CN103837368B - Joint coal petrography dry type is bored sample device and sampling method thereof - Google Patents
Joint coal petrography dry type is bored sample device and sampling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103837368B CN103837368B CN201410107871.3A CN201410107871A CN103837368B CN 103837368 B CN103837368 B CN 103837368B CN 201410107871 A CN201410107871 A CN 201410107871A CN 103837368 B CN103837368 B CN 103837368B
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Abstract
What the present invention relates to is that joint coal petrography dry type is bored sample device and sampling method thereof, wherein joint coal petrography dry type device of boring sample comprises cutter sweep and sampler, cutter sweep has cleavage block, cutting wall one end is connected with cleavage block, the cutting wall other end installs saw blade, is provided with arrangement for adjusting height between cleavage block and saw blade; Cleavage block also has cutting track, and slide rail base is connected with cutting track, and slide rail base is bidirectional sliding rail, and slide rail base along cutting rail moving, also can move along the direction perpendicular with cutting track, slide rail base is provided with base translation and controls handwheel; The center of slide rail base is provided with rotating disk, and rotating disk has handwheel, and rock sample is placed on rotating disk; Sampler comprises sampling base, clamping device, diamond sampling drill bit, openable transparent cover, refrigerating plant, blowning installation, exhaust fan.The present invention can effectively avoid the coal cinder caused because of unstable in Rock and coal cutting process to come off and coal petrography cracking, accurately can control again the cutting thickness of coal petrography, reach the object of precise cutting.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to be rock mechanics sample in the fields such as rock mechanics engineering, petroleum engineering, mining engineering prepare instrument, what be specifically related to is that joint coal petrography dry type is bored sample device and sampling method thereof.
Two, background technology:
Rock Mechanics Test is the key method of research earth's surface and underground deep layer physical-mechanical properties of rock, according to " coal and physical-mechanical properties of rock assay method " defined, rock physics mechanical test is conventional is cylindrical sample, and size mostly is Φ 25mm*50mm or Φ 50mm*100mm.But coal petrography has complex structure more, fragility is large, easily broken, squeezable character, and inside often deposit a large amount of through or not through, be interrupted or continuous print crack, its nonuniformity and anisotropy are very remarkable.Mechanics physical property not only on coal petrography vertical stratification direction and parallel bedding direction differs greatly, and the difference of its composition in same coal seam on different directions and different depth is also very large.Bedding is the first order weak interface of coal rock layer, and face cleat is time one-level weak interface.These weak interfaces have on the preparation of coal petrography sample, the test of mechanics physical property the impact that can not be ignored.
According to the indoor sampling method of routine, often there is following problem: 1, due to nonuniformity and the anisotropy of coal petrography, need to drill through sample to different directions during test to test, and the reason such as the out-of-shape of raw coal and clamping instability, result on sampling direction and often cause a deviation; 2, slight in drilling operation vibrations all may make coal sample ftracture along crack, cause and sample unsuccessfully, even if be successfully drilled to complete sample, will take out sample from coal in silid sillar, also very difficult, and the situation often causing damage to be drilled to sample occurs.3, coal petrography to temperature and water all very responsive, conventional sampler all needs to cool drill bit with water and carry landwaste outside, and coal sample is under the wetting emollescence of moisture, the cohesive force of the structural planes such as joint fissure reduces, the rigidity of coal body reduces, and plasticity strengthens, when which results in coal petrography sampling, can only sample with dry acquisition mode, namely the mode directly sampled not cooled to drill bit.But bore sample in process at drilled dry, sample bedding normal off splits or loose, and temperature of diamond bit is too high, and easily burnt and have impact on the character of rock sample, the sampling success ratio of this method is very low.These all make the test of coal bearing seams rock mechanics parameters become a difficult problem, significantly limit site operation progress, improve construction cost.
Three, summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide joint coal petrography dry type to bore sample device, it is for solving in current coal petrography sampling process, the problem that sampling success ratio is low, cost is high, present invention also offers this joint coal petrography dry type and to bore sample the sampling method of device.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: coal petrography dry type device of boring sample in this joint comprises cutter sweep and sampler, cutter sweep has cleavage block, cutting motor is arranged on the top of cleavage block, cutting wall one end is connected with cleavage block, the cutting wall other end installs saw blade, is provided with arrangement for adjusting height between cleavage block and saw blade; Cleavage block also has cutting track, and slide rail base is connected with cutting track, and slide rail base is bidirectional sliding rail, and slide rail base along cutting rail moving, also can move along the direction perpendicular with cutting track, slide rail base is provided with base translation and controls handwheel; The center of slide rail base is provided with rotating disk, and rotating disk has handwheel, and rock sample is placed on rotating disk; Rock sample clamp device is arranged on slide rail base four angles, it is by telescopic clamping limb and holder clamping rock sample, holder is perpendicular type, telescopic clamping limb is level, the vertical component of holder is fixedly connected with telescopic clamping limb, and the horizontal component of holder is tightened together with rock sample by bolt; Slide rail base has the thickness of cutting adjustable track perpendicular with cutting track, slide rail base is also provided with thickness of cutting control hand wheel;
Sampler comprises sampling base, clamping device, diamond sampling drill bit, openable transparent cover, refrigerating plant, blowning installation, exhaust fan, clamping device is arranged on fine setting track, fine setting track is fixed on sampling base, openable transparent cover is installed and is covered by clamp device, diamond sampling drill bit to be arranged on rock sample machine and to be in above transparent cover, and diamond sampling drill bit is corresponding with clamping device; Refrigerating plant is arranged on the exit of blowning installation and is connected with blow-out nozzle by pipeline, and blow-out nozzle arranges in transparent cover, and exhaust fan communicates with transparent cover.
In such scheme, arrangement for adjusting height is hydraulic stem; Slide rail base is lathe carriage.
In such scheme, clamping device is clamper, and there is the rubber blanket of 5-10mm inside.
In such scheme, refrigerating plant is small-sized air conditioner, and blowning installation is fan blower or air compressor.
Above-mentioned joint coal petrography dry type is bored sample the sampling method of device:
1, cut
A, observation coal petrography, determine required sample direction and fracture strike, be placed on the rotating disk of cutter sweep, fix with clamp device, open cutter sweep by direction by raw coal, movable roundabout place base cuts;
After b, first time cut, remove base, for size Φ 25mm*50mm sample, cutting thickness is regulated to be 27 ~ 28mm by cutting thickness regulating device, and then cut, obtain required rectangular parallelepiped coal sample, the thickness of rectangular parallelepiped coal cinder should be greater than drill bit internal diameter and be less than outside diameter, for size Φ 25mm*50mm sample, cutting thickness should be 27-28mm;
2, sample
A, firm for rock sample machine to be fixed on very smooth table top, and to open rock sample machine and observe its Vibration Condition, determine, steadily, diamond sampling drill bit is installed, and ensure that it cleans;
B, open transparent cover, fixed by rectangular parallelepiped rock sample with clamping device, and aim at diamond sampling drill bit, then enclosing cover, in coal petrography boring sample process, both sides respectively have the part drill bit of 1mm exposed outside sample all the time;
C, open refrigerating plant and blowning installation, when blow-out nozzle has cold air to spray, open rock sample machine and exhaust fan.
D, slowly transfer diamond sampling drill bit and carry out coal petrography sampling, the cold airflow of blow-out nozzle ejection can cooling diamond chisel bit and clean landwaste.
E, get into Len req after, close rock sample machine, refrigerating plant, blowning installation and exhaust fan, open transparent cover and clamping device, take off rock sample, cut with small electrical sawing, take out sample.
Beneficial effect:
1, the cutter sweep in the present invention is by being provided with base and the two-way clamping device of slide rail, strengthen the stability that out-of-shape coal petrography is cut, the coal cinder caused because of unstable in Rock and coal cutting process can be effectively avoided to come off and coal petrography cracking, accurately can control again the cutting thickness of coal petrography, reach the object of precise cutting.
2, in the present invention, cutter sweep, by arranging rotating disk on base, can carry out the cutting of different directions, obtain different directions rock sample, meet the requirement of test to coal petrography.
3, sampler of the present invention by arranging refrigerating plant, blowning installation, blow-out nozzle, exhaust apparatus in transparent cover, once form cooling air circulation system, can effective cleaning landwaste and dust, well can cool drill bit again, prevent it from burning drill bit because of temperature.
4, in sampler of the present invention, by arranging rubber blanket and fine setting track to clamping device, stability and the accuracy of device is strengthened.Rubber blanket can make the stressed more reasonable of coal petrography, prevents and causes the situation being caught broken sample to occur because of discontinuity; Fine setting track effectively can adjust the position relationship of rock sample and diamond head, avoids the generation of eccentric phenomena in drilling operation.
5, the present invention is by improving sampling method, adopting the exposed mode of bit part to creep into, effectively can get rid of landwaste, avoiding causing because of talus deposit sample to squeeze off or twisting off, can increase again the cooling effectiveness of cold air to drill bit when drilling through.
Four, accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cutter sweep in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sampler in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the relation schematic diagram of slide rail base, clamp device, rotating disk in cutter sweep of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that in Fig. 3, clamp device rotates;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of inventive sampling device sampling process.
1. cutting motor 2. saw blade 3. arrangement for adjusting height 4. cuts the translation of track 5. clamp device 6. rotating disk 7. slide rail base 8. thickness of cutting control hand wheel 9. base and controls handwheel 10. thickness of cutting adjustable track 11. rock sample machine 12. diamond sampling drill bit 13. clamping device 14. and finely tune track 15. transparent cover 16. refrigerating plant 17. blowning installation 18. blow-out nozzle 19. exhaust fan 20. and sample base 21. tank.
Five, embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further:
Coal petrography dry type device of boring sample in this joint comprises cutter sweep and sampler, cutter sweep has cleavage block, consult Fig. 1, cutting motor 1 is arranged on the top of cleavage block, and cutting motor 1 provides power, cutting wall one end is connected with cleavage block, the cutting wall other end installs saw blade 2, and be provided with arrangement for adjusting height 3 between cleavage block and saw blade 2, arrangement for adjusting height 3 is hydraulic stem, saw blade 2 can switch, and saw blade 2 is Height Adjustable; Cleavage block also has cutting track 4, and slide rail base 7 is connected with cutting track 4, and slide rail base 7 is bidirectional sliding rail, and slide rail base 7 can be by lathe carriage system; Consult Fig. 3, Fig. 4 slide rail base 7 to move along cutting track 4, also can move along the direction perpendicular with cutting track 4, namely can cut coal petrography along being parallel to saw blade 2 direction translation, also can slide along perpendicular to saw blade 2 direction, cutting the rock sample of precise thickness as requested; Slide rail base 7 is provided with base translation and controls handwheel 9; The center of slide rail base 7 is provided with rotating disk 6, and rotating disk 6 has handwheel, and rock sample is placed on rotating disk 6, can regulate cut direction, then clamped by coal petrography by clamp device 5 by rotating disk 6.Rotating disk 6 there is scale, rotary angle controllable.
Rock sample clamp device 5 is arranged on slide rail base 7 four angles, it is by telescopic clamping limb and holder clamping rock sample, holder is perpendicular type, telescopic clamping limb is level, the vertical component of holder is fixedly connected with telescopic clamping limb, the horizontal component of holder is tightened together with rock sample by bolt, rock sample clamp device 5 can rotate within the scope of 90o, not only there is clamping in the horizontal direction, and rock sample can be fixed in the vertical direction, so fixing rock that can be more firm, avoid rocking, two can be fixed rock in irregular shape, thus reach the object of precise cutting.When needing the rock sample cutting different directions, such as, be parallel to hugger direction and perpendicular to hugger direction, just can open clamp device 5, rotate rotating disk by handle, then clamp and cut.
Slide rail base 7 has the thickness of cutting adjustable track 10 perpendicular with cutting track, slide rail base 7 is also provided with thickness of cutting control hand wheel 8.Slide rail base 7 is arranged on above cutting track 4, and can control handwheel 9 by base translation and control cutting speed, slide rail base 7 controls the thickness of trepanning by thickness of cutting control hand wheel 8.
Cut out different directions sillar by cutter sweep, sillar thickness is greater than diamond sampling drill bit 12 internal diameter, is less than its external diameter.Drill axis and sillar thickness direction bisector are overlapped, like this when drilling through sample, will some drill bit exposed beyond sillar, this method can not produce counter productive to drilling operation.
Consult Fig. 2, sampler comprises sampling base 20, clamping device 13, diamond sampling drill bit 12, openable transparent cover 15, refrigerating plant 16, blowning installation 17, exhaust fan 19, clamping device 13 is clamper, there is the rubber blanket of 5-10mm inside, clamping device 13 be arranged on fine setting track on 14, fine setting track 14 is fixed on sampling base, the position that fine setting track 14 can regulate coal sample to cut; Transparent cover 15 can be opened by side, openable transparent cover 15 is installed and is covered by clamping device 13, diamond sampling drill bit 12 is arranged on rock sample machine 11 lower end and is in above transparent cover 15, adamas auger 12 is corresponding with clamping device 13, and diamond sampling drill bit 12 frees in and out by the hole above transparent cover 15; Refrigerating plant 16 is small-sized air conditioner, blowning installation 17 is fan blower or air compressor, refrigerating plant 16 is arranged on the exit of blowning installation 17 and is connected with blow-out nozzle 18 by pipeline, and blow-out nozzle 18 arranges in transparent cover 15, and exhaust fan 19 communicates with transparent cover 15.When drilling through, refrigerating plant 16, blowning installation 17 and exhaust fan 19 coupled together composition cooling air circulation system by transparent cover 15 to cool drill bit exposed part at a certain angle via blow-out nozzle 18 and remove landwaste simultaneously, in drilling operation, spray refrigerating gas by blow-out nozzle 18 like this to cool diamond sampling drill bit 12, landwaste and dust can also be cleaned simultaneously, the gas containing dust and chip is pumped out again by exhaust fan 19, and pass in tank 21, prevent the diffusion of dust.Simultaneously different from conventional bit, diamond sampling drill bit has multiple hole to increase the effect of discharging landwaste.
Be illustrated in figure 5 drilling operation schematic diagram, be of a size of Φ 25mm*50mm rock sample to drill through, diamond sampling drill bit 12 size of employing should be internal diameter 25mm, external diameter 30mm, length 10mm.Therefore the rectangular parallelepiped rock sample thickness obtained by cutter sweep should be 27-28mm, like this in the process drilled through, because rock sample thickness is greater than drill bit internal diameter, stablize at grip conditions, when vertically good, in drilling operation, part drill bit is exposed outside rock sample, the refrigerating gas sprayed by blow-out nozzle 18 just can be cooled drill bit, avoid that temperature of diamond bit is too high burns drill bit, the landwaste and dust cutting generation can also be cleaned, add the hole on diamond head, clean and cooling effect can be improved.Also should slow down drill speed in drilling operation, avoid creeping into the too fast test specimen caused and rock the situation generations such as the bit freezing caused not in time with chip removal.After rock sample successfully drills through, cutting taking-up can be carried out by direct micro-machine.
Above-mentioned joint coal petrography dry type bores sample the sampling method of device by cutter sweep and sampler two parts, tight linking two processes, make up in routine sampling effectively cannot avoid crack with precise cutting, not easily discharge the problems such as landwaste, and a kind of novel joint coal petrography cold gas sampling method formed, specific as follows:
1, cut
A, observation face, large coal rock stratum and hugger direction, be placed on the rotating disk 6 of cutter sweep as required in certain direction, fix rock with clamp device 5, by locked for thickness of cutting control hand wheel 8, prevent the skew in cutting process by coal petrography.Regulated the height of saw blade 2 again by arrangement for adjusting height 3 by rock height.
B, open cutting motor 1, rotating base translation controls handwheel 9, makes slide rail base 7 carry out translation along cutting track 4, cuts rock.Cut backed off after random saw blade 2, made slide rail base 7 translation 28mm by thickness of cutting control hand wheel 8 by scale, then by locked for thickness of cutting control hand wheel 8, repeat above-mentioned cutting process.
2, sample
A, rock sample machine 11 to be placed on stable cement surface, to open rock sample machine 11, observe shock conditions, check and whether steadily place, if sampling base 20 is steady, then should be fixed in more stably in rigid planar.Cleaning diamond chisel bit 12 also installs drill bit.
B, open transparent cover 15, check clamping device 13, open and coal petrography sample is fixed, whether vertically reexamine sample, if out of plumb, then should reconcile clamping device 13 and make it vertical.By fine setting track 14, sample is aimed at diamond sampling drill bit 12 after fixing, finally close transparent cover 15.
C, open refrigerating plant 16 and blowning installation 17, when after blow-out nozzle ejection refrigerating gas, open sampler 11 and exhaust fan 19.
If d said process is no problem, drill bit can be transferred and sample.
E, due to specimen surface may out-of-flatness, will slowly put down diamond sampling drill bit 12 during beginning, until drill bit is cut to inside coal petrography sample completely, working angles cools drill bit and clean landwaste and dust by the refrigerating gas that blow-out nozzle 18 sprays.
F, drilling process answer blunting of attention to drill through uniformly, avoid suddenly strengthening the faulty operation such as the pressure of the drill and acceleration.
G, after getting into required length, close rock sample machine 11, stop completely Deng diamond sampling drill bit 12, diamond sampling drill bit 12 is carried slowly, close refrigerating plant 16, blowning installation 17, exhaust fan 19, open transparent cover 15 and clamping device 13 takes off sillar, then carry out cutting with small-sized electric saw and take off gained rock sample.
Claims (5)
1. a joint coal petrography dry type is bored sample device, it is characterized in that: coal petrography dry type device of boring sample in this joint comprises cutter sweep and sampler, cutter sweep has cleavage block, cutting motor (1) is arranged on the top of cleavage block, cutting wall one end is connected with cleavage block, the cutting wall other end installs saw blade (2), is provided with arrangement for adjusting height (3) between cleavage block and saw blade (2); Cleavage block also has cutting track (4), slide rail base (7) is connected with cutting track (4), slide rail base (7) is bidirectional sliding rail, slide rail base (7) can be mobile along cutting track (4), also can move along the direction perpendicular with cutting track (4), slide rail base (7) is provided with base translation and controls handwheel (9); The center of slide rail base (7) is provided with rotating disk (6), and rotating disk (6) has handwheel, and rock sample is placed on rotating disk (6); Rock sample clamp device (5) is arranged on slide rail base (7) four angles, it is by telescopic clamping limb and holder clamping rock sample, holder is perpendicular type, telescopic clamping limb is level, the vertical component of holder is fixedly connected with telescopic clamping limb, the horizontal component of holder is tightened together with rock sample by bolt, and rock sample clamp device (5) can rotate within the scope of 90o; Slide rail base (7) has the thickness of cutting adjustable track (10) perpendicular with cutting track, slide rail base (7) is also provided with thickness of cutting control hand wheel (8);
Sampler comprises sampling base (20), clamping device (13), diamond sampling drill bit (12), openable transparent cover (15), refrigerating plant (16), blowning installation (17), exhaust fan (19), clamping device is arranged in fine setting track (14), fine setting track (14) is fixed on sampling base, openable transparent cover (15) is installed and is covered by clamping device (13), diamond sampling drill bit (12) is arranged on rock sample machine (11) and goes up and be in transparent cover (15) top, diamond sampling drill bit (12) is corresponding with clamping device (13), refrigerating plant (16) is arranged on the exit of blowning installation (17) and is connected with blow-out nozzle (18) by pipeline, and blow-out nozzle (18) arranges in transparent cover (15), and exhaust fan (19) communicates with transparent cover (15).
2. joint according to claim 1 coal petrography dry type is bored sample device, it is characterized in that: described arrangement for adjusting height (3) is hydraulic stem; Slide rail base (7) is lathe carriage.
3. joint according to claim 1 and 2 coal petrography dry type is bored sample device, it is characterized in that: described clamping device (13) is clamper, and there is the rubber blanket of 5-10mm inside.
4. joint according to claim 3 coal petrography dry type is bored sample device, it is characterized in that: described refrigerating plant (16) is small-sized air conditioner, and blowning installation (17) is fan blower or air compressor.
5. a joint according to claim 1 coal petrography dry type is bored sample the sampling method of device: it is characterized in that: coal petrography dry type the bore sample sampling method of device in this joint is as follows,
One, cut
A, observation coal petrography, determine required sample direction and fracture strike, be placed on the rotating disk of cutter sweep by direction by raw coal, fix with clamp device (5), open cutter sweep, movable roundabout (6) place base cuts;
After b, first time cut, remove base, for size Φ 25mm*50mm sample, cutting thickness is regulated to be 27 ~ 28mm with cutting thickness control hand wheel, and then cut, obtain required rectangular parallelepiped coal sample, the thickness of rectangular parallelepiped coal cinder should be greater than drill bit internal diameter and be less than outside diameter, for size Φ 25mm*50mm sample, cutting thickness should be 27-28mm;
Two, sample
A, firm for rock sample machine (11) to be fixed on very smooth table top, and to open rock sample machine (11) and observe its Vibration Condition, determine, steadily, diamond sampling drill bit (12) is installed, and ensure that it cleans;
B, open transparent cover (15), fixed by rectangular parallelepiped rock sample with clamping device (13), and aim at diamond sampling drill bit (12), then enclosing cover, in coal petrography boring sample process, both sides respectively have the part drill bit of 1mm exposed outside sample all the time;
C, open refrigerating plant (16) and blowning installation (17), when blow-out nozzle has cold air to spray, open rock sample machine (11) and exhaust fan (19);
D, slowly transfer diamond sampling drill bit (12) and carry out coal petrography sampling, the cold airflow that blow-out nozzle (18) sprays can cooling diamond chisel bit (12) and clean landwaste;
E, get into Len req after, close rock sample machine (11), refrigerating plant (16), blowning installation (17) and exhaust fan (19), open transparent cover (15) and clamping device (13), take off rock sample, cut with small electrical sawing, taking-up sample.
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