CN103842740B - Shop assembled vertical serpentine flow molten salt solar receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar receiver is disclosed. The solar receiver is modular, has multiple tube panels in a rectangular/square/polygonal/circular configuration, and is designed for use with molten salt or another heat transfer fluid. The heat transfer fluid flows in a vertical serpentine path through the sides (facets) of the solar receiver. The solar receiver can be shop assembled and can be used with a support tower to form a solar power system.

Description

The vertically snakelike flowing fused salt solar receiver of factory-assembled

Background technology

This application claims on July 29th, 2011 submission, Application Serial No. 61/513,251 US provisional patent Application priority, entire contents by referring to by way of integrate with the application.

This patent disclosure relates generally to for the power generation field generating electricity.More particularly it relates to modeled, factory The solar receiver of assembling.This receptor includes heating surface or face（facet）Device, interconnect therewith structure upper fluid Molten Salt Heat Transfer system, and integrated supporting structure, and other part.Invention also discloses a kind of use described work Factory assembles the electricity generation system of solar receiver.

Usually, solar receiver is the part of solar energy production system, by solar receiver, from the sun Radiation（I.e. sunlight）It is used as thermal source.It is passed to working fluid from the radiation of the sun and heat energy, described working fluid is used To be generated electricity eventually through using steam turbine etc..Generally, this receptor is be permanently mounted at overhead support top of tower large-scale Unit, this support tower is strategically positioned to be had collection sunray and these light is reflexed to target wall in receptor Heliostat or mirror place in.In power field, efficient, small volume the solar receiver of these systems is reason Think, this receptor can using fused salt or similar heat-transfer fluid and design simple, modularity, firm in structure and produce, Transport and installation are all more economical.

Existing wind energy and solar photovoltaic generator do not have economic energy storage capability.Due to there is no energy stores, At night because the power transmission network fluctuation that wind, cloud and dark lead to is inevitable.Due to being mounted with more solar electrical energy generation Machine, because cloud layer is unacceptable through the power transmission network fluctuation caused with daily open and close operation for holding demand. In the long run, in order to control power transmission network, need storage energy.In view of stable and schedulable electric power, with fused salt solar energy The fused salt solar facilities of receptor is helpful to for the demand meeting energy stores.

Unlike steam/water solar electric power equipment, collected solar energy can be deposited by fused salt solar facilities effectively Store up as heat energy, this allows power generation process and collects the process of energy separately.Then, this power equipment can such as covered by obnubilation When or produced on demand according to heat storage system scale at night and dispatch electric power.

The use of steam/water receptor and the independent fused salt using for storing heat is feasible, but less efficient.Need Other heat exchangers transmitting the heat energy of the superheated steam being produced by receptor, to heat fused salt.Then fused salt can be stored, And when needed, hot salt can be pumped into different heat exchanger systems, heat energy is delivered to by these heat exchangers from hot salt Water and produce steam, with drive routine rankine cycle steam turbine generator, thus generate electricity.Some problems of this system include due to The heat exchanger that adds and the cost that leads to increases.It is also difficult to be designed to produce steam hot enough to make full use of salt High temperature storage ability steam/water receptor.The different heat-transfer fluids such as the oil using parabolic wire casing technology（HTF）Can For heat storage, however, these heat-transfer fluids are limited to relatively low temperature and less efficient.Due to additional heat exchanger The whole efficiency that solar power plant can be made with the temperature limiting of different heat transfer fluid is lost.

By these rules, use the single larger field erected fused salt sun positioned at Hispanic solar power plant Can receptor and start to come into operation spring in 2011.This engineering is designed to produce 17 with the energy stores of 15 hours Megawatt（MWe）Electricity.

Entitled " solar energy two（Solar Two）" solar power plant engineering from January, 1998 in April, 1999 Run.Solar energy two is intended to prove the potential use on a commercial scale of tower fused salt heliotechnics.Fig. 1 is solar energy two The axonometric chart of number receptor.

It is single field erected receptor in heliostat field for the solar energy solar receiver of No. two.This reception Device is included around internal pipeline, instrument and control salt container（Invisible）24 tube panels with outer cylindrical arrangement.Each pipe Including 32 light-wall pipes, described light-wall pipe is made up of rustless steel and scribbles pitch-dark maximum to absorb from heliostat field screen The incident solar energy of amount.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the runner of No. two receptors of solar energy.First flow is bypass runner." cold " fused salt is to upstream Cross upspout 202 and enter inlet container 210.When opening bypass valve 208, fused salt can directly flow through by-pass line 206 and enter Fall flow tube 204, and without tube panel and exit vessel 220.Second flow channel flows through receptor tube panel to heat fused salt.Sloppy heat salt from Inlet container 210 flows through pipe 230 and enters described tube panel and pass through described tube panel, then flows into exit vessel 220.In figure also shows that Drain valve 240, ring-type collector 242 and ventilation valve 244.

It is desirable that providing a kind of use fused salt or similar heat-transfer fluid and designing the body of simple, modularity and economy Amass less solar receiver.

Content of the invention

Embodiments of the invention are related to tube panel construction and in order to obtain the solar receiver with storage energy.Preferably, This solar receiver is used fused salt as heat-transfer fluid.

Solar receiver is small-sized, modular and factory-assembled it is allowed to they are easily transported and minimum Change Assembling cost.The modularity receptor of multiple units can be used in mirror field.Fused salt including these modular units Solar power system is also included.Term as used herein " modularity " meaning is this solar receiver is standardization Unit is so that can be able to be easier by increasing other such units and faster expansion.

The solar receiver of factory-assembled includes heating surface device, be interconnected to this heating surface in structure and functionally The Molten Salt Heat Transfer system of device and vertical supporting structure.This vertical supporting structure supports this heating surface and this fused salt to pass The all parts of hot systems.

The solar receiver of factory-assembled carrys out heated working fluid using solar energy（As fused salt）.It is in the mirror on ground The Jing Chang of son is from the motion tracking sun, and by light energy reflected and is gathered on the solar receiver of factory-assembled.Incidence is too Positive radiant heating working fluid, this working fluid can be in order to generate electricity together with steam turbine.

Disclose the fused salt solar receiver including multiple heating surface/faces in various embodiments.Each face includes Face entrance, face outlet and one or more tube panel.Each tube panel includes at least one pipe, inlet header and outlet header.Multiple faces The outside being arranged on supporting structure is to form northeast flowing quadrant, northwest flowing quadrant, southeast flowing quadrant and southwest flowing Quadrant.Tube panel is oriented such that collector is located in plane and lower plane, and the collector in each plane is laterally independent of one another or divides Every.Face fluidly connects to form two independent runners, and a runner includes northeast flowing quadrant and southwest flowing quadrant, another Runner includes northwest flowing quadrant and southeast flowing quadrant.Optionally, each tube panel is connected to this by socketed stanchion support system Supporting structure.Solar receiver can optionally include heat cover, lower heat cover, upspout, fall flow tube and/or rise this Flow tube is connected to the bypass line of fall flow tube.On this, heat cover cladding is located at the collector of the tube panel of upper plane.This lower heat cover cladding position Collector in the tube panel of lower plane.

Described tube panel can discharge and can divulge information.This solar receiver can carry out factory-assembled and can With with truck transport.If be suitable for, it is possible to use the other heat-transfer fluids in addition to fused salt.

The collector of each tube panel can be towards inside, and this reduces the size of this solar receiver.In a particular embodiment, The upper header in one face and lower collector pipe present position are higher than upper header and the lower collector pipe present position of one or two adjacent surface.Institute The face of stating can be arranged with the construction of rectangle, square, polygon or circle.

This solar receiver may further include exit vessel, and this exit vessel is fluidly connected to the downstream of tube panel. In a particular embodiment, this exit vessel is positioned at the top in the plurality of face.

This solar receiver may further include inlet container, and this inlet container is fluidly connected to the upstream of tube panel. This inlet container can be positioned above or below tube panel or at the base portion of tower.

Each tube panel can by described socketed stanchion support system along the height of tube panel and top braces and be connected to this Support structure part.

This solar receiver may further include the flow control valve in each independent flow passage.This solar energy receives Device can also include：At least one being in this solar receiver top is passed through platform, suspension bracket and/or safeguards beam, or by Upper heat covers fenced upper heater box and by the fenced lower heater box of lower heat cover.

Usually, the entrance and exit for each face can be independently positioned at any corner of this solar receiver In, and in upper plane or lower plane.However, in a particular embodiment, this southeast quadrant face exports and this Southwest Quadrant face Outlet positions in the same plane, such as in upper plane.The outlet of this southeast quadrant face and the outlet of this Southwest Quadrant face can be all It is positioned at Nan Jiao.This Northeast Quadrant face entrance and this Northwest Quadrant face entrance position in the same plane, such as in lower plane. This Northeast Quadrant face entrance and this Northwest Quadrant face entrance can all be positioned at Beijiao.

Pipe in each tube panel can for example be configured to by blacking increase heat absorption rate.This solar receiver Also include the reflection isolation mode massing light barrier being positioned at each tube panel rear portion, light is reflected away by described light barrier towards each pipe.

Also disclose that the fused salt solar receiver including multiple heat-transfer areas in other embodiments.Each face include into Mouth, outlet and one or more tube panel.Each tube panel includes multiple pipes, upper header and lower collector pipe.Pipe in each tube panel is formed than upper Collector and the wide body of lower collector pipe.Multiple faces are arranged on the outside of supporting structure to form northeast flowing quadrant, northwest flowing Quadrant, southeast flowing quadrant and southwest flowing quadrant.Each face is fluidly connected to form two independent runners, a runner Including northeast flowing quadrant and southwest flowing quadrant, another runner includes northwest flowing quadrant and southeast flowing quadrant.Given Face in tube panel generally interconnect to form serpentine flow path.The outlet of face entrance dough-making powder all along this face edge and often along phase Same edge is positioned.Each tube panel is connected to this supporting structure by socketed stanchion support system.

For given tube panel, described body（It is formed from tubes）Width and upper header or the width of lower collector pipe between Ratio can be at least 1.05：1.

The collector of each tube panel can be towards internal, and this reduces the size of this solar receiver.In particular implementation In example, the upper header in a face and lower collector pipe present position are higher than the upper header of one or two adjacent surface and position residing for lower collector pipe Put.Described face can be arranged with the construction of rectangle, square, polygon or circle.

This solar receiver may further include inlet container and described inlet container be fluidly connected to two phases The suction line of adjacent flowing quadrant face entrance.This solar receiver may further include exit vessel and holds described outlet Device is fluidly connected to the outlet line of two adjacent flow quadrant face outlets.This exit vessel is generally positioned at this inlet container Top or this tube panel top.Then fall flow tube extends downwardly from this exit vessel.Alternatively, this solar receiver The outlet dropped flow tube and two adjacent flow quadrant face outlets are directly fluidly connected to this fall flow tube can also be further included Pipeline.There is not exit vessel in the described embodiment.Upspout and bypass line can also exist, and wherein this upspout is passed through This inlet container, this upspout is connected to fall flow tube by this bypass line.This inlet container can be positioned under multiple tube panels Side.

This solar receiver can further include fenced tube panel upper header upper heater box and possible fenced should The upper heat cover of upper heater box.This solar receiver can further include lower heater box and the possibility of fenced tube panel lower collector pipe This lower heater box fenced lower heat cover.This solar receiver can further include the reflection being positioned each tube panel rear portion Isolation mode massing light barrier.

The flowing quadrant face outlet of this southeast and southwest flowing quadrant face outlet can be positioned in common plane.This southeast is flowed The face outlet of involuntary movements limit and southwest flowing quadrant face outlet may be positioned at Nan Jiao.This northeast flowing quadrant face entrance and northwest stream Involuntary movements limit face entrance can be positioned in common plane.The flowing quadrant face outlet of this northeast and northwest flowing quadrant face outlet all may be used To be positioned at Beijiao.

Also disclose that the heating surface or face that can be used in solar receiver in various embodiments.This face includes one Or multiple tube panel, each tube panel includes at least one pipe, upper header and lower collector pipe, and described tube panel interconnects to form serpentine flow path；Face Entrance；Dough-making powder exports.This face entrance and the outlet of this face are all along the edge positioning in this face.Typically there are multiple tube panels in this face.On Collector and lower collector pipe are laterally independently of one another or separate.

Each tube panel can include one or more pipes, and each pipe is wider than upper header and lower collector pipe to be formed parallel to placing each other Body.This face entrance and the outlet of this face can be positioned on same edge or the different edge in this face.The collector of each tube panel can With towards inner side（It is biased to the identical sidepiece of each pipe）.

Also disclose that the other embodiments in the heating surface or face being used on solar receiver.This face include into Mouth, outlet and one or more tube panel.Each tube panel includes multiple pipes, upper header and lower collector pipe.Pipe in each tube panel is formed than upper Collector and the wide body of lower collector pipe.Described tube panel can interconnect to form serpentine flow path.This face entrance and this face outlet all edges should The edge positioning in face, and may be on identical edge.

Also disclose that fused salt solar power system in an embodiment, it includes：Vertically supporting structure；It is positioned at this to erect Middle part solar receiver on straight supporting structure；Multiple heliostats around this vertical supporting structure setting；Being configured to will Fused salt is fed to the cold storage tank of solar receiver in the middle part of this；And be configured to receive solar receiver in the middle part of this The hot storage tank of fused salt.In the middle part of this, solar receiver includes multiple flowing quadrants, and each flowing quadrant includes one or more pipes Screen.Each tube panel includes multiple pipes, upper header and lower collector pipe.The pipe of each tube panel forms the body wider than upper header and lower collector pipe.Many Individual described flowing quadrant is arranged on the outside of supporting structure to form northeast flowing quadrant, northwest flowing quadrant, southeast flowing Quadrant and southwest flowing quadrant.Connect to form two independent runners on described tube panel fluid, a runner includes northeast stream Involuntary movements limit and southwest flowing quadrant, another runner includes northwest flowing quadrant and southeast flowing quadrant.It should be considered that, any The receptor of quantity can be used in this solar power system, and each receptor is positioned on tower.Each tube panel can be by being socketed Pillar support system is connected to this supporting structure.

Cold storage tank and hot storage tank can be positioned at the base portion of this tower.This electricity generation system can further include reception Carry out the steam generating system of the fused salt of self-heating storage tank.

The collector of each tube panel can be towards inside.In a particular embodiment, the upper collection of the tube panel in a flowing quadrant Pipe and lower collector pipe present position are higher than the upper header of tube panel in one or two adjacent flow quadrant and position residing for lower collector pipe Put.

Also disclose that the tube panel including multiple pipes, upper header and lower collector pipe in different embodiments.Described pipe forms ratio should Upper header and the wide body of lower collector pipe.

Body（It is formed from tubes）Width and upper header or the width of lower collector pipe between ratio can be at least 1.05： 1.In other embodiments, upper header and lower collector pipe are biased to the side of the plane being formed by multiple pipes.

These or other non-limiting aspect and/or the target of the present invention below will be described in further detail.

Brief description

The following is brief description, its objective is to describe exemplary embodiment disclosed in this invention, rather than in order to limit The present invention.

Fig. 1 describes the solar receiver of No. two engineerings of solar energy.

Fig. 2 shows a runner of solar receiver and the signal of a lie for No. two engineerings of solar energy Figure.

Fig. 3 is the axonometric chart of an embodiment of the solar receiver of present invention assembling.This specific embodiment has Four sidepieces, and do not use exit vessel.

Fig. 4 is the perspective interior view assembling solar receiver of Fig. 3, shows the set-up mode of heating surface, and Setting is to shore the vertical supporting structure of this heating surface.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the pipe arrangement assembling solar receiver of Fig. 3, shows for clear, removes this solar energy The some of receptor.

Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram of a runner for solar receiver of the present invention；

Fig. 7 A is the amplification front elevation in the face including multiple tube panels, and this face can be used for square or the length forming the present invention One side of square solar receiver.

Fig. 7 B is the perspective interior view in the face of Fig. 7 A.

Fig. 7 C is the inside amplification stereogram of two adjacent surfaces of solar receiver, it illustrates the collector of differing heights （This will help reduce the size of this receptor）.

Fig. 8 A is the side view of tube panel.

Fig. 8 B is the amplification three-dimensional exploded view of the tube panel of Fig. 8 A.

Fig. 9 is the top view in the face of square or rectangular solar receiver of the present invention.

Figure 10 is the axonometric chart of another embodiment that the present invention has assembled solar receiver.This specific embodiment has four Individual side, and include exit vessel.

Figure 11 is in order to by face or tube panel（Screen）Be connected to supporting construction socketed stanchion support system some parts of Side sectional view.

Figure 12 is some parts of plane of the socketed stanchion support system in order to face or tube panel to be connected to supporting construction Figure.

Figure 13 is some parts of solid of the socketed stanchion support system in order to face or tube panel to be connected to supporting construction Figure.

Figure 14 is the axonometric chart of fixture, this solar receiver factory-assembled, transport and lifting on this fixture.

Figure 15 is the side sectional view of the heater box being used together with solar receiver of the present invention.

Figure 16 is the zoomed-in view at the supporting construction top of solar receiver, and shows and safeguard beam.

Figure 17 A shows a pair of dimension at stowed position and possible first service position and second service position The axonometric chart of guard beam.

Figure 17 B shows and will safeguard that beam is fixed on the plane graph of the pin assembly at corresponding diagram 17A stowed position.

Figure 17 C shows and will safeguard that beam is fixed on the plane graph of the pin assembly of the second maintenance position.

Figure 17 D shows and will safeguard that beam is fixed on the plane graph of the pin assembly of the first maintenance position.

Specific embodiment

By referring to accompanying drawing, technique disclosed in the present application and device can be more fully understood from.These accompanying drawings are only Based on schematically illustrating of convenient and easy description prior art and/or the present invention, and therefore, it is not intended to as indicating this The sizes related of invention assembly or part and size.

Although in the following description in order to clearly employ specific nomenclature, these terms intention simply means to attached In figure selectes the ad hoc structure of the embodiment for explanation, and not means and define or limit the scope of the present invention.In accompanying drawing It should be appreciated that identical reference is all used for representing the part with identical function in the following description of neutralization.

The qualifier " about " that combined amount uses includes this statement value, and its meaning is determined by context（For example, its At least include the degree of error being associated with certain amount of measurement）.When being used together with concrete numerical value, it is also considered as bag Include this numerical value.For example, term " about 2 " also discloses numerical value " 2 ", and scope " from about 2 to about 4 " also disclose scope " from 2 to 4”.

It should be noted that many terms used in this application are relative terms.For example, term " entrance " and " outlet " It is with respect to flow direction, and should not be construed as and require being specifically directed or position of this structure.Similarly, term " on " and D score is relative to each other in position, i.e. upper-part is on the position higher than lower component.In addition, term " northern " and " southern ", in order to indicate opposite directions, term " eastern " is also the same with " western ".These direction terms are relative to each other, and And should not be construed as the absolute direction referring to determine with reference to north geographic pole or the magnetic north of the earth.

Term " plane " used herein generally refers to common horizontal plane, and should be interpreted that finger with reference to volume, Rather than refer to flat surface.

It is appreciated that the present invention may need to explain some terms in sun receptor, boiler and/or steam generator field Or principle, reader may be referred to Babcock ＆ Wilcox Co., Ltd.（The Babcock&Wilcox Company）'s 《Steam/its generation and use（Steam/its generation and use）》40th edition, its author is Stults （Stultz）And base（Kitto）, all rights reserved 1992, and may be referred to Babcock ＆ Wilcox Co., Ltd. 《Steam/its generation and use》41st edition, its author is Stults and base, and all rights reserved 2005, whole interior both it Portion by referring in the way of integrate with the application, just as here done complete illustrate the same.

The present invention relates to can be used for the solar receiver design of tower type solar generation technology, tower type solar generating skill Art is also referred to as centralized solar electrical energy generation（CSP）Technology.Usually, this solar receiver is in ground level or same level The top of the vertical supporting structure rising above face.This vertical supporting structure can be by substrate support.In this vertical support Pillar can be arranged on structural member to provide cross-brace for heating surface device, advantageously, this heating surface device includes pine Scattered tangent tube panel, simultaneously it is contemplated that these pipe/tube panels can carry out free thermal expansion in the horizontal and vertical directions, thus Eliminate extra pipe stress.

Pipe/tube panel that this vertical supporting structure, pillar and other structures element are not only heating surface provides structure to prop up Support and rigidity, be also a kind of can in order to pick and rise act solar receiver it to be placed on the device of desired location.Should Structure allows this solar receiver to be lifted and be arranged on by factory-assembled, transport and then liter as a unit during installation On tower.This vertical supporting structure maintains solar receiver, therefore should can be easily by solar energy when needing Receptor removes from tower（If necessary）.

This solar receiver is the assembly of pipe, fused salt or other heat-transfer fluid（HTF）Pipe flows.In same level On face, the Jing Chang of the referred to as mirror of heliostat follows the tracks of sun's motion and sunlight concentrates on the heating surface of this receptor On.The solar energy that heat-transfer fluid absorption in the pipe of this receptor is concentrated, causes heat-transfer fluid temperature to increase and/or occurs Phase transformation is so that heat-transfer fluid obtains solar energy.It is contemplated that the solar receiver of the present invention especially with as heat transfer The nitric acid fused salt of fluid is used together.

Competitor's（competitor）System is generally connect using single big in-site installation at the middle part of single Jing Chang Receive device.However, the solar receiver of the present invention can consider some being equal to using generation with the output of single big receptor Integrate with the generating equipment taking modular method compared with Sunny energy receptor.Specifically, this less size allows work Factory assembles, or in other words, this solar receiver can transport scene as an assembly, not as multiple It is assembled into one piece of smaller parts at the scene.This improves quality, minimizes field workforce cost, allows to exist when receptor Can install quickly and be readily available license because tower is shorter during field.It is big that this modular method also allows for transformable equipment Little, instrument size can be changed by simply changing the quantity of tower and receptor.Due to same reception can be used Device designs and to extend or to reduce this equipment, and the risk of equipment also reduces；This design does not need to change.

This fused salt solar receiver employs a lot of concepts, for example：Factory-assembled, modularity, using setting replace The heating surface of the loose positive Pipe Cutting of the top braces of snakelike flowing and collector, pipe fittings/struts and after tube panel up and down Light barrier and other concept.

Usually, fused salt solar receiver is used fused salt rather than flows through steam in pipe and water as heat-transfer fluid. These fused salts can include nitric acid sodium salt and potassium salt.Inlet temperature is about 550 °F（288 DEG C, 561 ° of K）" cold " fused salt From the pipe that sloppy heat salt storage tank is pumped into this receptor.Fused salt is heated approximately to by the solar energy gathering on tube panel 1050°F（566 DEG C, 839 ° of K）Outlet temperature.When leaving this solar receiver, same level should be returned to by " hot " fused salt Face is simultaneously stored in hot melt salt cellar.This completes collection of energy process.

It is possible if desired to be generated electricity by being pumped into steam generating system hot salt from hot salt storage tank.Steam There is the system that system is a shell-and-tube exchanger in vapour, heat energy is delivered to water by this system from hot melt salt, to produce height Temperature, high steam.Then, steam is used to drive conventional Rankine steam turbine generator.This completes power generation process.Cooling Salt returns in cold salt storage tank and can carry out recirculation by solar receiver.

Energy collecting system（Heliostat and receptor）Production capacity be more than electricity generation system require ability；Therefore, many Remaining energy can be with warm（1050°F）The form storage of fused salt.This allow with solar receiver at collection of energy process with Power generation process separates.It is impossible for carrying out energy stores with the steam/water receptor being directly connected to steam turbine, but for For practicality, energy stores are very important, because this equipment may produce with during night on demand during such as obnubilation covers Give birth to and dispatch electric power, sometimes depend on the scale of hot storage system.

Advantageously, the factory-assembled solar receiver of the present invention is included with ad hoc base setting with by the heat of requirement Working fluid can be delivered to（I.e. fused salt）Heating surface device and fluid delivery catheter（Pipe, valve etc.）And pass controller. Advantageously, this heating surface is made up of the pipe being arranged to tangent tube panel, and is provided with inlet header and outlet header on demand. As known to persons of ordinary skill in the art, for the size of the pipe of this heating surface, their material, diameter, wall thickness, quantity It is according to being suitable for what design specification was designed based on the temperature and pressure being used with arrangement.Biography needed for working fluid in pipe Hot property, circulating ratio, point absorption rate, mass velocity etc. are also the important parameter having to consider.Connect according to this solar energy Receive device geographical position to be mounted, also will consider applicable seismic (seismal and design specification.

Fig. 3 to Fig. 7 C shows the many aspects of solar receiver of the present invention.Fig. 3 is to have assembled solar receiver The exterior perspective view of one embodiment.This receptor is modular, factory-assembled and can use truck transport.This receptor Fused salt is used as heat-transfer fluid.This receptor also includes providing the heating surface of vertical serpentine flow path for fused salt（I.e. face）.Fixed Multiple receptors can be carried in solar eyepiece field/system.

Fig. 4 is the perspective interior view of the solar receiver of Fig. 3 it is possible to see its internal and rear side.This figure is main Show the support system of the heating surface for this Molten Salt Heat Transfer system and other parts.Fig. 5 shows that this fused salt of composition passes Some pipes of hot systems part, vent, discharge member（drains）And storage tank.Fig. 6 shows in Fig. 3 solar receiver Fused salt runner.Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C shows tube panel on this solar receiver, constituting heat-transfer area（Tube sheet）Certain A little aspects.

When viewed from the top, in the solar receiver in some specific embodiments, the size on each sidepiece is of about 11 feet × 11 feet.When observing from sidepiece, the endotherm area of this solar receiver is of about 30 feet high（Absorb heat high Degree）× about 11 feet wide.The size of this receptor is less compared to the unit of competitor, and facilitates realization at utmost Factory-assembled and truck transport ability, to reduce field erected time and cost.It is contemplated that acetyl the size of this receptor It is elastic to a certain extent, to remain to reach factory-assembled and truck transport ability meeting thermal performance requirement simultaneously Require.

This solar receiver is segmented into four different quadrants.As the application further describes, every quadrant comprises At least one face 320, and each bread contains at least one tube panel.In figure 3, northeast（NE）Quadrant 312 and the southeast（SE）As Limit 316 is visible, and northeast face 350 and the southeast 370 are also visible.In the diagram, northwest（NW）Quadrant 314 and southwest （SW）Quadrant 318 is visible, and in the northwest 360 is also visible with southwestern face 380.

As Fig. 3 to Fig. 7 C can see, the assembly of this solar receiver is primarily based on for the runner of fused salt Row description.With reference first to Fig. 3, solar receiver 300 may be mounted on the vertical supporting structure such as tower（Not shown）, Can place and still can shine the area of solar receiver to increase the heliostat being arranged in same level.

Turning now to Fig. 5, temperature be about 550 °F sloppy heat salt from cold salt storage tank 301 through upspout 324 enter into Mouthful container 390 and be pumped up tower, wherein inlet container 390 works as the pressure vessel of excessive fused salt.If due to The failure problems of pump or other reason lead to the fused salt flowing to tower to stop, then, the fused salt in inlet container 390 can continue Face for this solar receiver provides flowing and refrigerating function, leaves solar energy and connects by being redirected to heliostat simultaneously Receive device to be focused and heat is removed from these pipes.From this inlet container 390, fused salt flows to the Beijiao of this receptor, and And it is divided into two parallel runners.One runner enters northeast face entrance 352, and another runner enters entrance in the northwest 362.In general, the entrance for this two runners is in common angle.For example, alternatively, this face entrance can be determined Position is on Nan Jiao.The direction of fused salt flowing Northern Hemisphere of the earth or the Southern Hemisphere may be according to this solar receiver and Different, and this can affect which angle these entrances are in.

Northeastward inside face 350 and in the northwest 360, salt is by the concentration on Jing Chang, the pipe that is collected in face Solar energy and be heated.Each face is made up of one or more tube panels 330（It is illustrated in figure 3 four tube panels）.Each tube panel include to A few pipe 712, inlet header 714 and outlet header 716（See Fig. 7 A）.These tube panels pass through such as jumper pipe 414（See Fig. 5） Contact each other Deng interconnection pipeline.These tube panels 330 vertically or are axially organized so that fused salt flows through along alternately upper and lower direction These tube panels（As shown in the arrow in Fig. 3, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7）.Change on this flow direction is referred to as serpentine flow in this application Road.And, each face can have about 10 feet to about 50 feet of height.Each face can have about 8 feet to about 20 feet of width.

With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the fused salt of quadrant 312 sequentially " bridging northeast（Across）" on Southwest Quadrant 318 Face, and the face on southeast quadrant 316 for the fused salt " bridging " from Northwest Quadrant 314.This bridging process is intended to balance too Yan Wendong/western the difference being caused to west change by natural east in sun energy absorption process.The heating process of salt is also by multiple Proceed in the southeast quadrant of tube panel composition of snakelike type and the face of Southwest Quadrant up and down.

The pipeline for this bridging process can be seen in Fig. 5.First bridging pipe 348 is by northeast face outlet 354 fluid even It is connected to southwestern face entrance 382.Outlet 364 in the northwest is fluidly connected to the southeast entrance 372 by the second bridging pipe 349.Fused salt is suitable Leave to sequence the southeast outlet 374 positioned at Nan Jiao and southwestern face outlet 384.This temperature of molten salt is of about 1050 °F, and directly Connect and be transported in fall flow tube 322 with pipe.This fall flow tube works at atmosheric pressure, and leads in air（Reference 404 table Show）.Then, this fused salt flows downward along tower under gravity, and reaches hot salt storage tank 302.This completes collection of energy Process.In hot melt salt, the heat energy of storage can judge according to effectiveness and use, to produce steam and electric power.For example, this passes through Fused salt is conveyed through heat exchanger 303 from hot salt storage tank 302 and completes.Then, colder salt enters cold salt storage tank 301.Water enters heat exchanger 303 and changes into steam.Steam can be delivered in the steam turbine 305 drive electromotor 307.

As explained herein and further describing, in certain embodiments, exit vessel may be at these faces and fall stream Between pipe.Although these pipelines are described as relatively straight runner, it will be appreciated by people skilled in the art that they Actual design on set-up mode and length by solar receiver run duration thermal expansion and shrinks the desired motion institute causing The elasticity needing（Motility）Degree and determine.Accordingly, it may be desirable to extra elbow and length are providing this elasticity.

Supporting construction 340 is illustrated with a set of foursquare crossbeam and longeron in the diagram.Top heat cover 394 and bottom heat cover 396 cover upper structural steel part and the lower structural steel part being located above and below tube panel 330.These are protected by heat cover 394,396 Uncooled part is from the spilling hot-fluid not reached on tube panel heat absorbent surface（The light deviateing from Jing Chang）Impact.These heat Cover extends around the periphery of solar receiver.One end of these heat covers or while being bolted or soldered to supporting construction 340, and another One end is freely.Hot cover Thin Specs steel is made, and has girth member inside it and along along free margins, in order to resist wind load and ground Shake load.These heat covers can also connect to provide extra hardness at each angle, thus avoids being attached to each pipe.Exist for heat Expand the surplus providing, so that bending is reduced or avoided.The sidepiece that heat covers on exposure is reflective（As painted white）And in inner side Do not isolate, to reduce operating temperature.Provide gap to allow the natural circulation of air between heat cover and tube panel, and enter Row cools down further.For reducing transportation clearance, heat cover can be installed at the scene.

With continued reference to Fig. 4, upper heating cover（oven cover）The upper header 400 in 393 these faces fenced and upper pipe bend, And the lower header 420 in lower heating cover 391 these faces fenced and lower pipe bend.These heating covers itself are by heat cover 394 and 396 （With reference to Fig. 3）Cover.Heating cover 391,393 preheating is not exposed to the region of the receptor tube panel assembling solar energy hot-fluid.Electricity adds Hot device is in order to pre- heat insulated tube screen elbow and collector.When starting, need to be preheated, to guarantee that salt connects being introduced into solar energy The all metals contacting with salt before receiving device are heated on the freezing point of salt, thus avoid salt to solidify, and salt solidification may lead to Blocking, and damage part.In this regard it is noted that heating cover can be the chest of rigid isolation, cabinet interior has There is electrical heater element, or alternatively, heating cover can be the soft lids such as isolation heating blanket.

Figure 15 is the cut-away side view of exemplary heating cover or heater box.The heater box 500 of Figure 15 description corresponds to Fig. 4's Lower heater box 391.A vertical post 502 and two of the supporting construction 340 linked appended by this heater box can be seen in detail in this figure Individual horizontal beam 504.This heater box is around the pipe bend 333 of the lower collector pipe 420 in this face and described pipe.Delivery pipe 422 is from this The bottom of lower collector pipe is drawn.

It is the bottom level support member 510 stretching out towards the direction away from vertical post 502 in the bottom of this heater box.Water Flat support member 512 also extends towards the direction away from vertical post 502 in heating box top.Girth member 514 is from top horizontal support member 512 lay to bottom horizontal support member 510.It is heat cover 396 outside heater box.Sealing coat 520 has substantially pentagonal shape Shape, and cover along this heat along girth member from top horizontal support member to bottom horizontal support member, through bottom level support member again And lay.The air gap 530 is there are between this sealing coat 520 and heat cover 396.Sealing coat has high R value and can be slightly Micro- thick（About 3 inches）.Sliding seal 532 is present between this heat cover 396 and pipe 332.Electric heater 540 is positioned this Inside heater box.These electric heaters are by sealing coat 520 cincture.It is contemplated that, it is possible to use four or five heaters, and And the size of these electric heaters can be such as 12 inches × 30 inches.

This heater box can make two independent parts.For example, heater box 500 can have the inner side being combined together 550 and outside 552.Inner side can split into two panels.Outside can be made up of a piece of.Junction surface（splice）560 be present in plus The top of hot tank, between top horizontal support member 512 and sealing coat 520 one end.Another junction surface 562 is along bottom water Flat supporting 510, between inner side 550 and outside 552.

As shown in figure 4, socketed stanchion support system 346 is in order to be attached to supporting construction 340 by each tube panel.This system is pipe Screen offer level（Laterally）Stability, allows each pipe independence and freedom ground vertically simultaneously（Axially）Expand, this decreases pipe Stress.All of tube panel is all that top is supported and is suspended in the supporting construction 340 within receptor.It should be noted that , it is in the collector of adjacent tube panel on each face of each level（Up/down）Laterally（Level）Separate.Separate the collection on each face Pipe can allow each tube panel differentially to expand, and this is necessary for reducing stress, because each tube panel 330 will be than previous tube panel Work in higher temperature.All of tube panel is made up of it is allowed to there be difference between Guan Yuguan thin-walled, loose, tangent pipe Expansion, and reduce pipe stress.The attachment of pipe allows tube panel free thermal expansion in the horizontal and vertical directions, thus eliminates Extra pipe stress.These design features make elasticity maximization, and so that thermal stress and the probability of pipe bending is minimized.These pipes Can be applied, such as painted black, to improve solar absorptance.To this end it is possible to use, light absorbing pitch-dark or black oxidation Thing.

Fig. 5 shows the internal pipeline setting being associated with the solar receiver shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.This solar energy connects Face/the tube panel receiving device can fully discharge and divulge information.Generally after the sun falls or solar energy is too low and do not made for this receptor Used time is discharged.Fused salt is at about 430 °F（221 DEG C, 494 ° of K）Shi Jinhang solidifies.If do not discharged, salt can solidify in pipe And block this receptor.As this in figure is seen, solar receiver can include the ventilation valve for each independent flow passage 406.This ventilation valve is usually located at the near top of fall flow tube 322, and in figure is also shown for for runner being connected to this fall flow tube Draft tube liner 416.

In figure is also shown for the flow control valve 408 for each independent flow passage.This flow control valve is automatically and independently adjusted The flow of section fused salt to control the final temperature of fused salt so as to reach given temperature when it exits runner.This flow control valve It is conventionally positioned at the porch cold salt being fed in runner.

This solar receiver can also include drain valve 410.It is both provided with a discharge typically for each pair tube panel Valve, and this drain valve is below tube panel.In figure is also shown for discharge pipe line 412, and it is connected to fall flow tube 322 so that depositing The fused salt being in tube panel is discharged and flows in fall flow tube 322.Ventilation valve, flow control valve and drain valve are automatizatioies.

As it was previously stated, each face is made up of one or more tube panels, each tube panel includes inlet header and outlet header.Tube panel quilt Alignment makes collector be arranged to the group being made up of lower collector pipe 420 and upper header 400.In figure is also shown between adjacent collector Jumper pipe 414.

Fig. 6 shows fused salt in solar receiver and flows through one of two independent flow passage i.e. by northeast Schematic diagram with the runner in southwestern face.First, inlet container 390 is located at the lower section in face 350,380（Each face all has four pipes Screen）.In figure is also shown for the jumper pipe 414 between tube panel.Upspout 324 provides sloppy heat salt in inlet container 390.Entrance Inlet container 390 is fluidly connected to northeast face entrance 352 by pipe 402.Northeast face outlet 354 is fluidly connected by bridging pipe 348 To southwestern face entrance 382.Southwestern face outlet 384 is fluidly connected to drop flow tube 322 by outlet 403.

Bypass line can also be included, this bypass line allows fused salt to pass through for inlet container 402 to be connected to fall flow tube 322 And completely around receptor face.Generally, starting to be preheated when this face and heating cover to reduce the risk that salt solidifies in tube panel When do so, or, do so at night, to keep the pipeline of tower warm thus avoiding heat tracing again.This bypass line 432 will Upspout 324 is connected to fall flow tube 322 in the upstream of inlet container 390.This bypass line may be at from same level relatively Near low level, or be in the tower placing solar receiver.Valve controls by the flow in bypass line.

It is not shown, but there is also the similar runner in the northwest and the southeast in solar receiver. Inlet container is fluidly connected to entrance in the northwest by second entrance container.It should be noted that generally having a public pipe from entering Mouth container out, then separates to be formed in order to feed the two entrances container of two runners.The outlet of this northwest passes through second Bridging pipe fluid is connected to the southeast entrance.The southeast outlet is fluidly connected to drop flow tube by second outlet pipe.Fused salt can be from Inlet container flows towards fall flow tube 322 via the in the northwest and southeast.

Fig. 7 A is the sidepiece amplification front elevation of this solar receiver, it illustrates multiple tube panels in face 320 in composition Fig. 3 730.Fig. 7 B is the perspective interior view of tube panel 730.In general, face 700 is formed by multiple tube panels 710, is shown in which four pipes Screen.Each tube panel includes one or more pipes 712 parallel to each other.These pipes 712 are applied in inlet header 714 and outlet header Between 716, to form body or wall 737, the solar energy focusing on from heliostat is directed into this body or wall 737. Using jumper pipe 702 between each tube panel 710（Also it is reference 414 in Figure 5）It is interconnected.These pipes are interconnected and form and run through The serpentine flow path of this receptor sidepiece, it is represented with arrow 705.Runner starts at face entrance 704, ties at face outlet 706 Bundle.It should be noted that if there are even number tube panel 710, face entrance 704 dough-making powder outlet 706 can be along the common first edges in face 700 708 or 744 positioning.Alternatively, if employing odd number tube panel, then face entrance 704 dough-making powder outlet 706 can be positioned In the opposite edges 708 and 744 of tube panel 700.In other words, this face entrance dough-making powder outlet can be only by the design requirement of receptor On the spot it is positioned at top 744 or bottom margin 708.As said, face entrance 704 dough-making powder outlet 706 can edge Top 744 positions.

As it was previously stated, inlet header is defined with respect to flow direction in this way.Accordingly, for tube panel 730, collector 731 are considered as inlet header, and collector 732 is considered as outlet header.However, for adjacent tube panel 740, collector 742 It is considered as inlet header, collector 741 is considered as outlet header.The collector of tube panel be also designated as upper header 731,741, 751st, 761 and lower collector pipe 732,742,752,762, wherein, upper header is positioned above lower collector pipe.In other words, a set of collector 732nd, 742,752,762 it is positioned in lower plane 708, and another set of collector 731,741,751,761 is positioned at plane 744 In.

Referring again to tube panel 730, pipe 736 forms body 737.These pipes separate nearer distance, and parallel to each other.As Shown in Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B, upper header 731 has width 733, and lower collector pipe 732 has width 734.The width 738 of body 737 is more than Collector width 733,734.In other words, the width of body 737 is more than lower collector pipe 732 and upper header 731.This width is in level Measurement on direction.The upper header of each tube panel and lower collector pipe have identical width.The width of body 737 and lower collector pipe or upper collection The ratio of the width of pipe 732,731 is at least 1.05：1, this scope can be from 1.05 to 1.5.The upper header of adjacent tube panel is horizontal Independent of one another to ground.The lower collector pipe of adjacent tube panel is also laterally independent of one another.As explained before, this allow tube panel with respect to Differentially expand each other, because they are with different temperature work.This also allows between the pipe in the maintenance of this face and tube panel Nearlyer pipe interval between interval identical, adjacent tube panel.

Reference picture 7B is it is noted that in each tube panel 710, pipe 712 is towards the direction ratio of elongation collection away from supporting construction The farther distance of pipe 714,716.In other words, these pipes are towards the outside biasing of collector.On the other hand, collector with respect to These pipes are towards inner side or inside, or can be described as built-in collector.Alternatively, if collector is compared to by tubular The plane becoming is inside solar receiver closer to these collectors are considered towards internal or inner side.Whole collector towards by The side of the plane that pipe is formed.

With reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 7 C, the collector location being in the face of northwest flowing quadrant and southeast flowing quadrant is higher than Northeastward flow quadrant and the collector in the face of southwest flowing quadrant at place.Thus, the collector in each face and pipe bend can overlap.This subtracts Lack the transportation clearance of this receptor, this takes into account truck transport ability and also allow to more easily enter inside receptor To keep in repair/to change each pipe.More generally, it is in the height different from the upper header in adjacent surface in the upper header in a face, And, it is also at the height different from the lower collector pipe in adjacent surface in the lower collector pipe in a face.It is true that the upper collection in a face Pipe and lower collector pipe are on the height different from adjacent upper header and lower collector pipe.Because the height of tube panel is usual and the height in face It is identical, this is it is meant that for example, if upper header location is higher than the quadrant that northeastward flows in northwest flowing quadrant The position of middle upper header, then next part during lower collector pipe location is also above the quadrant that northeastward flows in northwest flowing quadrant The position of pipe.This height is with respect to same level.

In fig. 7 c it can be seen that being used for the lower collector pipe 420 of in the northwest 360 and southwestern face 380.This collector has inner side 424（Close to supporting construction）With outside 426.Pipe 332 biases towards outside, there is pipe bend 333 to allow these pipes in collection Spaced apart in large area on pipe.It can also be seen that the jumper pipe 414 being located between tube panel.Collection in the northwest 360 Pipe location is higher than the collector location on southwestern face 380.These collectors are also inner header.

Fig. 8 A is the side view of tube panel 710, and Fig. 8 B is the amplification three-dimensional exploded view of this tube panel.Reflexive modularity tube panel keeps off Tabula rasa 770 is in the heat absorbing side with this tube panel（I.e. outside）The relative, behind of pipe 712.This light barrier be designed to protect every Layer 780, supporting construction（See the reference 340 in Fig. 4）Exempt from the inside of solar receiver and drench with rain and beat exposure, rain and Heat can be through the gap the loose positive Pipe Cutting of this tube panel.The modularized design of light barrier simplifies inspection and/or safeguards The disassembling section of period.Light barrier 770 is made up of one group of metallic plate, and light barrier scribbles white paint or other anti-in the side of pipe Penetrate material to return in pipe by light energy reflected and to reduce the operating temperature of light barrier.This light barrier is that pillar props up by pipe attachment structures Support system 346 supports.It is located at the postlaminar part that is in the light（I.e. inside solar receiver remotely）Covered by insulating layer material Interlayer 780.

Fig. 9 is the schematic plan in the face of the solar receiver similar with Fig. 3（I.e. viewed from above）.This solar energy Receptor has north（N）Angle 902 south relative with this Beijiao（S）Angle 904, the east between Beijiao 902 and southern angle 904（E）Angle 906, and the west relative with Dong Jiao（W）Angle 908.Here is it can be seen that Northeast Quadrant face 910, Northwest Quadrant face 920, the southeast Quadrant face 930 and Southwest Quadrant face 940.The quadrant entrance 912,922,932,942 in each face and quadrant outlet 914,924, 934th, 944 also mark.In this schematic diagram, four sidepieces are with rectangular configuration（There is the shape at four 90 ° of angles） Setting.However, it is possible to consider is that this solar collector can be configured to other shapes（I.e. square, circular, polygon）, And still it is segmented into four different quadrants.Southeast quadrant face outlet 934 and Southwest Quadrant face outlet 944 are at Nan Jiao In 904.Southeast quadrant face entrance 932 can be seen in eastern angle 906, and Southwest Quadrant face entrance can be seen in western angle 908 942.Entrance and exit for the southeast and Southwest Quadrant face is in upper plane or lower plane on request.

Figure 10 is the axonometric chart of the second exemplary embodiment of the solar receiver of the present invention.This embodiment is with Fig. 3's Embodiment is different, because this embodiment includes exit vessel 392.This exit vessel is located at inlet container（This in figure be can't see）'s The top of top dough-making powder 320.If including exit vessel, fused salt exits two independent runners, then flows into this exit vessel It is rather than directly into fall flow tube 322.The purpose of exit vessel is to ensure that all of solar receiver pipe is filled with salt（Avoid Siphonage）, and guarantee that dropping flow tube 322 is full of salt.By gravity, hot melt salt from exit vessel 392 along the fall flow tube 322 of tower to Dirty, reach hot salt storage tank（Not shown）.If fall flow tube blocking, this exit vessel can also store from inlet container Salt it is allowed to heliostat time deviate（Leave solar receiver）.Exit vessel can also be in order to set up the datum level of salt To indicate that this receptor fills with.Can be automatically controlled by the choke valve in fall flow tube in the liquid level in exit vessel.In figure In 10 it can also be seen that be inlet container 390, upspout 324, lower heat cover 396, tube panel 330, upper heat cover 394, top is passed through Platform 306, a part for supporting construction 340 and suspension bracket 344.

Fig. 6 shows the selectivity exit vessel 392 being represented by dotted lines.Fused salt is from southwestern face 380 via exit vessel 405 Reach exit vessel 392, fall of arriving soon after flow tube 322, it is rather than directly into fall flow tube 322.

The size of the quantity of tube panel and pipe is designed to for given solar receiver thermal rating and corresponding salt Flow provides and sufficiently cools down.However, the solar receiver of the present invention is intelligence, as long as and the metal temperature of pipe and should Power is acceptable, then the thermal rating according to required by solar receiver and corresponding salt flow, the different numbers of tube panel Amount and/or other pipe size are possible.Although Fig. 3 and Figure 10 shows foursquare solar receiver（With top view Form）But, can also be other plane geometric shapes：As circle, rectangle, hexagon, octagon, n side shape etc..Should When it is believed that square receptor provides the advantage maximizing heating surface area, volume is also less, and this decreases simultaneously Cost of transportation.It should be noted that square receptor is a kind of special circumstances of rectangular shape.

Because solar receiver is factory-assembled and horizontal positioned is transported（See Figure 14）, it is then mounted to vertically Position, it is therefore important that will align Pipe Cutting screen to provide sufficient propping up during two kinds of conditions and between two kinds of conditions Support.More specifically, it is desirable to provide the support of nonspecific horizontal plane, to solve due to taking place frequently band this receptor of transport in earthquake and determining The problem of this receptor of position, adapts to all expected thermal expansions, implements suitable pipe interval to guarantee " light tight " construction, supports Manufacturability, and support that scene is changed when needed.Positive Pipe Cutting support system is necessary for tube panel and provides enough supports.In figure 11st, some views of this struts are shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.Figure 11 is sectional view, and Figure 12 is top view, and Figure 13 is vertical Body figure.

As shown here, the pipe lug of part boxing（Joint）On the 1102 each pipes being used in tube panel 1100, and wherein, respectively Lug 1102 is positioned in the adjacent tubes with differing heights, has surplus between each pipe, to adapt to the consideration and the expectation that produce Guan Yuguan between temperature difference.As shown in figure 13, pipe lug 1102 is both provided with two holes, this holes receive pin 1104 with Be including on collect the catcher beam assembly 1110 of beam and lower collection beam 1114 and interconnection board 1118 and provide double-pin to connect, upper receipts Ji Liang and lower collection beam 1114 are both provided with receiving the corresponding aperture 1116 of pin 1104.Therefore, this embodiment is passed through to realize（n+ 1）Individual interfix pin 1104 and support the tube panel that is made up of n pipe, wherein, n is an integer, the number of pipe in expression tube panel Amount.Thus although the positioning being conducive to single pin to support can be there is many ways in which（Each lug）Design, but, this effect is still Can be similarly implemented by implementing single lug over each tube and proximally implement single pin over each tube（When When considering to produce required entire quantity）.Space between pipe lug 1102 and collection beam assembly 1110 is suitable for giving birth to again Temperature difference between the consideration produced and desired Guan Yuguan.

Two interconnection boards 1118 on each tube panel being supported pass through pin 1122,1124 and rotation connecting bar 1120 connects It is connected to connecting bar support ledge 1125, this connecting bar support ledge is attached to bent support element 1130, via structural steel 1132 It is attached to the vertical post including vertical supporting structure 340 again.By aforementioned system, perpendicular to the plane being limited by tube panel The power being applied on direction on each pipe can be supported effectively by structural steel.In addition, rotation connecting bar 1120 purposefully allows Rotation simultaneously therefore adapts to by the average thermal expansion of support tube panel as overall；Rotation connecting bar 1120 in the present embodiment is usually 1/2 amount is preset in this thermal expansion.Each is supported two of tube panel to collect beam assembly support ledge 1140 and is positioned at suitably Position makes collection beam assembly 1110 stretch in the average thermal expansion time delay of this tube panel, but can be still assembly, light barrier, interlayer simultaneously There is provided load path with the vertical static load of insulating barrier, effectively to be supported by this structural steel.

As Figure 11 is appreciable, damping guidance part 1142 is fixed on the middle part collecting beam assembly 1110（Axle by collector To）, and cantilever amortisseur 1144 is attached to bent support element 1130, and this bent support element 1130 is further through structural steel 1132 posts being attached to vertical supporting structure 340.By said system, acting axially on power on each pipe along collector can be by Structural steel efficiently supports, and allows suitable tube panel thermal expansion simultaneously.In addition, this shock mitigation system provides and is axially used for along collector The middle part positioning anchor point of thermal expansion.Although the Main Function of struts is fully to support tangent under all expectation load-up conditions Tube panel, also allows appropriate thermal expansion simultaneously, can also realize multiple other advantages by using the method.First, collect beam Assembly provides convenient support body, positioning light barrier, interlayer and thermal insulation layer on this support body.Secondly, this collection beam assembly reduces Cost and facilitate plant produced.Produce and group tubulature lug 1102, pin 1104, collection beam 1114 and interconnection plate 1118 Need the convenient fixture of subsidiary production process.This fixture is provisionally fixed to tube panel assembly and individuality in proper height Pipe lug 1102 is spot welded in correct position.When removing this fixture, pipe lug 1102 welding process completes, simultaneously for receiving Collection beam assembly provides equipped tube panel.

Pin 1122 and connecting bar 1120 system support that scene is changed.By removing associated manifold/pipeline connections, unloading two The vertical support bar of individual collector and unload away from two nearer pins 1122 of the supporting construction being in each positive Pipe Cutting bearing height, these Tube panel can be kept completely separate with vertical supporting structure（When considering single tube panel）.Due to they be in advance light barrier, every Layer and the outside of insulating barrier, so the invention provides remove tube panel to carry out the convenient method of scene replacing.

The element remaining of the present invention being not directed in above-mentioned design is located at the part boxing pipe in each offset height Lug 1102 designs, each lug two pin 1104 Support Positions are provided it is allowed to（n+1）Individual interfix pin is individual just by n to support The tube panel of Pipe Cutting composition.

With reference to Figure 13, if it is desired, collect beam assembly 1110 and can include different planforms.For example, it is possible to not make With formed each collect beam 1114, can a pair length of warpage or bending under gravity rectangular bar, but, collection beam 1114 corners that can include harder 90 degree.Then, on a leg at each angle setting hole 1116 more likely with lug Hole alignment in 1102, facilitates the installation of pin 1104.Other legs at these angles can orient towards vertical support member 340.Can replace Change ground, it is possible to use such single structure T-shaped：The vertical part of wherein T-shaped（stem）It is positioned between each deviation pipe lug 1102, Hole 1116 in order to receive pin 1104 is disposed therein, the transverse part of this T-shaped（bar）Position towards vertical support member 340.

Cantilever hollow structure shape（HSS）Amortisseur 1144 and cantilever hollow structure shape bent support element 1130 can be with classes Realized using W shape or other support shape like mode.This allows more typical case's attachments of structural steel, and should be easier Ground allows the bent support element 1130 of positive Pipe Cutting support system to be used for other purposes of structural steel.Each part can by carbon steel or The material such as other rustless steel or other steel alloy is made.

Referring now to Figure 14, solar receiver can be transported using transport fixture 1400.Except as transport Outside instrument, this transport fixture can be used for this solar receiver of factory-assembled, and it guarantees ought hold up this at the scene Act is suitably risen, it is to avoid receptor is impaired during receptor.This transport fixture is by a series of beams forming basic structural elements 1410 and track 1420 constitute, solar receiver transports in orbit.Bracket 1430 is present in of this transport fixture End, to support this solar receiver（Reference is 1440）Bottom.

With reference to Fig. 4, suspension bracket 344 is in top or the valley of this solar receiver, to facilitate the replacing of pipe or tube panel.Logical Enter the bottom that platform 306 is present in this face/tube panel, another be passed through the top that platform is present in this face/tube panel.Each platform can also It is positioned on the height of each pillar.

Figure 16 is the zoomed-in view at this supporting construction 340 top.Safeguard that beam 600,602 is attached to for two and be positioned at this sun The structural steel of the supporting construction 340 above energy receptor.For for reference, upper heat cover 394 is visible.Hinge will safeguard that beam connects To supporting construction.These safeguard that beam, in order to support the scaler from same level, is examined with the outside reaching this face/tube panel Look into or repair.

Figure 17 A to Figure 17 D depicts the view of the use safeguarding beam at each position.Figure 17 A illustrate only dimension Guard beam and these safeguard the axonometric chart of radian that beam can pivot.Illustrated therein is two and safeguard beam 600,602, a beam is another The mirror image of one beam.Each maintenance beam shown in this figure is formed by elongated base arm 610 and angled top arm 620.One end of each arm It is positioned between two plates 630.These plates have setting to form three holes at square three angles.One of hole 632 connects Receive joint pin 640, and work as pivot part, this maintenance beam can pivot around this pivot part.This hole 632 is along along this plate Line is arranged.Two other hole 634,636 in order to receive stop pin 650 so that this maintenance beam is locked in one of three positions, This two holes are it is also contemplated that as lock hole.Plate lock hole 634 is in the central region of this plate.Plate hinge hole 632 is along this plate Center line and edge setting.Plate lock hole 636 is in the edge of this plate and the corner at the same edge of plate hinge hole 632.Respectively safeguard beam Can pivot around at least 180 ° of radian.This bottom arm 610 comprises three holes on one wire, and swivel pin is in this bottom arm In centre bore.In the figure, safeguard that beam is in the stowed position offseting with this supporting structure.

Figure 17 B show be in stowed position safeguard the plate 630 of beam 600 and the top view of bottom arm 610.This plate 630 extend from supporting structure 340.This in figure can see three holes in bottom arm 610.Also referring to Figure 17 A, stop pin Inserted by plate lock hole 636 and bottom arm aperture 614.Joint pin passes through lock hole 632 and bottom arm aperture 612 is inserted.Bottom arm Hole 616 and plate lock hole 634 are empty.Bottom arm aperture 616 is close to the end of bottom arm 610.

Figure 17 C shows the top view safeguarding beam 600 being on second service position.This maintenance beam is directed away from this The direction of supporting structure extends beyond the tube panel being in a flowing quadrant.Also referring to Figure 17 A, lock pin 650 is locked by plate Determine hole 636 and bottom arm aperture 616 is inserted.Bottom arm aperture 614 and plate lock hole 634 are empty.

Figure 17 D shows the top view safeguarding beam 600 being on first service position.This maintenance beam is directed away from this The direction of supporting structure extends beyond the tube panel being in different from a flowing quadrant of the quadrant that flows in Figure 17 C.Also join According to Figure 17 A, lock pin 650 passes through plate lock hole 634 and bottom arm aperture 616 is inserted.Bottom arm aperture 614 and plate lock hole 636 are empty 's.

Although it should be noted that Figure 17 B to Figure 17 D is shown only for the position of the lock pin of bottom arm 610, such as scheming 17A sees, it is contemplated that, lock pin 650 and joint pin 640 are also used for top arms 620.

This solar receiver will may include in order to the hot face of measurement pipe and fluid temperature (F.T.), the heat flux on tube panel and reception The possible tension force of each part of device, deflection and thermal expansion, and other instrument requiring measurement.This instrument is not specifically drawn And display.

Therefore it will be understood that, the present invention is provided to have and is received with properties solar energy heat, that cost benefit is good Device designs.This design is inexpensive, and can carry out factory-assembled in producing environment in enormous quantities.Its size allows just In the range of often truck transport limits（Truck width is less than 13 feet, and whole height is less than 12 feet 6 inches, and entire length is less than 35 feet）Carry out truck transport.Relatively low weight reduction cost of transportation and installation cost.This solar receiver designs Become to have high reliability and long-lived, operation under the service condition of high circulation simultaneously, this solar receiver can also Bear the impact that daily startup, closing and temporary transient obnubilation cover, without being damaged by low-cycle fatigue.

With reference to exemplary embodiment, invention has been described.It is evident that other people reading and can understand It is modified on the basis of previous embodiment and modification.It means when they fall in claims and its are equal to When in the range of thing, the present invention is construed to including these modifications and modification.

Claims (23)

1. a kind of modularity fused salt solar receiver, including：

Four heat-transfer areas, each described face includes entrance, outlet and multiple tube panel, and each described tube panel includes at least one pipe, enters Mouth collector and outlet header；

Described four faces are arranged on the outside of supporting structure to form northeast flowing quadrant, northwest flowing quadrant, southeast flowing Quadrant and southwest flowing quadrant, each of these quadrants is formed by single face, and the described tube panel in each face is oriented institute State collector to be positioned in plane and lower plane, wherein the described collector in each described plane is laterally independent of one another, and its In, described face fluidly connects to form two independent runners, and a runner only includes described northeast flowing quadrant and described west South flowing quadrant, another runner only includes described northwest flowing quadrant and described southeast flowing quadrant, this two described runners Entrance is located on the same angle being formed by two adjacent described faces；And

The upper heat cover of the collector of fenced described tube panel in described upper plane；Fenced described pipe in described lower plane The lower heat cover of the collector of screen；By the fenced upper heater box of described upper heat cover；And by the fenced lower heater box of described lower heat cover.

2. solar receiver as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that described solar receiver be factory-assembled simultaneously And truck transport can be used.

3. solar receiver as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that be located on described solar receiver is each described The described collector of tube panel is towards inside.

4. solar receiver as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that a described face in described upper plane Upper header and the lower collector pipe present position being located in described lower plane are higher than the described upper header of adjacent surface and described lower collector pipe institute Place position.

5. solar receiver as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described face is set with rectangle or foursquare construction Put.

6. solar receiver as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that further including exit vessel, hold by described outlet Device is fluidly coupled to the downstream of described tube panel.

7. it is characterised in that further including inlet container, described entrance holds solar receiver as claimed in claim 1 Device is fluidly connected to the upstream of described tube panel.

8. solar receiver as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that each tube panel passes through socketed stanchion support system along pipe Screen height and by top braces and be connected to described supporting structure.

9. a kind of modularity fused salt solar receiver, including：

Four heat-transfer areas, each described face includes entrance, outlet and multiple tube panel, and wherein, each described tube panel includes multiple pipes, upper collection Pipe and lower collector pipe, described pipe forms the body wider than described upper header and described lower collector pipe, so that described body is extended beyond described Upper header and the lateral end of described lower collector pipe；

Described four faces are arranged on the outside of supporting structure to form northeast flowing quadrant, northwest flowing quadrant, southeast flowing Quadrant and southwest flowing quadrant, each of these quadrants formed by single face, and wherein, each described face is connected with shape on fluid Become two independent runners, a runner includes described northeast flowing quadrant and described southwest flowing quadrant, and another runner bag Include described northwest flowing quadrant and described southeast flowing quadrant；The entrance of this two described runners is located at described in adjacent two On the same angle that face is formed；And

The upper heat cover of the fenced collector of described tube panel in upper plane；The collector of fenced described tube panel in lower plane Lower heat cover；By the fenced upper heater box of described upper heat cover；And by the fenced lower heater box of described lower heat cover.

10. solar receiver as claimed in claim 9 it is characterised in that the width of described body and described upper header or Ratio between the width of described lower collector pipe is at least 1.05：1.

11. solar receivers as claimed in claim 9 are it is characterised in that each tube panel on described solar receiver Described collector towards inside.

12. solar receivers as claimed in claim 9 are it is characterised in that the described upper header in a described face and described Lower collector pipe present position is higher than the described upper header of adjacent surface and described lower collector pipe present position.

13. solar receivers as claimed in claim 9 are it is characterised in that further include：

Inlet container；And

Described inlet container is fluidly connected to the suction line of two adjacent flow quadrant face entrances.

14. solar receivers as claimed in claim 13 are it is characterised in that further include：Upper positioned at described tube panel Exit vessel above collector and the outlet line that described exit vessel is fluidly connected to two adjacent flow quadrant face outlets.

15. solar receivers as claimed in claim 14 are it is characterised in that further include：Fall flow tube, and by two phases Adjacent flowing quadrant face outlet is fluidly coupled to the outlet line of described fall flow tube.

16. solar receivers as claimed in claim 14 are it is characterised in that further include：Upspout and bypass line, Described upspout leads to described inlet container, and described upspout is connected to fall flow tube by described bypass line.

A kind of 17. fused salt solar power systems, including：

Vertically supporting structure；

It is positioned at the middle part solar receiver on described vertical supporting structure；Described middle part solar receiver includes：

Four faces, each face includes multiple tube panels, and each described tube panel includes multiple pipes, upper header and lower collector pipe, each described tubular Become the body wider than described upper header and described lower collector pipe, the upper heat cover of the fenced collector of described tube panel in upper plane； The lower heat cover of the fenced collector of described tube panel in lower plane；By the fenced upper heater box of described upper heat cover；And by institute State the fenced lower heater box of lower heat cover；

Described four faces are arranged on the outside of supporting structure to form northeast flowing quadrant, northwest flowing quadrant, southeast flowing Quadrant and southwest flowing quadrant, each of these quadrants is formed by single face, wherein, described tube panel fluid connects to be formed Two independent runners, a runner only includes described northeast flowing quadrant and described southwest flowing quadrant, and another runner only wraps Include described northwest flowing quadrant and described southeast flowing quadrant, the entrance of this two described runners is located at described in adjacent two On the same angle that face is formed；

Multiple heliostats around this vertical supporting structure setting；

It is configured to fused salt is fed to the cold storage tank of described middle part solar receiver；And

It is configured to receive the hot storage tank of the fused salt from described middle part solar receiver.

18. fused salt solar power systems as claimed in claim 17 are it is characterised in that further include to receive from described The steam generating system of the fused salt of hot storage tank.

19. fused salt solar power systems as claimed in claim 17 are it is characterised in that described solar power system includes Multiple vertical supporting structures, are positioned with middle part solar receiver on each described vertical supporting structure.

20. fused salt solar power systems as claimed in claim 17 are it is characterised in that on described solar receiver The described collector of each described tube panel is towards internal.

21. fused salt solar power systems as claimed in claim 17 it is characterised in that one flowing quadrant in tube panel Described upper header and described lower collector pipe present position be higher than the described upper header of tube panel in adjacent flow quadrant and described Lower collector pipe present position.

22. fused salt solar power systems as claimed in claim 17 it is characterised in that the width of described body with described under Ratio between the width of collector or described upper header is at least 1.05：1.

23. fused salt solar power systems as claimed in claim 17 are it is characterised in that described upper header and described lower collector pipe Side biasing towards the plane being formed by the plurality of pipe.