CN103833281B - A production mold for composite blocks - Google Patents

A production mold for composite blocks Download PDF

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CN103833281B
CN103833281B CN201410060101.8A CN201410060101A CN103833281B CN 103833281 B CN103833281 B CN 103833281B CN 201410060101 A CN201410060101 A CN 201410060101A CN 103833281 B CN103833281 B CN 103833281B
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load
main lid
building block
lid
bearing matrix
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CN103833281A (en
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王武祥
张磊蕾
王爱军
廖礼平
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China Building Materials Academy
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China Building Materials Academy
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

A composite building block, a production mold and a production method thereof. The composite building block has the advantages of stable structure, high specific strength, low water absorption, good dimensional stability, high combustion grade, good heat insulation performance and low cost, and the production mold and the production method thereof. The heat preservation body comprises, by weight, 40-60% of cement, 8-15% of silica fume, 3-5% of hydrogen peroxide, 0.5-1% of a modifier and 31-38% of water, wherein the load-bearing base body comprises, by weight, 20-40% of cement, 0-40% of tailing sand, 25-65% of construction waste regeneration raw materials, 10-40% of fly ash, 3-5% of fibrous rod-shaped materials, 0.10-0.40% of hydrogen peroxide, 0.7-1.6% of an additive and 20-36% of water, at least one accommodating hole is formed in the load-bearing base body, and the heat preservation body is arranged in the accommodating hole and combined with the inner wall of the accommodating hole. The invention provides a composite building block which is compounded and has the advantages of stable structure, high specific strength, low water absorption, good dimensional stability, high combustion grade, good heat preservation performance and low cost.

Description

一种复合式砌块的生产模具A production mold for composite blocks

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种节能、保温、可靠的墙体砌筑材料(砌块)及加工该砌块的专用生产模具、加工该砌块的专有生产方法。 The invention relates to an energy-saving, heat-preserving and reliable wall masonry material (block), a special production mold for processing the block, and a proprietary production method for processing the block.

背景技术 Background technique

随着我国建筑节能工作的全面推进和不断深化,对不同形式保温体系提出了迫切需求,使得结构节能一体化成为了结构体系发展和应用的重要方向。结构与节能一体化,不仅丰富了建筑结构体系,也能较好地解决了保温体系与建筑同寿命的问题,推动了我国墙体材料的革新和建筑节能工作的发展。 With the comprehensive advancement and continuous deepening of building energy conservation work in my country, there is an urgent need for different forms of thermal insulation systems, making the integration of structural energy conservation an important direction for the development and application of structural systems. The integration of structure and energy saving not only enriches the building structure system, but also better solves the problem of the same lifespan of the insulation system and the building, and promotes the innovation of wall materials and the development of building energy conservation in my country.

现有技术中采用泡沫混凝土制备保温砌块主要有四种方式:(1) 直接利用泡沫混凝土制备保温砌块;(2) 利用掺加超轻陶粒的泡沫混凝土制备保温砌块;(3) 利用发泡聚氨酯等有机保温材料作模芯,通过浇注泡沫混凝土作为高强度外壳制备保温砌块;(4) 在混凝土高强外壳的空腔中填充超轻泡沫混凝土制备砌块。 In the prior art, there are four main ways to prepare thermal insulation blocks using foam concrete: (1) directly use foam concrete to prepare thermal insulation blocks; (2) use foam concrete mixed with ultra-light ceramsite to prepare thermal insulation blocks; (3) Using organic insulation materials such as foamed polyurethane as the mold core, the insulation block is prepared by pouring foam concrete as the high-strength shell; (4) The cavity of the high-strength concrete shell is filled with ultra-light foam concrete to prepare the block.

现阶段利用泡沫混凝土制备的保温砌块主要存在以下缺点:(1) 直接利用泡沫混凝土制备的保温砌块,具有密度偏大、比强度低、吸水率高、尺寸稳定性差,极易出现开裂等弊病,同时生产成本高,质量不稳定;(2) 利用掺加超轻陶粒的泡沫混凝土制备保温砌块,存在生产成本高、原料受限、质量不稳定等问题;(3) 利用发泡聚氨酯等有机保温材料作模芯制备的保温砌块,燃烧等级由A级降为B1或B2,甚至B3;(4) 采用物理发泡工艺制备的超轻泡沫混凝土作为充填保温材料,易出现填充浆体泌水、沉降,硬化后干表观密度高,保温性能较差,表面出现凹陷。因此如何采用新工艺、新技术制备一种新型多孔混凝土复合保温砌块是行业发展急需解决的问题。 At present, the insulation blocks prepared by foam concrete mainly have the following disadvantages: (1) The insulation blocks prepared directly by foam concrete have high density, low specific strength, high water absorption, poor dimensional stability, and are prone to cracking, etc. disadvantages, at the same time, the production cost is high and the quality is unstable; (2) the use of foamed concrete mixed with ultra-light ceramsite to prepare insulation blocks has problems such as high production costs, limited raw materials, and unstable quality; (3) the use of foamed concrete Insulation blocks prepared with organic insulation materials such as polyurethane as the mold core, the combustion grade is reduced from A to B1 or B2, or even B3; (4) Ultra-light foam concrete prepared by physical foaming technology is used as filling insulation material, which is prone to filling The slurry bleeds and settles. After hardening, the dry apparent density is high, the thermal insulation performance is poor, and the surface appears sunken. Therefore, how to prepare a new type of porous concrete composite thermal insulation block by using new technology and new technology is an urgent problem to be solved in the development of the industry.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明针对以上问题,提供了一种结构稳定、比强度高、吸水率低、尺寸稳定性好、燃烧等级高、保温性能好、成本低的复合式砌块的生产模具。 In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a composite block production mold with stable structure, high specific strength, low water absorption, good dimensional stability, high combustion grade, good thermal insulation performance and low cost.

本发明的技术方案是:包括承重基体和至少一保温体; The technical solution of the present invention is: comprising a load-bearing base and at least one thermal insulation body;

所述保温体按重量百分比由水泥40-60%、硅灰8-15%、过氧化氢3-5%、改性剂0.5-1%和水31-38%制成; The insulation body is made of 40-60% cement, 8-15% silica fume, 3-5% hydrogen peroxide, 0.5-1% modifier and 31-38% water by weight percentage;

所述承重基体按重量百分比由水泥20-40%、尾矿砂0-40%、建筑垃圾再生原料25-65%、粉煤灰10-40%、纤维质棒状材料3-5%、过氧化氢0.10-0.40%、外加剂0.7-1.6%和水20-36%制成; The load-bearing matrix is composed of 20-40% of cement, 0-40% of tailings sand, 25-65% of recycled construction waste raw materials, 10-40% of fly ash, 3-5% of fibrous rod-shaped materials, hydrogen peroxide 0.10-0.40%, admixture 0.7-1.6% and water 20-36%;

所述承重基体中开设有至少一容置孔,所述保温体设在所述容置孔内、且与所述容置孔的内壁结合。 At least one accommodating hole is opened in the load-bearing base, and the heat preservation body is arranged in the accommodating hole and combined with the inner wall of the accommodating hole.

所述承重基体中设有至少两相互平行的容置孔,所述容置孔贯穿所述承重基体。 The load-bearing base is provided with at least two parallel accommodating holes, and the accommodating holes pass through the load-bearing base.

所述容置孔为截面呈矩形、圆形或正多边形的柱体状,或为截面呈矩形、圆形或正多边形的锥台状。 The accommodating hole is in the shape of a cylinder with a rectangular, circular or regular polygonal cross section, or a truncated cone with a rectangular, circular or regular polygonal cross section.

一种复合式砌块的生产模具,所述生产模具包括至少两沿同一圆周分布的模箱、可绕所述圆周的圆心旋转的模盖和位于所述圆周的圆心的旋转驱动装置;所述模箱与所述承重基体适配; A production mold for composite blocks, the production mold includes at least two mold boxes distributed along the same circumference, a mold cover that can rotate around the center of the circle, and a rotary drive device located at the center of the circle; The mold box is adapted to the load-bearing base;

所述模盖从下到上依次包括主盖体、活动盖体、直线驱动装置和固定盖体,所述主盖体在所述旋转驱动装置的驱动下绕所述圆周的圆心转动;所述固定盖体通过若干导柱固定连接在所述主盖体的上方,所述活动盖体套接在若干所述导柱上,所述直线驱动装置连接在所述活动盖体与固定盖体之间,通过所述直线驱动装置驱动所述活动盖体上下运动; The mold cover includes a main cover body, a movable cover body, a linear drive device and a fixed cover body sequentially from bottom to top, and the main cover body rotates around the center of the circle under the drive of the rotary drive device; The fixed cover is fixedly connected above the main cover through several guide posts, the movable cover is sleeved on several guide posts, and the linear drive device is connected between the movable cover and the fixed cover Between, the movable cover is driven to move up and down by the linear drive device;

所述活动盖体上设有至少一注浆孔、且底面上固定连接有若干与所述保温体位置对应的定位针,所述定位针包括针头和针座,所述针头通过针座可拆卸的连接在活动盖板的底面上; The movable cover is provided with at least one grouting hole, and a number of positioning pins corresponding to the position of the heat preservation body are fixedly connected on the bottom surface. The positioning pins include a needle head and a needle seat, and the needle head is detachable through the needle seat. connected to the bottom surface of the movable cover;

所述主盖体中部开设有圆形通孔,所述圆形通孔的内径大于所述模箱的外接圆的直径;所述主盖体的下方连接有与所述圆形通孔同轴心的环形切刀,所述环形切刀的刀刃朝向环形切刀的轴心设置、且与模箱的顶面的高度一致; The middle part of the main cover is provided with a circular through hole, and the inner diameter of the circular through hole is larger than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the mold box; the bottom of the main cover is connected with a A central annular cutter, the blade of which is set towards the axis of the annular cutter and consistent with the height of the top surface of the mold box;

所述主盖体的底面上设有截面呈T字形的环形滑槽,所述环形切刀的顶面上设有与所述环形滑槽适配的环形凸起,使得所述环形切刀可旋转的连接在所述主盖体的下方; The bottom surface of the main cover is provided with an annular chute with a T-shaped cross section, and the top surface of the annular cutter is provided with an annular protrusion adapted to the annular chute, so that the annular cutter can The rotating connection is under the main cover;

所述主盖体远离所述旋转驱动装置一侧连接有切刀驱动装置,所述切刀驱动装置包括电机、斜齿轮一和斜齿轮二,所述斜齿轮一固定连接在所述电机的输出轴上,所述主盖体的顶面上开设有用于容置所述斜齿轮一的方孔,所述方孔贯穿所述主盖体;所述斜齿轮二固定连接在所述环形切刀外、且与所述斜齿轮一相啮合。 The side of the main cover away from the rotary driving device is connected with a cutter driving device, and the cutter driving device includes a motor, a helical gear 1 and a helical gear 2, and the helical gear 1 is fixedly connected to the output of the motor. On the shaft, the top surface of the main cover is provided with a square hole for accommodating the first helical gear, and the square hole runs through the main cover; the second helical gear is fixedly connected to the annular cutter outside, and meshed with the helical gear one.

至少两所述模箱外设有与所述圆周同轴心的圆形滑轨,所述圆形滑轨的截面呈上小下大的梯形,所述主盖体远离所述旋转驱动装置的一侧的下方连接有与所述圆形滑轨适配的滑块。 At least two of the mold boxes are provided with circular slide rails coaxial with the circumference. The cross section of the circular slide rails is a trapezoid with a small top and a large bottom. A slide block adapted to the circular slide rail is connected to the bottom of one side.

所述旋转驱动装置底部连接有若干伸缩架,所述主盖体和所述滑块之间通过伸缩杆连接。 A plurality of telescopic frames are connected to the bottom of the rotary driving device, and the main cover and the slider are connected through telescopic rods.

一种复合式砌块的生产方法,按以下步骤进行加工: A production method of a composite block, which is processed according to the following steps:

1)、保温体制备:将除过氧化氢外的其余组分先混合搅拌均匀,再加入过氧化氢后再搅拌均匀,经浇注、化学发泡、养护、后期加工;制得保温体; 1) Preparation of insulation body: Mix and stir the other components except hydrogen peroxide first, then add hydrogen peroxide and then stir evenly, after pouring, chemical foaming, curing, and post-processing; the insulation body is obtained;

2)、闭合模盖:将所述保温体放置于模箱中,开启旋转驱动装置驱动模盖旋转至已放置有保温体的模箱上方; 2) Closing the mold cover: placing the thermal insulation body in the mold box, opening the rotary drive device to drive the mold cover to rotate to the top of the mold box where the thermal insulation body has been placed;

3)、压下活动盖体:开启直线驱动装置驱动活动盖体下行,直至定位针的针座的底面抵在保温体的顶面上,从而使得定位针的针头插入保温体中; 3) Press down the movable cover: turn on the linear drive device to drive the movable cover downward until the bottom surface of the needle seat of the positioning pin touches the top surface of the heat preservation body, so that the needle head of the positioning pin is inserted into the heat preservation body;

4)、注入承重基体浆料:按所述承重基体的组分调配承重基体的浆料,沿注浆孔向模箱内注入承重基体浆料; 4), inject load-bearing matrix slurry: allocate the slurry of load-bearing matrix according to the components of the load-bearing matrix, inject the load-bearing matrix slurry into the mold box along the grouting hole;

5)、发泡承重基体:活动模盖保持不动,直至承重基体浆料完全发泡;发泡完成后,打开模盖;然后依次进行下述步骤: 5) Foaming load-bearing matrix: keep the movable mold cover still until the load-bearing matrix slurry is completely foamed; after the foaming is completed, open the mold cover; then proceed to the following steps in sequence:

5.1)、开启直线驱动装置,使得活动盖体上行; 5.1) Turn on the linear drive device to make the movable cover go up;

5.2)、开启切刀驱动装置中的电机,使得环形切刀旋转; 5.2), turn on the motor in the cutter driving device to make the ring cutter rotate;

5.3)、开启旋转驱动装置,使得主盖体旋转; 5.3) Turn on the rotary drive device to make the main cover rotate;

6)、返回步骤1);完毕。 6), return to step 1); finish.

本发明从整体上提出了一种由水泥、硅灰、过氧化氢、改性剂和水制成的保温体,由水泥、尾矿砂、建筑垃圾再生原料、粉煤灰、纤维(纤维质棒状材料)、过氧化氢、外加剂和水制成承重基体这两种材料复合而成的结构稳定、比强度高、吸水率低、尺寸稳定性好、燃烧等级高、保温性能好、成本低的复合式砌块。具体的说: The present invention proposes a thermal insulation body made of cement, silica fume, hydrogen peroxide, modifying agent and water as a whole. material), hydrogen peroxide, admixtures and water to make a load-bearing matrix, which is composed of these two materials with stable structure, high specific strength, low water absorption, good dimensional stability, high combustion level, good thermal insulation performance and low cost. Composite blocks. Specifically:

承重基体是在水泥、尾矿砂、建筑垃圾再生原料、粉煤灰、纤维(纤维质棒状材料)、过氧化氢、外加剂和水制成的料浆中掺入发泡剂,通过化学反应产生气体使料浆膨胀,经硬化形成的轻质多孔混凝土。因其内部含有大量均匀分布的封闭孔隙,因而表现出良好的物理力学性能和耐久性,如轻质、保温隔热、隔湿、吸音等。同时还具有比强度高、节能利废、不燃等特性。与采用物理发泡工艺制备的泡沫混凝土相比,具有早强、高强、耐久性好、成本低、尺寸稳定性好等特点,更适合用于制备混凝土节能制品。 The load-bearing matrix is a slurry made of cement, tailings sand, construction waste recycled materials, fly ash, fiber (fibrous rod material), hydrogen peroxide, admixture and water mixed with a foaming agent, which is produced by a chemical reaction The gas expands the slurry and hardens to form lightweight porous concrete. Because it contains a large number of evenly distributed closed pores inside, it exhibits good physical and mechanical properties and durability, such as light weight, thermal insulation, moisture insulation, and sound absorption. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of high specific strength, energy saving and waste utilization, and non-combustibility. Compared with foam concrete prepared by physical foaming process, it has the characteristics of early strength, high strength, good durability, low cost and good dimensional stability, and is more suitable for preparing energy-saving concrete products.

保温体是一种采取化学发泡工艺制备的新型无机保温材料,具有质轻、保温隔热性能好、比强度高、节能利废、不燃等性能。与采用物理发泡工艺制备的泡沫水泥相比,具有早强、高强、耐久性好、成本低、尺寸稳定性好等特点,更适合用于制备混凝土制品。与目前广泛使用的有机类保温材料相比,具有不燃、耐久、成本低、应用方便等特点。 The thermal insulation body is a new type of inorganic thermal insulation material prepared by chemical foaming technology. It has the properties of light weight, good thermal insulation performance, high specific strength, energy saving and waste reduction, and non-combustibility. Compared with foam cement prepared by physical foaming process, it has the characteristics of early strength, high strength, good durability, low cost, and good dimensional stability, and is more suitable for the preparation of concrete products. Compared with the organic insulation materials widely used at present, it has the characteristics of non-combustibility, durability, low cost, and convenient application.

与此同时,本案还提出了一种专用于生产此类砌块的“连续工作式”的生产模具,有效的解决了以下问题:一、保温体在承重基体注入或发泡时产生上浮或偏移的问题;二、如何简单、高效地切出多余承重基体的问题;从而大幅地提高了生产效率和产品质量。 At the same time, this case also proposes a "continuous working" production mold dedicated to the production of such blocks, which effectively solves the following problems: 1. The insulation body floats or deflects when the load-bearing matrix is injected or foamed; Second, how to simply and efficiently cut out the excess load-bearing matrix; thus greatly improving production efficiency and product quality.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明中砌块的结构示意图, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of block among the present invention,

图2是本发明中砌块的实施方式示意图一, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a building block in the present invention,

图3是本发明中砌块的实施方式示意图二, Fig. 3 is the second schematic diagram of the embodiment of the block in the present invention,

图4是本发明中砌块的实施方式示意图三; Fig. 4 is the embodiment schematic diagram three of block in the present invention;

图5是本发明中生产模具的俯视图, Fig. 5 is the top view of production mold among the present invention,

图6是图5的A-A向剖视图, Fig. 6 is a sectional view along the line A-A of Fig. 5,

图7是本发明中生产模具的使用状态参考图一, Fig. 7 is the use state reference figure one of production mold among the present invention,

图8是本发明中生产模具的使用状态参考图二, Fig. 8 is the use state reference Fig. 2 of production mold among the present invention,

图9是本发明中生产模具的使用状态参考图三, Fig. 9 is the usage state of production mold among the present invention with reference to Fig. 3,

图10是本发明中生产模具的使用状态参考图四, Fig. 10 is the usage state of production mold among the present invention with reference to Fig. 4,

图11是本发明中生产模具的使用状态参考图五, Fig. 11 is the use state reference Fig. 5 of production mold among the present invention,

图12是本发明中承重基体的发泡状态参考图一, Fig. 12 is a reference to Fig. 1 of the foaming state of the load-bearing matrix in the present invention,

图13是本发明中承重基体的发泡状态参考图二, Fig. 13 is the foaming state of load-bearing matrix in the present invention with reference to Fig. 2,

图14是本发明中承重基体的发泡状态参考图三; Figure 14 is the reference figure three of the foaming state of the load-bearing matrix in the present invention;

图中1是保温体,2是承重基体,20是面包头; Among the figure, 1 is a thermal insulation body, 2 is a load-bearing matrix, and 20 is a bread head;

3是模箱,4是模盖,41是主盖体,411是环形切刀,412是环形滑槽,42是活动盖体,420是定位针,4201是针座,4202是针头,43是直线驱动装置,44是固定盖体,45是切刀驱动装置,451是斜齿轮一,452是斜齿轮二,453是电机; 3 is the mold box, 4 is the mold cover, 41 is the main cover, 411 is the ring cutter, 412 is the ring chute, 42 is the movable cover, 420 is the positioning pin, 4201 is the needle seat, 4202 is the needle head, 43 is the Linear driving device, 44 is a fixed cover, 45 is a cutter driving device, 451 is a helical gear one, 452 is a helical gear two, and 453 is a motor;

5是旋转驱动装置,50是伸缩架,6是圆形滑轨,60是伸缩杆。 5 is a rotary drive unit, 50 is a telescopic frame, 6 is a circular slide rail, and 60 is a telescopic rod.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

本发明如图1-14所示,包括承重基体2和至少一保温体1;通过复合材料及“内嵌式”结构在保证砌块整体强度的同时,提升了砌块的保温效果。 As shown in Figures 1-14, the present invention includes a load-bearing base 2 and at least one heat preservation body 1; the composite material and the "embedded" structure ensure the overall strength of the block while improving the heat preservation effect of the block.

所述保温体1按重量百分比由水泥40-60%、硅灰8-15%、过氧化氢3-5%、改性剂0.5-1%和水31-38%制成; The insulation body 1 is made of 40-60% cement, 8-15% silica fume, 3-5% hydrogen peroxide, 0.5-1% modifier and 31-38% water by weight percentage;

所述承重基体2按重量百分比由水泥20-40%、尾矿砂0-40%、建筑垃圾再生原料25-65%、粉煤灰10-40%、纤维质棒状材料3-5%、过氧化氢0.10-0.40%、外加剂0.7-1.6%和水20-36%制成; The load-bearing matrix 2 is composed of 20-40% of cement, 0-40% of tailings sand, 25-65% of recycled construction waste raw materials, 10-40% of fly ash, 3-5% of fibrous rod-shaped materials, peroxidized Made of hydrogen 0.10-0.40%, admixture 0.7-1.6% and water 20-36%;

其中,硅灰是在冶炼硅铁合金和工业硅时产生的SiO2和Si气体与空气中的氧气迅速氧化并冷凝而形成的一种超细硅质粉体材料。硅灰具有很大的比表面积,可大大提高保温体浆体的稠度和发泡稳定性。同时因其具有很高的化学活性,可以显著提高承重基体的强度。 Among them, silica fume is an ultrafine silicon powder material formed by rapid oxidation and condensation of SiO2 and Si gas produced during smelting ferrosilicon alloy and industrial silicon and oxygen in the air. Silica fume has a large specific surface area, which can greatly improve the consistency and foaming stability of the insulation slurry. At the same time, because of its high chemical activity, it can significantly improve the strength of the load-bearing matrix.

改性剂:保温体中含有大量封闭的气泡,在赋予其良好的物理力学性能和热工性能的同时,也给生产和使用带来困难,某些缺陷甚至会影响其应用。因此必须通过外加措施,提高浆体结构稳定性、加速结构的形成过程和强度发展、降低硬化体的吸水性和收缩性、调整和优化发泡混凝土的孔结构和孔径大小等,这些需通过掺加改性剂来实现。控制保温体结构形成过程和孔结构所采用的改性剂品种主要有催化剂、早强剂、速凝剂、调孔剂、稳泡剂等,改善保温体性能采用的改性剂品种有分散剂、防水剂、增强剂、抗裂剂、胶粉或聚合物乳液等。 Modifier: The insulation body contains a large number of closed air bubbles, which not only endows it with good physical and mechanical properties and thermal performance, but also brings difficulties to production and use, and some defects may even affect its application. Therefore, additional measures must be taken to improve the stability of the slurry structure, accelerate the formation process and strength development of the structure, reduce the water absorption and shrinkage of the hardened body, adjust and optimize the pore structure and pore size of the foamed concrete, etc. Add modifiers to achieve. The modifiers used to control the formation process and pore structure of the thermal insulation body mainly include catalysts, early strength agents, accelerators, pore regulators, foam stabilizers, etc. The modifiers used to improve the performance of the thermal insulation body include dispersants , waterproofing agent, strengthening agent, anti-cracking agent, rubber powder or polymer emulsion, etc.

所述纤维质棒状材料由木梗、植物秸秆或人工合成而制,其截面尺寸在0.5mm-2mm×0.5mm-2mm,长度在10mm-30mm,所述纤维质棒状材料在承重基体中呈现三维乱向分布,所述纤维质棒状材料的形状为方柱状或圆柱状或其它不规则形状,其中,柱状材料的截面尺寸为0.5mm-2mm×0.5mm-2mm;圆柱状材料的直径Φ为0.5mm-2mm,其长度均为10mm-30mm。该材料可有效抑制承重基体硬化体的收缩,提高其抗裂性。同时可提高承重基体的抗折强度。 The fibrous rod-shaped material is made of wood stems, plant straws or artificially synthesized, its cross-sectional size is 0.5mm-2mm×0.5mm-2mm, and its length is 10mm-30mm. The fibrous rod-shaped material presents a three-dimensional structure in the load-bearing matrix. Distributed randomly, the shape of the fibrous rod-shaped material is square column or cylindrical or other irregular shapes, wherein the cross-sectional size of the columnar material is 0.5mm-2mm×0.5mm-2mm; the diameter Φ of the cylindrical material is 0.5 mm-2mm, its length is 10mm-30mm. The material can effectively inhibit the shrinkage of the hardened body of the load-bearing matrix and improve its crack resistance. At the same time, the flexural strength of the load-bearing matrix can be improved.

尾矿砂:金属或非金属矿山开采出的矿石,经选矿厂选出有价值的精矿后排放的“废渣”,由这些废渣制备而成的细骨料。 Tailing sand: The ore mined from metal or non-metal mines, the "waste residue" discharged after the valuable concentrate is selected by the concentrator, and the fine aggregate prepared from these waste residues.

建筑垃圾再生原料:建筑垃圾中的废混凝土、废砖瓦、废砂浆、废石材、废陶瓷等直接经破碎形成的再生原料。该再生原料由再生细骨料和微粉混合组成,作为生产承重基体细骨料和掺合料使用。 Recycled raw materials of construction waste: waste concrete, waste bricks and tiles, waste mortar, waste stone, waste ceramics, etc. in construction waste are directly crushed to form recycled materials. The recycled raw material is composed of recycled fine aggregate and fine powder, and is used as fine aggregate and admixture for the production of load-bearing matrix.

外加剂:用以改善承重基体浆体性能和硬化体性能的混合物,主要组份有速凝剂、稳泡剂、分散剂、防水剂等。 Admixture: a mixture used to improve the properties of the load-bearing base slurry and hardened body. The main components include accelerators, foam stabilizers, dispersants, and waterproofing agents.

所述承重基体2中开设有至少一容置孔,所述保温体1设在所述容置孔内、且与所述容置孔的内壁结合。在实际生产加工时,为提升砌块整体的保温性、比强度和尺寸稳定性,通常将保温体设为圆柱、多棱柱、圆锥台或多棱锥台状,如图1-4所示。 At least one accommodating hole is opened in the load-bearing base 2, and the heat insulating body 1 is arranged in the accommodating hole and combined with the inner wall of the accommodating hole. In actual production and processing, in order to improve the overall thermal insulation, specific strength and dimensional stability of the block, the thermal insulation body is usually set in the shape of a cylinder, a polygonal column, a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid, as shown in Figure 1-4.

本案中容置孔(即设置保温体用)不仅可以是垂直于水平面的,还可以是倾斜的、甚至是水平的。出于生产方便即产品抗压、抗剪切强度考虑,如图2所示,所述承重基体2中设有至少两相互平行的容置孔,所述容置孔贯穿所述承重基体2。 In this case, the accommodating hole (that is, the insulation body is set) not only can be vertical to the horizontal plane, but also can be inclined or even horizontal. For the convenience of production, that is, the compressive and shear strength of the product, as shown in FIG. 2 , at least two accommodation holes parallel to each other are provided in the load-bearing base 2 , and the accommodation holes run through the load-bearing base 2 .

如图4所示,所述承重基体2中设有若干呈矩形阵列分布的容置孔。 As shown in FIG. 4 , the load-bearing base 2 is provided with a plurality of accommodating holes distributed in a rectangular array.

如图3所示,所述容置孔为截面呈矩形、圆形或正多边形的柱体状,或为截面呈矩形、圆形或正多边形的锥台状。 As shown in FIG. 3 , the accommodating hole is in the shape of a cylinder with a rectangular, circular or regular polygonal cross section, or a truncated cone with a rectangular, circular or regular polygonal cross section.

所述生产模具包括至少两沿同一圆周分布的模箱3、可绕所述圆周的圆心旋转的模盖4和位于所述圆周的圆心的旋转驱动装置5;所述模箱3与所述承重基体2适配; The production mold comprises at least two mold boxes 3 distributed along the same circumference, a mold cover 4 that can rotate around the center of the circle and a rotary drive device 5 positioned at the center of the circle; the mold boxes 3 and the load-bearing Base 2 fits;

本发明人在研发本发明产品及试制产品时发现以下问题:一、由于保温体通常位于承重基体“中部”,因此,在承重基体进行注浆时,注浆口通常处于保温体的某一侧,这样,密度相对较小的保温体将在承重基体注入时产生上浮、偏移等现象,极大的影响了承重基体发泡成型后砌块的内部结构形态及保温体的位置精度,从而带来了极高的废品率;二、为保证承重基体发泡后的体积,在注入承重基体浆料时,如不精确计量浆料的注入量(尤其是注入量欠缺),难以在模箱顶面以上形成“有效”的面包头20(面包头:即发泡完成后溢出承重基体规定的顶面的部分;有效:即面包头的底缘应高于或等于模箱上缘的高度),会导致产品出现顶面不完全的情况(即如图12所示,面包头20的底缘低于模箱3上缘的高度,在面包头20切除后,将直接导致承重基体2的顶面不完整、不平整,进而带来极高的返工率与废品率)。 The inventors found the following problems when developing the product of the present invention and the trial-manufactured product: 1. Since the heat preservation body is usually located in the "middle" of the load-bearing base, when the load-bearing base is grouted, the grouting port is usually on a certain side of the heat preservation body In this way, the thermal insulation body with a relatively small density will float and shift when the load-bearing matrix is injected, which greatly affects the internal structural shape of the block and the position accuracy of the thermal insulation body after the load-bearing matrix is foamed, thus bringing 2. In order to ensure the volume of the load-bearing matrix after foaming, when injecting the load-bearing matrix slurry, if the injection amount of the slurry is not accurately measured (especially if the injection amount is insufficient), it is difficult to make a large amount on the top of the mold box. Form an "effective" bread head 20 above the surface (bread head: the part that overflows the top surface of the load-bearing matrix after foaming is completed; effective: the bottom edge of the bread head should be higher than or equal to the height of the upper edge of the mold box), Can cause the product to occur the situation that the top surface is incomplete (as shown in Figure 12, the bottom edge of bread head 20 is lower than the height of mold box 3 upper edges, after bread head 20 is cut off, will directly cause the top surface of load-bearing base 2 Incomplete and uneven, resulting in extremely high rework and scrap rates).

针对上述问题二,本案采取了以下措施:应当针对不同的体积计算好注入量,以形成的面包头20的底缘等于模箱3上缘的高度为最低限(如图13所示),以形成的面包头20的底缘略高于模箱3上缘的高度为最优(如图14所示);最后在承重基体2发泡完成后对面包头20进行切除,确保产品顶面的完整性。 For the above-mentioned problem two, the following measures have been taken in this case: the injection volume should be calculated for different volumes, and the bottom edge of the bread head 20 to be formed is equal to the height of the upper edge of the mold box 3 as the minimum limit (as shown in Figure 13), with The bottom edge of the formed bread head 20 is slightly higher than the height of the upper edge of the mold box 3, which is optimal (as shown in Figure 14); finally, after the foaming of the load-bearing matrix 2 is completed, the bread head 20 is cut off to ensure the integrity of the top surface of the product sex.

对此,为解决上述问题一、二,本案在传统模箱的基础上增设了可绕所述圆周的圆心旋转的模盖和位于所述圆周的圆心的旋转驱动装置;具体的说: In this regard, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems 1 and 2, this case adds a mold cover that can rotate around the center of the circle and a rotating drive device located at the center of the circle on the basis of the traditional mold box; specifically:

所述模盖4从下到上依次包括主盖体41、活动盖体42、直线驱动装置43和固定盖体44,所述主盖体41在所述旋转驱动装置的驱动下绕所述圆周的圆心转动;所述固定盖体44通过若干导柱固定连接在所述主盖体41的上方,所述活动盖体42套接在若干所述导柱上,所述直线驱动装置43连接在所述活动盖体42与固定盖体44之间,通过所述直线驱动装置43驱动所述活动盖体42上下运动; The mold cover 4 includes a main cover body 41, a movable cover body 42, a linear drive device 43 and a fixed cover body 44 from bottom to top, and the main cover body 41 is driven around the circumference by the rotary drive device. The center of the circle rotates; the fixed cover 44 is fixedly connected above the main cover 41 through several guide posts, the movable cover 42 is sleeved on several guide posts, and the linear drive device 43 is connected to Between the movable cover 42 and the fixed cover 44, the movable cover 42 is driven to move up and down by the linear drive device 43;

所述活动盖体42上设有至少一注浆孔(可设为上大下小的漏斗孔)、且底面上固定连接有若干与所述保温体1位置对应的定位针420,所述定位针420包括针头4202和针座4201,所述针头4202通过针座4201可拆卸的连接在活动盖板42的底面上;使用时,可通过直线驱动装置驱动活动盖板并带动定位针下行,直至针座的底面抵在保温体的顶面上;这样,可通过针头确保保温体无法沿水平方向窜动,并通过针座的底面确保保温体无法沿竖直方向窜动;这样,在承重基体注入及发泡时,保温体将在定位针的作用下保持原有位置不发生偏移,从而有效确保了承重基体发泡完成后砌块的结构形态。 The movable cover body 42 is provided with at least one grouting hole (can be set as a funnel hole with a large upper part and a smaller funnel hole), and a plurality of positioning pins 420 corresponding to the position of the thermal insulation body 1 are fixedly connected on the bottom surface. The needle 420 includes a needle head 4202 and a needle seat 4201, the needle head 4202 is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the movable cover 42 through the needle seat 4201; when in use, the movable cover can be driven by a linear drive device and the positioning needle can be driven downward until The bottom surface of the needle seat is against the top surface of the thermal insulation body; in this way, the needle can be used to ensure that the thermal insulation body cannot move in the horizontal direction, and the bottom surface of the needle seat can ensure that the thermal insulation body cannot move in the vertical direction; thus, the load-bearing base When injecting and foaming, the insulation body will keep the original position without shifting under the action of the positioning pin, thus effectively ensuring the structural shape of the block after the foaming of the load-bearing matrix is completed.

所述主盖体41中部开设有圆形通孔,所述圆形通孔的内径大于所述模箱3的外接圆的直径(在实际生产中模箱的外顶缘多为矩形,此处的外接圆即为该矩形在几何意义上的外接圆,外接圆的直径等于矩形对角线的距离,其作用在于,给承重基体发泡提供足够的空间以形成面包头);所述主盖体41的下方连接有与所述圆形通孔同轴心的环形切刀411,所述环形切刀411的刀刃朝向环形切刀411的轴心设置、且与模箱3的顶面的高度一致;所述环形切刀411的内径大于所述模箱3的外接圆的直径; The middle part of the main cover body 41 is provided with a circular through hole, and the inner diameter of the circular through hole is greater than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the mold box 3 (in actual production, the outer top edge of the mold box is mostly rectangular, here The circumscribed circle of the rectangle is the circumscribed circle of the rectangle in the geometric sense, the diameter of the circumscribed circle is equal to the distance of the diagonal of the rectangle, and its function is to provide enough space for the foaming of the load-bearing matrix to form a bread head); the main cover The bottom of the body 41 is connected with an annular cutter 411 coaxial with the circular through hole. Consistent; the inner diameter of the annular cutter 411 is greater than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the mold box 3;

所述主盖体41的底面上设有截面呈T字形的环形滑槽412,所述环形切刀411的顶面上设有与所述环形滑槽412适配的环形凸起,使得所述环形切刀411可旋转的连接在所述主盖体41的下方; The bottom surface of the main cover 41 is provided with an annular chute 412 with a T-shaped cross-section, and the top surface of the annular cutter 411 is provided with an annular protrusion adapted to the annular chute 412, so that the The ring cutter 411 is rotatably connected under the main cover 41;

所述主盖体41远离所述旋转驱动装置5一侧连接有切刀驱动装置45,所述切刀驱动装置45包括电机453、斜齿轮一451和斜齿轮二452,所述斜齿轮一451固定连接在所述电机453的输出轴上,所述主盖体41的顶面上开设有用于容置所述斜齿轮一451的方孔,所述方孔贯穿所述主盖体41;所述斜齿轮二452固定连接在所述环形切刀411外、且与所述斜齿轮一451相啮合。这样,在承重基体发泡完成后,可先开启电机使得环形切刀开始旋转;再开启旋转驱动装置,以使主盖体进入下一工位中;由于环形切刀的刀刃与模箱的顶面高度一致,因此多余的承重基体将在主盖体离开当前工位时,全部切除;从而有效的节省了工作步骤,降低了加工难度和操作复杂度,进而大幅提升了整体的工作效率与设备运行时整体的可靠性。 The side of the main cover 41 away from the rotary driving device 5 is connected with a cutter driving device 45, and the cutter driving device 45 includes a motor 453, a helical gear 1 451 and a helical gear 2 452, and the helical gear 1 451 Fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 453, the top surface of the main cover 41 is provided with a square hole for accommodating the helical gear one 451, and the square hole runs through the main cover 41; The second helical gear 452 is fixedly connected to the outside of the annular cutter 411 and meshes with the first helical gear 451 . In this way, after the foaming of the load-bearing matrix is completed, the motor can be turned on to make the ring cutter start to rotate; The surface height is consistent, so the redundant load-bearing base will be completely cut off when the main cover leaves the current station; thus effectively saving work steps, reducing processing difficulty and operation complexity, and greatly improving the overall work efficiency and equipment Overall reliability at runtime.

至少两所述模箱3外设有与所述圆周同轴心的圆形滑轨6,所述圆形滑轨6的截面呈上小下大的梯形,所述主盖体41远离所述旋转驱动装置5的一侧的下方连接有与所述圆形滑轨6适配的滑块。 At least two of the mold boxes 3 are provided with a circular slide rail 6 coaxial with the circumference. A slide block adapted to the circular slide rail 6 is connected below one side of the rotary drive device 5 .

一方面,可在对面包头进行切除时,避免主盖体发生上下窜动,从而保证砌块的整体形状及结构;另一方面,在旋转驱动装置驱动模盖旋转时,提升模盖运行的稳定性。 On the one hand, when the bread head is cut off, the main cover can be prevented from moving up and down, so as to ensure the overall shape and structure of the block; sex.

所述旋转驱动装置5底部连接有若干伸缩架50,所述主盖体41和所述滑块之间通过伸缩杆60连接。 A plurality of telescopic frames 50 are connected to the bottom of the rotary driving device 5 , and the main cover 41 and the slider are connected by telescopic rods 60 .

一方面,可对主盖体及其下方的环形切刀的高度进行自由调整,另一方面,可在对多余承重基体进行切除时,避免环形切刀产生上下窜动。 On the one hand, the height of the main cover and the ring cutter below it can be adjusted freely, and on the other hand, the ring cutter can avoid the up and down movement of the ring cutter when cutting off the excess load-bearing matrix.

一种复合式砌块的生产方法,按以下步骤进行加工: A production method of a composite block, which is processed according to the following steps:

1)、保温体制备:将除过氧化氢外的其余组分(水泥、硅灰、改性剂和水)先混合搅拌均匀,再加入过氧化氢后再搅拌均匀,经浇注、化学发泡、养护、后期加工(所制保温体坯体需经过后期加工才能成为规定形状、规格尺寸和表面状态的保温体)制得保温体; 1) Preparation of insulation body: Mix and stir the remaining components (cement, silica fume, modifier and water) except hydrogen peroxide first, then add hydrogen peroxide and stir evenly, after pouring, chemical foaming , maintenance, post-processing (the thermal insulation body blank needs to be post-processed to become a thermal insulation body with a specified shape, specification size and surface state) to obtain a thermal insulation body;

2)、闭合模盖,如图6-7所示:开启旋转驱动装置5驱动模盖4旋转至已放置有保温体1的模箱3上方; 2), close the mold cover, as shown in Figure 6-7: open the rotary drive device 5 to drive the mold cover 4 to rotate to the top of the mold box 3 where the heat preservation body 1 has been placed;

3)、压下活动盖体,如图7-8所示:开启直线驱动装置43驱动活动盖体42下行,直至定位针420的针座4201的底面抵在保温体1的顶面上,从而使得定位针420的针头4202插入保温体1中; 3) Press down the movable cover, as shown in Figure 7-8: open the linear drive device 43 to drive the movable cover 42 downward until the bottom surface of the needle holder 4201 of the positioning pin 420 touches the top surface of the heat preservation body 1, thereby Insert the needle head 4202 of the positioning pin 420 into the heat preservation body 1;

4)、注入承重基体浆料(发泡前的承重基体以浆料的形态存在) ,如图8所示:沿注浆孔向模箱3内注入承重基体浆料;浆料的注入量也应当考虑形成面包头,这样在对面包头进行切除后,能确保产品顶部的平整性; 4) Inject the load-bearing matrix slurry (the load-bearing matrix before foaming exists in the form of slurry), as shown in Figure 8: inject the load-bearing matrix slurry into the mold box 3 along the grouting hole; the injection amount of the slurry should also be considered Forming the top of the bun, which ensures a flat top of the product after cutting off the top of the bun;

5)、发泡承重基体,如图9所示:活动模盖42保持不动,直至承重基体浆料完全发泡;发泡完成后,打开模盖4;然后依次进行下述步骤: 5), foaming the load-bearing matrix, as shown in Figure 9: the movable mold cover 42 remains still until the load-bearing matrix slurry is completely foamed; after the foaming is completed, open the mold cover 4; and then perform the following steps in sequence:

5.1)、如图9-10所示,开启直线驱动装置43,使得活动盖体42上行;从而使得定位针与保温体分离; 5.1), as shown in Figure 9-10, turn on the linear drive device 43, so that the movable cover 42 goes up; so that the positioning pin is separated from the heat preservation body;

5.2)、如图10所示,开启切刀驱动装置45中的电机453,使得环形切刀411旋转; 5.2), as shown in Figure 10, open the motor 453 in the cutter driving device 45, make the ring cutter 411 rotate;

5.3)、如图10-11所示,开启旋转驱动装置5,使得主盖体41旋转,并同时完成多余承重基体(即面包头)的切除; 5.3), as shown in Figure 10-11, turn on the rotary drive device 5 to make the main cover 41 rotate, and at the same time complete the removal of the excess load-bearing base (that is, the bread head);

6)、返回步骤1);完毕。 6), return to step 1); finish.

从整体上,本案可在至少两模箱之间完成连续、交替的砌块加工,从而可大幅提升整套生产线的加工效率。同时,本案中利用环形切刀完成多余承重基体的切除,以此类简单、高效的加工形式给后续的生产加工带来了极大的便利性,也给本案中生产模具的连续加工带来了极大的便利性。 On the whole, this case can complete continuous and alternate block processing between at least two mold boxes, which can greatly improve the processing efficiency of the entire production line. At the same time, in this case, the circular cutter was used to complete the removal of the redundant load-bearing matrix. Such a simple and efficient processing form brought great convenience to the subsequent production and processing, and also brought great convenience to the continuous processing of the production mold in this case. Great convenience.

Claims (5)

1. a production mould for combined type building block, described combined type building block comprises load-bearing matrix and at least one thermal insulator;
Described thermal insulator is made up of cement 40-60%, silicon ash 8-15%, hydrogen peroxide 3-5%, properties-correcting agent 0.5-1% and water 31-38% by weight percentage;
Described load-bearing matrix is made up of cement 20-40%, CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND 0-40%, construction refuse regenerated raw material 25-65%, flyash 10-40%, cellulosic club-shaped material 3-5%, hydrogen peroxidase 10 .10-0.40%, admixture 0.7-1.6% and water 20-36% by weight percentage;
Offer at least one accommodating hole in described load-bearing matrix, described thermal insulator to be located in described accommodating hole and to be combined with the inwall of described accommodating hole; It is characterized in that,
Described production mould comprises at least two along the moulding box of same circle distribution, the die cap that can rotate around the center of circle of described circumference and the rotating driving device in the center of circle being positioned at described circumference; Described moulding box and described load-bearing matrix adaptation;
Described die cap comprises main lid, Moveable lid body, linear drive apparatus and fixing lid from top to bottom successively, and described main lid rotates around the center of circle of described circumference under the driving of described rotating driving device; Described fixing lid is fixedly connected on the top of described main lid by some guide pillars, described Moveable lid body is socketed on some described guide pillars, described linear drive apparatus is connected between described Moveable lid body and fixing lid, drives described Moveable lid body to move up and down by described linear drive apparatus;
Described Moveable lid body is provided with at least one grouting hole and bottom surface is fixedly connected with pilot pin corresponding to some and described thermal insulator position, and described pilot pin comprises syringe needle and needle stand, and described syringe needle is connected on the bottom surface of removable cover by needle stand is dismountable;
Offer manhole in the middle part of described main lid, the internal diameter of described manhole is greater than the external circular diameter of described moulding box; The below of described main lid is connected with the annular cutting knife with described manhole concentric, and the blade of described annular cutting knife is arranged towards the axle center of annular cutting knife and consistent with the height of the end face of moulding box;
The bottom surface of described main lid is provided with cross section annular groove in T shape, and the end face of described annular cutting knife is provided with the annular protrusion with described annular groove adaptation, makes the rotatable below being connected to described main lid of described annular cutting knife;
Described main lid is connected with cutter actuating device away from described rotating driving device side, described cutter actuating device comprises motor, twisted spur gear one and twisted spur gear two, described twisted spur gear one is fixedly connected on the output shaft of described motor, the end face of described main lid offers the square hole for accommodating described twisted spur gear one, described square hole runs through described main lid; It is outer and be meshed with described twisted spur gear one that described twisted spur gear two is fixedly connected on described annular cutting knife.
2. the production mould of a kind of combined type building block according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with at least two accommodating holes be parallel to each other in described load-bearing matrix, and described accommodating hole runs through described load-bearing matrix.
3. the production mould of a kind of combined type building block according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described accommodating hole is the bar shape of rectangular in cross-section, circle or regular polygon, or is the frustum of rectangular in cross-section, circle or regular polygon.
4. the production mould of a kind of combined type building block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the circular slide rail with described circumference concentric is provided with outside moulding box described at least two, the cross section of described circular slide rail is up-small and down-big trapezoidal, and described main lid is connected with the slide block with described circular slide rail adaptation away from the below of the side of described rotating driving device.
5. the production mould of a kind of combined type building block according to claim 4, is characterized in that, be connected with some expansion brackets bottom described rotating driving device, is connected between described main lid and described slide block by expansion link.
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CN104085072B (en) * 2014-06-05 2018-03-27 烟台乾润泰新型建材有限公司 A kind of post moulding foaming polyphenyl sandwich compound heat insulation block making machine
CN104153512B (en) * 2014-08-06 2016-03-16 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 A kind of processing method of building waste foamed concrete composite heat insulation block
CN106988474A (en) * 2017-04-11 2017-07-28 浙江长兴博塔建材有限公司 Heat preserving wall brick
CN108589461B (en) * 2018-01-04 2020-06-30 温州市九成建设工程有限公司 A hollow model and a garden road construction technology using the hollow model
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CN111844366A (en) * 2020-07-29 2020-10-30 襄阳市政建设集团有限公司 Processing technology of composite heat-preservation concrete block
CN113442267B (en) * 2021-06-28 2022-06-28 邹平永和新型建材有限公司 Preparation device and method of perlite composite gangue shale sintered block
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