CN103821679A - Solar disc-type air turbine power generation system - Google Patents
Solar disc-type air turbine power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103821679A CN103821679A CN201410084932.9A CN201410084932A CN103821679A CN 103821679 A CN103821679 A CN 103821679A CN 201410084932 A CN201410084932 A CN 201410084932A CN 103821679 A CN103821679 A CN 103821679A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
Abstract
The invention relates to a solar disc-type air turbine power generation system, which comprises a double-shaft tracking solar disc-type focusing reflection mirror surface system, an air compressor, a solar absorber, an air turbine and a generator, and is characterized in that one end of the solar absorber is connected with the air compressor; the other end is connected with the air turbine; an air turbine shaft is connected with a generator shaft; a thermal power cycle adopts an ideal turbine motor constant pressure heating cycle; air is used as a working medium; the air passes the air compressor to generate high-pressure air to be provided for the solar absorber; the solar absorber absorbs solar energy to complete the constant pressure heating; the high-pressure air is supplied for the air turbine to produce mechanical energy which is used for driving the generator to generate electric energy. The solar disc-type air turbine power generation system has the advantages that the working medium is air, no hydrogen and water are used as the working medium, the solar constant pressure heating cycle mode is adopted, and the air turbine is longer in service life than a piston type generator, small in vibration, simple in lubrication, higher in rotation speed, and smaller is size; as the air is adopted as the working medium, the water resource lack restriction of a desert photo-thermal CSP (concentrating solar power) power station does not exist.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy dish formula air turbine power generation system, belong to solar thermal power power field.
Background technique
International renewable energy source mechanism (IRENA) basis is to global energy case study, deliver work report " double renewable energy sources proportion: the year two thousand thirty route map " in January, 2014, report is pointed out strengthening under the prerequisite of Global Regional cooperation, to the year two thousand thirty, renewable energy sources proportion can double; Under existing national renewable energy sources plan impact, global renewable energy sources ratio will exist significant difference between country variant, improves energy efficiency and increases energy acquiring way widely and will make this species diversity up.IRENA is defined as traditional biological mass-energy: in house field, use timber, charcoal, agricultural wastes and animal excrements are cooked and heating etc. is used the energy.Traditional biological mass-energy often has low-down conversion efficiency (10% ~ 20%), and the living beings that generally depend on non-renewable energy provide.IRENA report renewable energy sources in 2010 shared ratio in total energy consumption, world energy sources 18% from renewable energy sources, but only have 9% from modern renewable energy sources, other 9% ratio is from traditional biomass energy, the ratio that realizes the modern renewable energy sources of sustainable development is doubled, modern renewable energy sources almost needs to replace completely traditional biomass energy, its result will be, the ratio of modern renewable energy sources from 2010 9%, rise to 30% to the year two thousand thirty, even can be more, the renewable energy sources share doubling means that the ratio increase of modern renewable energy sources will exceed 3 times.Estimate according to IRENA renewable energy sources route map 2030, as shown in table 1, focus type solar energy generating (CSP) electric motor power will be increased to 15GW to the year two thousand twenty, rise to 83GW to the year two thousand thirty, annual compound growth rate during ~ the year two thousand thirty in 2012 reaches 21.5%, higher than 15.1% of solar energy power generating (Solar PV)
[1].
From domestic energy development tendency, the State Council determines that the non-fossil energy consumption of the year two thousand twenty China reaches 15% than important, and per GDP CO2 emission reduced by 40-45% than 2005.For guaranteeing the realization of this target, objectively require China to accelerate development the renewable energy sourcess such as water power, wind-powered electricity generation, solar electrical energy generation, reduce the proportions of fossil energy in energy-consuming such as coal.The year ends 2013,1,247,380,000 kilowatts of national capacities of installed generator, increased by 9.3% than the end of last year.Wherein, 86,238 ten thousand kilowatts of thermoelectricity electric motor powers, increase by 5.7%; 28,002 ten thousand kilowatts of hydropower installed capacities, increase by 12.3%; 1,461 ten thousand kilowatts of nuclear power electric motor powers, increase by 16.2%; 7,548 ten thousand kilowatts of grid connected wind power electric motor powers, increase by 24.5%; 1,479 ten thousand kilowatts of grid-connected solar electrical energy generation electric motor powers, increase by 3.4 times
[2].
Solar electrical energy generation is mainly divided into photovoltaic generation and photothermal power generation, photovoltaic generation utilization be solar strip spectrum luminous energy, photothermal power generation utilization be the full spectrum luminous energy of solar energy.According to Carnot's cycle, photothermal power generation low-temperature heat source is normal temperature, and in the time that high temperature heat source reaches 1300 ℃, the theoretical efficiency of solar light-heat power-generation can reach more than 80%; And the theoretical efficiency of photovoltaic generation is up to 24%.Photothermal power generation cost is far below photovoltaic generation cost in theory.China does not also have grid-connected photothermal power generation at present, its reason is that current photothermal power generation cost is also far above photovoltaic generation, photovoltaic power generation technology derives from ripe space technology, and photothermal power generation research and development drop into and are nowhere near, and photothermal power generation research and development drop into and can be described as the very little starting stage.Many Engineering Thermophysics problems of photothermal power generation do not solve, and cannot form industrial chain, have restricted the development of photothermal power generation.
Improve photothermal power generation efficiency, just need to improve engine high-temperature operating temperature, therefore, the main flow of photothermal power generation is optically focused class solar energy thermal-power-generating CSP(Concentrated Solar Power), the CSP system having tested successfully in the world at present mainly contains three kinds: slot type, tower and dish formula CSP.
Tower CSP belongs to face concentrating to generate power type, and slot type CSP system belongs to line optically focused type.Dish formula CSP system utilizes dish shape parabolic minute surface incident solar radiation can be gathered to the focus place of heat collector, belong to an optically focused type, the heat-transfer working medium heat collector of flowing through absorbs solar heat energy, and heat energy is converted into mechanical energy by Stirling engine, and drive generator generating.The chief component of dish formula CSP system has: dish formula parabolic mirror face, mirror surface support, high-precision dual-axis tracking system, Stirling engine, generator etc.Due to point focusing, dish formula CSP system efficiency in three kinds of CSP systems is very high, and at distributed energy, and there is intrinsic advantage modularization aspect, so have in the world a lot of countries and mechanism to be devoted to the research of dish formula CSP systematic science technology.Disc type solar energy generating because the thermal efficiency is the highest, compact structure, easy for installation, can standardized production etc. advantage, be applicable to very much distributed small-scale energy sources system.
Spain Seville, dish formula CSP system item was in 2003, put into operation in 2007,7 cover dish formula CSP systems are installed, Stirling engine, model is SOLO161, working medium is hydrogen, 650 ℃ of operating temperatures, working efficiency design load 33%, year average 28%, separate unit power 11.2kW, minute surface area 60 ㎡, focal length 5m, reflectance of reflector 94%, heat collector is cavity body structure, diameter 19mm, thermal efficiency design load 87.25%, year average 80%, whole year operation total efficiency all reaches more than 15.4%, and annual electricity generating capacity exceedes 1.5 ten thousand kWh/ platforms.
1998～calendar year 2001, Europe solar energy project has been started dish formula CSP system, be named as EuroDish, two demonstrative projects are built in Wei Luoer engineering college of India and Milan, ITA electronic technology Standardization Institute (Italy's experiment electrician center), on this basis, through improving, in Spain Seville, French De La CNRS's solar energy laboratory, WüRzburg, Germany three ground install and build.The condenser diameter 8m of EuroDish, slim glass mirror, adopts SOLO161 type Stirling engine, and cylinder in V-arrangement internal volume is 160 ㎝
3stirling-electric hybrid working medium is before this helium, because hydrogen has better heat-transfer character, Italy professional workforce proposes to substitute helium with hydrogen, adopt hydrogen to make Stirling-electric hybrid output increase by 10%, good heat transfer condition makes materials'use temperature reduce by 40 ℃, and dielectric gas price has also declined, 50 ℃ of the surface temperatures of Stirling-electric hybrid and food tray, surface area 0.7 ㎡.Heat collector adopts ceramic thermal insulation material to substitute original water cooling plant, be set in stainless steel casing with being mixed with in alumina fibre plate, equipment reliability is increased greatly, reduce radiation loss, make generating output increase by 10%, circular heat absorption area 0.058 ㎡ of heat collector, cavity diameter 19 ㎝, 850 ℃ of surface temperatures, 150 ℃ of hull-skin temperatures, air velocity 1m/s in heat collector, heat-collector superficial 0.47 ㎡, heat collector face is to heat-absorbent surface 12 ㎝, inconel absorptance 93%, reflectance 7%, transmitting ratio 88.9%.Ceramic thermal insulation material absorptance 20%, reflectance 80%, transmitting ratio 90%.In the time that sun direct projection radiant flux density is 906w/ ㎡, reflector useful area 53 ㎡, specular reflectivity 92.5%, reflector output power is 44.4kW.Consider that overflowing efficiency is 85%, reflectance 3.15%, transmitting ratio 5.84%, convection losses rate 2.25%, the radiation of heat collector cavity and convection losses rate 2.55%, the power that enters Stirling-electric hybrid is 32.76 kW, and Stirling-electric hybrid output mechanical power is 12.25 kW, and 20.51 kW heat energy are discharged in air by radiator.Within 1 year, consume the amounts of hydrogen of 3 bottles of B50 hydrogen bottles.
U.S. Maricopa dish formula CSP power station is positioned at peoria city, Arizona State, takes up an area 15 public affairs and inclines, and power station went into operation in September, 2009, and go into operation in January, 2010.Single dish power 25 kW, amount to 60, total capacity 1.5MW, and MANUFACTURER is Catcher dish formula Stirling energy system company, the type of cooling is air-cooled.
Australian National University's construction has a saucer formula CSP system, motor is not to adopt Stirling-electric hybrid, but directly produces superheated vapour, is transported to the steam turbine power generation of 50 kW by pipeline, reflector area 400 ㎡, heat collector directly produces 5MPa, 500 ℃ of superheated vapours.This system can avoid adopting Stirling-electric hybrid, also can realize to user direct heating simultaneously, by storing the application such as high-temperature water heat accumulation, has expanded the application area of dish formula system
[3].
10 10 kilowatts solar energy dish formula Stirling engine generator set have been installed by Sweden's clean energy resource (Cleanergy) company in Ordos, inner Mongolia Wushen Banner, hydrogen medium circulation, 100 kilowatts of total capacities, 2,000 ten thousand yuan of gross investments.
China's solar energy thermal-power-generating research is started late, until 20 century 70s just start to carry out some basic researchs.On the basis of helping in national policy in recent years, Chinese photothermal power generation has been obtained certain development, but compared with developed countries, still has larger gap.
China's solar energy thermal-power-generating technical research is divided into three phases: during country's " eight or five " (1990～nineteen ninety-five), China national Science and Technology Commission supports development groove type solar condenser and the vacuum tubes such as the electrician of Chinese Academy of Sciences institute, Liu Dazhong, Tsing-Hua University, and responsible department is Tsing-Hua University; During " 15 " (2000～2005 years), the Department of Science and Technology relies on " 863 " plan to assign the research of 10kW dish formula Stirling solar energy thermal-power-generating, participant is Engineering Thermo-Physics Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences, electrician institute, Xinjiang back of the body energy company, Himin Solar Energy Group Co., Ltd. etc., responsible department is the electrician of Chinese Academy of Sciences institute, joint research and development solar energy DVD multidisc condenser and single dish condenser totally 4 covers, wherein DVD multidisc condenser focus place temperature is about 1600 ℃, place solar energy Stirling (Stirling) electricity generating device, started generating in 2007
[6].; Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006～2010 years), under Environment and energy resource dual-pressure and world's solar energy thermal-power-generating fast development situation, Chinese science and technology portion started Eleventh Five-Year Plan " 863 " key project " solar energy thermal-power-generating technology and system demonstration " in 2006, the research of project support 1MW tower type solar energy thermal power generation technology, participant has 4 universities, 4 research institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and 2 companies.Also started 3 goal orientation problems and 5 exploration guiding problems simultaneously, respectively to slot type vacuum tube, Stirling power generating equipment, high-temperature selective coating, thermoelectric material and system, heat-storage technology etc. have given support
[7].
Patent of invention " a kind of solar energy level pressure heat hot air-flow engine electric power generating system " adopts reciprocating engine
[8].
Steam turbine technology maturation, but it needs water as working medium, power generation system will have water supply system, superheated vapour system, condenser system, cooling system, in steam turbine, do not allow to occur saturated vapor, steam turbine auxiliary system complexity, therefore steam turbine is than better suited for large scale system, as tower CSP and slot type CSP.Dish formula CSP system feature is exactly little miniature and can separate unit independent operating, and complicated steam turbine operation auxiliary system is not suitable for little miniature dish formula CSP.
Reference:
1.IRENA(International?Renewable?Energy?Agency),Remap?2030—A?Renewable?Energy?Roadmap,January?2014；
2. State Statistics Bureau, People's Republic of China's national economy and social development statistical communique in 2013, People's Daily, 2014.2.25;
3. yellow Hunan, Wang Zhifeng, Li Yan play, Qiu Hemei, Huang Wenhan, solar energy thermal-power-generating technology, China Electric Power Publishing House, 2013.5
4. flavine ease, Huang Shuhong etc., solar energy thermal-power-generating principle and technology, China Electric Power Publishing House, 2012.8;
5, Liu Jianmin, solar thermal power generation technology, Chemical Industry Press, 2012.9;
6, Chinese Academy of Sciences's energy field strategic research group, China is to the year two thousand fifty energy science and technology way for development line chart, Science Press, 2009.8;
7, the advanced energy technology field of national high-tech research development plan expert group, Energy Development in China outline, the meeting of Sinopec publishing house, 2010.2;
8, Wei Yili, a kind of solar energy level pressure heat hot air-flow engine electric power generating system, patent of invention, ZL201110119488.6.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is turbo machine level pressure Heating Cyclic to obtain new application in dish formula CSP, with air as working medium, as motor, solve the restriction of Stirling engine with air turbine, provide a kind of new dish formula CSP: solar energy dish formula air turbine power generation system.Be called air turbine as the turbo machine of working medium with air, air turbine is longer than piston type engine life, it is little, lubricated simple to vibrate, and rotating speed is higher, volume is less, there is no equally the cooling heat dissipation mechanism of Stirling engine.
The object of the invention is to realize in the following manner:
The present invention includes double-axis tracking solar energy dish formula focusing mirror plane system, air compressor, solar collector, air turbine, generator, it is characterized in that: solar collector one end connects air compressor, the other end connects air turbine, and Air wheel arbor is connected with generator shaft, the focus point of double-axis tracking solar energy dish formula focusing mirror plane system drops on solar collector all the time, heat power circulation adopts desirable turbo machine level pressure Heating Cyclic, with air as working medium, the high-pressure air that air produces through air compressor is supplied with solar collector, solar collector absorbs the solar energy that solar energy dish formula mirror surface focuses on, in solar collector, complete level pressure heating through the high-pressure air of air compressor compression, high-pressure air air supply turbine through solar collector heating produces mechanical energy to drive generator, send electric energy.
Described air turbine adopts blade type turbogenerator.
On described air turbine, be provided with open relief opening.
Heat power cyclic process of the present invention: air compressor adiabatic compression process → solar collector constant-pressure heating process → air turbine adiabatic expansion → atmosphere level pressure cooling procedure.
Advantage of the present invention is: working medium is air, do working medium without hydrogen G&W, adopt solar energy level pressure Heating Cyclic mode, air turbine is longer than the piston type generator life-span, vibrate little, lubricated simply, rotating speed is higher, volume is less, there is no equally the cooling heat dissipation mechanism of Stirling engine.Adopt the working medium of air as photo-thermal dish formula CSP level pressure Heating Cyclic, the restriction that does not exist desert photo-thermal CSP power station water resources to lack, opening level pressure heating circulation system adopts air working medium very convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is turbo machine solar energy level pressure heating Ideal Cycle pressure-volume diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, the present invention is made up of double-axis tracking solar focusing mirror surface system 1, solar collector 2, air compressor 3, air turbine 4, generator 5, solar collector one end connects air compressor, the other end connects air turbine, Air wheel arbor is connected with generator shaft, and the focus point of double-axis tracking solar energy dish formula focusing mirror plane system drops on solar collector all the time; Heat power circulation adopts desirable turbo machine level pressure Heating Cyclic, with air as working medium, air is sucked by the air intlet 7 of air compressor, the high-pressure air producing through air compressor 3 is supplied with solar collector 2, solar collector 2 absorbs the solar energy that solar energy dish formula mirror surface focuses on, high-pressure air completes level pressure heating in solar collector 2, the high pressure, the high temperature air air supply turbine 4 that heat through solar collector 2 produce mechanical energy to drive generator 5, send electric energy, the air after acting is discharged through the relief opening 6 of air turbine.
With reference to accompanying drawing 2, the Ideal Cycle process of the solar energy level pressure Heating Cyclic of solar energy dish formula air turbine power generation system of the present invention: adiabatic compression process a point is completed by air compressor to b point; Solar energy level pressure heating process b point carries out in solar collector to c point, and adiabatic expansion c point is completed by air turbine to d point, and level pressure cooling procedure d point completes in atmosphere to a point.
The thermodynamic cycle that gas turbine adopts is also the cyclic process shown in Fig. 2, but the difference of the present invention and gas turbine: the present invention is that solar energy external heat, gas turbine are internal combustions; The energy difference of utilizing, the present invention utilizes solar energy, and gas turbine utilizes liquid fuel; Gas turbine combuster, the present invention does not have firing chamber and is provided with solar collector; Gas turbine has fuel supply system, and the present invention does not have fuel supply system and is provided with double-axis tracking solar focusing mirror surface system.
Air turbine of the present invention from Stirling engine difference is: the cyclic process of employing is different, and Stirling engine adopts Stirling circulation, and air turbine of the present invention adopts level pressure Heating Cyclic; Working medium difference, Stirling engine adopts hydrogen working medium, and the present invention adopts air working medium; Stirling engine is the system of remaining silent, and the air turbine of this invention is open loop system; In Stirling engine, gas flow direction is two-way, and air-flow direction of the present invention only has a direction.
The present invention adopts blade type turbogenerator, does not adopt the reciprocating engine of patent of invention " a kind of solar energy level pressure heat hot air-flow engine electric power generating system ".
Heat-the mechanical energy conversion device of dish formula CSP system does not also domesticize.Stirling engine adopts hydrogen medium, and inflammable and explosive, its motor is in the form of piston, and the life-span is lower than turbogenerator.Air wheel motor (air turbine), water turbine, steam turbine, wind turbine are all turbogenerators, they are all blade types, there is science general character, Air wheel motor and steam turbine are very approaching, medium is all high temperature and high pressure gas, one is High Temperature High Pressure air, and another is High Temperature High Pressure overheated steam.With the alternative Stirling engine of Air wheel motor, solve the motor restriction of dish formula CSP production domesticization.
Air turbine is the same with steam turbine, water turbine, wind mill wind wheel and gas turbine is all blade dynamic power machine.Impulse air turbine is mainly made up of impulse stage, and the High Temperature High Pressure air that comes from solar collector mainly expands in nozzle blade cascade (static cascade), only has a small amount of expansion in moving blades.Reactionary style air turbine is mainly made up of reaction-type stage, and high pressure-temperature air all expands in static cascade and moving blades, and degrees of expansion is identical.Steam turbine water vapor must be superheated vapor, in case in the inner water of condensation that produces of steam turbine, some turbine discharge mouth requires negative pressure, maintain steam superheating state, condensing steam turbine is provided with vapour condenser, and turbine generating system is equipped with steam cooling system, produce condensed water, enter cyclic process.Air turbine exhaust is directly discharged, and there is no cooling system.
Claims (4)
1. a solar energy dish formula air turbine power generation system, comprise double-axis tracking solar energy dish formula focusing mirror plane system, air compressor, solar collector, air turbine, generator, it is characterized in that: solar collector one end connects air compressor, the other end connects air turbine, and Air wheel arbor is connected with generator shaft; The focus point of double-axis tracking solar energy dish formula focusing mirror plane system drops on solar collector all the time, heat power circulation adopts desirable turbo machine level pressure Heating Cyclic, with air as working medium, the high-pressure air that air produces through air compressor is supplied with solar collector, solar collector absorbs the solar energy that solar energy dish formula mirror surface focuses on, pressurized air completes level pressure heating in solar collector, high pressure, high temperature air air supply turbine through solar collector heating produce mechanical energy to drive generator, send electric energy.
2. solar energy dish formula air turbine power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described motor adopts blade type turbogenerator.
3. solar energy dish formula air turbine power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: circulation system is open loop system, is provided with open relief opening on described air turbine.
4. solar energy dish formula air turbine power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the heat power cyclic process of solar energy dish formula air turbine power generation system: air compressor adiabatic compression process → solar collector constant-pressure heating process → air turbine adiabatic expansion → atmosphere level pressure cooling procedure.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105888844A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-24 | 殷翠萍 | Dish type solar power generation system |
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| EP2444630A1 (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2012-04-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Solar thermal gas turbine power plant |
| EP2450548A1 (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2012-05-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Gas turbine plant, heat receiver, power generating device, and solar concentrating system associated with solar thermal electric generation system |
| CN203067096U (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-07-17 | 林峰 | Multi-disk solar indirect-cooling back-heating re-heating type air turbine thermal power generation device |
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- 2014-03-10 CN CN201410084932.9A patent/CN103821679A/en active Pending
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| GB2449181A (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2008-11-12 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Solar hybrid combined cycle power plant |
| EP2444630A1 (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2012-04-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Solar thermal gas turbine power plant |
| EP2450548A1 (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2012-05-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Gas turbine plant, heat receiver, power generating device, and solar concentrating system associated with solar thermal electric generation system |
| CN102287347A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2011-12-21 | 包头市爱能控制工程有限责任公司 | Solar constant pressure heating hot airflow engine generation system |
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| CN105888844A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-24 | 殷翠萍 | Dish type solar power generation system |
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Application publication date: 20140528 |