CN103823104A - Circuit for measuring positive voltage and negative voltage in automatic ranging mode under single power supply condition - Google Patents
Circuit for measuring positive voltage and negative voltage in automatic ranging mode under single power supply condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN103823104A CN103823104A CN201410060935.9A CN201410060935A CN103823104A CN 103823104 A CN103823104 A CN 103823104A CN 201410060935 A CN201410060935 A CN 201410060935A CN 103823104 A CN103823104 A CN 103823104A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a circuit for measuring the positive voltage and the negative voltage in an automatic ranging mode under the single power supply condition. The circuit comprises a voltage conversion network, a buffer and a single-chip microcomputer. A positive voltage and negative voltage signal which is input externally passes through the voltage conversion network first, and the voltage conversion network divides the voltages of the input signal and maps the positive voltage and the negative voltage into a positive voltage section; after being adjusted through the voltage conversion network, the input signal is adjusted to be at the maximum value allowed by the input range of the later-stage buffer, and therefore the integrity of the signal is maintained as much as possible. The voltage signal is buffered through the buffer and then output to the later-stage circuit; meanwhile, the voltage signal is detected by the single-chip microcomputer and then fed back to the voltage conversion network so that the output voltage of the voltage conversion network can be adjusted, and the output voltage of the voltage conversion network can meet the requirement for the maximum input voltage of the buffer as much as possible. The detection circuit can detect the positive voltage and the negative voltage under the single power supply condition and has the advantages of being wide in range and high in accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic technology and signal detection technique field, particularly, relate to a kind of automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply.
Background technology
Because the supply voltage in signal processing circuit is more and more lower, the accessible voltage range of circuit is also more and more less.And the voltage signal scope of real world is much bigger, and in signal, also have various errors and noise, the input signal of circuit not necessarily always can remain in the process range of circuit.If meet the variation range of input signal, the performance requirement of subsequent conditioning circuit will improve, and the complexity of circuit and power consumption all can increase, and corresponding, the complexity of printed circuit board and area also can increase thereupon.
In actual applications, the input signal V of circuit
inscope first can be subject to the restriction of late-class circuit input range.Particularly in the time that late-class circuit is single power supply, if input signal V
infor negative voltage, circuit must normally be worked.And due to the existence of various errors and interference, input signal V
inactual value and theoretical value also can there is certain deviation, as input signal V
inwhile exceeding the input range of late-class circuit, late-class circuit also cannot normally be worked, and even can damage.Therefore, late-class circuit is necessary to adapt to and monitors input signal V
invariation, circuit self is damaged avoiding.Adapt to input signal V
invariation range, on the one hand can estimate input signal V
inmaximum changing range, the input range of late-class circuit is expanded to and can meet input signal V
invariation requirement; On the other hand can be by input signal V
individing potential drop, thus the scope of circuit input signal reduced.But the input range that improves late-class circuit can make circuit become more complicated.Particularly at input signal V
inin situation for negative voltage, late-class circuit must also adopt dual power supply, and this will increase the complicacy of circuit greatly.And the lifting of input range must be accompanied by the lifting of supply voltage, the power consumption of circuit can increase.If adopt the resistor voltage divider circuit of fixed partial pressure ratio by input signal V
individing potential drop, so as input signal V
inhour can cause the input signal of late-class circuit too small, the many information in input signal will be submerged, circuit precise decreasing.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for deficiency of the prior art, provides a kind of automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply, can detect generating positive and negative voltage to realize under the condition of single power supply.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above employing comprises:
A kind of automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply, comprise: voltage transitions network, impact damper and single-chip microcomputer, wherein, the output terminal of voltage transitions network is connected with the input end of impact damper, the output terminal of impact damper connects the input end of single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer output control signal is to the control end of voltage transitions network; The positive/negative voltage signal of outside input is adjusted to positive voltage scope through voltage transitions network; Impact damper does the output signal of exporting this tension measuring circuit after first-level buffer to the signal of voltage transitions network output, give respectively late-class circuit and single-chip microcomputer; Single-chip microcomputer carries out logic judgement to the output signal that is received from impact damper, then export control signal to voltage transitions network, output to voltage transitions network is adjusted, and makes the output voltage of voltage transitions network approach the maximal value that impact damper can allow as far as possible.
Preferably, voltage transitions network comprises bleeder circuit, MUX and precision resister, wherein, bleeder circuit carries out dividing potential drop to outside input voltage, it comprises the multiple high precision build-out resistors that are one another in series and connect, one end of the series circuit being made up of these high precision build-out resistors receives the positive/negative voltage signal of outside input, other end ground connection; And between adjacent two resistance in seriess, draw an output terminal, as the output terminal of bleeder circuit; Each input end of MUX correspondingly connects the output terminal of bleeder circuit, and its control end receives the control signal from single-chip microcomputer, and the output terminal of MUX connects the input end of impact damper; MUX is selected suitable intrinsic standoff ratio according to the control signal of single-chip microcomputer, determines thus which output terminal that is communicated with bleeder circuit; Resistance is connected between the output terminal of MUX and the power supply of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply, together with MUX, the positive/negative voltage signal of outside input is adjusted to suitable positive voltage scope with bleeder circuit.
Preferably, impact damper comprises matching transistor, the first resistance, the second resistance, the 3rd resistance, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity, current source and operational amplifier, wherein, the first resistance and the first Capacitance parallel connection connect to form the first RC circuit in parallel, the transistorized base stage of one end matching connection of the first RC circuit in parallel, the other end of the first RC circuit in parallel is as the input end of impact damper; The second resistance and the second Capacitance parallel connection connect to form the second RC circuit in parallel, transistorized another base stage of one end matching connection of the second RC circuit in parallel; Two collectors of matching transistor are connected with two input ends of operational amplifier respectively, and two emitters of matching transistor connect current source jointly, and the other end ground connection of current source; One end of the 4th resistance and the 5th resistance is connected to respectively two collectors of matching transistor, the other end of the 4th resistance and the 5th resistance is connected one end of the 3rd resistance jointly, and the other end of the 3rd resistance is connected to the power supply of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply; The output terminal of operational amplifier is as the output terminal of impact damper; And the other end of the second RC circuit in parallel is connected to the output terminal of operational amplifier, as the negative feedback of impact damper.
Preferably, single-chip microcomputer adopts integrated circuit (IC) chip, it has the ADC module carrying, the input port of the ADC module of single-chip microcomputer receives the output signal from impact damper, this output signal is carried out AD conversion and carried out logic analysis, then export control signal to voltage transitions network, the output of voltage transitions network is adjusted, make the output voltage of voltage transitions network approach the maximal value that impact damper can allow as far as possible.
There is following useful technique effect according to the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply of the present invention:
1, voltage transitions network according to the present invention is expanded the scope of input voltage, no longer be confined to positive voltage scope, and be no longer confined to the input range of rear class impact damper, the logic function that makes full use of single-chip microcomputer 3 inside has realized automatic control and the conversion of range.In addition, owing to having increased matching transistor U2 at the input end of operational amplifier U3, the input resistance of impact damper is increased, the precision of circuit is improved.If late-class circuit need to do further processing to the output signal of this circuit, also the signal processing circuit of single-chip microcomputer and rear class can be merged.The complexity of circuit there is not variation substantially like this, simultaneously can also be in the time that the variation range of input signal be larger the precision of holding circuit.
2, because the resistor network of tension measuring circuit front end is for this reason all to disperse components and parts, thereby install while using on erose printed circuit board more flexibly, more can make full use of limited space.The integrated circuit modules of using in circuit is all very little, can not take too many area.In addition, what this tension measuring circuit was selected is all conventional components and parts, is easy to obtain, with low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is according to the block diagram of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is according to the circuit theory diagrams of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is according to the equivalent circuit diagram of the voltage transitions network in the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit according to single power supply of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, comprise voltage transitions network 1, impact damper 2 and single-chip microcomputer 3 according to the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply of the present invention.Wherein, the output terminal of voltage transitions network 1 is connected with the input end of impact damper 2, and the output terminal of impact damper 2 connects the input end of single-chip microcomputer 3, and single-chip microcomputer 3 is exported the control end of control signal to voltage transitions network 1.
The positive/negative voltage signal V of outside input
inbe adjusted to positive voltage scope through voltage transitions network 1.The signal that impact damper 2 is exported voltage transitions network 1 is output signal output V after first-level buffer
outgive respectively late-class circuit and single-chip microcomputer 3.Single-chip microcomputer is to the output signal V from impact damper 2
outcarry out logic judgement, then export control signal to voltage transitions network 1, the output of voltage transitions network 1 is adjusted, make the output voltage of voltage transitions network 1 approach 2 maximal values that can allow of impact damper as far as possible.Wherein, 2 maximal values that can allow of impact damper, by its supply voltage, VCC determines.
Fig. 2 shows the circuit working principle of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 2, voltage transitions network comprises bleeder circuit, MUX U1 and precision resister R0.Wherein, bleeder circuit carries out dividing potential drop to outside input voltage, and it comprises the multiple high precision build-out resistors that are one another in series and connect, and one end of the series circuit being made up of these high precision build-out resistors receives the positive/negative voltage signal V of outside input
in, other end ground connection; And between adjacent two resistance in seriess, draw an output terminal, as the output terminal of bleeder circuit.Each input end of MUX correspondingly connects the output terminal of bleeder circuit, and its control end receives the control signal from single-chip microcomputer 3, and the output terminal of MUX connects the input end of impact damper 2.MUX is selected suitable intrinsic standoff ratio according to the control signal of single-chip microcomputer 3, determines thus which output terminal that is communicated with bleeder circuit.Resistance R 0 is connected between the output terminal of MUX and the power supply VCC of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply, the positive/negative voltage signal V together with MUX, outside being inputted with bleeder circuit
inbe adjusted to positive voltage scope.Here it should be noted that, the quantity of the included high precision build-out resistor of bleeder circuit is determined according to the realistic accuracy demand of circuit.And MUX U1 input end quantity at least to equate with the quantity of the output terminal of bleeder circuit.
Wherein, the first resistance R 1 and the first capacitor C 1 are connected in parallel and form the first RC circuit in parallel, a base stage of one end matching connection transistor U2 of the first RC circuit in parallel, and the other end of the first RC circuit in parallel is as the input end of impact damper; The second resistance R 2 and the second capacitor C 2 are connected in parallel and form the second RC circuit in parallel, another base stage of one end matching connection transistor U2 of the second RC circuit in parallel.
Two collectors of matching transistor U2 are connected with two input ends of operational amplifier U3 respectively, and two emitters of matching transistor U2 connect current source I jointly
sS, current source I
sSother end ground connection.
One end of the 4th resistance R 4 and the 5th resistance R 5 is two collectors of matching connection transistor U2 respectively, the other end of the 4th resistance R 4 and the 5th resistance R 5 is connected one end of the 3rd resistance R 3 jointly, and the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3 is connected to the power supply VCC of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply.
The output terminal of operational amplifier U3 is as the output terminal of impact damper 2.And the other end of the second RC circuit in parallel is connected to the output terminal of operational amplifier U3, as the negative feedback of impact damper 2.
Wherein, matching transistor U2, operational amplifier U3 and current source are that those skilled in the art can easily select according to the actual demand of the description of this instructions and circuit from prior art, at this, are not described in detail.
Single-chip microcomputer 3 adopts integrated circuit (IC) chip, and it has the ADC module carrying, the output signal V of the input port reception buffer 2 of the ADC module of single-chip microcomputer 3
out, to this output signal V
outcarry out AD conversion and carry out logic analysis, output control signal, to voltage transitions network 1, is adjusted the output of voltage transitions network 1, makes the output voltage of voltage transitions network 1 approach 2 maximal values that can allow of impact damper as far as possible.
This metering circuit, in the time of application, first programming program in single-chip microcomputer, comprises the initial value of setting bleeder circuit intrinsic standoff ratio, the algorithm that circuit output signal is carried out to logic judgement, and the condition that suitable intrinsic standoff ratio should be satisfied.Outside input signal V
inafter voltage transitions network, export this tension measuring circuit output signal V after doing first-level buffer via impact damper 2
out.Wherein, the first RC circuit in parallel is for the output signal of voltage transitions network is carried out to filtering, and matching transistor U2 is for improving the input resistance of impact damper 2.Output voltage V
outin exporting to late-class circuit, another base stage of returning on the one hand matching transistor U2 after the second RC circuit filtering in parallel is done the negative feedback of impact damper; Export on the other hand single-chip microcomputer 3 and do the negative feedback of this voltage detecting circuit.By single-chip microcomputer to output signal V
outcarry out logic judgement.Determine that by the program of prior burned single-chip microcomputer whether current intrinsic standoff ratio is suitable, bigger than normal or less than normal, then export suitable control signal to MUX, adjust intrinsic standoff ratio.If after adjusting, new output signal is not still best intrinsic standoff ratio through the judgement of single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer is exported new control signal again to MUX, again adjusts intrinsic standoff ratio.So circulation, until output signal meets the condition setting in advance in program.And this condition has guaranteed that voltage conversion circuit 1 can have one to match with input signal all the time, and meet the best intrinsic standoff ratio of the input range of impact damper.
Voltage transitions network in Fig. 2 can equivalence become the circuit shown in Fig. 3.Wherein, R
0aand R
0bthat bleeder circuit R01-R0N in Fig. 2 is determining the equivalent bleeder circuit after intrinsic standoff ratio, R
mbe the equivalent conduction impedance of MUX U1, according to superposition theorem, the voltage transitive relation of this voltage transitions network is as follows:
In formula, V
0represent the output of voltage transitions network, V
inrepresent the input of voltage transitions network, V
cCrepresent the power supply of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply.
According to above-mentioned relation formula, the generating positive and negative voltage of input can be converted to positive voltage, thereby makes the capable processing variation scope of circuit of single power supply below reach the signal of negative voltage.
In metering circuit according to the present invention, resistance value and the capacitance of the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the 3rd resistance R 3, the 4th resistance R 4, the 5th resistance R 5, the first capacitor C 1 and the second capacitor C 2 will meet following requirement:
C1=C2，R1=R2，R3=R4=R5。
Wherein, the 3rd resistance R 3, the 4th resistance R 4, the 5th resistance R 5 preferably adopt build-out resistor.
The capacitance of the resistance value of the first resistance R 1 and the second resistance R 2 and the first capacitor C 1 and the second capacitor C 2 is determined according to actual filtering requirements.
The resistance value of resistance R 0, resistance R 01-R0N will be determined according to the requirement of the approximate range of input signal and formula (1).On the other hand, the size of N will be determined according to the accuracy requirement of circuit.In addition, adopt high precision build-out resistor to improve precision.
Circuit production main points:
Require selected electronic devices and components performance intact, the first capacitor C 1 and the second capacitor C 2, the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the 4th resistance R 4, the 5th resistance R 5 are installed near matching transistor U2 as far as possible.Annexation according to components and parts in accompanying drawing 2 reliably connects, and circuit can normally be exported.
Those skilled in the art can understand, and unspecified content in this instructions is that those skilled in the art can easily realize according to the description of this instructions and in conjunction with prior art, does not therefore describe in detail.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; any be familiar with those skilled in the art the present invention disclose technical scope in, the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit for single power supply, is characterized in that, comprising: voltage transitions network (1), impact damper (2) and single-chip microcomputer (3), wherein,
The output terminal of described voltage transitions network (1) is connected with the input end of described impact damper (2), the output terminal of described impact damper (2) connects the input end of described single-chip microcomputer (3), and described single-chip microcomputer (3) output control signal is given the control end of described voltage transitions network (1);
Positive/negative voltage signal (the V of outside input
in) be adjusted to positive voltage scope through described voltage transitions network (1); Impact damper (2) is output signal output (V after first-level buffer to the signal of described voltage transitions network (1) output
out), give respectively late-class circuit and described single-chip microcomputer (3); Described single-chip microcomputer (3) is to being received from the output signal (V of described impact damper (2)
out) carry out logic judgement, then export control signal to described voltage transitions network (1), output to described voltage transitions network (1) is adjusted, and makes the output voltage of described voltage transitions network (1) approach the maximal value that described impact damper (2) can allow as far as possible.
2. the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described voltage transitions network (1) comprises bleeder circuit, MUX (U1) and precision resister (R0), wherein,
Described bleeder circuit carries out dividing potential drop to outside input voltage, and it comprises the multiple high precision build-out resistors that are one another in series and connect, and one end of the series circuit being made up of these high precision build-out resistors receives the positive/negative voltage signal (V of outside input
in), other end ground connection; And between adjacent two resistance in seriess, draw an output terminal, as the output terminal of described bleeder circuit;
Each input end of described MUX (U1) correspondingly connects the output terminal of described bleeder circuit, its control end receives the control signal from described single-chip microcomputer (3), and the output terminal of described MUX connects the input end of described impact damper (2); Described MUX (U1) is selected suitable intrinsic standoff ratio according to the control signal of described single-chip microcomputer (3), determines thus which output terminal that is communicated with described bleeder circuit;
Described resistance (R0) is connected between the output terminal of described MUX and the power supply (VCC) of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply, the positive/negative voltage signal (V together with MUX, outside being inputted with described bleeder circuit
in) be adjusted to suitable positive voltage scope.
3. the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described impact damper (2) comprises matching transistor (U2), the first resistance (R1), the second resistance (R2), the 3rd resistance (R3), the 4th resistance (R4), the 5th resistance (R5), the first electric capacity (C1), the second electric capacity (C2), current source (I
sS) and operational amplifier (U3), wherein,
Described the first resistance (R1) and the first electric capacity (C1) are connected in parallel and form the first RC circuit in parallel, one end of the first RC circuit in parallel connects a base stage of described matching transistor (U2), and the other end of the first RC circuit in parallel is as the input end of described impact damper (2); Described the second resistance (R2) and the second electric capacity (C2) are connected in parallel and form the second RC circuit in parallel, and one end of the second RC circuit in parallel connects another base stage of described matching transistor (U2);
Two collectors of described matching transistor (U2) are connected with two input ends of described operational amplifier (U3) respectively, the described current source (I of the common connection of two emitters of described matching transistor (U2)
sS), and described current source (I
sS) other end ground connection;
One end of described the 4th resistance (R4) and the 5th resistance (R5) is connected to respectively two collectors of described matching transistor (U2), the other end of described the 4th resistance (R4) and the 5th resistance (R5) is connected one end of described the 3rd resistance (R3) jointly, and the other end of described the 3rd resistance (R3) is connected to the power supply (VCC) of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply;
The output terminal of described operational amplifier (U3) is as the output terminal of described impact damper (2); And the other end of the second RC circuit in parallel is connected to the output terminal of described operational amplifier (U3), as the negative feedback of described impact damper.
4. the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage metering circuit of single power supply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described single-chip microcomputer (3) adopts integrated circuit (IC) chip, it has the ADC module carrying, and the input port of the ADC module of described single-chip microcomputer (3) receives the output signal (V from described impact damper (2)
out), to this output signal (V
out) carry out AD conversion and carry out logic analysis, then export control signal to described voltage transitions network (1), output to described voltage transitions network (1) is adjusted, and makes the output voltage of described voltage transitions network (1) approach the maximal value that impact damper (2) can allow as far as possible.
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| CN201410060935.9A CN103823104B (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2014-02-24 | The automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that a kind of single supply is powered |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410060935.9A CN103823104B (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2014-02-24 | The automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that a kind of single supply is powered |
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| CN108267630A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-07-10 | 常州同惠电子股份有限公司 | For the sample circuit of high-voltage front end |
| CN110221240A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-10 | 深圳市锐能微科技有限公司 | The detection circuit and electric energy computation chip of bleeder circuit parameter |
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| CN112730970A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 扬州大学 | Isolated high-precision wide-range voltage measurement system and measurement method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106324331A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-11 | 大唐半导体设计有限公司 | Isolated power supply front-end voltage sampling method and device |
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| CN106771488A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-31 | 珠海赛纳打印科技股份有限公司 | Negative high voltage abnormal detection circuit, device, control circuit and imaging device |
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| CN110221240A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-10 | 深圳市锐能微科技有限公司 | The detection circuit and electric energy computation chip of bleeder circuit parameter |
| CN111505480A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-07 | 惠州市德赛西威汽车电子股份有限公司 | Negative voltage detection circuit based on operational amplifier |
| CN112730970A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 扬州大学 | Isolated high-precision wide-range voltage measurement system and measurement method |
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| CN103823104B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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