CN103837912B - The lens of non-traditional use and catoptron - Google Patents
The lens of non-traditional use and catoptron Download PDFInfo
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- CN103837912B CN103837912B CN201410113988.2A CN201410113988A CN103837912B CN 103837912 B CN103837912 B CN 103837912B CN 201410113988 A CN201410113988 A CN 201410113988A CN 103837912 B CN103837912 B CN 103837912B
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- light beam
- outgoing
- annulus
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- catoptron
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Abstract
The present invention relates to optical engineering, optoelectronics, Laser Devices and laser technology field.Mainly adopt optical glass, optical crystal and noncrystal solid-state material to make lens and catoptron, surface is divided into annulus and the circle by axle, the film of subregion, surface plating different reflectivity, light is incident and outgoing from surface, it is characterized in that one or more perhaps multiple light beam is incident along the past surface curvature center to minute surface, incident beam reflects between the front and rear surfaces of concave-convex lens and plano-convex lens, and the reflection on two surfaces is that a track that is oval or a line carries out by the track of reflection spot on two sides.One or more or many light beams, from two surperficial outgoing, are the beam combinations of all light beams from the light beam of front and rear surfaces central authorities outgoing, from central authorities incident have the light beam of certain angle of divergence can be distributed to all outgoing beams to go.When lens are biconvex lens, be along the parallel light beam of axle from incident beam above, except the incidence place reflectivity of the border circular areas outer light beam by axle is zero.Said lens is referred to as non-traditional lens, is then referred to as non-traditional catoptron when its rear surface is fully reflecting surface.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optics, optical engineering, optoelectronics, laser instrument and laser technology field.
Background technology
Spherical optical lens and catoptron are the most basic optical elements, have a wide range of applications at optics, optical engineering, opto-electronics.In order to expand their range of application, people have employed uniform coated technology to lens and catoptron, two plane-parallel multiple-beam interference technology, make lens and catoptron obtain many application newly, have particularly adapted to the application of laser field and spectral range.In addition, people additionally use the range of application carrying out spread reflection mirror from axle transmission technology between catoptron.Non-homogeneous coating technique mainly adopts anti-Gauss's film at laser field.For expanding in lens and catoptron range of application, application for a patent for invention file " Axially-symmetricallconcurrent concurrent combination He-Ne laser " (application number: 201110411666.2) propose and utilize the subregion uniform coated endless belt on lens two surface or the multiple reflections between regional area and two surfaces to realize the combination of He-Ne laser instrument.But in this technology of this Combination application, only refer to the multiple reflections from rims of the lens to central authorities, face center full impregnated area pellucida injection after the lens, do not relate to the track of the reflection spot of light beam on two surfaces, the relation of light beam between the outgoing and light beam of front surface, the phase-locked combination of laser array can not be solved.Complete, deep, the summary of the invention of showing true rule of the lens of non-traditional use and catoptron, can increase new content for the application of lens and catoptron.
Summary of the invention
It is the annular zone of axis of symmetry one by one with the axis of lens that the lens of non-traditional use and two of catoptron spherical face are divided into, the region of close axle is border circular areas, the number of the annular region on two spheres, width, the size of position and reflectivity designs all as required, one or more light beam perhaps multiple light beam is incident from the region of the surface of sphere or multiple region, then reflect between two surfaces, then minute surface is left from the region on two surfaces or multiple region, reflection spot generally should drop on total reflection region except special needs, it is characterized in that the reflection of incident beam on two surfaces is is one oval by the track of two reflection spots on the surface, or one is round, or one the line orientation determined carry out, be reflected into once between two surfaces, repeatedly or infinite time, be further characterized in that the outgoing of light beam not only can be entreated and other regions in the back surface, also appear at the middle section of front surface and each annular zone especially.The surface structure of such lens and overall working method are all significantly different from conventional lenses, uniform films lens, and such lens are the lens of the non-traditional use of indication of the present invention.When the rear surface of such lens is fully reflecting surface, be the catoptron of non-traditional use of the present invention.We can design lens and the catoptron of the non-traditional use of practicality miscellaneous, its purposes be tradition use lens, catoptron and evenly face lens and catoptron institute inaccessiable.They are specially adapted to the such problem of the phase-locked combination of multiple laser array.
The lens of non-traditional use and the principle of work of catoptron as described below.The paraxial reflection of incident beam between two minute surfaces, identical rule is had with the reflection of light beam between two traditional mirror mirrors be separated, this rule by we test confirm, namely the track of the reflection spot of light beam on the lens of non-traditional use and the lens face of catoptron is generally an ellipse, if the initial position of incident beam in the right angle reference frame o-x-y of mirror front surface place plane and slope suitable, then its elliptical orbit on minute surface becomes a circle, if the displacement of incident beam in x direction and slope are zero, then elliptical orbit is turned into a straight path.Meanwhile, regulation light beam both can leave at lens front surface, also can leave at the endless belt of rear surface, middle position, and this is propose according to actual needs, also sets up in principle.For the catoptron of non-traditional use, light beam incidence and outgoing are at same minute surface.
Be easy to realize to lens and catoptron subregion plating uniform films, when endless belt width is minimum, its plated film homogeneity may be weaker, but some use the transmitance of object to film to there is a usage range.The laser array of rotational symmetry distribution; the laser instrument that axis is positioned at arbitrary longitudinal profile is easy to meet the condition that incident beam or initial beam only exist radial displacement and radial slope; namely incipient beam of light only has starting point from the Distance geometry light beam of axle relative to the slope of axis of symmetry; thus can be considered and meet the condition that the displacement of x direction and slope are zero, therefore the reflection-point trajectory of light beam on minute surface can be linear track always.Linear track is also a kind of elliptical orbit, and light beam is accurately returned to the position of former starting point and slope and starts the round-trip transmission of a new round linearly shape track after reflection many times.When light beam has certain angle of divergence; not only when indivedual or portions incident light beam or initial beam the displacement of x direction and x direction slope in allowable value scope but also non-vanishing time; reflection-point trajectory can be one close to the elliptical orbit of linear track, bring positive effect can to the combination of array.
In appended drawings: this figure is a longitudinal profile schematic diagram, 1 is the front surface of lens, and it is plane or concave surface; 2 is rear surfaces of lens, and 4 and 5 is the point on two part reflectance coating annuluses respectively, and 4 are positioned at the first annulus, and 5 are positioned at the second annulus; 3 and 6 is part reflectance coating border circular areas, and all the other departments portion are total reflection district.Light beam 7,8,9,10,11 is incidence, reflection and outgoing beam.If the radius-of-curvature of front and rear surfaces is respectively ρ
1,ρ
2, the thickness of lens is d, when Current surface is concave surface, and ρ
1symbol be negative.The incidence point of light beam 7 and 11 is r to the distance of the axis of lens
0 (5), the incidence point of light beam 8 and 10 is r to the distance of the axis of lens
0 (4), the bundle axis incidence point of light beam 9 is then zero to the distance of the axis of lens.For meeting near-axial condition, we get the subtended angle θ of adjacent two reflection spots to coordinate origin is a less value.Due to incident beam 7 and the vertical incidence of 8 pairs of plane surfaces or the incidence to recessed surface by front recessed surface curvature center, then they are zero or only in longitudinal profile shown in the drawings to the inclination of mirror axle, thus the distance on the front surface from axle after coming and going for n time between two surfaces is then respectively and.Work as n=m, when m θ equals 90 degree, arrive axial location, and continue round-trip transmission between two minute surfaces, until they arrive the r of symmetric position respectively
0 (5)and r
0 (4), sections transverse outgoing and part reflection, folded light beam turns back to starting point along original optical path again, and has part outgoing and reflection, and reflected light repeats a front behavior.They are when proceeding to two face center of mirror, be then with an angle exit portion light splitting respectively, therefore light beam 7 and 8 is slightly differentiated in the outgoing orientation of middle section and position.But when incident, outgoing beam 9 is as when having a light beam of certain angle of divergence, although the angle of divergence can be very little, he is a containing light beam to incidence, outgoing 7 and 8, namely incident beam 7 and 8 when central outgoing and outgoing 9 merge into same light beam 9, and outgoing beam 7 and 8 is parts of incident 9, therefore light beam 9 is light beams that an incidence and outgoing all can be contained light beam 7 and 8.When light beam 7 and 8 also has a small divergence angle, they then more easily contain with 9, and namely the segment beam of light beam 9 will enter into the transmission path of 7 and 8 respectively and overlap with 7 and 8 or almost coincide together respectively.In like manner, light beam 11 and light beam 7, it is full symmetric that light beam 10 distributes with the behavior of light beam 8.But when m θ is only approximately equal to 90 degree, said circumstances is slightly differentiated.According to the transmission matrix of light beam between two minute surfaces and the transformation matrix of transmission, we can determine that light beam 7 and 8 is when the outgoing of front surface central authorities and the angle of axle.Due to axial symmetry, incident, outgoing beam 9 by be included on front surface first annulus, the second annulus and similar more annulus outgoing, incident beam.When employing measure makes folded light beam 7,8,10,11 and folded light beam 9 also contain, just significant application can be produced, the phase-locked combination of such as laser array.The outgoing beam on surface is also symmetrical light beam after the lens.Can there be the situation being similar to front surface lens rear surface, generally staggers in the annulus on two sides.Suitable design just can produce more significant application, and these light beams all can be made to have the very little angle of divergence, and they are even in same level with the angle of divergence of laser.When lens front surface in accompanying drawing is convex ball surface, it then represents a biconvex lens, now light beam 7,8,9,10,11 is parallel to incidence and the outgoing beam of the axis of lens, 3,4,5 is clear area, and 6 is fractional transmission district, and all the other districts are total reflection district, light beam 9 contains 7,8,10,11 etc., but the light beam of adjacent ring does not generally contain mutually, but all by 9 contain, rear surface central authorities outgoing be also a symmetrical distribution light beam.When the rear surface of mirror is a fully reflecting surface in figure, be the catoptron of a non-traditional use, the content that upper anterior face provides also is applicable to it.
When θ is minimum, incident beam 7 and light beam 8 contain each other, and in the accompanying drawing of longitudinal profile, all light beams will contain each other.When light beam 7 or 8 has the small skew perpendicular to accompanying drawing longitudinal profile, they can mainly contain at the light beam in longitudinal profile with bundle axis mutually, and the part adjacent beams generating portion that also can be positioned at outside longitudinal profile with bundle axis contains.
Example; Get ρ
1for infinity, ρ
2=21000mm, d=29.2mm, if front surface first endless belt center and the second endless belt center are respectively r from the distance of mirror axle
0 (4)=14.08mm, r
0 (5)=25mm, the width of endless belt is 6mm, and the radius of the disc of front and rear surfaces central authorities is 4mm, and two endless belt and Liang Ge center disc are part reflection face, and all the other are total reflection face everywhere.Then θ=4.274005766
0, m=21, then light beam 7 comes and goes then from wheelbase r through 19 between minute surface
19≈ 3.8mm place is from the disc part reflectance coating district part outgoing of front and rear surfaces central authorities, and light beam 8 comes and goes then from wheelbase r through 19 times
19≈ 2.2mm place is from the disc part reflectance coating district part outgoing of front and rear surfaces central authorities, and light beam 7 and 8 is inner at minute surface when intermediate surface outgoing is respectively 0.03(rad with the slope of axle) and 0.017(rad), to the slope value approximately equal moved ahead with go backward.And light beam 7 comes and goes through 13 times the center r reaching first ring behind endless belt center
13≈ 14.1mm, and be 0.026(rad at the incident slope at this place), therefore after the light beam 9 of central authorities enters lens, the angle of divergence is about 0.03rad, and the slope after light beam 7 and light beam 8 incidence is when 0.017-0.026rad, then light beam 9 will contain light beam 7 and light beam 8, therefore also contain light beam 10 and light beam 11, therefore all vertical incidence of two annular regions, outgoing beam will be included in.Due to the part that folded light beam is incident beam, with outgoing beam at the same space, can also among containing, through the optimization of design, all light beams of front surface and the outgoing beam of rear surface can very close to the angles of divergence of laser beam.When using concave-convex lens, then design object is easier to reach.When the rear surface of above-mentioned example is fully reflecting surface, just become the object lesson of the catoptron of a non-traditional application.
The material of the lens that making tradition uses and catoptron can be optical glass, optical crystal and optics amorphous material etc.
A kind of lens, its front surface 1 is plane, concave spherical surface is surperficial or convex spherical is surperficial, its rear surface 2 is convex spherical, its front surface is divided into the first annulus 4, second annulus 5, with the border circular areas 3 being positioned near axis, first, the plane of the border circular areas of the second annulus and center or concave surface are part reflecting face, and front surface when being convex surface these regions be transparent area, at front surface border circular areas, first annulus, region between second annulus and lap thereof are fully reflecting surface, its rear surface middle position border circular areas 6 is for part reflecting face and all the other regions are fully reflecting surface, light beam 9 is along the incidence of axis, reflection, outgoing, the light beam 8 of the first annulus and its symmetrical beam 10, the light beam 7 of the second annulus and its symmetrical beam 11, to plane or the incidence of concave surface partial vertical, reflection, outgoing, then be parallel to optical axis incidence to convex spherical, light beam is in the outgoing of mirror front and rear surfaces, it is characterized in that one, multiple perhaps multiple light beam is incident on these annuluses and middle position circle, it is that the orientation that a linear paths or an elliptical path are determined is carried out that the incident beam of annulus reflects by the track of the reflection spot on surface between two surfaces, light beam after several times or infinite secondary reflection from multiple annular region and the circle outgoing of face center position, the light beam of certain angle of divergence that has of front surface middle position border circular areas incidence enters each annulus and part outgoing after two surface reflections, outgoing beam and incidence there, outgoing beam spatially overlaps or substantially overlaps, the outgoing beam of front surface middle position border circular areas is each annular region incident beam beam combination at this place's part emergent light after several times or infinite secondary reflection.
A kind of catoptron, its front surface 1 is plane, concave spherical surface or convex spherical surface, its rear surface 2 is convex spherical, its front surface is divided into the first annulus 4, second annulus 5, with the border circular areas 3 being positioned near axis, first, the plane of the border circular areas of the second annulus and center or concave surface are part reflecting face, and when being convex surface, be transparent area, at border circular areas, first annulus, region between second annulus and lap thereof are fully reflecting surface, its rear surface is fully reflecting surface, light beam is the incidence along axis, reflection, outgoing beam 9, the light beam 8 of the first annulus and its symmetrical beam 10, the light beam 7 of the second annulus and its symmetrical beam 11, to concave surface or plane orthogonal incidence, reflection, outgoing, then be parallel to optical axis incidence to convex spherical, light beam is in the outgoing of mirror front surface, it is characterized in that one, multiple perhaps multiple light beam is incident on these annuluses and middle position circle, it is that the orientation that a linear paths or an elliptical path are determined is carried out that light beam reflects by the track of the reflection spot on surface between two surfaces, light beam after several times or infinite secondary reflection from multiple annular region and the circle outgoing of face center position, the light beam of certain angle of divergence that has of front surface middle position border circular areas incidence enters each annulus and part outgoing after two surface reflections, outgoing beam and incidence there, outgoing beam spatially overlaps or substantially overlaps, the outgoing beam of front surface middle position border circular areas is each annular region incident beam beam combination at this place's part emergent light after several times or infinite secondary reflection.
Claims (3)
1. the method for lens or catoptron structure, two surfaces of lens or catoptron are optical spherical surface, and the front surface of lens or catoptron is plane or concave surface, the part catoptrics film of lens two surface or catoptron front surface subregion plating different reflectivity, its lap is fully reflecting surface, partial reflectorized portions is the disc region of annular band region and center, light beam is incident from the front surface of lens or catoptron, then leave from lens surface or catoptron front surface, the feature of its construction method is that one or more light beam is from annular band region and the incidence of disc region, center, one or more light beam lens or catoptron two on the surface reflection be for oval by reflection spot path, circle, or the determined orientation of straight path is carried out, the outgoing of one or more light beam on lens is on both faces one, the annular band region of multiple or all planning, central authorities carry out in disc region, between two surface, the rear dispersion of reflection is there is enters each annular band region and outgoing in the incident beam in disc region, front surface center because it has certain angle of divergence, emergent light and incidence there, outgoing beam spatially overlaps substantially, the outgoing on the mirror of one or more light beam is each annular band region at its front surface, central authorities carry out in disc region.
2. lens, its front surface (1) is plane, concave spherical surface surface or convex spherical surperficial, its rear surface (2) is convex spherical, and its front surface is divided into the first annulus (4), the second annulus (5), and is positioned at the border circular areas (3) of near axis,
Current surface be plane or concave spherical surface time first, the border circular areas of the second annulus and center is part reflecting face, and Current surface is when being convex spherical first, the border circular areas of the second annulus and center is transparent area, at border circular areas, first annulus, region between second annulus and lap thereof are fully reflecting surface, its rear surface middle position border circular areas (6) is for part reflecting face and all the other regions are fully reflecting surface, along the light beam (9) of axis, the light beam (8) of the first annulus and its symmetrical beam (10), the light beam (7) of the second annulus and its symmetrical beam (11), to plane or the incidence of concave surface partial vertical, reflection, outgoing, then be parallel to optical axis incidence to convex spherical, light beam is in the outgoing of mirror front and rear surfaces, it is characterized in that one or more light beam on these annuluses and middle position circle to plane or the incidence of concave surface partial vertical, it is that the orientation that a linear paths or an elliptical path are determined is carried out that light beam reflects by the track of the reflection spot on surface between two surfaces, light beam through several times reflection after from the first annulus, second annulus and the circle outgoing of face center position, the light beam of certain angle of divergence that has of front surface middle position border circular areas incidence enters first ring shape district after two surface reflections, second annulus part outgoing, outgoing beam and incidence there, outgoing beam spatially overlaps or substantially overlaps, the outgoing beam of front surface middle position border circular areas is each annular region incident beam beam combination at this place's part emergent light after several times reflection.
3. a catoptron, its front surface (1) is plane, concave spherical surface or convex spherical surface, its rear surface (2) is convex spherical, its front surface is divided into the first annulus (4), second annulus (5), with the border circular areas (3) being positioned near axis, Current surface be plane or concave spherical surface time first, the border circular areas of the second annulus and center is part reflecting face, and Current surface is when being convex spherical first, the border circular areas of the second annulus and center is transparent area, at border circular areas, first annulus, region between second annulus and lap thereof are fully reflecting surface, its rear surface is fully reflecting surface, along the light beam (9) of axis, the light beam (8) of the first annulus and its symmetrical beam (10), the light beam (7) of the second annulus and its symmetrical beam (11), to plane or the incidence of concave surface partial vertical, reflection, outgoing, then be parallel to optical axis incidence to convex spherical, light beam is in the outgoing of mirror front surface, it is characterized in that one or more light beam on these annuluses and middle position circle to plane or the incidence of concave surface partial vertical, the reflection of light beam between two surfaces is that the orientation that a linear paths or an elliptical path are determined is carried out by the track of the reflection spot on surface, light beam through several times reflection after from annular region and the circle outgoing of face center position, the light beam of certain angle of divergence that has of front surface middle position border circular areas incidence enters each annulus and part outgoing after two surface reflections, outgoing beam and incidence there, outgoing beam spatially overlaps or substantially overlaps, the outgoing beam of front surface middle position border circular areas is each annular region incident beam beam combination at this place's part emergent light after several times reflection.
4., according to lens according to claim 2 or catoptron according to claim 3, the material that it is characterized in that making lens or catoptron is the noncrystal or optical crystal material of optics.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410113988.2A CN103837912B (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-03-26 | The lens of non-traditional use and catoptron |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410113988.2A CN103837912B (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-03-26 | The lens of non-traditional use and catoptron |
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| CN103837912A CN103837912A (en) | 2014-06-04 |
| CN103837912B true CN103837912B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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| CN106644945A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-05-10 | 铜陵谱敏光电科技有限公司 | Plano-convex mirror multi-pass absorption cell for preventing lens film corrosion and pollution |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102323663A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2012-01-18 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Laser radar signal receiving off-axis spherical reflection focusing optical system |
| CN102545030A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-07-04 | 四川大学 | Axially-symmetrically concurrent combination He-Ne laser |
| CN102769251A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-07 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Resonant cavity device, and system and device using resonant cavity device |
| JP2013519110A (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2013-05-23 | エシロール アンテルナシオナル （コンパニー ジェネラル ドプティック） | Lens manufacturing method for providing an optical display |
-
2014
- 2014-03-26 CN CN201410113988.2A patent/CN103837912B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013519110A (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2013-05-23 | エシロール アンテルナシオナル （コンパニー ジェネラル ドプティック） | Lens manufacturing method for providing an optical display |
| CN102769251A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-07 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Resonant cavity device, and system and device using resonant cavity device |
| CN102323663A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2012-01-18 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Laser radar signal receiving off-axis spherical reflection focusing optical system |
| CN102545030A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-07-04 | 四川大学 | Axially-symmetrically concurrent combination He-Ne laser |
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