CN103852243A - Method for detecting optical center of wide-angle lens and optical center detecting device - Google Patents
Method for detecting optical center of wide-angle lens and optical center detecting device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method of detecting an optical center of a wide-angle lens and an optical center detecting apparatus. The method for detecting the optical center of the wide-angle lens comprises the following steps: the optical path changing element is sleeved on the wide-angle lens; the wide-angle lens receives the light generated by the light source through the optical path changing element to generate a detection image; and determining the optical center according to the detection image. An optical center detecting device includes a wide-angle lens, an optical path changing element, and an image processing unit. The optical path changing element is sleeved on the wide-angle lens. The image processing unit is coupled to the wide-angle lens and used for receiving the light generated by the light source through the wide-angle lens via the optical path changing element to generate a detection image and determining an optical center of the wide-angle lens according to the detection image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection of optical centre, relate in particular to a kind of utilize optical path change element promote in uniform light degree with detect wide-angle lens optical centre method with and relevant optical centre pick-up unit.
Background technology
In the scope of image processing, in order to obtain good image quality, can need to determine exactly the optical centre (optical center) of lens.For example, for wide-angle lens (wide-angle lens) (, fish eye lens (fisheye lens)), if can determine exactly the position of optical centre, the effect of image compensation and correction (for example, correcting fisheye image) can significantly promote.For instance, in the time producing panoramic picture (panorama) by image stitching (image stitching) processing, the optical centre position of finding is more accurate, and then produces high-quality panoramic picture.
Being used for traditionally one of method detecting optical centre, is that camera lens is developed in light-source box (Light Box), then detects optical centre according to seeing through the image that camera lens forms.But, detecting under the situation of fish-eye optical centre, because fish eye lens has convex minute surface, so in the step that the fish eye lens of convex surface and planar light source case are fitted, both also cannot be smooth veritably.Once the angle of fish eye lens and light-source box laminating is offset to some extent, being incident to fish-eye light can be even not, causes detected optical centre to produce error.
Therefore, need a kind of optical centre detection method of innovation, promote the accuracy of the optical centre that detects wide-angle lens.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, one of object of the present invention be to provide a kind of utilize optical path change element promote in uniform light degree with detect wide-angle lens optical centre method with and relevant optical centre pick-up unit, solve the problems referred to above.
According to one embodiment of the invention, it discloses the method for an optical centre of a kind of detection one wide-angle lens.The method comprises the following step: an optical path is changed to element housing and be connected to this wide-angle lens; This wide-angle lens changes element via this optical path and receives the light being produced by a light source to produce a detected image; And decide this optical centre according to this detected image.
According to one embodiment of the invention, it discloses a kind of optical centre pick-up unit.This optical centre pick-up unit comprises a wide-angle lens, an optical path changes element and a graphics processing unit.This optical path changes element housing and is connected to this wide-angle lens.This graphics processing unit is coupled to this wide-angle lens, receives the light being produced by a light source to produce a detected image, and decide an optical centre of this wide-angle lens according to this detected image in order to see through this wide-angle lens via this optical path change element.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of optical centre detection system of the present invention.
The light that Fig. 2 produces for light-source box is as shown in Figure 1 incident to the schematic diagram of an embodiment of wide-angle lens 130.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the detected image that produces corresponding to the optical path shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that decides a binary image according to the detected image shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram that the present invention detects an embodiment of the method for an optical centre of a wide-angle lens.
Fig. 6 is that the present invention detects the pixel value of the binary image shown in Fig. 4 with the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the geometric center of decision image object.
Fig. 7 is the statistics schematic diagram of the multiple row testing results shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that produces an embodiment of a detected image in the optical centre pick-up unit shown in Fig. 1 according to surround lighting.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that the detected image shown in Fig. 8 is carried out to an embodiment of binaryzation operation and pixel value modification.
Figure 10 is the process flow diagram that the present invention detects another embodiment of the method for an optical centre of a wide-angle lens.
[main element symbol description]
100 optical centre detection systems
110 light-source box
120 optical centre pick-up units
130 wide-angle lens
140 pipe boxes
150 graphics processing units
500,510,520,530,540,550, step
1032、1036
P_11, P_12, P_1n, P_m1, P_mn pixel
DW_H, DW_V detect pane
RB, RB ', RBB ' image object
Embodiment
Refer to Fig. 1, the schematic diagram of its embodiment who is optical centre detection system 100 of the present invention.Optical centre detection system 100 comprises a light-source box 110 and an optical centre pick-up unit 120, wherein optical centre pick-up unit 120 comprises a wide-angle lens 130, an optical path changes element (optical path changing device) (in this embodiment, it is a pipe box (sleeve) (or sleeve (bushing)) 140) and a graphics processing unit 150.Pipe box 140 is socketed on wide-angle lens 130.Graphics processing unit 150 is coupled to wide-angle lens 130, receives the light being produced by light-source box 110 to produce a detected image, and decide an optical centre of wide-angle lens 130 according to this detected image in order to see through wide-angle lens 130.In this embodiment, wide-angle lens 130 is put to pipe box 140, make light that wide-angle lens receives mostly come from the inwall of pipe box 140, not only can make wide-angle lens 130 in uniform lights, imaging region in this detected image producing is roughly also the sensitive volume of wide-angle lens 130, and therefore, user can prepare the precisely tool of contraposition, also without wide-angle lens 130 is close to light-source box 110, can obtain accurate optical centre position according to this detected image.Further instruction is as follows.
See also Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.The light that Fig. 2 produces for light-source box 110 is as shown in Figure 1 incident to the schematic diagram of an embodiment of wide-angle lens 130.In this embodiment, the light that wide-angle lens 130 receives represents with light L1~L3, wherein light L1 representative is produced by 1 10 of light-source box and directly into the light that is incident upon wide-angle lens 130, light L2 represents via the light that is just incident to wide-angle lens 130 after the reflection of pipe box 140 inside, and light L3 representative penetrates the light that is just incident to wide-angle lens 130 after pipe box 140.As shown in Figure 2, because pipe box 140 inwalls can be by light reflection to wide-angle lens 130, and cover the outer part light that comes from light-source box 110 of pipe box 140, therefore, the energy that wide-angle lens 130 receives in particular range VR1 can be greater than the energy that sensitive volume VR2 receives, and wherein particular range VR1 is corresponding to the xsect of pipe box 140.In this embodiment, pipe box 140 is made up of light-permeable material.In another embodiment, pipe box 140 also can be made up of light tight material (inwall can be reflective).
As known from the above, pipe box 140 can change light that light-source box produces and be incident to the optical path of wide-angle lens 130, makes that in the sensitive volume VR2 of wide-angle lens 130, received light can be from the light after reflecting/reflect via pipe box 140.It should be noted that, pipe box 140 changes element as optical path and only supplies needing of explanation, is not used as restriction of the present invention, in other words, be connected to wide-angle lens so that wide-angle lens is subject to the more uniform element of light as long as overlapping, all can be used as optical path and change element.
Please consult Fig. 3 together with Fig. 2.Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the detected image IMG_D that produces corresponding to the optical path shown in Fig. 2.As shown in Figure 3, image range R1 is corresponding to the particular range VR1 of wide-angle lens 130, and image range R2 is corresponding to the sensitive volume VR2 of wide-angle lens 130, and wherein the image boundary of image range R2 forms the geometric configuration (that is, circle) of a symmetry.Therefore, can find out easily the geometric center (that is, the center of circle) of image range R2, and then determine the optical centre of wide-angle lens 130.
Refer to Fig. 4, it is for deciding the schematic diagram of a binary image according to the detected image IMG_D shown in Fig. 3.In this embodiment, graphics processing unit 150 shown in Fig. 1 carries out a binaryzation operation (binary-conversion) to produce a binary image (binary image) IMG_B, to decide the optical centre of wide-angle lens 130 according to binary image IMG_B to detected image IMG_D.More particularly, graphics processing unit 150 can compare each pixel value (or brightness value) among detected image IMG_D respectively with a threshold value (threshold), produce binary image IMG_B, wherein this threshold value can adopt a preset value to set, and also can set according to the pixel value of each obtained detected image.In this embodiment, in the visual range (corresponding to the image object RB of bright/white) of binary image IMG_B, the pixel value of each pixel (is for example one first bi-values (binary value), 1), for example, and the pixel value of other pixels of visual range outer (darkness/black region) (is one second bi-values, 0), wherein this second bi-values is different from this first bi-values.Next, the graphics processing unit 150 shown in Fig. 1 just, by calculating the geometric center of image object RB, decides the optical centre of wide-angle lens 130.
Refer to Fig. 5, it detects the process flow diagram of an embodiment of the method for an optical centre of a wide-angle lens for the present invention.The method can be applicable to the optical centre pick-up unit 120 shown in Fig. 1, and can simply be summarized as follows:
Step 500: start.
Step 510 a: pipe box (that is an optical path changes element) is socketed on to this wide-angle lens.
Step 520: see through this wide-angle lens and receive the light being produced by a light source via this pipe box for example, to produce a detected image (, covering image).
Step 530: this detected image is carried out to a binaryzation operation to produce a binary image.
Step 540: calculate the geometric center (for example, the center of circle) of the visual range (that is, white image object) of this binary image, to determine this optical centre.
Step 550: finish.
In step 530, can carry out this binaryzation operation by suitable threshold value, to produce this binary image for example, with a maximum visual scope (, thering is the circle of same bi-values).Because skilled persons will is via after reading the related description of Fig. 1~Fig. 4, should understand easily the details of operation of the step 510 shown in Fig. 5~step 530, therefore further instruction just repeats no more at this.It should be noted that in step 540, can carry out to this binary image the detection of pixel value, obtain the border of the visual range of this binary image, and then determine the geometric center of visual range.Further instruction is as follows.
Refer to Fig. 6, its pixel value that detects the binary image IMG_B shown in Fig. 4 for the present invention is to determine the schematic diagram of an embodiment of geometric center of image object RB.In this embodiment, binary image IMG_B have multiple pixel P_11~P_mn(that is, m is capable is multiplied by the pel array of n row).First, for every a line (row) pixel in binary image IMG_B, move from left to right and from top to bottom a horizontal detection pane DW_H taking a pixel as unit, to detect all pixels in each row and to produce corresponding a line testing result, and then obtain the distribution scenario of the pixel value of each pixel in this row; Similarly, for each row (column) pixel in binary image IMG_B, move from top to bottom and from left to right a vertical detection pane DW_V taking a pixel as unit, to detect all pixels in each row and to produce a corresponding row testing result, and then obtain the distribution scenario of the pixel value of each pixel in these row.Finally, then decide the geometric center of image object RB according to the corresponding multiple row testing results of the capable pixel of m and the corresponding multiple row testing results of n row pixel.
In implementation, horizontal detection pane DW_H can be set as to the detection pane (that is, can simultaneously detect two adjacent pixels among same a line) of " 1 × 2 ".Horizontal detection pane DW_H can be first starts to detect from the pixel of the 1st row (that is, pixel P_11 and pixel P_12), two pixels of one-time detection, and continue taking a pixel as unit moves right to detect.When pixel among horizontal detection pane DW_H has different bi-values, represent that horizontal detection pane DW_H is in the border of image object RB at present, therefore, the corresponding location of pixels of horizontal detection pane DW_H can be recorded, for the use of the follow-up pixel value distribution scenario that obtains this row.
In this embodiment, when horizontal detection pane DW_H moves to location of pixels A_1P(with horizontal detection pane DW_H(A_1P) represent) time, among horizontal detection pane DW_H, left pixel value is bi-values " 0 ", right pixel value is bi-values " 1 ", and it represents that horizontal detection pane DW_H is just scanned up to white portion by black region on binary image IMG_B.Graphics processing unit 150 shown in Fig. 1 can be recorded the corresponding location of pixels A_1P of current horizontal detection pane DW_H.In addition, when horizontal detection pane DW_H continues to move to location of pixels A_1Q(with horizontal detection pane DW_H(A_1Q) represent) time, among horizontal detection pane DW_H, left pixel value is bi-values " 1 ", right pixel value is bi-values " 0 ", it represents that horizontal detection pane DW_H is just scanned up to black region by white portion on binary image IMG_B, therefore, the graphics processing unit 150 shown in Fig. 1 can be recorded the corresponding location of pixels A_1Q of current horizontal detection pane DW_H.After all pixels of the 1st row have all completed detection, graphics processing unit 150 shown in Fig. 1 can calculate noted down location of pixels (that is, location of pixels A_1P and location of pixels A_1Q) a mean place, using as row testing result DR_R1(that is, row testing result DR_R1 is the mean value of location of pixels A_1P and location of pixels A_1Q).Next, horizontal detection pane DW_H can continue to detect the pixel value of each pixel in the 2nd row, until m capable in all pixels all complete detection.
After in m is capable, all pixels all complete detection, graphics processing unit 150 shown in Fig. 1 can be added up the occurrence number of the corresponding mean place of multiple row testing result DR_R1~DR_Rm, with the geometric center that determines image object RB in the coordinate of horizontal direction.Refer to Fig. 7, it is the statistics schematic diagram of the multiple row testing result DR_R1~DR_Rm shown in Fig. 6.In this embodiment, the position that occurrence number is maximum is location of pixels A0, and in other words, the geometric center of image object RB is location of pixels A0 in the coordinate of horizontal direction (that is, the horizontal coordinate in the center of circle).
Similarly, graphics processing unit 150 shown in Fig. 1 for example also can utilize vertical detection pane DW_V(, the detection pane of " 2 × 1 ") detect each row pixel in binary image IMG_B, record corresponding location of pixels while there is different bi-values in vertical detection pane DW_V, and a mean place of calculating the location of pixels recording in these row is using as this row testing result.Finally, then multiple row testing results of obtaining of statistics, with the geometric center that determines image object RB in the coordinate of vertical direction.Via above detecting step, just can detect the position of the optical centre of wide-angle lens 130.
Note that the above horizontal detection pane DW_H with the pane size with " 1 × 2 " illustrates, therefore, the each mobile distance of horizontal detection pane DW_H is a pixel.But it is " 1 × 2 " that the pane size of horizontal detection pane DW_H does not limit, therefore, the each mobile distance of horizontal detection pane DW_H also can be adjusted according to pane size.Similarly, it is " 2 × 1 " that the pane size of vertical detection pane DW_V does not limit, and the each mobile distance of vertical detection pane DW_V also can be adjusted according to pane size.In addition, the direction that horizontal detection pane DW_H moves can be from right to left, and the direction that vertical detection pane DW_V moves can be also from the bottom to top.
Although the wide-angle lens 130 shown in Fig. 1 is roughly smooth in light-source box 110, but, optical centre pick-up unit and detection method proposed by the invention do not limit to some extent to the relative position between light source and wide-angle lens, that is to say, wide-angle lens can be close to light-source box, and the incident light of light-source box also not necessarily will be parallel to the optical axis (optical axis) of wide-angle lens, even can be only by roughly uniformly surround lighting detect the optical centre (that is, can not need light-source box) of wide-angle lens.
Refer to Fig. 8, it is for producing the schematic diagram of an embodiment of a detected image IMG_D ' according to surround lighting in the optical centre pick-up unit 120 shown in Fig. 1.In this embodiment, the visual range of detected image IMG_D ' is except image range R1 ' (corresponding to the xsect of pipe box 140) and image range R2 ' (corresponding to the visual range of wide-angle lens 130), also comprise image range R22 ', the reflective image that wherein image range R22 ' causes for surround lighting.In addition, in image range R1 ', also present the phenomenon of brightness disproportionation.
In order to ensure the accuracy of detected optical centre, can reduce/prevent the impact that reflective image or brightness disproportionation cause by the pixel value of correction image.See also Fig. 9 and Figure 10.Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that the detected image IMG_D ' shown in Fig. 8 is carried out to an embodiment of binaryzation operation and pixel value modification.Figure 10 is the process flow diagram that the present invention detects another embodiment of the method for an optical centre of a wide-angle lens, wherein the method for the method shown in Figure 10 based on shown in Fig. 5.After detected image IMG_D ' is carried out to binaryzation operation (as shown in step 530), can produce binary image IMG_B ' (as shown in the first half of Fig. 9), the image object RB ' (corresponding to image range R2 ') that wherein binary image IMG_B ' comprises a white and the image object RBB ' (corresponding to image range R22 ') of a white.In this embodiment, among image object RB '/image object RBB ', the pixel value of each pixel is one first bi-values (for example, " 1 ").In addition, image object RB ' has surrounded the have one second bi-values empty pixel (hole pixel) (that is, the black region that image object RB ' surrounds) of (for example, " 0 "), and wherein this second bi-values is different from this first bi-values.
In step 1032, first the graphics processing unit 150 shown in Fig. 1 can judge a maximum object in binary image IMG_B ' (that is, image object RB ') via the pixel quantity of image object RB ' and RBB '; Next, the pixel value of each pixel in other objects except this maximum object (that is, image object RBB ') is revised as to this second bi-values (for example, " 0 "), other objects are set as to black background (as shown in the center section of Fig. 9).In step 1036, the pixel value of the empty pixel that image object RB ' can be surrounded is revised as this first bi-values (for example, " 1 "), to remove undesired black image (as shown in the center section of Fig. 9); Finally, decide optical centre (as shown in step 540) according to amended binary image IMG_B ' (as shown in the Lower Half of Fig. 9) again, for instance, can use the detection method shown in Fig. 6 and the 7th to decide the geometric center of amended binary image IMG_B ', to determine the position of optical centre.
It should be noted that, because the size of image object RBB ' is much smaller than the size of image object RB ', even if therefore omitted the step of other objects beyond maximum object being set for to background, the optical centre of detected wide-angle lens 130 is still quite accurately.In addition, the black region that image object RB ' surrounds is much smaller than the size of image object RB ', and therefore, the step of removing the undesired black image that maximum object surrounds is also omissible.In other words,, after obtaining maximum object, it is also feasible that this maximum object of direct basis decides optical centre.
In addition, after obtaining maximum object, also can only carry out one of them that other objects are set for to the step of background and the step of the empty pixel of removal.In an implementation example, after image object RBB ' is set as to background (as shown in step 1032), also can directly performs step 540 and decide optical centre.In another implementation example, in binary image IMG_B ', obtaining image object RB ' afterwards, also can directly remove the empty pixel (as shown in step 1036) that image object RB ' surrounds, and then perform step 540 to determine optical centre.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equalizations of doing according to the claims in the present invention book change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. a method that detects an optical centre of a wide-angle lens, comprises:
One optical path is changed to element housing and be connected to this wide-angle lens;
This wide-angle lens changes element via this optical path and receives the light being produced by a light source to produce a detected image; And
Decide this optical centre according to this detected image.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein the internal face of this optical path change element is a light reflection surface, this wide-angle lens receives the light that this light source produces and reflect via the light reflection surface of this optical path change element, to produce this detected image.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, wherein this optical path change element is made up of light-permeable material or light tight material.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein decides the step of this optical centre to comprise according to this detected image:
This detected image is carried out to a binaryzation operation to produce a binary image;
In this binary image, along continuous straight runs moves a horizontal detection pane, to detect all pixels of each row in this binary image and to produce multiple row testing results;
In this binary image, move in the vertical direction a vertical detection pane, to detect all pixels of each row in this binary image and to produce multiple row testing results; And
Decide this optical centre according to the plurality of row testing result and the plurality of row testing result.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, if wherein this binary image comprises multiple objects, in each object, the pixel value of each pixel is one first bi-values, judge the maximum object in this binary image according to the pixel quantity of each object, and all pixels that detect each row, column in this maximum object are to produce the plurality of row testing result and the plurality of row testing result.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is further revised as one second bi-values by the pixel value of each pixel in other objects except this maximum object, and wherein this second bi-values is different from this first bi-values.
7. method as claimed in claim 5, if wherein this maximum object has surrounded at least one pixel with one second bi-values, is further revised as this first bi-values by the pixel value of this at least one pixel with this second bi-values.
8. the method as described in claim 4 to 7, the step that wherein produces the plurality of row testing result and the plurality of row testing result comprises:
In the time that the corresponding pixel of this horizontal detection pane has different bi-values, record the corresponding location of pixels of this horizontal detection pane;
In the time that the corresponding pixel of this vertical detection pane has different bi-values, record the corresponding location of pixels of this vertical detection pane; And
After the pixel of each row and each row has all completed detection, calculate a mean place of the location of pixels recording in each row and each row, using the row testing result as corresponding and row testing result.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, wherein decides the step of this optical centre to comprise according to the plurality of row testing result and the plurality of row testing result:
Add up respectively the occurrence number of the plurality of row testing result and the corresponding mean place of the plurality of row testing result; And
Decide this optical centre according to the maximum location of pixels of occurrence number in the maximum location of pixels of occurrence number in the plurality of row testing result and the plurality of row testing result.
10. an optical centre pick-up unit, comprises:
One wide-angle lens;
One optical path changes element, is socketed on this wide-angle lens; And
One graphics processing unit, is coupled to this wide-angle lens, receives the light being produced by a light source to produce a detected image, and decide an optical centre of this wide-angle lens according to this detected image in order to see through this wide-angle lens via this optical path change element.
11. optical centre pick-up units as claimed in claim 10, wherein the internal face of this optical path change element is a light reflection surface, this graphics processing unit sees through this wide-angle lens and receives the light that this light source produces and reflect via the light reflection surface of this optical path change element, to produce this detected image.
12. optical centre pick-up units as claimed in claim 11, wherein this optical path change element is made up of light-permeable material or light tight material.
13. optical centre pick-up units as claimed in claim 10, wherein this graphics processing unit carries out a binaryzation operation to produce a binary image to this detected image; In this binary image, along continuous straight runs moves a horizontal detection pane, to detect all pixels of each row in this binary image and to produce multiple row testing results; In this binary image, move in the vertical direction a vertical detection pane, to detect all pixels of each row in this binary image and to produce multiple row testing results; And this graphics processing unit decides this optical centre according to the plurality of row testing result and the plurality of row testing result.
14. optical centre pick-up units as claimed in claim 13, if wherein this binary image comprises multiple objects, in each object, the pixel value of each pixel is one first bi-values, this graphics processing unit is judged the maximum object in this binary image according to the pixel quantity of each object, and all pixels that detect each row, column in this maximum object are to produce the plurality of row testing result and the plurality of row testing result.
15. optical centre pick-up units as claimed in claim 14, wherein this graphics processing unit is separately revised as by the pixel value of each pixel in other objects except this maximum object one second bi-values that is different from this first bi-values.
16. optical centre pick-up units as claimed in claim 14, if wherein this maximum object has surrounded at least one pixel with one second bi-values, this graphics processing unit is separately revised as this first bi-values by the pixel value of this at least one pixel with this second bi-values.
17. optical centre pick-up units as described in claim 13 to 16, when wherein the pixel among this horizontal detection pane has different bi-values, this graphics processing unit records the corresponding location of pixels of this horizontal detection pane; In the time that the corresponding pixel of this vertical detection pane has different bi-values, this graphics processing unit records the corresponding location of pixels of this vertical detection pane; And after the pixel of each row and each row has all completed detection, this graphics processing unit calculates a mean place of the location of pixels recording in each row and each row, using the row testing result as corresponding and row testing result.
18. optical centre pick-up units as claimed in claim 17, wherein this graphics processing unit is added up respectively the occurrence number of the plurality of row testing result and the corresponding mean place of the plurality of row testing result, and decides this optical centre according to the maximum location of pixels of occurrence number in the maximum location of pixels of occurrence number in the plurality of row testing result and the plurality of row testing result.
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CN103852243B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
TW201423146A (en) | 2014-06-16 |
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