CN103837196A - Tailings pond dry beach parameter monitoring system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tailings pond dry beach parameter monitoring system and method. The system comprises a plurality of laser range finders which are arranged in parallel on the top of a dry beach dam body, a first communication module, an ultrasonic level gauge arranged on the tailings pond area water level, a second communication module and an upper computer. The laser range finders are in communication with the upper computer through the first communication module. The ultrasonic level gauge is in communication with the upper computer through the second communication module. A plurality of dry beach monitoring points are selected freely on a dry beach, each dry beach monitoring point is monitored by a laser range finder, the system is used for monitoring the dry beach, a dry beach water level boundary model is established and corrected in real time through data collected in advance and data collected in real time, the real-time area of the dry beach is obtained, dry beach measuring real-time performance and accuracy are improved, accurate information is provided for early warning, and potential safety hazards are avoided.

Description

A kind of dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring system and method

Technical field

The invention belongs to civil engineering work safety monitoring field, relate to a kind of dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring system and method.

Background technology

Before tailings warehouse dam body, the measurement on dry beach is very important link in Safety of Tailings Dam monitoring, the major parameter on dry beach comprises that dry beach length, dry beach face amass and water surface separatrix, dry beach, these parameters are along with external factor changes and changes, these external factor comprise that the injection of mine tailing ore in sand form, variation, the rainwater sunlight etc. of the mine tailing water yield can cause the variation on dry beach, cause mine tailing to there will be danger to a certain degree, these parameters on dry beach have directly determined the degree of stability of dam body, and dry beach is monitored and safeguards that meeting not in place causes dam body unstability and even dam break.Therefore need to monitor accordingly in key area and specific position, the dry beach of measurement length, dry beach face amass and water surface separatrix, dry beach in real time, as the foundation of maintaining.Monitoring system and the method for dry sand of tailings reservoir mainly focus on its measurement of length at present, and the parameter measurement of the dry beach of the shortage overall situation, and linear measure longimetry mostly adopts single-sensor to measure, and is difficult to realize round-the-clock omnibearing real-time measurement, and warning information cannot be provided in time.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to the dry sand of tailings reservoir monitoring parameter existing in above-mentioned background technology single, measure problem not in time, a kind of dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring system and method are provided.

A kind of dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring system, comprise be arranged on dam body top, dry beach the multiple laser range finders, the first communication module that be arranged in parallel, be arranged on ultrasonic level gage, second communication module and host computer on the water surface of Tailings Dam reservoir area;

Described laser range finder communicates by first communication module and host computer, and described ultrasonic level gage communicates by second communication module and host computer;

On dry beach, choose arbitrarily multiple Gan Tan monitoring point D, each Gan Tan monitoring point D is monitored by a laser range finder; Multiple Gan Tan monitoring point D lays respectively in the perpendicular at multiple laser range finders place;

Described laser range finder is for measuring the distance between Gan Tan monitoring point and laser range finder.

The angle of laser range finder and vertical plane uses inclinator to measure in advance.

Described first communication module and second communication module are wireless communication module, adopt GPRS communication, shortwave to count biography, Zigbee, CDMA or WLAN (wireless local area network).

A kind of dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring method, adopts described dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring system, and observation process is as follows:

Step 1: horizontal ordinate, ordinate and the beach crest level of monitoring point on the section of multiple dry beaches in the dry sand of tailings reservoir obtaining by total station survey;

The horizontal ordinate of described monitoring point refers to the distance at the positional distance dam body top at the laser range finder place of measuring monitoring point, and the ordinate of described monitoring point refers to the dry beach length distance of monitoring point;

Step 2: utilize horizontal ordinate and the ordinate of each monitoring point that step 1 obtains, adopt the mathematical method of fitting of a polynomial to set up dry beach curve model;

Dry beach curve model is

x is the horizontal seat of arbitrfary point on the curve of dry beach, and y is that on the curve of dry beach, horizontal ordinate is the dry beach length that x point is corresponding; a _jfor the coefficient that adopts fitting of a polynomial to obtain, the integer that the value of j is 0-m;

Step 3: the data that gather according to laser range finder and ultrasonic level gage, obtain dry beach length BE according to trigonometric function relation;

Distance A B between measurement laser range finder A point and Gan Tan summit B point and the angle ∠ CAD of laser range finder and vertical direction in advance, utilize the distance A D between the laser range finder that laser range finder records and the Gan Tan monitoring point of choosing, and ultrasonic level gage is measured the distance FG between the portion of bottom of the reservior at water surface monitoring point F, calculate the vertical range BH of Gan Tan summit B point and the water surface according to the value of FG, water surface monitoring point F and dam body horizontal range HF, calculated and obtained dry beach length BE by trigonometric function;

Step 4: utilize in water surface separatrix, the dry beach curve mathematic model that data input step 2 that step 3 obtains sets up, determine the coefficient a in the curve model of in real time dry beach _j, obtaining in real time water surface separatrix, dry beach, dry beach curve is carried out to integration, and to obtain dry beach face long-pending.

The computation process that described step 3 obtains dry beach length BE according to trigonometric function is as follows:

(1) calculate by the cosine law distance BD that push up on monitoring distance beach;

$\mathrm{BD}=\sqrt{{\mathrm{AD}}^2+{\mathrm{AB}}^2+\mathrm{AD}\·\mathrm{AB}\·\cos (\∠\mathrm{BAD})},$ Wherein, ∠ BAD=∠ CAD;

(2) calculate ∠ ABD by sine;

sin(∠ABD)=AD·(sin(∠CAD))/BD

(3) calculate the angle ∠ BEH=∠ BDC=∠ ABD-90 ° that does beach and surface level;

(4) the distance BG=HF/cos (∠ BEH) of the calculating G of bottom of the reservior portion and top, beach B

(5) calculate the distance EG=FG/sin (∠ BEH) that does beach and water surface intersection E and the G of bottom of the reservior portion

(6) thus draw dry beach length BE=BG-EG

By the safe range of mine tailing parameter is set, the dry beach face that mine tailing water level, the step 5 that determining step 4 obtains obtains amasss or whether dry beach length exceeds the safe range of mine tailing parameter, if exceeded, triggers early warning signal;

The described safe range that mine tailing parameter is set comprises safe range [c, d] that the safe range [a, b] of mine tailing water level, dry beach face are long-pending and the safe range [e, f] of dry beach length.

The dry beach curve mathematic model of setting up in described step 2 utilizes the in real time dry beach length that step 3 obtains to revise.

Utilize long-pending, the dry beach of dry beach face shape, dry beach length, the dry beach gradient and the mine tailing water level that visualization model obtains host computer to show.Described dry beach face is long-pending to be calculated is that the area in concave plane region calculates and utilizes curvilinear integral to obtain, and belongs to prior art to forming concave plane region and carry out area calculating doing water surface separatrix, beach and dam body edge.

Beneficial effect

Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

(1) monitoring system of the present invention adopts multiple laser range finders to monitor multiple Gan Tan monitoring point simultaneously, can obtain in real time dry beach length, overcome and in prior art, utilized The Cloud Terrace to drive laser range finder, within the interval time of the angular range of setting and setting, Gan Tan monitoring point is measured to the large problem of monitoring error causing successively;

(2) utilize water surface separatrix, the dry beach curve model proposing in monitoring method of the present invention, input limited dry beach point parameter, obtain the dry marginal particular location of the beach water surface, calculate real-time dry beach face long-pending, strengthen the measurement of the global parameter on dry beach, for the dry beach monitoring of Tailings Dam provides data more accurately, for dry beach early warning provides favourable information;

(3) utilize system and method for the present invention, real-time dry beach parameter is carried out to visual demonstration, reflected intuitively monitoring effect, convenient operation personnel observe, and have promoted the practicality of this monitoring system.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of monitoring system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the method for the invention;

Fig. 3 is dry beach linear measure longimetry device structure schematic diagram;

Fig. 4 is dry beach area visualization display effect figure.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further.

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring system comprise be arranged on dam body top, dry beach the multiple laser range finders, the first communication module that be arranged in parallel, be arranged on ultrasonic level gage, second communication module and host computer on the water surface of Tailings Dam reservoir area;

Described laser range finder communicates by first communication module and host computer, and described ultrasonic level gage communicates by second communication module and host computer;

On dry beach, choose arbitrarily multiple Gan Tan monitoring point, each Gan Tan monitoring point is monitored by a laser range finder; The point that described Gan Tan can not select monitoring point dry beach length can not change, as fixing rock.

Described laser range finder is for measuring the distance between Gan Tan monitoring point and laser range finder.

Dry beach linear measure longimetry equipment is mainly made up of laser range finder and ultrasonic level gage, sees Fig. 3, correspondingly measures dry beach length according to regular hour section, as measured 1 time every 10 minutes.

A kind of dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring method, adopts described dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring system, and observation process is as follows:

Step 1: the horizontal ordinate, ordinate and the beach crest level that obtain measurement point on the multiple dry beach of the dry sand of tailings reservoir section that total station survey obtains;

Step 2: the data of utilizing step 1 to obtain, adopt the mathematical method of fitting of a polynomial to set up the dry marginal curve mathematic model of the beach water surface;

Step 3: the data that gather according to laser range finder and ultrasonic level gage, obtain dry beach length BE according to trigonometric function relation;

Distance A B between measurement laser range finder A point and Gan Tan top B point and the angle ∠ CAD of laser range finder and vertical direction in advance, utilize the distance A D between the laser range finder that laser range finder records and the Gan Tan monitoring point of choosing, utilize ultrasonic level gage to measure the distance FG between the portion of bottom of the reservior at water surface monitoring point F, calculate the vertical range BH of Gan Tan top B point and the water surface according to the value of FG, water surface monitoring point F and dam body horizontal range HF, calculated and obtained dry beach length BE by trigonometric function;

Step 4: utilize in water surface separatrix, the dry beach curve mathematic model that data input step 2 that step 3 obtains sets up, obtain in real time dry water surface separatrix, beach and dry beach face long-pending.

(1) calculate by the cosine law distance BD that push up on monitoring distance beach;

$\mathrm{BD}=\sqrt{{\mathrm{AD}}^2+{\mathrm{AB}}^2+\mathrm{AD}\·\mathrm{AB}\·\cos (\∠\mathrm{BAD})},$ Wherein, ∠ BAD=∠ CAD;

(2) calculate ∠ ABD by sine;

sin(∠ABD)=AD·(sin(∠CAD))/BD

(3) calculate the angle ∠ BEH=∠ BDC=∠ ABD-90 ° that does beach and surface level;

(4) the distance BG=HF/cos (∠ BEH) of the calculating G of bottom of the reservior portion and top, beach B

(5) calculate the distance EG=FG/sin (∠ BEH) that does beach and water surface intersection E and the G of bottom of the reservior portion

(6) thus draw dry beach length BE=BG-EG.

By the safe range of mine tailing parameter is set, the dry beach face that mine tailing water level, the step 5 that determining step 4 obtains obtains amasss or whether dry beach length exceeds the safe range of mine tailing parameter, if exceeded, triggers early warning signal;

The described safe range that mine tailing parameter is set comprises safe range [c, d] that the safe range [a, b] of mine tailing water level, dry beach face are long-pending and the safe range [e, f] of dry beach length.

The dry beach curve mathematic model of setting up in described step 2 utilizes the in real time dry beach length that step 3 obtains to revise.

Utilize long-pending, the dry beach of dry beach face shape, dry beach length, the dry beach gradient and the mine tailing water level that visualization model obtains host computer to show.

It is long-pending that computing machine is processed the dry beach of acquisition length, dry water surface separatrix, beach and dry beach face to the data that collect.

Communication module is according to Tailings Dam field condition, a data communication network of the common composition in each Tailings Dam monitoring point, this data communication network is connected to monitoring computer by a long haul communication pattern, can use wire communication also can use wireless forms of communication, wire communication mode mainly contains the modes such as RS485 serial ports, optical fiber communication, Ethernet, and radio communication mainly contains GPRS communication, shortwave is counted the modes such as biography, Zigbee, CDMA, WLAN (wireless local area network).

According to the information of prior measurement, adopt least square method to set up dry sand of tailings reservoir water surface separatrix curve data model, and according to the dry beach length of real-time measurement and reservoir level information, constantly revise and change water surface separatrix, rear dry beach curve data model, adopt the method for curvilinear integral to calculate the area on dry beach, draw the shape on dry beach.

Adopt fitting of a polynomial to carry out curve fitting, its target is according to the dry beach length value of measuring finite point, simulates dry beach and the marginal curvilinear equation of the water surface.For one group of given data (x _i, y _i), i=1,2....n, the x here _ibe the positional value of laser range finder at dam body, yi is dry beach length value measured in step 3.

Seek to do m order polynomial

the power number that represents x, makes total error

for minimum.

Because Q can be regarded as about a _j(j=0,1 ..., multivariate function m), the construction problem of above-mentioned polynomial fitting can be summed up as the extreme-value problem of the multivariate function.Order $\frac{\∂Q}{\∂a_k}=0,k=\mathrm{0,1},...,m,$ $Q=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(y_i-\underset{j=0}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_j{x_i}^j)}^{2}x=1,k=\mathrm{0,1}...,m,$

Have

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{a}_{0}n+a_1\mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i+...+a_m\mathrm{\Σ}{x_i}^m=\mathrm{\Σ}{y}_i\\ a_0\mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i+a_1\mathrm{\Σ}{x_i}^2+..+a_m\mathrm{\Σ}{x_i}^{m+1}=\mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i{y}_i\\ a_0\mathrm{\Σ}{x_i}^m+a_1\mathrm{\Σ}{x_i}^{m+1}+..+a_m\mathrm{\Σ}{x_i}^{2m}=\mathrm{\Σ}{x_i}^m{y}_i\end{array}\right.$

Above formula is about coefficient a _jsystem of linear equations, be called canonical systems.This system of equations has unique solution.Solving equations obtains a _j(j=0,1 ..., m) be the coefficient of required polynomial fitting curve.This curvilinear equation

it is just obtained curvilinear equation.

In actual applications, generally adopt secondary or cubic polynomial matching.Because the too high meeting of the degree of polynomial makes matched curve bending excessive, increasing test error affects matched curve.

Take Hengnan distant view tungsten ore Tailings Dam (being under the jurisdiction of Hengnan, Hengyang distant view Wu Ye Ltd) safety monitoring as example, application the present invention monitor this Tailings Dam.

Be 337m(B place absolute altitude at Tailings Dam fill dam dam surface level), the about 60m of dam length, iron, the height of high 5m(BA are found in the centre position that is positioned at dam); 1 laser range finder is installed at pole top, laser is got to some place (this point is D point) of dam upstream ramp, at excessive big vast tower F place to the degree of depth be under water FG(FG value 1.5m at that time) locate to install 1 water-level gauge, because surface, dam is about 3m to the distance height B H of the water surface, so water-level gauge place (G place) absolute altitude is about for 337-3-1.5=332.5m.

Height of dam is about 40m, grade is that the fourth class is other, minimum safe superelevation is set and is set to 0.6m, minimum beach length is set to 55m, the safe superelevation BH recording and minimum safe superelevation 0.6m comparison, dry beach length BE and the long 55m comparison in minimum beach, safe superelevation, dry beach length change along with the variation of water surface absolute altitude, in the time that numerical value exceedes minimum safe superelevation, minimum beach length, send early warning sound by the precaution device being inserted on serial ports, reach early warning object.

Monitor with institute long contrast the in safe superelevation, beach obtaining according to the minimum safe superelevation of gained, minimum beach are long, if the data of monitoring exceed AQ2006 ?2005_ Safety of Tailings Dam technical regulation defined minimum safe superelevation, minimum beach long, trigger alarm.

Visualization model, to dry beach length and reservoir level, area and the shape on dry beach, carry out visual demonstration.Fig. 4 is a dry beach flat shape exemplary plot after calculate and measurement, the profile that figure peripheral profile is Tailings Dam, and the dam body of mine tailing left side in the drawings, near the separatrix that curve is Gan Tan and the storehouse water surface in left side.

Under the main interface of visualizing monitor software, comprise three modules: (1) situation map, (2) alarm platform, (3) basis instrument;

Situation map comprises list figure, oscillogram, column diagram.Energy interpolation, modification, deletion, mouse drag and drop appliance icon on situation map, and can amplify and dwindle situation map.Mouse is positioned over and is arranged on figure, will demonstrate the state (as warning, normal, abnormal) of equipment work at present, real time data.

Basis instrument comprises automatic Measuring Time setting, situation map archives, sensor type archives, sensor archives, files on each of customers, data-switching parameter.Automatically Measuring Time setting comprises: timing acquiring and timetable collection.Situation map archives: to the operation of situation map, newly-increased, revise, to delete etc., this is the project that after login software, the first step need to arrange.Sensor type archives: newly-built is the categorical data of sensor here, are the first order sub-directory of the tree list on the software left side, and it is that equipment is classified, and the sensor of same type can be categorized in same type.Sensor archives: newly-built is the data of sensor, are the sub-directory second season of the tree list on the software left side.

Alarm platform: the threshold value that three grades of warnings of equipment are set.The interior numerical value that one-level is reported to the police is security interval, and between tertiary area, higher limit is alarm range.

Claims (7)

1. a dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring system, it is characterized in that, comprise be arranged on dam body top, dry beach the multiple laser range finders, the first communication module that be arranged in parallel, be arranged on ultrasonic level gage, second communication module and host computer on the water surface of Tailings Dam reservoir area;

Described laser range finder communicates by first communication module and host computer, and described ultrasonic level gage communicates by second communication module and host computer;

On dry beach, choose arbitrarily multiple Gan Tan monitoring point D, each Gan Tan monitoring point D is monitored by a laser range finder; Multiple Gan Tan monitoring point D lays respectively in the perpendicular at multiple laser range finders place;

Described laser range finder is for measuring the distance between Gan Tan monitoring point and laser range finder.

2. dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first communication module and second communication module are wireless communication module, adopts GPRS communication, shortwave to count biography, Zigbee, CDMA or WLAN (wireless local area network).

3. a dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring method, is characterized in that, adopts the dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring system described in claim 1 or 2, and observation process is as follows:

Step 1: horizontal ordinate, ordinate and the beach crest level of monitoring point on the section of multiple dry beaches in the dry sand of tailings reservoir obtaining by total station survey;

The horizontal ordinate of described monitoring point refers to the distance at the positional distance dam body top at the laser range finder place of measuring monitoring point, and the ordinate of described monitoring point refers to the dry beach length distance of monitoring point;

Step 2: utilize horizontal ordinate and the ordinate of each monitoring point that step 1 obtains, adopt the mathematical method of fitting of a polynomial to set up dry beach curve model;

Dry beach curve model is

x is the horizontal ordinate of arbitrfary point on the curve of dry beach, and y is that on the curve of dry beach, horizontal ordinate is the dry beach length that x point is corresponding; a _jfor the coefficient that adopts fitting of a polynomial to obtain, the integer that the value of j is 0-m;

Step 3: the data that gather according to laser range finder and ultrasonic level gage, obtain dry beach length BE according to trigonometric function relation;

Distance A B between measurement laser range finder A point and Gan Tan summit B point and the angle ∠ CAD of laser range finder and vertical direction in advance, utilize the distance A D between the laser range finder that laser range finder records and the Gan Tan monitoring point of choosing, and ultrasonic level gage is measured the distance FG between the portion of bottom of the reservior at water surface monitoring point F, calculate the vertical range BH of Gan Tan summit B point and the water surface according to the value of FG, water surface monitoring point F and dam body horizontal range HF, calculated and obtained dry beach length BE by trigonometric function;

Step 4: utilize in water surface separatrix, the dry beach curve mathematic model that data input step 2 that step 3 obtains sets up, determine the coefficient a in the curve model of in real time dry beach _j, obtaining in real time water surface separatrix, dry beach, dry beach curve is carried out to integration, and to obtain dry beach face long-pending.

4. dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the computation process that described step 3 obtains dry beach length BE according to trigonometric function is as follows:

(1) calculate by the cosine law distance BD that push up on monitoring distance beach;

wherein, ∠ BAD=∠ CAD;

(2) calculate ∠ ABD by sine;

sin(∠ABD)=AD·(sin(∠CAD))/BD

(3) calculate the angle ∠ BEH=∠ BDC=∠ ABD-90 ° that does beach and surface level;

(4) the distance BG=HF/cos (∠ BEH) of the calculating G of bottom of the reservior portion and top, beach B

(5) calculate the distance EG=FG/sin (∠ BEH) that does beach and water surface intersection E and the G of bottom of the reservior portion

(6) thus draw dry beach length BE=BG-EG.

5. dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, by the safe range of mine tailing parameter is set, whether the long-pending or dry beach length of dry beach face that mine tailing water level, the step 5 that determining step 4 obtains obtains exceeds the safe range of mine tailing parameter, if exceeded, trigger early warning signal;

The described safe range that mine tailing parameter is set comprises safe range [c, d] that the safe range [a, b] of mine tailing water level, dry beach face are long-pending and the safe range [e, f] of dry beach length.

6. dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the dry beach curve mathematic model of setting up in described step 2 utilizes the in real time dry beach length that step 3 obtains to revise.

7. dry sand of tailings reservoir parameter monitoring method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, utilizes long-pending, the dry beach of dry beach face shape, dry beach length, the dry beach gradient and the mine tailing water level that visualization model obtains host computer to show.

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