CN103825332A - Direct-current (DC) output system capable of effectively protecting fuel battery and reducing amount of energy storage batteries - Google Patents
Direct-current (DC) output system capable of effectively protecting fuel battery and reducing amount of energy storage batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN103825332A CN103825332A CN201410079376.6A CN201410079376A CN103825332A CN 103825332 A CN103825332 A CN 103825332A CN 201410079376 A CN201410079376 A CN 201410079376A CN 103825332 A CN103825332 A CN 103825332A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-current (DC) output system capable of effectively protecting a fuel battery and reducing the amount of energy storage batteries. The direct-current output system comprises an alternating-current (AC) charging system, a DC charging system, a DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, a bus, a rectifying diode and a resistor; an energy storage battery is connected with a load through the bus and the rectifying diode; one path of the fuel battery is connected with the load through the DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system and the bus, and the other path of the fuel battery is connected with the energy storage battery through the DC charging system; one path of an electric supply is connected with the load, and the other path of the electric supply is connected with the energy storage battery through the AC charging system; the DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system is connected in parallel with the resistor. Through effectively increasing the output efficiency of the fuel battery to provide protection for the fuel battery under different conditions, the stable and efficient power can be provided for a long term or discontinuously or immediately, the seamless charging-to-discharging conversion among the electric supply, the fuel battery and the energy storage battery is realized, a large amount of energy storage batteries are replaced, and the function for providing uninterrupted power for the load for infinitely long time is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cells applications technical field, be specifically related to a kind of direct current output system of effective protection fuel cell minimizing energy-storage battery quantity.
Background technology
On line type UPS or mobile back-up source adopt energy-storage battery more in the market, and wherein major part is lead-acid battery, and indivedual occasions are used lithium battery or nickel-cadmium cell.Lead-acid battery not only have in process of production pollution and bulky, weight is too large, needs periodic maintenance, the shortcoming that power-on time is limited.Lithium battery and nickel-cadmium cell also exist power-on time limited, buying and the higher shortcoming of maintenance cost.Comprehensive above factor, existing energy-storage battery system has pollution on producing, and need plan in advance place (floor space is wide, weight is large) when establishment, and power-on time is limited, many places not fully up to expectations such as mobile inconvenience and maintenance cost height.
In existing numerous distributed generation technologies, the feature such as fuel cell has that efficiency is high, environmental protection, dynamic characteristic are outstanding, is called as the distributed power source in 21st century.Along with constantly increasing the weight of of present power shortages present situation, fuel cell is incorporated into the power networks and just gradually becomes a large trend.At present, also there is the stand-by power supply take fuel cell as main power source in scientific research institution, but be conceptual machine, discharges and recharges in control in the protection of fuel cell and the energy-storage battery of auxiliary power supply, all cannot meet real work requirement in actual life.Because fuel cell output is a direct current energy that change in voltage scope is very large, voltage fluctuation is large, poor stability, in the time that the larger occasion of load variations is used fuel cell, the quality of power supply can not be guaranteed, and fuel cell grid-connected system require output be a stable AC energy, the electric energy of output cannot directly be applied, therefore, in fuel cell generation, transformation of electrical energy is an indispensable link.
Along with the development of power electronic technology, the advantage such as power application electronics translation circuit has conversion efficiency high as transformation of electrical energy, and power density is large, has become the first-selection of transformation of electrical energy in distributed generation system.But existing power control technology is in voltage stabilizing, DC/AC conversion, energy-storage battery discharges and recharges and reasonably designs with all neither ones that is connected of civil power, on many employings market, existing solar charger and UPS coordinate, but solar charger is simply divided into two electric power at control fuel cell, a part is given UPS and is reverse into AC220V output, a part is given energy-storage battery charging, thisly be designed with two drawbacks: 1, distributing electric power is unreasonable: when fuel cell has just started, fan-out capability a little less than, and now battery charging and load are carried out simultaneously, increase the weight of the load of fuel cell, increase the waste of fuel cell fan-out capability, 2, charging control ability is poor: solar charger is poor to the charge function of energy-storage battery, to lead-acid battery charging still can, for example, when other energy-storage batteries (lithium battery) are charged, the reasonable ability to transform of charge mode is very poor.
In existing document, also there are many trials about improving fuel cell power energy output quality, as Wang Zan, Xiao Lan, tight Rangoon. in " the control research of the Push-pull Forward Converter based on fuel cell " (Proceedings of the CSEE, 2007,27 (33), Push-pull Forward Converter 82-86) designing in a literary composition, has proposed two CDD passive and nondestructive box-bit circuits, makes system have well stable and dynamic effects, but output is direct current, can not directly apply.Li Qi, profound credit are added, Qu Yongjiang is at " the electroresponse research of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells " (battery, 2006,36 (5): 359-361) the fuel cell inversion control strategy proposing in a literary composition can make the electric current of output have less steady-state error, but does not possess the control requirement to power output.
In the disclosed technical scheme of patent 2011100815244 " based on fuel cell pay no attention to power-off source power supply system and method for supplying power to thereof ", coordinating civil power, auxiliary power supply, operation of fuel cells by the electric power system being made up of control system, main circuit power supply unit, bypass power supply unit, stand-by power supply unit the external continual electric energy that provides has been provided, and long-time, stable electric energy power supply can be provided the in the situation that of civil power power-off.The effect of this kind of fuel cell electric power system is mainly, in the time cannot continuing offered load electric power as civil power because of some situation, can utilize fuel cell system that electric power is provided, and does not interrupt with the work that makes load.And fuel cell system is different from general non-firm power source, in the time of load change, fuel cell system needs some to carry out the reaction time of electrochemical reaction, and just can carry out taking out of certain power to fuel cell system and carry when reaching after time rating, so just can avoid the shortening of fuel cell system lifetime.In the time must significantly promoting the power stage of fuel cell system, export required power as made immediately the fuel cell pack in fuel cell system thereupon, will cause because the reaction time is not enough the irreversible injury of fuel cell system, after accumulation a period of time, fuel cell system will permanent damages.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to solve the problems such as traditional standby power-supply system utilization ratio is low, energy consumption is high, volume is large; improve protection and control to fuel cell, energy-storage battery, the present invention proposes a kind of direct current output system of effective protection fuel cell minimizing energy-storage battery quantity simultaneously.
Technical scheme: in order to realize foregoing invention object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Effective protection fuel cell reduces a direct current output system for energy-storage battery quantity, comprises AC charging system, DC charging system, DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, bus, rectifier diode and resistance; Energy-storage battery is connected with load by described bus, rectifier diode; Fuel cell is leaded up to described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, bus and is connected with load, and the described DC charging system of leading up to is connected with energy-storage battery; Civil power one tunnel is connected with load, and the described AC charging system of leading up to is connected with energy-storage battery; Described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system is in parallel with described resistance.
Preferably, in the time that civil power is normal, civil power divides two-way output, and load is directly exported on a road, and a road outputs to energy-storage battery and guarantees that energy-storage battery is all the time in saturation condition through AC charging system.
Preferably, in the time of city's electrical anomaly, energy-storage battery provides load electric in time, and starting fluid battery, point two-way output after fuel cell start-up is stable, and a road is connected with load through voltage-stabilizing system, bus, and a road is connected with energy-storage battery through DC charging system.
Preferably, the enabling signal of described fuel cell is provided by described AC charging system.
Preferably, described DC charging system judges whether to charge to energy-storage battery according to the size of described fuel cell output power.
Preferably, described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system has electric current unidirectional cutoff function.
Preferably, described DC charging system has electric current unidirectional cutoff function.
Preferably, after fuel cell is shut down, described resistance conducting, for the residual hydrogen of consume fuel inside battery.
Preferably, described rectifier diode is for separating charging circuit and the output circuit of energy-storage battery.
Beneficial effect: the present invention has taken into full account the operating characteristic of fuel cell has adopted MPPT technology in voltage-stabilizing system, has guaranteed to greatest extent the output of fuel cell; DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system and DC charging system are equipped with electric current unidirectional cutoff function, and the protection system with parallel resistance formation fuel cell, plays the effect of protection fuel cell, has extended the useful life of fuel cell.
In the present invention, two of energy-storage battery kinds of charging modes all adopt Intelligent charging system, have both guaranteed the maximum output of fuel cell, can guarantee again the charging of energy-storage battery current limiting pressure-limiting under two kinds of charged states of alternating current-direct current; Set up rectifier diode, charging circuit and output circuit are separated, increased the reliability of charging and output.
Energy-storage battery capacity in the present invention is very little, take the stand-by power supply of fan-out capability 3KW as example, in the present invention, energy-storage battery is less than 20KG, and traditional standby battery is at 800-1000KG, weight, the volume of energy-storage battery are reduced in a large number, can effectively reduce the use amount of energy-storage battery, further reduce the use cost of energy-storage battery and manufacture the environmental pollution bringing.
In the present invention, each system has all reached maximum fan-out capability, has improved the service efficiency of energy-storage battery, fuel cell, reduces energy consumption; And each system adopts modularized design, can expand different capacity output requirement according to output demand difference, different or while breaking down at power, can directly expand and change respective modules, be convenient to production management and maintenance, reach enterprise moduleization and manage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, system configuration of the present invention and operation principle are described in detail.
Effective protection fuel cell as shown in Figure 1 reduces the direct current output system of energy-storage battery quantity, comprises AC charging system, DC charging system, DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, bus, rectifier diode and resistance.After civil power input, be divided into two-way, a road outputs to client UPS or DC load, and a road outputs to energy-storage battery through AC charging system; Energy-storage battery is connected with client UPS or DC load through bus, rectifier diode; Fuel cell one tunnel is connected with client UPS or DC load through voltage-stabilizing system, bus, and a road is connected with energy-storage battery through DC charging system.Heavy black line in figure represents bus.
AC charging system is connected with Fuel Cell Control System, for fuel cell start-up signal is provided; AC charging system has following function, and the first, in the time using as AC power as DC power supply and external DC/AC inverter separately, play detecting energy-storage battery voltage, the function of fuel cell start-up signal is provided in time.The second, while use as the stand-by power supply of on line type UPS, detecting energy-storage battery voltage charges to it in the time meeting energy-storage battery charge condition, and detects civil power and have no signal, and the function of fuel cell start-up signal is provided when power-off in time.
The resistance of a DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system 5-20W in parallel; when after fuel cell shutdown; Fuel Cell Control System controlling resistance load conducting; consume the residual hydrogen of fuel battery inside; avoid fuel cell under non-loaded situation; with oxygen reaction in air and charged, further protect fuel cell.
DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system and DC charging system adopt MPPT modular design, MPPT is maximum power point tracking technology, be usually used in solar cell industry, it can detecting real-time fuel cell output voltage and follow the trail of maximum voltage current value, improve fuel cell delivery efficiency, comparable traditional DC/DC conversion efficiency improves 40-50%.
DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system and DC charging system all have electric current unidirectional cutoff function; protection system with parallel resistance formation fuel cell; avoid external circuit or energy-storage battery to have reverse current to fuel cell; protect to a great extent fuel cell; avoid in the time that fuel cell both positive and negative polarity has reverse current, the fuel cell short time is burned.
Energy-storage battery output circuit installs rectifier diode additional; play the effect of unidirectional cutoff electric current, avoid external circuit or fuel cell by the unshielded charging of electric discharge bus, the charging of energy-storage battery must be completed by charging system; make energy-storage battery reach intelligent charge, extend the energy-storage battery life-span.
Operation principle and process: 1, in the time that civil power is normal, civil power divides two-way output, and client UPS or DC load are directly exported in a road, and a road outputs to energy-storage battery and guarantees that energy-storage battery is all the time in saturation condition through AC charging system.
2, in the time of city's electrical anomaly, energy-storage battery provides client UPS or DC load electric power in time, and starting fluid battery, fuel cell start-up is rear point of two-way output steadily, and a road outputs to client UPS or DC load by bus after the voltage stabilizing of DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system; One tunnel is connected with energy-storage battery through DC charging system, and DC charging system judges whether to energy-storage battery charging according to the size of fuel cell output power, and then guarantees the output of fuel cell maximum function.
It is main power source that the present invention adopts fuel cell, and fuel cell is the typical case invention of clean energy resource, it be in operation noiselessness, unglazed, there is no a large amount of heat generations, product be water, pollution-free; And energy source is oxygen and hydrogen, oxygen derives from atmosphere, and hydrogen can adopt caisson to be equipped with, and can realize online replacing caisson, in unlimited time, free of discontinuities formula power supply.
Small volume of the present invention, conveniently moving, take the stand-by power supply of a fan-out capability 3KW as example, use the approximately 800-1000KG of traditional standby power supply weight of lead-acid battery, and use stand-by power supply of the present invention only to have 600*600*1200mm, shortage in weight 100KG, and system disposition universal wheel, easily shift position.
The present invention adopts the technology such as MPPT, smart allocation, multiple spot detecting, improves to greatest extent electric power delivery efficiency.Take the backup power system of fuel cell of rated output power 3KW as example, in the time that external loading is less than 1.5KW, DC charging system can be opened charge mode, and fuel cell starts energy-storage battery charging; When load is during higher than 1.5KW, DC charging system charge closing pattern, fuel cell only supplies load electric, has guaranteed so the maximum fan-out capability of fuel cell, has improved the delivery efficiency of fuel cell maximum, has solved the waste of fuel cell fan-out capability.Aspect circuit, also combine the feature of energy-storage battery applicability, for example, applicable to the use occasion of energy-storage battery (as UPS stand-by power supply); Whole system is taked modularized design, is convenient to upgrading and safeguards.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. effectively protect fuel cell to reduce a direct current output system for energy-storage battery quantity, it is characterized in that: comprise AC charging system, DC charging system, DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, bus, rectifier diode and resistance; Energy-storage battery is connected with load by described bus, rectifier diode; Fuel cell is leaded up to described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, bus and is connected with load, and the described DC charging system of leading up to is connected with energy-storage battery; Civil power one tunnel is connected with load, and the described AC charging system of leading up to is connected with energy-storage battery; Described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system is in parallel with described resistance.
2. effective protection fuel cell according to claim 1 reduces the direct current output system of energy-storage battery quantity; it is characterized in that: in the time that civil power is normal; civil power divides two-way output; load is directly exported on one tunnel, and a road outputs to energy-storage battery and guarantees that energy-storage battery is all the time in saturation condition through AC charging system.
3. effective protection fuel cell according to claim 1 reduces the direct current output system of energy-storage battery quantity,, it is characterized in that: the enabling signal of described fuel cell is provided by described AC charging system.
4. effective protection fuel cell according to claim 3 reduces the direct current output system of energy-storage battery quantity,, it is characterized in that: described DC charging system judges whether to charge to energy-storage battery according to the size of described fuel cell output power.
5. effective protection fuel cell according to claim 1 reduces the direct current output system of energy-storage battery quantity,, it is characterized in that: described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system has electric current unidirectional cutoff function.
6. effective protection fuel cell according to claim 1 reduces the direct current output system of energy-storage battery quantity,, it is characterized in that: described DC charging system has electric current unidirectional cutoff function.
7. effective protection fuel cell according to claim 1 reduces the direct current output system of energy-storage battery quantity,, it is characterized in that: after fuel cell is shut down, described resistance conducting, for the residual hydrogen of consume fuel inside battery.
8. effective protection fuel cell according to claim 1 reduces the direct current output system of energy-storage battery quantity,, it is characterized in that: described rectifier diode is for separating charging circuit and the output circuit of energy-storage battery.
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| CN109216735A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-15 | 奥迪股份公司 | The cutting of fuel cell |
| CN109599935A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-09 | 佛山索弗克氢能源有限公司 | Light hydrogen energy-storage power supplying apparatus and its method of supplying power to |
| CN110723020A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-24 | 中弗(无锡)新能源有限公司 | Fuel cell power generation, storage and charging system and method |
| CN111799881A (en) * | 2020-06-06 | 2020-10-20 | 北京潞电电气设备有限公司 | Uninterrupted power supply system for load and control method |
| CN113452129A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-09-28 | 盛隆电气集团有限公司 | Control method and control system of electric energy quality monitoring device |
| CN114069820A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-18 | 周雅娟 | Energy storage and power supply system, control method and storage medium |
| CN114844198A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-02 | 海南天宇科技集团有限公司 | Power architecture combining uninterruptible power system and solid hydrogen storage bottle |
| CN115176395A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2022-10-11 | 博隆能源股份有限公司 | Fault tolerant electrical architecture for fuel cell systems |
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