CN103832035B - A kind of cultivate edible fungi special shading cooling awning film - Google Patents

A kind of cultivate edible fungi special shading cooling awning film Download PDF

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CN103832035B
CN103832035B CN201410087008.6A CN201410087008A CN103832035B CN 103832035 B CN103832035 B CN 103832035B CN 201410087008 A CN201410087008 A CN 201410087008A CN 103832035 B CN103832035 B CN 103832035B
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film
layer
edible fungi
milky white
white reflector
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CN103832035A (en
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何京昌
樊亚绒
傅华康
马国维
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Zhejiang Gaoyuan New Material Technology Co ltd
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ZHEJIANG DEQING GAOYUAN PLASTIC FILM Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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Abstract

The invention discloses and a kind of cultivate the shading cooling awning film that edible fungi is special, be followed successively by light transmission protective layer, silvery reflection layer, the first milky white reflector layer, the second milky white reflector layer and black heat-insulation layer from outside to inside.The special shading cooling awning film of cultivation edible fungi that technical solution of the present invention prepares, in hot summer, utilize multilayer complex films to the total reflection of sunlight, dual diffuse-reflectance and absorption, interception can be played in amplitude peak ground, prevent from tanning by the sun for a long time and cause the injury of edible fungi in canopy, and effectively reduce the ambient temperature in canopy, build the cool, damp environment of edibility bacteria growing, be conducive to improving yield and the quality of edible fungi.Additionally, this awning film also has mechanics and the weather resistance of excellence, can effectively extending its service life, thus reducing the waste of awning film, meeting the social theme of energy-conserving and environment-protective.

Description

A kind of cultivate edible fungi special shading cooling awning film
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture greenhouse film field, be specifically related to a kind of cultivate edible fungi special shading cooling awning film.
Background technology
China is the country of current edible fungus culturing maximum in the world, processing, trade and consumption.There is relevant practitioner more than 1,800 ten thousand in the whole nation, and cultivar more than 60, by last year, China's edible fungi total output has accounted for more than the 80% of Gross World Product.Adding up according to the Ministry of Agriculture, at home in plant husbandry, edible fungi is only second to grain, cotton, oil, dish, really, occupies the 6th.
Edible fungi likes shady and cool moist mostly, and cultivation needs booth to shelter from heat or light, and avoids being exposed to the sun of long-term sunlight as far as possible.In the past, the agricultural straw screen or mat of mushroom, bark etc. shelter from heat or light at ceiling, last century Mo, and the sunshade net of black starts to widely apply in edible fungi booth.But in recent years, it has been found that the sunshade net of black is often sultryyer after absorbing a large amount of luminous energy, is unfavorable for Edible Fungi, especially rotten rod in summer situation is fairly common.Begin at some region with the black and white composite plastic film that latter is new to promote, this kind of outer Bai Neihei of film, during covering, white faces up, there is the reflection light ability of brute force, and black inwardly stops light to pass through to penetrate, play sunshading and temperature reducing effect, low 6-8 DEG C (the black and white film booth cultivation Auricuralia auricular rod technology that temperature of shed covers than other paulin and thin film, Edibleandmedicinalmushrooms2013,21 (3): 190~191).At present, the patent that black and white film is relevant relates to electron trade more, such as CN202727425U and CN102729552A etc., and the Patents of awning film relates to anti-droplet (such as CN103264563A and CN202439313U etc.) or heat-insulating agricultural film (such as CN203120582U, CN102187794A and CN2598337Y etc.) more, do not relate to cultivate edible fungi.
In recent years, summer high-temperature weather is constant, and the yield of many hot areas edible fungi and quality sharply decline, and cause no small economic loss to peasant.Main reason is that, nowadays hot summer, the highest temperature was up to more than 40 DEG C, and the white layer of black and white film is diffuse-reflectance face, it is impossible to keeps out so strong sunlight and irradiates, cause that greatly sunlight is absorbed by black layer, to such an extent as to the temperature in canopy steeply rises and is unfavorable for the growth of edible fungi.This is a difficult problem closely bound up and in the urgent need to address with peasant benefit, but does not occur effective solution so far yet.
Summary of the invention
For an above-mentioned difficult problem, the invention provides and a kind of cultivate the shading cooling awning film that edible fungi is special, the concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention a kind of cultivates the shading cooling awning film that edible fungi is special, is followed successively by light transmission protective layer, silvery reflection layer, the first milky white reflector layer, the second milky white reflector layer and black heat-insulation layer from outside to inside.
As further improvement, light transmission protective layer of the present invention is the plastic film layers of high printing opacity, and light transmittance is more than 95%.
As further improvement, light transmission protective layer thickness of the present invention is 15 μm~24 μm.
As further improvement, light transmission protective layer of the present invention be mainly composed of in pet film (PET), biaxial tension pet film (BOPET), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene film (LLDPE), metallocene linear-low density polyethylene (mLLDPE), modified polypropylene film (PP) or ethene improved-acetate ethylene copolymer thin film one or more.
As further improvement, silvery reflection layer of the present invention be mainly composed of silvery reflection powder and polyethylene film.
As further improvement, the thickness of silvery reflection layer of the present invention is 20 μm~30 μm.
As further improvement, the co-extrusion film that polyethylene film is LLDPE and LDPE in silvery reflection layer of the present invention, LLDPE content is 30%~60%, and LDPE content is 20%~65%.
As further improvement, in silvery reflection layer of the present invention, silvery reflection powder is aluminium powder, and particle diameter 500 order~3000 order, addition is 10%~20%.
As further improvement, the first milky white reflector layer of the present invention be mainly composed of inorganic filler and polyethylene film.
As further improvement, the thickness of the first milky white reflector layer of the present invention is 20 μm~30 μm.,
As further improvement, the co-extrusion film that polyethylene film is LLDPE and LDPE in the first milky white reflector layer of the present invention, LLDPE content is 25%~60%, and LDPE content is 20%~60%.
As further improvement, the inorganic filler in the first milky white reflector layer of the present invention is one or more in titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide or calcium carbonate, and particle diameter 500 order~1000 order, addition is 10%~30%.
As further improvement, the second milky white reflector layer of the present invention be mainly composed of inorganic filler and polyethylene film.
As further improvement, the thickness of the second milky white reflector layer of the present invention is 20 μm~30 μm.
As further improvement, the co-extrusion film that polyethylene film is LLDPE and LDPE in the second milky white reflector layer of the present invention, LLDPE content is 25%~60%, and LDPE content is 20%~60%.
As further improvement, the inorganic filler in the second milky white reflector layer of the present invention is one or more in titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate, and particle diameter 1000 order~2500 order, addition is 10%~30%.
As further improvement, black heat-insulation layer of the present invention be mainly composed of black filler and polyethylene film.
As further improvement, the thickness of black heat-insulation layer of the present invention is 25 μm~40 μm.
As further improvement, the co-extrusion film that polyethylene film is LLDPE and LDPE and mLLDPE in black heat-insulation layer of the present invention, LLDPE content is 25%~50%, and LDPE content is 20%~45%, and the content of mLLDPE is 10%~30%.
As further improvement, the black filler in black heat-insulation layer of the present invention is white carbon black, and particle diameter 500 order~3000 order, addition is 10%~35%.
Employing beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
According to the special shading cooling awning film of cultivation edible fungi that technical solution of the present invention prepares, in hot summer, utilize multilayer complex films to the total reflection of sunlight, dual diffuse-reflectance and absorption, interception can be played in amplitude peak ground, prevent from tanning by the sun for a long time and cause the injury of edible fungi in canopy, and effectively reduce the ambient temperature in canopy, build the cool, damp environment of edibility bacteria growing, be conducive to improving yield and the quality of edible fungi.Additionally, this awning film also has mechanics and the weather resistance of excellence, can effectively extending its service life, thus reducing the waste of awning film, meeting the social theme of energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation cultivating the special shading cooling awning film of edible fungi.
In figure, 1 is light transmission protective layer, and 2 is silvery reflection layer, and 3 is the first milky white reflector layer, and 4 is the second milky white luminescent layer, and 5 is black heat-insulation layer.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme is described further:
Embodiment 1
Described is a kind of cultivates the shading cooling awning film that edible fungi is special, is followed successively by light transmission protective layer 1, silvery reflection layer 2, first milky white reflector layer the 3, second milky white reflector layer 4 and black heat-insulation layer 5 from outside to inside.
Wherein, light transmission protective layer 1 is BOPET film, thickness 15 μm, light transmittance 97%.This layer of Main Function is that protection silvery reflection layer 2 is not scraped off and affects reflective, and the high light transmittance of BOPET can ensure that sunlight almost entirely enters the surface of next tunic and reflected.
Silvery reflection layer 2 thickness 20 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 30%, 55%, aluminium powder 3000 order, addition is 15%.Aluminium powder any surface finish, covering power is strong, and the reflecting effect of light and heat is good, and common aluminium powder can reflect the 60%~90% of visible ray, ultraviolet light and infrared light.Owing to being lamellar on aluminium powder microcosmic, having in the carrier and be easily formed in the parallel feature of substrate, thus sunlight can be produced total reflection by the plastic sheeting being filled with aluminium powder, there are about the sunlight of about 80% is reflected at this, and remaining 20% penetrates into next layer.
First milky white reflector layer 3 thickness 20 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 25%, 60%, inorganic filler is silicon dioxide, 500 orders, and addition is 15%.Owing to silicon dioxide is spheroidal particle, make the roughness of film surface and specific surface area be greatly increased after dispersion, therefore sunlight can be produced diffuse-reflectance;Second milky white reflector layer 4 thickness 20 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 30%, 60%, inorganic filler is silicon dioxide, 2500 orders, and addition is 10%.Owing to the particle diameter of inorganic filler in first and second milky white reflector layer 4 is different, cause that the surface roughness of reflector layer is also inconsistent, so remaining 20% sunlight remains little after this two-layer has the surface generation diffuse-reflectance of different roughness.
Black heat-insulation layer 5 thickness 30 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE and mLLDPE, and content respectively 35%, 30% and 20%, filler is white carbon black, 500 orders, and addition is 15%.This layer mainly has two functions, can absorb which floor residue sunlight before breaking through on the one hand, then at the cold heat radiation intercepting ground winter, can keep growing environment comparatively comfortable in canopy on the other hand.
Cultivate adopting the awning film prepared of this scheme of the invention and commercially available awning film to be used for the entrust edible fungi in base under one's name of Taizhou means of agricultural production, selecting afternoon 13:00 in summer, first test outdoor temperature is 33 DEG C, afterwards the temperature in test canopy, choose five positions and survey five temperature, try to achieve mean temperature.The commercially available temperature in awning film is 44 DEG C, and adopting scheme of the invention to prepare the temperature in awning film is 34 DEG C, and cooling-down effect is outstanding.Scheme of the invention is being adopted to prepare on awning film lid layer sunshade net again, re-test cooling-down effect, outdoor 34, DEG C indoor 28, DEG C this temperature is the safe temperature of edible fungi growth.
Comparative example 1
Design a kind of four layer composite greenhouse film similar with such scheme, the silvery reflection layer in the middle of removing, from top to bottom respectively light transmission protective layer, the first milky white reflector layer, the second milky white reflector layer and black heat-insulation layer.And these four layers of composite greenhouse films are carried out thermometric with commercially available awning film, five layers of composite greenhouse film under same environment, outdoor temperature 33 DEG C, the commercially available temperature in awning film is 44, and the temperature in DEG C four layers of awning film is 39 DEG C, and the temperature in five layers of awning film is 34 DEG C.
As can be seen here, technical scheme is technically characterized in that relative to the difference of comparative example 1 and adds silvery reflection layer, has outstanding reflection and heat insulation effect, and the cooling-down effect within edible fungi booth is obvious.
Embodiment 2
Described is a kind of cultivates the shading cooling awning film that edible fungi is special, is followed successively by light transmission protective layer 1, silvery reflection layer 2, first milky white reflector layer the 3, second milky white reflector layer 4 and black heat-insulation layer 5 from outside to inside.
Wherein, light transmission protective layer 1 is MODIFIED PP thin film, thickness 20 μm, light transmittance 96%;Silvery reflection layer 2 thickness 25 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 55%, 25%, aluminium powder 1500 order, addition is 20%;First milky white reflector layer 3 thickness 25 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 55%, 30%, inorganic filler is titanium dioxide, 800 orders, and addition is 15%;Second milky white reflector layer 4 thickness 25 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 60%, 25%, inorganic filler is titanium dioxide, 1500 orders, and addition is 15%;Black heat-insulation layer 5 thickness 30 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE and mLLDPE, and content respectively 45%, 20% and 15%, filler is white carbon black, 1500 orders, and addition is 20%.
Comparative example 2
Design a kind of similar from embodiment 2 technical scheme but that structural order is different five layers of composite greenhouse film; from top to bottom respectively light transmission protective layer, the first milky white reflector layer, the second milky white reflector layer, black heat-insulation layer and silvery reflection layer, referred to as five layers of composite greenhouse film 2.The five layers of composite greenhouse film adopting embodiment 3 technical scheme to prepare and five layers of composite greenhouse film 2 are carried out thermometric, outdoor temperature 35 under same environment, and the temperature in DEG C five layers of awning film is 34 DEG C, and the temperature in five layers of awning film 2 is 40 DEG C.
As can be seen here, technical scheme is technically characterized in that relative to the difference of comparative example 2 and designs silvery reflection layer at the second layer, can at utmost play the function of its reflection illumination, and when by silvery reflection layer as innermost layer after, greatly reduce effect of silvery reflection layer, cause that cooling-down effect is deteriorated.
Embodiment 3
Described is a kind of cultivates the shading cooling awning film that edible fungi is special, is followed successively by light transmission protective layer 1, silvery reflection layer 2, first milky white reflector layer the 3, second milky white reflector layer 4 and black heat-insulation layer 5 from outside to inside.
Wherein, light transmission protective layer 1 is (mLLDPE+LLDPE+LDPE) thin film, thickness 24 μm, light transmittance 97%;Silvery reflection layer 2 thickness 30 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 30%, 60%, aluminium powder 1000 order, addition is 10%;First milky white reflector layer 3 thickness 30 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 35%, 50%, inorganic filler is calcium carbonate, 500 orders, and addition is 15%;Second milky white reflector layer 4 thickness 30 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 25%, 55%, inorganic filler is calcium carbonate, 1000 orders, and addition is 20%;Black heat-insulation layer 5 thickness 40 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE and mLLDPE, and content respectively 45%, 30% and 10%, filler is white carbon black, 3000 orders, and addition is 15%.
Comparative example 3
A kind of five layers of composite greenhouse film of design, ground floor composition is LLDPE, thickness 24 μm, and second layer composition is (LLDPE+ aluminium powder), thickness 30 μm, aluminium powder 1000 order, and addition is 10%;Third layer thickness 30 μm, matrix is LLDPE, and inorganic filler is calcium carbonate, 500 orders, and addition is 15%;4th layer thickness 30 μm, matrix is LLDPE, and inorganic filler is calcium carbonate, 1000 orders, and addition is 20%;Layer 5 thickness 40 μm, matrix is LLDPE, and filler is white carbon black, 3000 orders, and addition is 15%.
With the awning film of comparative example 3, same thickness, the embodiment 3 of same grammes per square metre are carried out Mechanics Performance Testing simultaneously, and test result is as follows: the film in embodiment 3, hot strength longitudinal direction 39MPa, horizontal 31MPa, elongation at break vertical 680%, and horizontal 120%;Film in comparative example 3, hot strength longitudinal direction 23MPa, horizontal 18MPa, elongation at break longitudinal 290%, horizontal 88%.
As can be seen here, what technical scheme was technically characterized in that in black heat-insulation layer (5) relative to the difference of comparative example 3 to add mLLDPE, mLLDPE adds the mechanical property strengthening awning film, extends the service life of awning film.
Embodiment 4
Described is a kind of cultivates the shading cooling awning film that edible fungi is special, is followed successively by light transmission protective layer 1, silvery reflection layer 2, first milky white reflector layer the 3, second milky white reflector layer 4 and black heat-insulation layer 5 from outside to inside.
Wherein, light transmission protective layer 1 is (LLDPE+LDPE+mLLDPE) thin film, content respectively 35%, 45% and 20%, thickness 18 μm, light transmittance 97%;Silvery reflection layer 2 thickness 24 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 30%, 55%, aluminium powder 2500 order, addition is 15%;First milky white reflector layer 3 thickness 28 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 25%, 60%, inorganic filler is titanium dioxide, 900 orders, and addition is 15%;Second milky white reflector layer 4 thickness 22 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE, and content respectively 25%, 60%, inorganic filler is silicon dioxide, 2500 orders, and addition is 15%;Black heat-insulation layer 5 thickness 32 μm, in its main component, matrix is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE and mLLDPE, and content respectively 35%, 25% and 15%, filler is white carbon black, 2000 orders, and addition is 25%.
Listed above is only the some embodiments of the present invention; it is clear that the invention is not restricted to above example, it is also possible to there are many deformation; all deformation that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive from present disclosure or associate, are all considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. cultivate the shading cooling awning film that edible fungi is special for one kind, it is characterized in that, described awning film is followed successively by light transmission protective layer (1) from outside to inside, silvery reflection layer (2), first milky white reflector layer (3), second milky white reflector layer (4) and black heat-insulation layer (5), described silvery reflection layer (2) includes silvery reflection powder and polyethylene film, the first described milky white reflector layer (3), second milky white reflector layer (4) includes inorganic filler and polyethylene film, described inorganic filler is titanium dioxide, one or more in silicon dioxide or calcium carbonate, particle diameter 500 order~1000 order of the inorganic filler of the first described milky white reflector layer (3), particle diameter 1000 order~2500 order of the inorganic filler in the second milky white reflector layer (4), described polyethylene film is the co-extrusion film of LLDPE and LDPE.
2. the shading cooling awning film that cultivation edible fungi according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that the plastic film layers that described light transmission protective layer (1) is high printing opacity, light transmittance is more than 95%, and thickness is 15 μm~24 μm.
3. the shading cooling awning film that cultivation edible fungi according to claim 2 is special; it is characterized in that, described light transmission protective layer (1) be mainly composed of in pet film (PET), biaxial tension pet film (BOPET), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene film (LLDPE), metallocene linear-low density polyethylene (mLLDPE), modified polypropylene film (PP) or ethene improved-acetate ethylene copolymer thin film one or more.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 cultivate edible fungi special shading cooling awning film, it is characterised in that the thickness of described silvery reflection layer (2) is 20 μm~30 μm.
5. the shading cooling awning film that cultivation edible fungi according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that described LLDPE content is 30%~60%, LDPE content is 20%~65%, described silvery reflection powder is aluminium powder, and particle diameter 500 order~3000 order, addition is 10%~20%.
6. the shading cooling awning film that cultivation edible fungi according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that described the first milky white reflector layer (3), the thickness of the second milky white reflector layer (4) are 20 μm~30 μm.
7. according to claim 1 or 6 cultivate edible fungi special shading cooling awning film, it is characterized in that, in described the first milky white reflector layer (3), the polyethylene film of the second milky white reflector layer (4), LLDPE content is 25%~60%, and LDPE content is 20%~60%.
8. according to claim 1 or 6 cultivate edible fungi special shading cooling awning film, it is characterised in that the addition of the inorganic filler of the first described milky white reflector layer (3) is 10%~30%;The addition of the inorganic filler in the second milky white reflector layer (4) is 10%~30%.
9. according to claim 5 or 6 cultivate edible fungi special shading cooling awning film, it is characterised in that described black heat-insulation layer (5) thickness be 25 μm~40 μm, including black filler and polyethylene film.
10. the shading cooling awning film that cultivation edible fungi according to claim 9 is special, it is characterized in that, the co-extrusion film that polyethylene film is LLDPE and LDPE and mLLDPE in described black heat-insulation layer (5), LLDPE content is 25%~50%, LDPE content is 20%~45%, and the content of mLLDPE is 10%~30%, and described black filler is white carbon black, particle diameter 500 order~3000 order, addition is 15%~35%.
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CN104885780A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-09-09 丽水市瑞芝食用菌科技有限公司 Insulation material capable of reducing temperature in edible fungus greenhouse and matched cultivation process
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JP6779298B2 (en) 2016-01-22 2020-11-04 エービー ルドヴィグ スヴェンソンAb Ludvig Svensson Greenhouse screen
CN105542291A (en) * 2016-03-10 2016-05-04 天津市新姿科技发展有限公司 Ultra-thin PE (polyethylene) film for packaging bag
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Patentee after: ZHEJIANG GAOYUAN NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.

Address before: 313213 Yu Yue Development Zone, Deqing, Zhejiang, Huzhou

Patentee before: ZHEJIANG DEQING GAOYUAN PLASTIC FILM Co.,Ltd.

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Denomination of invention: A kind of shading and cooling greenhouse film specially used for cultivating edible fungi

Effective date of registration: 20220801

Granted publication date: 20160629

Pledgee: Yuyue sub branch of Zhejiang Deqing Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd.

Pledgor: ZHEJIANG GAOYUAN NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.

Registration number: Y2022330001572