CN103822707A - High-speed Lightning photometer - Google Patents
High-speed Lightning photometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103822707A CN103822707A CN201410099449.8A CN201410099449A CN103822707A CN 103822707 A CN103822707 A CN 103822707A CN 201410099449 A CN201410099449 A CN 201410099449A CN 103822707 A CN103822707 A CN 103822707A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of weather detection, in particular to a high-speed lightning photometer. The high-speed lightning photometer comprises an optical imaging unit, a multi-channel fiber bundle transmission unit, a photoelectric conversion unit and a multi-channel information recording unit, wherein the multi-channel fiber bundle transmission unit is connected with the focal plane of the optical imaging unit. The optical information of a lightning channel acquired by using the optical imaging unit is rapidly converted into an electric signal, the electric signal is transmitted to the multi-channel fiber bundle transmission unit, and the multi-channel fiber bundle transmission unit is used for sampling and recording to obtain the light intensity and light intensity variation information of the lightning channel, so that optical information with high time resolution on the development process of the lightning channel can be obtained. Moreover, the lightning high speed photometer is simple and compact in structure, and high in the detection efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to meteorological detection technique field, relate in particular to a kind of thunder and lightning high-speed photometer.
Background technology
Thunder and lightning is the electric discharge phenomena of occurring in nature atmosphere, and thunder and lightning is monitored, and Lightning Disaster early warning information is provided, significant to the armour of Lightning Disaster.As everyone knows, the speed of development of the leader process of thunder discharge is 1 × 10
6m/s magnitude, and the speed of development of the process of counterattack reaches 1 × 10
8m/s magnitude, for the effective optical observation not a duck soup that carries out of thunder discharge passage evolution, all to adopt high-speed CCD or CMOS(complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) in the past) high speed camera that forms of sensor carries out the observation of thunder and lightning, but be subject to intrinsic integral time of CCD and cmos device and reading speed restriction, thunder and lightning, traditional high speed camera cannot obtain the thunder discharge passage evolution optical observation data of high time resolution, thereby cannot effectively monitor thunder and lightning.
Therefore,, for above deficiency, the invention provides a kind of thunder and lightning high-speed photometer.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of thunder and lightning high-speed photometer that can effectively detect lightning channel so that the more optical observation data of the lightning channel evolution of high time resolution to be provided.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of thunder and lightning high-speed photometer, it comprises optical imagery unit, multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit, photoelectric conversion unit and multi-channel information record cell; Described optical imagery unit is for gathering the light signal of lightning channel; One end of described multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit is connected on the focal plane of optical imagery unit, and the other end is connected on photoelectric conversion unit, for the light signal of optical imagery unit collection is passed to photoelectric conversion unit; Described photoelectric conversion unit is for being converted to fast electric signal by light signal; Described multi-channel information record cell is connected with described photoelectric conversion unit, the electric signal the light intensity that records lightning channel and the light intensity change information that transmit for receiving photoelectric conversion unit.
Wherein, described optical imagery unit is single-lens reflex photographic camera; Described multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit comprises multifiber bundle, and multifiber Shu Jun is connected on the focal plane of single-lens reflex photographic camera, and the link of multifiber bundle forms array arrangement on the focal plane of single-lens reflex photographic camera.
Wherein, described photoelectric conversion unit comprises multiple avalanche photodides, and each avalanche photodide is connected with every fibre bundle of corresponding multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit.
Wherein, described each avalanche photodide is connected by a coupling mechanism with a corresponding fibre bundle.
Wherein, described multi-channel information record cell is high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument.
Wherein, described high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument has and the same number of analog acquisition passage of described avalanche photodide, and each analog acquisition passage is connected with a corresponding avalanche photodide.
Wherein, the sample frequency of each analog acquisition passage of described multichannel collecting registering instrument is more than or equal to 2 times of the cutoff frequency upper limit of photoelectric conversion unit.
(3) beneficial effect
Technique scheme tool of the present invention has the following advantages: in thunder and lightning high-speed photometer provided by the invention, multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit is connected with the focal plane of optical imagery unit, the lightning channel optical information of optical imagery unit collection is converted to electric signal fast, then this electric signal transmission is to multi-channel information record cell, carry out sample record by multi-channel information record cell, thereby can obtain light intensity and the light intensity change information of lightning channel, and then can obtain the more lightning channel evolution optical information of high time resolution, and the present invention is simple and compact for structure, detection efficiency is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the annexation schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention thunder and lightning high-speed photometer;
Fig. 2 is focal plane, optical imagery unit and fibre bundle connected mode schematic diagram in embodiment of the present invention thunder and lightning high-speed photometer;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of arranging of multifiber bundle link on focal plane, optical imagery unit in embodiment of the present invention thunder and lightning high-speed photometer.
In figure, 1: single-lens reflex photographic camera; 2: focal plane; 3: fibre bundle; 4: coupling mechanism; 5: avalanche photodide; 6: high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the thunder and lightning high-speed photometer that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises optical imagery unit, multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit, photoelectric conversion unit and multi-channel information record cell; Optical imagery unit is single-lens reflex photographic camera 1, for gathering the light signal of lightning channel; One end of multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit is connected on the focal plane 2 of single-lens reflex photographic camera 1, the other end is connected on photoelectric conversion unit, be passed to photoelectric conversion unit for the light signal that single-lens reflex photographic camera 1 is gathered, particularly, multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit comprises multifiber bundle 3; Photoelectric conversion unit comprises multiple avalanche photodides 5, and each avalanche photodide 5 is connected with the every fibre bundle 3 of corresponding multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit, for light signal is converted to electric signal fast; Multi-channel information record cell is connected with photoelectric conversion unit, the electric signal the light intensity that records lightning channel and the light intensity change information that transmit for receiving photoelectric conversion unit, and multi-channel information record cell is high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument 6.
In technique scheme, single-lens reflex photographic camera 1 is for gathering the optical information of lightning channel, the focal plane 2 of single-lens reflex photographic camera 1 is connected by multifiber bundle 3 with avalanche photodide 5, thereby the optical signal transmission that single-lens reflex photographic camera 1 collects is to avalanche photodide 5, light signal is converted to electric signal by avalanche photodide 5, and then by this electric signal transmission to high speed multichannel collecting registering instrument 6, high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument 6 and then electric signal is carried out to record, the final corresponding thunder and lightning image intensity of fibre bundle 3 and the light intensity change information that has obtained rapidly each passage.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 2, focal plane 2 place's imaging region sizes of single-lens reflex photographic camera 1 are 36mm(L) × 24mm(H), multifiber bundle 3 is all connected on the focal plane 2 of single-lens reflex photographic camera 1, the link of multifiber bundle 3 forms array arrangement on the focal plane 2 of single-lens reflex photographic camera 1, single-lens reflex photographic camera 1 is imaged on lightning channel light signal on focal plane 2, every bundle fibre bundle 3 of multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit is made up of many thin optic fibres, the imaging viewing field of optical imagery unit is divided into separate detection channels by fibre bundle 3, every fibre bundle 3 is a detection channels.Fibre bundle 3 is arranged as required the capable n row of m on focal plane 2, also can be arranged as 1 row n row or m capable 1 is listed as, thin optic fibre one end close-packed arrays of every fibre bundle 3 is given shape, at right angle setting is on focal plane 2, each detection channels also can increase or reduce thin optic fibre as required in specific region, 3 of each fibre bundles can close-packed arrays, also can be spaced, and the other end of every fibre bundle 3 is assembled for a branch of.
Further, as shown in Figure 3,16 row fibre bundles 3 are arranged in order from top to bottom, form 16 detection channels, thin optic fibre is vertically mounted on focal plane 2, the center distance that the fibre bundle 3 of passage ch1～ch8 is installed on focal plane 2 is 0.4mm, and high spatial resolution can be provided, and surveys for the connection procedure that occurs in lightning channel bottom; The center distance that the fibre bundle 3 of passage ch9～ch16 is installed on focal plane 2 is 1.5mm, and large space interval is provided, and surveys for guide and the counterattack process of thunder and lightning.
Preferably, because avalanche photodide 5 volumes are larger, the search coverage of avalanche photodide 5 can not directly be combined preferably, and therefore, the present invention adopts fibre bundle 3 is connected with photoelectric sensor by coupling mechanism 4.Particularly, each avalanche photodide 5 is connected by a coupling mechanism 4 with corresponding every fibre bundle 3, coupling mechanism 4 is made up of optical mirror slip, the incident end of coupling mechanism 4 connects fibre bundle 3, exit end connects photoelectric sensor, and coupling mechanism 4 incident ends and exit end can be different-diameters, for the connection of different-diameter device, being optically coupled in effective search coverage of avalanche photodide 5 that diameter is 1mm in the fibre bundle 3 that usually, coupling mechanism 4 is 3mm by diameter.The optical channel of thunder and lightning is imaged on focal plane 2, transfer to photoelectric sensor by fibre bundle 3 through coupling mechanism 4, the corresponding fibre bundle 3 of each photoelectric sensor, photoelectric sensor forms array by m × n avalanche photodide 5, the avalanche photodide 5 bandwidth cutoff frequency upper limits are no less than 10MHz, and be not limited only to 10MHz, the lower limit of avalanche photodide 5 bandwidth cutoff frequencys can be DC, the lower limit that is avalanche photodide 5 bandwidth cutoff frequencys can be 0Hz, but is not limited only to 0Hz.The avalanche photodide 5 adopting can as required, be chosen the model of different bandwidth for different fibre bundles 3 passages, be not limited only to same model.
Particularly, multiple avalanche photodides 5 form array, avalanche photodide 5 models that passage ch1～ch7 and passage ch16 are corresponding are C5331, bandwidth is 4k～100MHz, this model avalanche photodide 5 has high response speed, coordinate the compact arranged mounting means of fibre bundle 3, there is the ability of the detection of high space-time precision, survey and speed of development counterattack process is faster surveyed at the connection procedure of generation near the ground mainly for thunder and lightning, wherein, passage close-packed arrays between passage ch1～ch7, the thunder and lightning that adopts the corresponding 1km place, optical imagery unit of 50mm focal length to occur, every channel vertical probe interval is 4.4m, the interval of passage ch1 and ch16 can reach 14.8mm, the thunder and lightning that adopts the corresponding 1km place, optical imagery unit 1 of 50mm focal length to occur, vertical sounding is spaced apart 296m.Avalanche photodide 5 models that passage ch8 to ch15 is corresponding are C5460, bandwidth is DC～10MHz, the large-spacing that coordinates fibre bundle 3 to install, obtain large space exploration scope, leader process mainly for thunder and lightning generating process is surveyed, the thunder and lightning that adopts the corresponding 1km place, optical imagery unit 1 of 50mm focal length to occur, vertical sounding is spaced apart 30m.The camera lens of changing different focal can be with the image field that obtains different distance or differing heights thunder and lightning.Intensity signal can be converted to voltage signal rapidly by photoelectric sensor, then export high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument 6 to, finally by high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument 6 acquisition and recordings.
Further, high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument 6 has and the same number of analog acquisition passage of avalanche photodide 5, and each analog acquisition passage is connected with a corresponding avalanche photodide 5.The model that high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument 6 adopts is DL850, acquisition and recording when can realizing 8 analog acquisition path 10 0MHz and 8 analog acquisition path 10 MHz sampling rates.The analog sampling channel sample rate that C5460 is corresponding is 10MHz, and the sampling rate of the analog sampling passage that C5331 is corresponding is 100MHz.Usually, the sample frequency of each analog acquisition passage of multichannel collecting registering instrument is more than or equal to 2 times of the cutoff frequency upper limit of each avalanche photodide, particularly, the sampling rate of analog sampling passage is not less than 10MHz, corresponding temporal resolution is 100ns, the time span of multichannel collecting registering instrument record is 1s, and length writing time of multichannel collecting registering instrument is more than or equal to 500ms conventionally.The data that high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument 6 final entries arrive, are lightning channel light intensity or light intensity change information that every bundle fibre bundle 3 detects.
The present invention, for surveying the lightning channel of known level distance, adopts multiple avalanche photodides 5, surveys the lightning channel intensity signal of differentiated levels, by calculating the two-dimentional speed of development that can draw lightning channel vertical direction.Particularly, in the time being 1km situation apart from lightning channel bottom, thunder and lightning high-speed photometer is 2.96 × 10 for the top speed resolution of lightning channel line development
8m/s, meets the needs for Fields of Lightning Return Stroke speed detection; For subaerial lightning channel connection procedure, the vertical space resolution of thunder and lightning high-speed photometer is 8m, can meet like this requirement that obtains lightning channel evolution optical information.
In sum, the present invention is that the thunder and lightning high-speed photometer that embodiment provides is connected by multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit avalanche photodide 5 with the focal plane 2 of single-lens reflex photographic camera 1, the lightning channel optical information that single-lens reflex photographic camera 1 is gathered is converted to electric signal fast, then electric signal is by multiple analog sampling passages of high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument 6, carry out sample record by high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument 6, thereby can obtain light intensity and the light intensity change information of lightning channel, and then can obtain the more lightning channel evolution optical information of high time resolution, and the present invention is simple and compact for structure, detection efficiency is high.
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and modification, these improve and modification also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a thunder and lightning high-speed photometer, is characterized in that: it comprises optical imagery unit, multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit, photoelectric conversion unit and multi-channel information record cell; Described optical imagery unit is for gathering the light signal of lightning channel; One end of described multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit is connected on the focal plane of optical imagery unit, and the other end is connected on photoelectric conversion unit, for the light signal of optical imagery unit collection is passed to photoelectric conversion unit; Described photoelectric conversion unit is for being converted to fast electric signal by light signal; Described multi-channel information record cell is connected with described photoelectric conversion unit, the electric signal the light intensity that records lightning channel and the light intensity change information that transmit for receiving photoelectric conversion unit.
2. thunder and lightning high-speed photometer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described optical imagery unit is single-lens reflex photographic camera; Described multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit comprises multifiber bundle, and multifiber Shu Jun is connected on the focal plane of single-lens reflex photographic camera, and the link of multifiber bundle forms array arrangement on the focal plane of single-lens reflex photographic camera.
3. thunder and lightning high-speed photometer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described photoelectric conversion unit comprises multiple avalanche photodides, and each avalanche photodide is connected with a fibre bundle of corresponding multichannel optical fiber bundle transmission unit.
4. thunder and lightning high-speed photometer according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described each avalanche photodide is connected by a coupling mechanism with a corresponding fibre bundle.
5. thunder and lightning high-speed photometer according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described multi-channel information record cell is high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument.
6. thunder and lightning high-speed photometer according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described high-speed multiple channel acquisition and recording instrument has and the same number of analog acquisition passage of described multiple avalanche photodides, each analog acquisition passage is connected with a corresponding avalanche photodide.
7. thunder and lightning high-speed photometer according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the sample frequency of each analog acquisition passage of described multichannel collecting registering instrument is more than or equal to 2 times of the cutoff frequency upper limit of photoelectric conversion unit.
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| CN201410099449.8A CN103822707B (en) | 2014-03-17 | 2014-03-17 | Thunder and lightning high-speed photometer |
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| CN201410099449.8A CN103822707B (en) | 2014-03-17 | 2014-03-17 | Thunder and lightning high-speed photometer |
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| CN103822707A true CN103822707A (en) | 2014-05-28 |
| CN103822707B CN103822707B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113175950A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-27 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Multi-band optical synchronous measuring device for discharge channel and operation method thereof |
| CN115128332A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-30 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司苏州供电分公司 | Lightning detection auxiliary device and method based on optical signal detection |
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| CN201222079Y (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-04-15 | 中国气象科学研究院 | Apparatus for remotely measuring thunderbolt current |
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| CN103512656A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-15 | 西北核技术研究所 | Time-sharing power supply and data acquisition system used for photoconductive type infrared detector array |
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2014
- 2014-03-17 CN CN201410099449.8A patent/CN103822707B/en active Active
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| CN201222079Y (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-04-15 | 中国气象科学研究院 | Apparatus for remotely measuring thunderbolt current |
| US20120002195A1 (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2012-01-05 | General Electric Company | Arc flash detection method |
| CN103512656A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-15 | 西北核技术研究所 | Time-sharing power supply and data acquisition system used for photoconductive type infrared detector array |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113175950A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-27 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Multi-band optical synchronous measuring device for discharge channel and operation method thereof |
| CN115128332A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-30 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司苏州供电分公司 | Lightning detection auxiliary device and method based on optical signal detection |
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| CN103822707B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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