High-effect combined type flare tip
Technical field
The one that the present invention relates to the overhead system mix flare burner of petrochemical industry, coal chemical industry enterprises use is improved, specifically a kind of high-effect torch.
Background technology
Flare tip is that mix flare burner is the key facility that petrochemical plant, coal chemical industry enterprises are realized safety in production, is conventionally arranged on the high-altitude away from ground, and in high temperature and the variable condition that colds and heat succeed each other, working environment worsens extremely, scaling loss, seriously corroded for a long time.So the design of mix flare burner is very harsh to the requirement of condition of work.
At present, mix flare burner simple in structure, generally adopt the form of the static molecular sealer of bell-jar in conjunction with common flare tip, its decay resistance is not high, be easy to cause end socket to drop because of welding quality and long-term corrosion, thereby block the gas outlet of torch, cause building the pressure of flare system, accidents caused; The static molecular sealer of bell-jar need to adopt nitrogen to seal, and has also needed steam tracing, so cause the huge waste of energy consumption simultaneously; Also exist flame combustion unstable, easily gone out by wind, air easily refluxes and enters cylindrical shell, causes tempering phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
For the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the present invention is devoted to provide a kind of tempering phenomenon that can effectively prevent because of air return initiation, and has steady fire action, can reduce the high-effect combined type flare tip of Energy in use.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem takes: a kind of high-effect combined type flare tip, comprise cylindrical shell, igniter and smooth combustion apparatus, the upper port of the nearly cylindrical shell of firing tip head rest of described igniter, it is characterized in that: the fluidic seal device that also comprises the upper position that is arranged on described cylindrical shell lower port, described fluidic seal device is made up of the overlapped multilayer taper ring body being nested with axial arranged along described cylindrical shell and that be fixed on cylinder inboard wall, and it is downward that every layer of taper ring body is big opening end.
As to further improvement of the present invention, at described cylindrical shell lower end, between the import of cylindrical shell lower end and described fluidic seal device, establish the nitrogen sparge tube that is communicated with source nitrogen.
As to further improvement of the present invention, also be included in the multiple quincunx steam nozzle that cylindrical shell top exit place circumferentially arranges along cylindrical shell, be nested with peripheral at cylindrical shell and be positioned at the steam loop below cylindrical shell upper port, and being communicated with steam loop and axial arranged steam standpipe; Quincunx steam nozzle is communicated with steam loop; The uniform spray-hole that arranges on the end face of described quincunx steam nozzle.
As to further improvement of the present invention, described igniter comprises burning torch and altar lamp assembly; Described altar lamp assembly comprises lamp holder hurricane globe, stretches into the fuel burner nozzle in lamp holder hurricane globe, the middle part of fuel burner nozzle is provided with the burning torch protective sleeve being connected with burning torch, the afterbody of fuel burner nozzle connects the port of export of fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber, the entrance point of described fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber is provided with intake governor motion, fuel gas shower nozzle stretches into the entrance point of described fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber, described fuel gas shower nozzle connects the port of export of fuel gas conveying guiding mechanism, and described fuel gas carries the entrance point of guiding mechanism to connect fuel gas entrance; The epimere of the mixed gas chamber of described fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber, the direction along its import to its outlet is stepped flaring structure; The gas transmission inner chamber of described fuel gas shower nozzle is made as stepped throat structure; Described fuel gas carries guiding mechanism to be divided into entrance point enlarging, interlude and port of export reducing, and the inner chamber of described entrance point enlarging is inverted conical camber, and the inner chamber of described port of export reducing is conical camber, and interlude is straight barrel type inner chamber.
As to further improvement of the present invention, described smooth combustion apparatus is that described steady pyrosphere is placed in cylindrical shell upper port inner side by the steady pyrosphere in the poly-fiery piece of multiple S type porous besieged city.
As to further improvement of the present invention, there is refractory ceramics at firing tip surface and the surperficial all sintering of poly-fiery piece of described quincunx steam nozzle, lampshade kept burning day and night, burning torch.
As to further improvement of the present invention, on the inwall on described cylindrical shell top, be consolidated with one deck refractory liner.
As to further improvement of the present invention, be covered with a hurricane globe on the top of described cylindrical shell.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) fluidic seal device is combined to the upper position that is arranged on cylindrical shell lower port, no longer need to use the static molecular sealer of bell-jar to realize sealing in conjunction with the form of steam tracing, reduced the use of energy consumption; Fluidic seal device is the nestable structure combining of putting of multilayer conical ring body weight, the gas being turned back by cylindrical shell top is in cylindrical shell entrance reflux course, be subject to stopping layer by layer of the external wall of conical ring, upwards reflected, thereby form continuous upper counterblast, the air-flow of follow-up downward fold back is towed back to or is subject to the refraction of taper ring body by returning air-flow on this, upwards fold back forms new upper returning air-flow, thereby form dynamic gas sealing, effectively prevent that the air-flow in cylindrical shell from refluxing to the Way in of cylindrical shell, avoid tempering backfire, ensured the safe operation of equipment;
(2) pass into by the top of the lower end import department of cylindrical shell the nitrogen that density ratio air is little, utilize nitrogen to hold air and rise, air is not refluxed, effectively avoid tempering backfire;
(3) the air vapor mist that adopts quincunx steam nozzle to bring air formation into enters flame kernel, play the effect of smoke elimination, smooth combustion, and quincunx design is uniformly dispersed air-flow; When steam is sprayed by the spray-hole on quincunx steam nozzle, speed is improved, and makes air-flow disturbance strong, can effectively improve water, gas mixing efficiency, makes steam/hydrocarbons ratio reach zone of reasonableness, has effectively avoided black smoke phenomenon;
(4) igniter, when guaranteeing to realize smooth combustion under strong wind, Rainfall Condition, it can increase the stability of igniting; Unit interval consumption that can fuel saving gas, realizes energy-saving effect; Can guarantee the abundant burning of fuel gas and air, realize the discharge of the pernicious gases such as zero nitrogen oxide;
(5) the steady pyrosphere being formed by the poly-fiery piece of S type porous that cylindrical shell top arranges, due to porose on each poly-fiery piece, can after piece, form recirculating zone, the hot gas that fires coming that refluxes contacts with gaseous mixture out from hole, carry ignition energy by molecular diffusion and turbulent flow, form " sleeve fire " at aperture place, be not easy like this to be blown out, play the stable object that guarantees flame;
(6) firing tip of quincunx steam nozzle, lampshade kept burning day and night, burning torch surface and poly-fiery piece surface sintering high temperature pottery, fixed refractory liner on the inwall on cylindrical shell top, greatly increased high temperature resistantly, corrosion resistant performance, increases the service life or has reduced the maintenance workload of flare tip;
(7) hurricane globe arranging on cylindrical shell top both can utilize the airflow injection air rising in the time of burning, again can be windproof, make flame smooth combustion above torch.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of smooth combustion apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of igniter in the present invention;
In figure: 1 cylindrical shell, 21 burning torches, 211 burning torch protective sleeves, 22 altar lamp assemblies; 221 fuel gas entrances, 222 fuel gas are carried guiding mechanism, 2221 entrance point enlargings, 2222 port of export reducings; 223 fuel gas shower nozzles, 224 intake governor motions, 225 air pre-mixing chambers; 226 fuel burner nozzles, 227 lamp holder hurricane globes, 3 steam standpipes; 4 steam loops, 5 quincunx steam nozzles, 6 fluidic seal devices; 7 nitrogen sparge tubes, 8S type porous is gathered fiery piece, 9 refractory liners.
The specific embodiment
For ease of understanding technology contents of the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of high-effect combined type flare tip, comprises cylindrical shell 1, igniter, steam standpipe 3, steam loop 4, quincunx steam nozzle 5, smooth combustion apparatus and can form the fluidic seal device 6 of fold back jet.Be covered with a hurricane globe on the top of described cylindrical shell 1, on the inwall on described cylindrical shell 1 top, be consolidated with one deck refractory liner 9.The hurricane globe arranging on cylindrical shell 1 top both can utilize the airflow injection air rising in the time of burning, again can be windproof, make flame smooth combustion above torch; On the inwall on cylindrical shell 1 top, fixed refractory liner 9 can increase the heat-resisting quantity of cylindrical shell, extends the damage time, reduces and changes workload, and guarantee safety.
Described igniter comprises burning torch 21 and altar lamp assembly 22.Described altar lamp assembly 22 comprises lamp holder hurricane globe 227, stretch into the fuel burner nozzle 226 in lamp holder hurricane globe 227, the middle part of fuel burner nozzle 226 is provided with the burning torch protective sleeve 211 being connected with burning torch 21, the afterbody of fuel burner nozzle 226 connects the port of export of fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber 225, the entrance point of described fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber 225 is provided with intake governor motion 224, be used for regulating the air capacity passing in described fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber 225, just in time reach abundant ratio of combustion with the fuel gas passing in described fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber 225 by the air capacity that regulates this intake governor motion 224 to guarantee once to suck in described fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber 225, thereby the pernicious gases such as the nitrogen oxide producing while reducing amount of oxygen deficiency.
The spout of fuel gas shower nozzle 223 stretches into the entrance point of described fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber 225, described fuel gas shower nozzle 223 connects the port of export of fuel gas conveying guiding mechanism 222, and described fuel gas carries the entrance point of guiding mechanism 222 to connect fuel gas entrance 221.
The epimere of the mixed gas chamber of described fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber 225 is (in actual design, the axial length of entrance point that guarantees fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber 225 is slightly short, the epimere of the mixed gas chamber of the fuel gas of indication and air pre-mixing chamber is the agent structure except entrance point of fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber 225 herein), direction along its import to its outlet is stepped flaring structure, be that its chamber is ladder layout, expand step by step along import to the direction of outlet.Fuel gas and air enter in the mixed gas chamber of described fuel gas and air pre-mixing chamber 225 simultaneously, passing through after the conveyor chamber of stepped flaring structure, due to slowing down of flowing velocity, produce less mixed flow phenomenon simultaneously, so make fuel gas form and mix completely significantly with air, improve burning quality, effectively saved gas quantity.
The gas transmission inner chamber of described fuel gas shower nozzle 223 is made as stepped throat structure, and, along the import of fuel gas shower nozzle to spout direction, the gas transmission cavity of fuel gas shower nozzle 223 is stepped, and cavity internal diameter dwindles step by step gradually.
Described fuel gas carries guiding mechanism 222 to be divided into entrance point enlarging 2221, interlude and port of export reducing 2222, the inner chamber of described entrance point enlarging 2221 is inverted conical camber, the inner chamber of described port of export reducing 2222 is conical camber, and interlude is straight barrel type inner chamber.It is variable-diameter structure that described fuel gas is carried entrance point enlarging 2221 to the gas transmission inner chamber of interlude of guiding mechanism 222, in the time carrying gas, can make the air pressure that is transferred gas reduce like this, improves and carries effect.The fuel gas of carrying is carried the stage casing of guiding mechanism through fuel gas, and enter described fuel gas shower nozzle by its port of export reducing 2222, the inner chamber path that in this process, fuel gas passed through is stepped dwindling, the flow process that is fuel gas is convergent process, according to fluid principles, be able to obvious raising at the relative advection flow process of speed of the fuel gas of the nozzle ejection of described fuel gas shower nozzle 223 (be flow process the footpath, chamber of cavity of process constant), thereby in the time of the spout of fuel gas ejection fuel gas shower nozzle 223, increase the entrainment power of fuel gas to air.
After air mixes completely with fuel gas, outlet at fuel burner nozzle 226 is lighted by burning torch 21, because the setting of lamp holder hurricane globe 227, make fuel burner nozzle 226 and lamp holder hurricane globe 227 form cartridge type double layer design, make flame combustion more stable, even under strong wind and heavy rain weather, still can guarantee combustion efficiency and flameholding type, the built-in igniting form of burning torch 21, makes igniting more reliable.The altar lamp that the igniter the present invention relates to has replaced current use adds the sparking mode of the cartridge type of igniting, because altar lamp adds, the cartridge type igniting of igniting need to be lighted fire-leading cylinder successively, altar lamp can enough complete igniting, need secondary to pass into combustion gas, there is the waste of fuel, and complex structure, the relative altar lamp of igniter the present invention relates to adds the sparking mode of the cartridge type of igniting, not only energy-conservation, and simple in structure.
At cylindrical shell 1 top exit place, along circumferentially multiple quincunx steam nozzles 5 being set, quincunx steam nozzle 5 is communicated with steam loop 4, and steam loop 4 is communicated with steam standpipe 3.By the injection drainage of quincunx steam nozzle 5, form local depression, thereby the air vapor mist that drives surrounding air to form, finally makes air vapor mist enter flame kernel by jet inertia and fully mix with diffused gas, play the effect of smoke elimination, steady combustion.Steam is improved by the pore when ejection speed on quincunx steam nozzle 5, and air-flow disturbance is strong, and quincunx design is uniformly dispersed air-flow, can effectively improve water, gas mixing efficiency, makes steam/hydrocarbons ratio reach zone of reasonableness, has effectively avoided black smoke phenomenon.
Described smooth combustion apparatus is arranged on the top of cylindrical shell 1.Described smooth combustion apparatus comprises the steady pyrosphere (the poly-fiery piece of S type porous is existing parts) being formed by the poly-fiery piece 8 of S type porous.Due to porose on each poly-fiery piece, so encircle a city after steady pyrosphere, can after piece, form recirculating zone, the hot gas that fires coming that refluxes contacts with gaseous mixture out from hole, carry ignition energy by molecular diffusion and turbulent flow, form " sleeve fire " at aperture place, be not easy like this to be blown out, play the stable object that guarantees flame;
Described fluidic seal device 6 is arranged on the lower end import department of cylindrical shell 1, and described fluidic seal device 6 is by axial arranged along described cylindrical shell, and the multilayer taper ring body being installed on cylindrical shell 1 inwall forms, each layer of conical ring body weight be nestable put and the big opening end of taper ring body downward.The semi-cone angle of each taper ring body should be controlled in the scope of 20 degree to 50 degree, the gas refluxing is downwards in the time touching the outer wall of taper ring body, the outer wall of each layer of taper ring body can produce and stop downward air-flow, by the refraction action that stops of taper ring body, as shown in Figure 1, air flow direction is changed, and finally upwards fold back refluxes.The taper ring body that forms fluidic seal device 6 adopts the form of stratiform arranged superposed, not only guarantee that the air-flow of downward all directions all can be subject to the baffling effect of fluidic seal device 6, realize without dead angle refraction and refluxing, but also can make air-flow through finally fold back upwards of baffling repeatedly, form continuous upper counterblast.In sum, described fluidic seal device 6 can effectively prevent that the air-flow in cylindrical shell 1 from refluxing to the Way in of cylindrical shell 1, has avoided tempering backfire, has ensured the safe operation of equipment.
Between the import of the lower end of described cylindrical shell 1 and described fluidic seal device 6, arrange and be communicated with nitrogen sparge tube 7, constantly in cylindrical shell, be blown into nitrogen by this nitrogen sparge tube 7.Because the density ratio air of nitrogen is little, so can holding air, nitrogen rises, air is not refluxed, effectively avoid tempering backfire, ensure the safe operation of equipment.
On the firing tip surface and poly-fiery piece surface of described quincunx steam nozzle 5, lampshade kept burning day and night, burning torch 21, equal sintering has refractory ceramics.Thereby greatly increased high temperature resistantly, corrosion resistant performance, increases the service life or has reduced the maintenance workload of flare tip.
Foregoing description basic principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage.For a person skilled in the art, it should understand the present invention and not be subject to the restriction of above-mentioned embodiment, and it is as a kind of embodiment of the best, and object is explanation technical characterstic of the present invention and principle.Protection scope of the present invention is defined by its claims.In the situation that not departing from design philosophy of the present invention and scope, those skilled in the art, in conjunction with known property general knowledge, can make multiple change or be equal to replacement, and they all should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.