition is identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Be with the difference of embodiment 2:
Inorganic bond is only selected mutually by by Bi2O372wt％，ZnO8wt％，B2O320wt％Mixed be incorporated in Muffle furnace 1150 DEG C and found 1 hour, shrend, ball milling 72 hours, 60 DEG C are dryAfter dry, obtain the first inorganic bond phase, other condition is identical with embodiment 2.
Slurry test:
The slurry preparing is stainless by 270 objects with WY-178 type precision net printing machineSteel wire is printed on the monocrystaline silicon solar cell back side, the printing back of the body after 280 DEG C of oven dry of the highest temperatureElectric field slurry and front electrode slurry, then burn through the setting highest temperature of 350 DEG C of oven dry and 940 DEG CKnot is made electrode, uses the test of DLSK-FXJ7 solar cell separator to prepare the electricity after electrodePond photoelectric transformation efficiency, the resistivity of RT-70/RG5 type four point probe tester test back electrode,By back electrode 62Sn/36Pb/2Ag type photovoltaic welding belt in 280 DEG C of welding, then use QJ211STesting machine test back electrode adhesive force, sample test the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1. sample test result
| Sequence number | Performance | Unit | Embodiment 1 | Comparative example 1 | Embodiment 2 | Comparative example 2 |
| 1 | Resistivity | Ω·m | 2.12×10-8 | 3.85×10-8 | 1.95×10-8 | 4.52×10-8 |
| 2 | Photoelectric transformation efficiency | ％ | 19.2 | 17.8 | 19.0 | 16.7 |
| 3 | Adhesive force | N | 5.6 | 3.5 | 5.7 | 2.8 |
Find by comparative example 1, the collocation of three kinds of different silver powder is used, and can make slurry at high temperatureWhen sintering is prepared electrode, easily form fine and close silver electrode, the conductive channel between silver-colored particle increases,Therefore, electrical property is improved significantly, and resistivity decreased and photoelectric transformation efficiency improve; SeparatelyOutward, the formation of fine and close silver electrode, can increase electric conductivity, can increase substantially and adhere to againPower.
Find by comparative example 2, use by the collocation of two kinds of different inorganic bond phases, makeWhen adhesion strength between electrode and the silicon chip of cell backside strengthens, electric conductivity also obtainsImprove, reduced the contact resistance between silver electrode and silicon chip, make adhesive force and electrical property brightAobvious raising.
Claims (7)
1. a rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry, this rear surface of solar cell electrode slurryComprise silver powder mixture, inorganic bond phase and organic carrier, it is characterized in that:
-described silver powder mixture is by the first silver powder, the second silver powder and three kinds of differences of the 3rd silver powderSilver powder composition, the D50 particle diameter difference of wherein said three kinds of silver powder;
-described inorganic bond comprises the first inorganic bond phase and the second inorganic bond phase mutually, itsIn the first inorganic bond by Bi2O350～73wt%, ZnO0.5～14wt%, and B2O326.5～36wt% composition; And the second inorganic bond is by the Al of 40～60wt%2O3Base P type is multipleClose the Bi of powder and 60～40wt%2O3Powder constituent; The first inorganic bond phase and second inorganicBinder Phase is in mass ratio for the ratio of 6:1～3:1 obtains mixing inorganic bond phase;
In-described slurry, silver powder accounts for 45～75wt% of slurry gross weight; Inorganic bond accounts for slurry mutually2～12wt% of material gross weight; Organic carrier accounts for 23～48wt% of slurry gross weight; And
-described organic carrier is ethyl cellulose, rilanit special, alcohols and ether solventIn one or more.
2. rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry according to claim 1, its feature existsThe flake silver powder making through ball milling and Technology for Heating Processing in, described the first silver powder, describedTwo silver powder are the ball shape silver powders that adopt wet reducing technique to make, and described the 3rd silver powder is to adoptThe class ball shape silver powder making by wet reducing technique.
3. rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry according to claim 1, its feature existsIn, in described silver powder mixture, the ratio of three kinds of silver powder is: first silver powder 60～90wt%, theTwo silver powder 8～32wt%, and the 3rd silver powder 2～30wt%, total based on described silver powder mixtureWeighing scale.
4. rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry according to claim 1 and 2, its spyLevy and be, the D50 particle diameter of described the first silver powder is 5.0～9.0 μ m; Described the second silver powderD50 particle diameter is 0.1～0.3 μ m; And the D50 particle diameter of described the 3rd silver powder is 0.5～0.6 μ m.
5. rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry according to claim 1 and 2, its spyLevy and be, the particle diameter of described the first silver powder is distributed in the scope of 0.5～12.0 μ m, described inThe particle diameter of the second silver powder is distributed in the scope of 0.04～0.9 μ m, and the 3rd silver powder particle diameter dividesCloth is in the scope of 0.2～1.2 μ m.
6. rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry according to claim 1, its feature existsIn, described Al2O3Base P type composite powder is made as follows: be 30～90nm by D50The purity Cu that is greater than 99.99%2O powder and D50 are that 20～70nm purity is greater than 99.99%Al(OH)3Powder mixes according to the ratio of mol ratio 1:l～1:2, puts into ball mill ball milling16～48h, fully mixes, first through 580～640 DEG C of pre-burning 2～4h, afterwards after dryingAt 950～1250 DEG C of insulation 8～14h.
7. a method of preparing rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry, the method comprises as followsStep:
(1) provide the first silver powder, the second silver powder and the 3rd silver powder, and three is evenly mixedForm silver powder mixture, wherein said the first silver powder makes through ball milling and Technology for Heating ProcessingFlake silver powder and have the D50 particle diameter of 5.0～9.0 μ m, described the second silver powder is to adoptThe ball shape silver powder that wet reducing technique makes and there is the D50 particle diameter of 0.1～0.3 μ m,Described the 3rd silver powder is adopt the class ball shape silver powder that wet reducing technique makes and haveThe D50 particle diameter of 0.5～0.6 μ m, and three kinds of described different silver powder proportionings are: the first silver medalPowder 60～90wt%, second silver powder 8%～32wt%, the 3rd silver powder 2%～30wt%;
(2) take Bi2O3, ZnO and B2O3And by them with 50～73wt%Bi2O3，0.5～14wt％ZnO，26.5～36wt％B2O3Ratio mix, then in Muffle furnace inAt the temperature of 1100 DEG C～1250 DEG C, found 1 hour, shrend obtains the first inorganic bond phase;
(3) Cu that is 30～90nm by D502O powder and D50 are the Al (OH) of 20～70nm3Powder mixes according to the ratio of mol ratio 1:l～1:2, puts into ball mill ball milling 16～48hFully to mix, after drying first through 580～600 DEG C of pre-burning 2～4h, afterwards 950～1250 DEG C of insulation 8～14h obtain Al2O3Base P type composite powder; By described Al2O3Base P typeComposite powder and Bi2O3Powder is mixed to get second in the ratio of 40～60wt%:60～40wt%Inorganic bond phase;
(4) be 6:1～3:1 in mass ratio mutually by the first inorganic bond phase and the second inorganic bondRatio obtain mixing inorganic bond phase; With
(5) gained silver powder mixture, mixing inorganic bond phase and organic carrier are mixed and filledDisperse, thereby make rear surface of solar cell electrode slurry.
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| CN105374412B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-06-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Back of the body passivation back silver paste of solar cell and preparation method thereof, solar cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN105810293B (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2017-07-25 | 浙江光达电子科技有限公司 | A kind of rear electrode for crystal silicon solar battery silver paste and preparation method thereof |
| CN109686471A (en) * | 2019-01-05 | 2019-04-26 | 江苏正能电子科技有限公司 | A kind of back passivated battery heat ageing back side silver paste |
| CN112867239A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-28 | 深圳市鑫诺诚科技有限公司 | Ultra-thick and low-resistance copper foil material |
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Address after: 753000 No. 119 metallurgical Road, Dawukou District, Shizuishan, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Patentee after: NORTHWEST RARE METAL MATERIALS RESEARCH INSTITUTE NINGXIA Co.,Ltd. Address before: 753000 No. 119 metallurgical Road, Dawukou District, Shizuishan, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Patentee before: NORTHWEST RARE METAL MATERIAL Research Institute |
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Effective date of registration: 20180713 Address after: 753000 No. 119 metallurgical Road, Dawukou District, Shizuishan, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Patentee after: Ningxia medium color new materials Co.,Ltd. Address before: 753000 No. 119 metallurgical Road, Dawukou District, Shizuishan, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Patentee before: NORTHWEST RARE METAL MATERIALS RESEARCH INSTITUTE NINGXIA Co.,Ltd. |