CN103823101B - A kind of electric power line pole tower of measuring tape lightning conducter impacts the method for diverting coefficient - Google Patents
A kind of electric power line pole tower of measuring tape lightning conducter impacts the method for diverting coefficient Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The electric power line pole tower of measuring tape lightning conducter impacts a method for diverting coefficient, the present invention includes following steps: the first step, collects shaft tower parameter, comprises tower grounding device catercorner length, pole tower forms; Second step, auxiliary earth pole is laid near shaft tower, auxiliary earth pole should more than 2 times of tower grounding device catercorner length to the distance of shaft tower, shaft tower and lightning conducter and shaft tower junction is connected to by impacting after high-pressure side that power supply exports is connected with shunt by high-voltage conducting wires, the low pressure end impacting power supply output is extremely connected with auxiliary earth, and shunt resistance R is the high precision noninductive resistance of 0.01 ohm; Etc..The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the measuring method that the present invention proposes can realize impacting the electric power line pole tower of band lightning conducter the measurement of diverting coefficient, can avoid the error that theory hypothesis brings, accuracy when line thunder protection counterattack calculates several times can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measuring method that a kind of electric power line pole tower with lightning conducter impacts diverting coefficient, the method is applicable to lightning Protection Design and the Lightning Transformation of transmission line of electricity, belongs to Hyper-Voltage of Power Systems field.
Background technology
The lightning stroke trip of transmission line of electricity has had a strong impact on the safe operation of China's electrical network.When calculating the electric power line pole tower lightning withstand level of band lightning conducter, need shaft tower place coefficient of lightning distribution, namely needing to know has how many lightning currents to flow away from lightning conducter, have how many lightning currents to flow into the earth along shaft tower and tower grounding device, the lightning current of inflow the earth and total lightning current ratio are defined as the diverting coefficient of electric power line pole tower lightning current.The impact diverting coefficient of current power transmission overhead line structures, except obtaining according to hypothesis theory, is built model of power transmission system mainly through simulation software, is obtained by simulation calculation.Because simple soil texture can only be simulated by simulation software, as the soil of uniform soil, vertical direction Multi-layers distributing, the soil etc. of horizontal direction Multi-layers distributing, actual soil texture is much complicated, and measure very difficult, therefore cause the soil model of foundation and actual soil texture to differ greatly, result of calculation and the actual conditions of impacting diverting coefficient are not inconsistent.The electric power line pole tower that the present invention relates to a kind of measuring tape lightning conducter impacts the measuring method of diverting coefficient, comprising impulse current generator, high-precision rogowski coil, shunt and dual channel oscilloscope, utilize method provided by the invention to measure the waveform of impulse current generator and tower grounding pole respectively, and obtain being with the electric power line pole tower of lightning conducter to impact diverting coefficient by formulae discovery provided by the invention.The present invention measures according to the principle of diverting coefficient, soil resistivity is not related in the method proposed, computation process also has nothing to do with soil texture, therefore the measuring method that the present invention proposes can realize impacting the measurement of diverting coefficient to the electric power line pole tower of band lightning conducter, avoids soil resistivity uneven and the error that causes simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric power line pole tower of measuring tape lightning conducter to impact the method for diverting coefficient, use the method can realize impacting the electric power line pole tower of band lightning conducter the measurement of diverting coefficient, and the error avoiding theory hypothesis to bring.
The know-why that the present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose is the definition utilizing the electric power line pole tower of band lightning conducter to impact diverting coefficient, builds metering circuit and measures.Its schematic diagram and wiring diagram are if accompanying drawing 1 is with shown in Fig. 2: S impacts power supply for measurement; P is shunt; L is Luo-coil; C is oscillograph.R is the impact impedance of electric power line pole tower and tower grounding device; Z is the equiva lent impedance of lightning conducter; R
1for the equivalent impedance ground of adjacent shaft tower be connected with lightning conducter, this impedance ground is formed by other tower grounding device impedance grounds be connected with lightning conducter and the equivalence of System in Substation impedance ground;
As shown in Figure 1, when applying dash current in electric power line pole tower measured point, be equivalent to this point that is struck by lightning, now a dash current part is by lightning conducter equiva lent impedance Z and lightning conducter equivalence stake resistance R
1transmit, another part is flowed into greatly by the impedance R of shaft tower and tower grounding pole, if the amplitude flowing into current waveform greatly by the impedance R of shaft tower and tower grounding pole is I
1, the output current wave amplitude measuring power supply is I, the ratio I of the two
1/ I is surveyed impact diverting coefficient k.Change the position of measured point, namely can obtain diverting coefficient when being struck by lightning shaft tower diverse location.Because impulse current waveform cannot directly be measured, after the present invention converts electric current to voltage by shunt and Luo-coil, measured by oscillograph, concrete grammar is:
Utilize resistance to be the shunt made of the high precision noninductive resistance of 0.01 ohm by measuring the current waveform that power supply exports and be converted to voltage waveform, its variation relation according to Ohm law is:
U
1＝I×R
0
Wherein U
1for the voltage magnitude that oscillograph records, I is the output current wave amplitude measuring power supply, R
0for the resistance of shunt, therefore:
U
1＝0.01I
Multiple high precision soft ribbons Luo-coil is adopted to measure by the earth current of shaft tower, each coil surrounds down conductor or the shaft tower pin of a shaft tower, the electric current by the down conductor of this shaft tower or the inflow the earth of shaft tower pin can be measured, by all Luo-coil output terminals being pressed the identical direction series connection of Same Name of Ends, total electric current being flowed into the earth by this shaft tower can be measured, when the no-load voltage ratio of Luo-coil is 100A/1V, flow into the amplitude I of terrestrial current waveform
1with Luo-coil output voltage U
2between pass be:
U
2＝(1/100)I
1＝0.01I
1
According to above-mentioned relation, now impacting diverting coefficient is:
k＝I
1/I＝U
2/U
1
Therefore the impact diverting coefficient k of electric power line pole tower can be measured by method provided by the invention.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems comprises the following steps:
The first step, collects shaft tower parameter, comprises tower grounding device catercorner length, pole tower forms;
Second step, lays auxiliary earth pole near shaft tower, and auxiliary earth pole should more than 2 times of tower grounding system catercorner length to the distance of shaft tower; Be connected to the measured point of shaft tower after being connected with shunt by high-voltage conducting wires by the high-pressure side impacting power supply output, the low pressure end impacting power supply output is extremely connected with auxiliary earth, and shunt is the high precision noninductive resistance of 0.01 ohm.
3rd step, regulates and impacts the output waveform of power supply, until wave head time, wave rear time meet relevant criterion and measures requirement;
No-load voltage ratio is the high precision soft ribbons Luo-coil of 100A/1V by the 4th step and have the shaft tower column foot of electrical connection or down conductor to surround with earth mat, and Luo-coil requires that responsive bandwidth is at more than 200kHz, and input and output phase delay time is less than 0.1 microsecond;
5th step, presses the direction series connection that Same Name of Ends is identical by all Luo-coil output terminals, namely during two Luo-coil series connection, the different name end of another coil of termination of the same name output of a coil output, measuring junction is the total output after the series connection of all Luo-coils.According to the superposition principle in circuit, now total voltage waveform exported is the stack result in the same way of each Luo-coil output voltage waveforms, because the electric current flowing into the earth is the algebraic sum that each shaft tower pin be connected with earth mat or pillar flow into earth mat electric current respectively, and the no-load voltage ratio of each Luo-coil is identical, therefore the total output voltage waveforms recorded is identical with the waveform of the total current flowing into earth mat, and amplitude meets no-load voltage ratio relation.Measuring primary power source exports the total current that just can record and flow into the earth to adopt the method to ensure, thus avoids the error superposition of repetitive measurement.As shown in Figure 2, in figure, two pillars have down conductor, suppose that the electric current respectively by these two downleads is respectively I
11and I
12, then have
I
1＝I
11+I
12
Now the output voltage of single Luo-coil is respectively
U
21＝(1/100)I
11，U
22＝(1/100)I
12
Total output voltage after Luo-coil series connection is
U
2＝U
21+U
22＝(1/100)I
1
6th step, respectively the Luo-coil output terminal after shunt and series connection is received oscillographic two input channels, start and impact power supply output test lightning current, record the output voltage waveforms of shunt and Luo-coil group respectively, the voltage waveform amplitude recording shunt output is U
1, the output voltage waveforms U of Luo-coil group
2, the diverting coefficient being calculated electric power line pole tower measuring point place by following formula is k.
In above-mentioned steps, second step, the unit being R, R when the resistance of shunt is ohm, when R is not equal to 0.01 ohm, the result U now recorded
1=RI, U2=0.01I
1, due to k=I
1/ I, the expression formula therefore can obtaining the diverting coefficient k at electric power line pole tower measuring point place according to these three equatioies is:
In above-mentioned steps, the 4th step, when Luo-coil no-load voltage ratio is not 100A/1V, if its no-load voltage ratio is xA/yV, x and y is any arithmetic number, the result U now recorded
1=0.01I, U2=yI
1/ x, due to k=I
1/ I, the expression formula therefore can obtaining the diverting coefficient k at electric power line pole tower measuring point place according to these three equatioies is:
In above-mentioned steps, measuring the Luo-coil of dash current can replace with other current measuring devices, can according to the no-load voltage ratio of other current measuring devices in the computing formula of its diverting coefficient k, obtains according to claim 3 distortion of deriving.
In above-mentioned steps, second step, output waveform changes the impulse current waveform of other types into, can obtain the diverting coefficient of electric power line pole tower at measuring point place under different dash current.
The output current impacting power supply not only can be measured with shunt, also can carry out measurement with other current measuring devices and obtain.
Measuring method provided by the invention does not consider the situation of tower grounding pole flashing electric discharge, as will spark discharge be considered, can consider to increase the output voltage measuring power supply, so that earthing pole flashing can be caused to discharge, the diverting coefficient k now recorded is the result considering spark discharge, or flow into the electric current of the earth by shaft tower when obtaining spark discharge by experiment and flashing does not discharge time flow into funtcional relationship between terrestrial current by shaft tower, this funtcional relationship is introduced calculating formula provided by the invention.
The present invention not only may be used for shaft tower type shown in the drawings, is also applicable to other all electric power line pole towers being equiped with lightning conducter.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the measuring method that the present invention proposes can realize impacting the electric power line pole tower of band lightning conducter the measurement of diverting coefficient, can avoid the error that theory hypothesis brings, accuracy when line thunder protection counterattack calculates several times can be improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the measuring principle figure of the first step; In Fig. 1, S is measurement impact power supply; P is shunt; L is Luo-coil; C is oscillograph.R is the impact impedance of electric power line pole tower and shaft tower place earthed system; Z is the equiva lent impedance of lightning conducter; R
1for the equivalent stake resistance of lightning conducter, this stake resistance is by other tower grounding system earth resistance be connected with lightning conducter, and the equivalence of System in Substation stake resistance forms; R
2for the equivalent stake resistance of auxiliary earth pole.In figure, solid line is the line of metering circuit, and dotted line is that shunt is connected oscillographic slotted line with Luo-coil.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram measuring the mode of connection; Wherein 1 is electric power line pole tower; 2 is lightning conducter; 3 is wire; 4 is insulator chain; 5 is ground wire grounding downlead; 6 is tower grounding system; 7 is auxiliary earth pole; 8 is ground; S is measurement impact power supply; P is shunt; L is Luo-coil; C is oscillograph.Dotted line is that shunt is connected oscillographic slotted line with Luo-coil.Fig. 2 is the situation that electric power line pole tower only has two down conductors, when transmission line of electricity has four shaft tower pin and four down conductors, need employing 4 Luo-coils, each Luo-coil surrounds down conductor or the shaft tower pin of a shaft tower, then the method for 4 Luo-coils by the 4th step is together in series by output terminal.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, by reference to the accompanying drawings, to technical scheme of the present invention, it is further described:
1. the electric power line pole tower of measuring tape lightning conducter impacts a method for diverting coefficient, and it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
The first step, collects shaft tower parameter, comprises tower grounding device catercorner length, pole tower forms;
Second step, auxiliary earth pole is laid near shaft tower, auxiliary earth pole should more than 2 times of tower grounding device catercorner length to the distance of shaft tower, shaft tower and lightning conducter junction is connected to after being connected with shunt by high-voltage conducting wires by the high-pressure side impacting power supply output, the low pressure end impacting power supply output is extremely connected with auxiliary earth, and shunt resistance R is the high precision noninductive resistance of 0.01 ohm;
3rd step, regulates and impacts the output waveform of power supply, until wave head time, wave rear time meet relevant criterion and measures requirement;
No-load voltage ratio is the high precision soft ribbons Luo-coil of 100A/1V by the 4th step and have the shaft tower column foot of electrical connection or down conductor to surround with earth mat, and Luo-coil requires that responsive bandwidth is at more than 200kHz, and input and output phase delay time is less than 0.1 microsecond;
5th step, presses the direction series connection that Same Name of Ends is identical by all Luo-coil output terminals, i.e. the different name end of another coil of termination of the same name output of a coil output;
6th step, respectively the Luo-coil output terminal after the shunt in second step and the series connection of the 5th step is received oscillographic two input channels, start and impact power supply output test dash current, record the output voltage waveforms of shunt and Luo-coil group respectively, the voltage waveform amplitude recording shunt output is U
1, the output voltage waveforms U of Luo-coil group
2, the diverting coefficient being obtained electric power line pole tower measuring point place by following formula is k.
In the first step of the present invention, the unit being R, R when the resistance of shunt is ohm, when R is not equal to 0.01 ohm, can be calculated the diverting coefficient k at electric power line pole tower measuring point place by following formula;
In the present invention the 3rd step, when Luo-coil no-load voltage ratio is not 100A/1V, if its no-load voltage ratio is xA/yV, x and y is any arithmetic number, the diverting coefficient k at electric power line pole tower measuring point place can be calculated by following formula;
The present invention measures the Luo-coil of dash current or replaces with other current measuring devices.
Embodiment
The first step, collect shaft tower parameter, tower grounding device maximum diagonal length is 30m, and shaft tower is cement pole, only has two column foots.
Second step, lays auxiliary earth pole near shaft tower, and auxiliary earth pole is 100 meters to the distance of shaft tower; Be connected on a lightning conducter of head of mast after being connected with shunt by high-voltage conducting wires by the high-pressure side impacting power supply output, the low pressure end impacting power supply output is extremely connected with auxiliary earth, and shunt is the high precision noninductive resistance of 0.01 ohm.
3rd step, regulates and impacts the output waveform of power supply, until wave head time, wave rear time meet relevant criterion and measures requirement.
No-load voltage ratio is that the shaft tower bottoms of shaft tower is lived by the high precision soft ribbons Luo-coil of 100A/1V by the 4th step, and Luo-coil requires that responsive bandwidth is at more than 200kHz, and export as alternating voltage waveform, input and output phase delay time is less than 0.1 microsecond.
4th step, all Luo-coil output terminals are pressed the direction series connection that Same Name of Ends is identical, namely connected by two Luo-coils in kind situation, the different name end of another coil of termination of the same name output of a coil output, measuring junction is the total output after the series connection of all Luo-coils.
5th step, respectively the Luo-coil output terminal after shunt and series connection is received oscillographic two input channels, start and impact power supply output test lightning current, output current is allowed to be 100A, record the output voltage waveforms of shunt and Luo-coil group respectively, the voltage waveform amplitude recording shunt output is U
1=1V, the output voltage waveforms U of Luo-coil group
2=0.6V, the diverting coefficient being calculated electric power line pole tower measuring point place by following formula is k=0.6.
In above-mentioned steps, if when the resistance of shunt is R=0.001 ohm, the result U now recorded
1=0.1V, U
2=0.6V, the expression formula substituting into diverting coefficient k is:
Now, the diverting coefficient at electric power line pole tower measuring point place is k=0.6.
In above-mentioned steps, the 3rd step, when Luo-coil no-load voltage ratio is not 100A/1V, if its no-load voltage ratio is xA/yV, x=100 and y=5, the result U now recorded
1=1V, U
2=3V, the expression formula substituting into diverting coefficient k is:
Now, the diverting coefficient at electric power line pole tower measuring point place is k=0.6.
Claims (4)
1. the electric power line pole tower of measuring tape lightning conducter impacts a method for diverting coefficient, and it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
The first step, collects shaft tower parameter, comprises tower grounding device catercorner length, pole tower forms;
Second step, auxiliary earth pole is laid near shaft tower, auxiliary earth pole should more than 2 times of tower grounding device catercorner length to the distance of shaft tower, shaft tower and lightning conducter junction is connected to after being connected with shunt by high-voltage conducting wires by the high-pressure side impacting power supply output, the low pressure end impacting power supply output is extremely connected with auxiliary earth, and shunt resistance R is the high precision noninductive resistance of 0.01 ohm;
3rd step, regulates and impacts the output waveform of power supply, until wave head time, wave rear time meet relevant criterion and measures requirement;
No-load voltage ratio is the high precision soft ribbons Luo-coil of 100A/1V by the 4th step and have the shaft tower column foot of electrical connection or down conductor to surround with earth mat, and Luo-coil requires that responsive bandwidth is at more than 200kHz, and input and output phase delay time is less than 0.1 microsecond;
5th step, presses the direction series connection that Same Name of Ends is identical by all Luo-coil output terminals, i.e. the different name end of another coil of termination of the same name output of a coil output;
6th step, respectively the Luo-coil output terminal after the shunt in second step and the series connection of the 5th step is received oscillographic two input channels, start and impact power supply output test dash current, record the output voltage waveforms of shunt and Luo-coil group respectively, the voltage waveform amplitude recording shunt output is U
1, the output voltage waveforms U of Luo-coil group
2, the diverting coefficient being obtained electric power line pole tower measuring point place by following formula is k,
2. the electric power line pole tower of a kind of measuring tape lightning conducter according to claim 1 impacts the method for diverting coefficient, it is characterized in that, in the first step, when the resistance of shunt is R, the unit of R is ohm, when R is not equal to 0.01 ohm, calculated the diverting coefficient k at electric power line pole tower measuring point place by following formula;
3. the electric power line pole tower of a kind of measuring tape lightning conducter according to claim 1 impacts the method for diverting coefficient, it is characterized in that, in 3rd step, when Luo-coil no-load voltage ratio is not 100A/1V, if its no-load voltage ratio is xA/yV, x and y is any arithmetic number, is calculated the diverting coefficient k at electric power line pole tower measuring point place by following formula;
4. the electric power line pole tower of a kind of measuring tape lightning conducter according to claim 1 or 3 impacts the method for diverting coefficient, it is characterized in that, measures the Luo-coil of dash current or replaces with other current measuring devices.
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