CN1038526C

CN1038526C - Rotative compressor

Info

Publication number: CN1038526C
Application number: CN95115604A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 小峰健冶; 池田亘; 永川卫; 篠泽和弘; 伊势川浩行
Original assignee: Toshiba Corp
Current assignee: Toshiba Corp
Priority date: 1994-08-24
Filing date: 1995-08-24
Publication date: 1998-05-27
Anticipated expiration: 2015-08-24
Also published as: KR960008061A; JPH0861274A; TW377764U; CN1118041A; KR0155456B1

Abstract

To be durable to operation for a long time and the increase of the change width of the number of operation revolutions of a compressor motor and to improve reliability by forming a blade by using a zirconia sintered substance, where aluminum is dispersed, and setting hardness thereof to a specified value, in a rotary compressor using an HFC refrigerant. In a rotary compressor using an HFC refrigerant, a roller 2 is contained in a cylinder 1 and a blade groove 3 is formed, and a blade 4 is contained in the blade groove 3. The blade 4 is slidable through two sides 4a and the roller 2 has an eccentric shaft and is eccentrically rotated. The blade 4 has a tip part 4b in a curved shape brought into slide contact with the outer peripheral surface of the roller 2 through energization by a spring. In which case, the blade 4 is formed of a zirconia sintered substance where aluminum is dispersed and hardness is set to HV1350-1550. Or, the blade 4 is formed of a zirconia sintered substance where aluminum is dispersed and the linear expansion coefficient thereof is set to 8.5-9.4 (1/ deg.C).

Description

Rotary compressor

The present invention relates to the rotary compressor that in freeze cycle, HFC (liquid fluorocarbon oil) refrigeration agent compressed, relate in particular to the slide member of the blade of forming compressing mechanism etc.

Rotary compressor generally is provided with the rotor of eccentric rotary in its cylinder body, be provided with blade groove simultaneously on cylinder body, is embedded with reciprocating blade in this blade groove.This blade pass overcompression spring makes its tip portion and rotor outer circumferential face elasticity butt and can be free to slide, and by blade cylinder interior is divided into two.

Therefore, its side of blade and blade groove sliding contact, and the outer circumferential face sliding contact of tip portion and rotor are so require blade that good wear resistance is arranged.

In this rotary compressor, for example disclose as described in 1985 No. 228794 communiques as Japanese patent of invention, blade always is that this class of steel after handling with the steel via nitride that mainly contains Rapid Tool Steel (the being equivalent to JISSKH-51) material of tungsten or contain chromium is made than high-abrasive material.

Yet in recent years, because the increase of the long-time running of air conditioner and refrigerator etc. and maximum, minimum output amplitude, it is too harsh that its operating condition becomes, between blade and rotor and the wearing and tearing between blade and cylinder body the tendency that increases appears, its result produces that rotary compressor is out of order, the problem of decreased performance etc.

Especially, when being used as the compressor of air conditioner and use in refrigerator, up to the present be used as the R12 of refrigeration agent and R22 etc. always and contain the refrigeration agent of chlorine because will damage the ozone layer probably, the use so will be under an embargo in the near future, but replace R32, the R125 of these refrigeration agents, the HFC refrigerant liquid fluorocarbon oil (Ha ィ De ロ Off Le ォロカ-ボ Application) of R134a, R143a etc., because of not chloride element, so, particularly in the slide member of ferrous material, can not form ferric chloride layer, cause that easily wearing and tearing and heating adhere to as the break-in layer.

Therefore, in order to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, the applicant has submitted to Japanese patent of invention to disclose the application for a patent for invention of 1994 No. 147169 communique record.In this application, Zirconium oxide powder, alumina powder and the stabilizer proportion of composing with optimum condition is mixed mutually, use the zirconia sintered body that is scattered with aluminium oxide that forms by this mixed-powder sintering to constitute blade, thereby hardness height and the good blade of wear resistance can be provided.

Yet,,, still have problems at the be full of cracks of blade, the aspects such as overheated and store oil performance of blade itself though this invention can provide the blade as the good slide member of wear resistance.

The objective of the invention is to, solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, even provide a kind of under the more severe cruel operating condition that becomes because of use HFC refrigeration agent, wear resistance is also outstanding, and the problem that does not have the be full of cracks of blade, the overheated and store oil performance of blade itself etc. can be born long-time running and, highly reliable compressor that also can bear to the increase of minimum running change in rotational speed amplitude to the maximum of compressor motor.

In order to achieve the above object, rotary compressor of the present invention, eccentric rotor free to rotate is housed in the cylinder body, and the blade that is inlaid in the blade groove of above-mentioned cylinder body with being provided with its tip portion and this rotor elasticity butt and free sliding, constitutes by the sintering body that comprises zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and surplus stabilizer, compressed refrigeration agent uses the HFC refrigeration agent in the cylinder body, it is characterized in that, make that described blade hardness is that Hv1350-1550, linear expansion coeffcient are 8.5-9.4 * 10 ^-6(1/ ℃) simultaneously, makes the proportional quantities that becomes monoclinic lattice (m phase) mutually from tetragonal (t phase) for less than 50%.

Aforesaid the present invention, the hardness of blade is Hv1350-1550 because make, so do not have gap, crackle during the blade cutting, grinding easily in accurately machined grinding.Because harder than the hardness Hv800-1300 of traditional nitrided iron that is used as blade material, so promptly use the HFC refrigeration agent to carry out the operational test of compressor, wear extent is also few, below 1 μ m again.Because linear expansion coeffcient is in 8.5-9.4 * 10 ^-6(1/ ℃), so the gap smaller between blade and blade groove, the leakage of refrigeration agent tails off, so the steady pressure jar of compressor.Because the phase variable that becomes monoclinic lattice (m phase) from tetragonal (t phase) is less than 50%, so blade can not produce be full of cracks.If making the proportion of this blade is 4.8-6.0, then the ratio escheat than iron is light, so can reduce starting torque, improves maximum speed, improves the running efficiency of compressor, owing to alleviated weight, vibration, noise also can reduce.In addition, if to make the diameter of this blade surface pore be 1-100 μ m, then the actual contact face of blade can be not too small, so the wearing and tearing that can make parts with matching and blade itself seldom.

And know that can also prevent deformable blade, the store oil of blade is also good.

Also have, because the present invention makes the heat-transfer coefficient of blade more than 0.010 (cal/cmsec ℃ of %), so can avoid blade itself overheated, even allow rotary compressor high-speed and continuous running under high capacity of using the HFC refrigeration agent, the blade deadlocked phenomenon of also can not generating heat.

By blade is carried out each equates to pressure each to static pressure pressure treatment such as fluid (HIP processings), the minimizing subsurface defect prevents be full of cracks.Have, grinding blade on the rectangular direction of glide direction of relative blade tip suppresses the leakage of refrigeration agent from the cylinder body pressing chamber to suction chamber again, can make the head pressure of the compressor under the low-speed running and suction pressure stable.Rotor that matches with this blade or cylinder body are as if being material with the alloy cast iron that contains Cr-Mo-Ni, and then the wearing and tearing of rotor, cylinder body can alleviate.Again, lubricant oil is artificial oil with the ester of 4 valencys, and the wear extent of blade, rotor, cylinder body can be few, is below the 1 μ m.

Following with reference to the description of drawings embodiments of the invention.In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1: the stereogram of rotary compressor compressing mechanism pith.

Fig. 2: the stereogram of blade.

Fig. 3: the stereogram that the blade of blade grinding direction is shown.

Fig. 4: the sectional view of rotary compressor.

Fig. 1 is a stereogram, show the pith of the compressing mechanism B in the rotary compressor as shown in Figure 4 with motor drive mechanism A and compressing mechanism B, Fig. 2 is the stereogram of blade, rotor 2 is housed in the cylinder body 1 among the figure and is provided with blade groove 3, and blade 4 is housed in the blade groove 3.In addition, blade 4 can be located in the blade groove by two side 4a with being free to slide.Above-mentioned rotor 2 is driven by not shown eccentric shaft and makes eccentric rotary, and blade 4 applies active force by not shown spring, the outer circumferential face sliding contact of its curved tip portion 4b and rotor 2.

Blade to consist of zirconium oxide and accounts for the sintering body that 50-98.5 weight %, aluminium oxide account for 1-49.5 weight %, remaining part stabilizer comprises 0.5-10 weight % in order to make, adopt in advance with the material powder behind zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and the stabilizer combination drying, be shaped by the compression and moulding of rubber pattern hydrostatic pressure, injection molding forming or casting forming, after its degreasing, under 1200-1700 ℃, carry out 1-3 hour sintering.

Then, as required, in atmosphere of inert gases, carry out each to the hot pressure treatment of static pressure such as fluid with 1300-1700 ℃, the condition of 10-100MPa.

As mentioned above in the present embodiment, because blade has been carried out each to static pressure pressure treatment such as fluid (HIP processing), pressurize from all directions, so subsurface defect is seldom, in contrast to this, when simply pressurizeing, can occur keeping out of the way, so be easy to generate subsurface defect.

Following with reference to table 1-table 6, to when hardness, linear expansion coeffcient, proportion, heat-transfer coefficient, hole diameter and the phase variable etc. of blade are got different characteristic values, and the rotor that is mated and cylinder body adopt and contain the alloy cast iron of Cr-Mo-Ni and the degree of the clearance amount of the noise 4000 hours time of having turned round continuously, processability, blade, store oil, overheated, the blade interior defective of wearing and tearing, be full of cracks, the blade of component, leakage etc. with it describes under high capacities.

In addition, the refrigeration agent of compressor compresses, consider the problem of the environmental disruption that fluorinated refrigerant causes, refrigeration agent itself adopts R134a as not chloride liquid fluorocarbon oil refrigeration agent (hereinafter referred to as the HFC refrigeration agent), and it is artificial oil that the lubricant oil (refrigerator oil) of supply compressing mechanism sliding parts then adopts the ester of 4 valencys.

Table 1

Vickers hardness	1250	1350	1450	1550	1650	1750
Vickers hardness	1250	1350	1450	1550	1650	1750	Processability	◎	◎	◎	○	△	×
The damage of component	◎	◎	◎	○	△	×	Processability	◎	◎	◎	○	△	×
The damage of component	◎	◎	◎	○	△	×	Blade wear	△	○	◎	◎	◎	◎

◎: practical application the best, good, zero: the practical application no problem

△: practical application have problem, *: can not practical application

Table 1 shows blade hardness when repeatedly changing corresponding processibility and the damage of component and the degree of wear of blade itself, about fine finishing is the processibility of grinding, Vickers hardness between Hv1250 to Hv1550 the time process time short, the energy high-precision processing, processability is good, but in a single day Vickers hardness surpasses Hv1650, and blade material is really up to the mark, process very time-consuming, poor in processability.In addition, the degree of wear of component, Vickers hardness are good to Hv1550, but one surpass Hv1650, and blade is just really up to the mark, and wear extent increases, and is impracticable.

On the other hand, the degree of wear of blade itself, when Vickers hardness when Hv1250 is following, blade hardness is not enough, wear extent is many, and Vickers hardness is when Hv1350 is above, wear extent can reduce.

Like this, if the wearing and tearing of processability, component, the wearing and tearing of blade itself are taken all factors into consideration, then the hardness of blade such as shown in the present is got Vickers hardness Hv1350-1550 and is advisable.

Table 2

Linear expansion coeffcient	7.5	8.0	8.5	9.0	9.4
Linear expansion coeffcient	7.5	8.0	8.5	9.0	9.4	Freezing medium leakage	△	△	○	◎	◎

△: practical application have problem, *: can not practical application

When the linear expansion coeffcient that table 2 shows blade repeatedly changed, the corresponding leakiness of refrigeration agent from the compression section that the gap of blade and blade groove produces was if linear expansion coeffcient is 8.0 * 10 ^-6Below, then above-mentioned leakage makes the discharge drops, the compression efficiency variation.

In contrast to this, making linear expansion coeffcient as described herein is 8.5 * 10 ^-6-9.4 * 10 ^-6When (1/ ℃), refrigeration agent is difficult for producing leakage, so head pressure can not descend, can make compression efficiency stable.

Especially, when linear expansion coeffcient be 9.4 * 10 ^-6When (1/ ℃) because very approaching with the linear expansion coeffcient of metallic material, so, even with the cylinder body or the rotor combination of cast iron or steel, also be difficult for taking place causing the such problem of compression loss because of line of material expansion coefficient difference causes that the gap increases.

Table 3

Heat-transfer coefficient	0.003	0.005	0.01	0.015
Heat-transfer coefficient	0.003	0.005	0.01	0.015	Blade is overheated	×	△	○	◎
Blade wear	×	△	○	◎	Blade is overheated	×	△	○	◎
Blade wear	×	△	○	◎	The deterioration of oil	△	○	◎	◎

△: practical application have problem, *: can not practical application

Overheated, the wearing and tearing of blade of corresponding blade and the degree of refrigerator oil deterioration when table 3 shows the heat-transfer coefficient that repeatedly changes blade, heat-transfer coefficient is 0.005 o'clock, the degradation of refrigerator oil is a no problem to practical application, but the easy generation of blade is overheated, wear extent increases.In addition, the heat-transfer coefficient of blade is 0.003 o'clock, and it is overheated that blade takes place, and it is more to wear and tear, and the easy deterioration of refrigerator oil has problems in the practical application.

In contrast to this, if making heat-transfer coefficient as described herein is 0.010-0.015, the then overheated minimizing of blade itself, the deterioration of refrigerator oil also can reduce.Therefore,, also can reduce the wearing and tearing of blade, and can prevent that the blade heating is deadlocked even use the HFC refrigeration agent, so, can be in continuous high speed running under the high capacity.

Especially, when heat-transfer coefficient is 0.015, can farthest reduce overheated, the wearing and tearing of blade and the deterioration of refrigerator oil.

Table 4

	Iron	Be scattered with the zirconium oxide of aluminium oxide
	Iron	Be scattered with the zirconium oxide of aluminium oxide					Proportion	7.9	4.6	4.8	5.3	6.0	7.0
Vickers hardness	1000	1250	1350	1450	1550	1650	Proportion	7.9	4.6	4.8	5.3	6.0	7.0
Vickers hardness	1000	1250	1350	1450	1550	1650	Compression efficiency	△	◎	◎	◎	○	△
The blade wear amount	×	△	○	◎	○	△	Compression efficiency	△	◎	◎	◎	○	△
The blade wear amount	×	△	○	◎	○	△	Vibration, noise	△	◎	◎	◎	○	△

△: practical application have problem, *: can not practical application

Table 4 shows the high low degree of corresponding starting torque, noise when repeatedly changing blade proportion, when use is scattered with the zirconium oxide of aluminium oxide, its proportion is lower than the proportion 7.9 of iron, compare with the blade of traditional ferrous material, starting torque reduces, maximum speed improves, and the running efficiency of compressor improves.Have, owing to alleviated weight, vibration, noise also reduce again.

But, in order to suppress the wearing and tearing of blade, must be controlled at blade hardness in the scope of Vickers hardness Hv1350-1550, corresponding specific gravity range is 4.8-6.0.

Therefore, be Vickers hardness Hv1350-1550 by the hardness that makes blade, and to make proportion be 4.8-6.0, but just can both wear extent be kept to seldom, can improve the running efficiency of compressor again and reduce vibration and noise.

Table 5

Hole diameter	Less than 0.5	1	50	100	200	300
Hole diameter	Less than 0.5	1	50	100	200	300		Store oil	×	△	○	◎	◎	◎	◎
Blade wear	△	○	◎	◎	◎	△	×	Store oil	×	△	○	◎	◎	◎	◎
Blade wear	△	○	◎	◎	◎	△	×	Deformable blade	◎	◎	◎	◎	◎	○	△

△: practical application have problem, *: can not practical application

Table 5 shows the degree of corresponding blade store oil, blade wear and deformable blade when repeatedly changing the blade hole diameter, hole diameter is less than 1 μ m, blade does not have distortion, the wear extent of blade itself is also few, but have that store oil is poor, lubricant oil is difficult for storing at sliding parts when running up under the high capacity, problem such as the heating that blade can occur is deadlocked, breakage.

On the other hand, when hole diameter surpassed 100 μ m, store oil was good, but the problem that exists is, the wear extent of blade begins to increase, in case hole diameter surpasses 200 μ m, the problem that deformable blade increases, damage, breakage etc. appear in the long-term operation rear blade can take place.

In contrast, when as shown in the present when making hole diameter be 1-100 μ m, the store oil of blade is good, and because the actual contact face is not too small, so can reduce the wearing and tearing of component and blade itself, can run up under high capacity.

Again, by as described in above-mentioned embodiment, making blade hardness is Vickers hardness Hv1350-1550, can guarantee to have reliable abrasion resistance properties in the broad range frequency zones from the low frequency to the high frequency.

Table 6

Phase variable	10	20	30	40	50	60
Phase variable	10	20	30	40	50	60	Be full of cracks	◎	◎	◎	◎	○	△

△: practical application have problem, *: can not practical application

When table 6 shows the phase variable that repeatedly changes from tetragonal (t phase) to monoclinic lattice (m phase), the degree that corresponding be full of cracks takes place, if phase variable surpasses 50%, then internal stress is big, can chap, but if as shown in the present, make phase variable less than 50%, then the internal stress that causes of the Volume Changes that takes place during phase transformation is little, can not chap.

In addition, in the above-described embodiments, by blade being carried out each to static pressure pressure treatment such as fluid (HIP processing), can reduce subsurface defect, improve the rigidity of blade, realize miniaturization, thin-walled property, by making phase variable, can prevent the generation of chapping more reliably again less than 50%.

As mentioned above, in the above-mentioned embodiment of the invention, hardness to blade, linear expansion coeffcient, heat-transfer coefficient, proportion, characteristic value such as hole diameter and phase variable is set, even thereby make compressor long-time running in recent years, minimum and maximum output amplitude increases under the harsh like this operating condition, even and use the HFC refrigeration agent of not chloride R134a and so on, to its noise, processability, the clearance of blade, store oil, the wearing and tearing of component, be full of cracks, blade is overheated, the influence of leakage etc. is also very little, can guarantee the reliability in the practical application, therefore, it is high to be provided at comprehensive aspect reliability, the compressor that can adapt to the HFC refrigeration agent.

In the above-described embodiments, can be by in the scope of following weight percentage, changing mixed ratio, promptly, zirconium oxide is at 50-98.5 weight %, aluminium oxide in the scope of 0.5-10 weight %, can be set hardness, linear expansion coeffcient, heat-transfer coefficient, proportion, hole diameter and phase variable at 1-49.5 weight %, surplus stabilizer.

In addition, for such rotary compressor of setting characteristic value, in order further to prevent to leak to suction chamber from the cylinder body pressing chamber at the slip surface place of blade and rotor refrigerant gas, can be as shown in Figure 3, grinding blade on the rectangular direction G-G of glide direction S-S of relative blade tip.

If when the direction parallel with the glide direction of blade tip carried out grinding, the grinding trace that grinding forms is stretched over the face of suction chamber side through the top of blade from the face of the pressing chamber side of blade, so refrigerant gas can be by this grinding trace from the pressing chamber of the cylinder body suction chamber that bleeds.But, if as mentioned above,, then can not form the grinding trace that is stretched over the face of suction chamber side from the face of the pressing chamber side of blade if carry out grinding in the rectangular direction of glide direction of blade tip relatively, so, can reliably block the leakage of gas by blade tip.

Again because in the present embodiment, adopt the alloy cast iron that contains Cr-Mo-Ni as the rotor or the cylinder body of the component of blade, and lubricant oil to adopt the ester of 4 valencys be artificial oil, so, can make the wear extent of blade, rotor, cylinder body few, below 1 μ m.

As mentioned above, rotary compressor of the present invention increases harsh like this operating condition for long-time running and maximum, minimum output amplitude, and for the use of not chloride R134a and so on HFC refrigeration agent, sufficient durability can be arranged.Particularly, because use the blade of hardness as Hv1350-1550, so, there are not gap, crackle during the blade cutting, accurately machined grinding is easy to carry out, and manufacturing is good, and the wear extent of blade is few; Because linear expansion coeffcient is 8.5-9.4 * 10 ^-6(1/ ℃) so the gap of blade and blade groove is little, can suppress the leakage of refrigeration agent; Again because from tetragonal (t phase) to the phase variable of monoclinic lattice (m phase) less than 50%, so blade does not have be full of cracks.

If making the proportion of this blade is 4.8-6.0, then be lower than the proportion 7.4 of the iron that uses as the traditional blades material, alleviated weight, starting torque reduces, and maximum speed improves, and the running efficiency of compressor improves.Because of weight saving, vibration, noise also reduce again.In addition, if making the diameter of this blade surface pore is 1-100 μ m, then the actual contact face of blade is unlikely too small, so the wearing and tearing of component and blade itself can be few, can also prevent deformable blade, the store oil of blade is also good.

In the present invention, because the blade heat-transfer coefficient is set at .010cal/cmsec ℃ of %) more than, so can avoid the overheated of blade itself, even allow rotary compressor high-speed and continuous running under high capacity of using the HFC refrigeration agent, the heating that blade also can not take place is deadlocked.

By blade being carried out each to static pressure pressure treatment such as fluid (HIP processing), can reduce subsurface defect, prevent be full of cracks.Have, blade is being carried out grinding with the rectangular direction of the glide direction of blade tip, suppress refrigeration agent from the pressing chamber of the cylinder body suction chamber that bleeds, the head pressure of the compressor low-speed running under and suction pressure are stablized.If the component rotor of this blade or cylinder body adopt the alloy cast iron that contains Cr-Mo-Ni, then the wearing and tearing of rotor, cylinder body can alleviate.Again, it is artificial oil that lubricant oil adopts the ester of 4 valencys, makes the wear extent of blade, rotor, cylinder body few, below 1 μ m.

Claims

1. rotary compressor, eccentric rotor free to rotate is housed in the cylinder body, and the blade that is inlaid in the blade groove of described cylinder body with being provided with its tip portion and this rotor elasticity butt and free sliding, constitutes by the sintering body that comprises zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and surplus stabilizer, compressed refrigeration agent uses the HFC refrigeration agent in the cylinder body, it is characterized in that

Described blade hardness is set at Hv1350-1550, and linear expansion coeffcient is set at 8.5-9.4 * 10 ^-6(1/ ℃), and the proportional quantities that becomes monoclinic crystal (M phase) from tetragonal (t phase) mutually is less than 50%.

2. rotary compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the heat transfer efficiency of described blade is set at more than 0.010 (the cal/cmsec ℃ of %).

3. rotary compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the proportion that makes described blade is 4.8-6.0.

4. rotary compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the diameter of described blade surface pore is set at 1-100 μ m.

5. rotary compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described blade has been carried out each to static pressure pressure treatment such as fluids.

6. as each described rotary compressor in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, described blade is carried out grinding in the relative rectangular direction of blade tip glide direction.

7. as each described rotary compressor in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that the rotor or the cylinder body that become the component of described blade adopt the alloy cast iron that contains Cr-Mo-Ni.

8. rotary compressor as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the rotor or the cylinder body that become the component of described blade adopt the alloy cast iron that contains Cr-Mo-Ni.

9. as each the described rotary compressor in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that the lubricant oil that is supplied to the sliding parts of the compressing mechanism of being made up of described blade, rotor and cylinder body is that the ester of 4 valencys is an artificial oil.

10. rotary compressor as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the lubricant oil that is supplied to the sliding parts of the compressing mechanism of being made up of described blade, rotor and cylinder body is that the ester of 4 valencys is an artificial oil.

11. rotary compressor as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the lubricant oil that is supplied to the sliding parts of the compressing mechanism of being made up of described blade, rotor and cylinder body is that the ester of 4 valencys is an artificial oil.