CN103812257A - Motor - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN103812257A
CN103812257A CN201310524673.2A CN201310524673A CN103812257A CN 103812257 A CN103812257 A CN 103812257A CN 201310524673 A CN201310524673 A CN 201310524673A CN 103812257 A CN103812257 A CN 103812257A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
motor
bracket
iron core
protuberance
core back
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201310524673.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103812257B (en
Inventor
古川敬三
岩下靖由
长泽纯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nidec Corp
Original Assignee
Nidec Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of CN103812257A publication Critical patent/CN103812257A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103812257B publication Critical patent/CN103812257B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H02K3/34—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H02K3/345—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/08—Insulating casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/15—Mounting arrangements for bearing-shields or end plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes
    • H02K5/225—Terminal boxes or connection arrangements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a motor which includes a shaft arranged along a center axis extending in an up-down direction, a rotor magnet arranged in an annular shape about the center axis, an armature arranged to cover the rotor magnet at the radial outer side thereof, an upper bracket fixed to an axial upper portion of the armature, the upper bracket holding an upper bearing to rotatably support the shaft at the radial center thereof, and a lower bracket fixed to an axial lower portion of the armature, the lower bracket holding a lower bearing to rotatably support the shaft at the radial center thereof, wherein the armature includes an annular core-back, a plurality of magnetic pole teeth protruding radially inward from the core-back, an insulator arranged to cover at least upper surfaces and lower surfaces of the magnetic pole teeth and a coil defined by a conductive wire wound around the magnetic pole teeth through the insulator, the insulator including an annular core-back insulating portion arranged radially outward of the coil and extended axially upward, the upper bracket making direct or indirect contact with the core-back insulating portion in an axial direction and making contact with the core-back insulating portion in a radial direction, the upper bracket fixed by a plurality of fixing members positioned radially inward of an outer circumferential surface of the core-back.

Description

Motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of inner-rotor type motor.
Background technology
In inner-rotor type motor, in the case of the axial length of motor is long, extensive use is respectively at the motor of the axial upside of armature and the structure of downside configuration bearing.
In this motor, need to be at the bracket of distinguishing up and down mounting support bearing of armature.
In No. 4798651st, Japan Patent, will fix to front side end bracket and the rear side end bracket of radial outside expansion than stator core peripheral part by screw.
But in No. 4798651st, Japan Patent, although avoid the disorder of magnetic flux, the end breaket of front and back is expanded to radial outside than stator core.Therefore, exist motor to become the problem of maximization.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of inner-rotor type motor with the structure that solves above-mentioned technical task.
The motor the present invention relates to has along the axle of the central axis configuration of upper downward-extension, configuration and the rotor magnet that together rotates with axle in the form of a ring centered by central axis, cover the armature of rotor magnet from radial outside, be fixed on the bracket of axial upside and the maintenance upper bearing (metal) of armature, and be fixed on the axial downside of armature and keep the bottom bracket of lower bearing, described upper bearing (metal) and lower bearing all support axle for rotating radially central, armature has the iron core back of ring-type, multiple magnetic pole tooths from iron core back to radially inner side that give prominence to from, cover at least upper surface of magnetic pole tooth and the insulating part of lower surface, and by wire is wound in to the coil that magnetic pole tooth forms across insulating part, insulating part has the iron core back insulation division of the ring-type of extending to axial upside at the radial outside of coil, bracket contacts in the axial direction directly or indirectly with iron core back insulation division, and in radially contact, and fixed by multiple fixed parts, fixed part is positioned at the position by radially inner side than the outer peripheral face at iron core back.
Can locate accurately armature and bracket according to the present invention.Consequently, can guarantee the axiality of bearing and central axis.And, because can reduce the shared volume of the profile of the relative motor of armature, therefore can make the compact outline of motor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereoscopic figure of motor.
Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional cutaway view of motor.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of motor.
Fig. 4 is the stereoscopic figure of the bracket state afterwards of dismantling of motor.
Fig. 5 is the upward view of stator core.
Fig. 6 is the end view of stator core.
Fig. 7 is the stereogram of bracket.
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of upper insulating part.
Fig. 9 is the cutaway view of the related motor of other variation.
Symbol description
1,1B-motor; 2-stationary part; 21,21B-bracket; 211-cap; 212-maintaining part; 2121-inner peripheral surface; 2122-end face; 213-protuberance; 214-through hole; 2141-seat surface; 215-rib; 216-recess; 217-opening; 22,22B-bottom bracket; 221-bottom; The large footpath of 222-cylindrical portion; 223,223B-path cylindrical portion; 23-stator core; 231-iron core back; 232-magnetic pole tooth; 24-coil; The upper insulating part of 25,25B-; 251-magnetic pole tooth insulation division; 252-iron core back insulation division; 253-seat surface; 254-positioning convex portion; 255-protuberance; The 256-portion that is fixed; Insulating part under 26,26B-; 27-circuit board; 271,271B-Magnetic Sensor; 272-location division; 273-connector; The 274-insertion section that winds the line; 275-fixed part insertion section; 276B-photoelectric sensor; 28-bearing portion; 281-upper bearing (metal); 282-lower bearing; 29-armature; 3,3B-rotating part; 31,31B-axle; 32,32B-rotor retainer; 321-central portion; 322-cylindrical portion; 33,33B-rotor magnet; 34B-position detecting magnet; 35B-magnetic sheet; 41-downside minor diameter part; 42-large-diameter portion; 43-upside minor diameter part; 44-step surface; 51-slot part; 52-inner face; 61-fixed part (screw); J1-central axis.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, the illustrated execution mode of the present invention is described.Below, using the direction of the central axis along motor as above-below direction.With respect to stator core, using a side of iron core back insulation division, as upside, the shape to each several part and position relationship describe.But this just for convenience of description and the definition that above-below direction is carried out does not limit motor involved in the present invention posture in use.
<1. the overall structure > of motor
The motor of present embodiment is for example equipped on the household appliances such as air-conditioning, air purifier or refrigerator, uses as the drive source of fan or pump.Or the drive source as industrial equipments such as separators uses.But motor of the present invention can be also the motor using as other purposes.For example, motor of the present invention can be to be also equipped on office automation (OA, Office Automation) equipment, Medical Devices and automobile etc. and the motor that produces various actuating forces.Below, the equipment that carries motor 1 is called to " drive unit ".
Fig. 1 is the stereoscopic figure of the related motor of present embodiment 1.Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional cutaway view of motor 1.Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of motor 1.As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, motor 1 comprises stationary part 2 and rotating part 3.Stationary part 2 is fixed on the framework of drive unit (not shown).Rotating part 3 is supported to and can rotates relative to stationary part 2.
The stationary part 2 of present embodiment has bracket 21, bottom bracket 22, stator core 23, coil 24, upper insulating part 25, lower insulating part 26, circuit board 27 and bearing portion 28.
Bracket 21 keeps stator core 23 and bearing portion 28(upper bearing (metal) 281).More particularly, bracket 21 contacts with upper insulating part 25, and by fixing by multiple fixed parts 61, thereby keep stator core 23.Bracket 21 is with cover roughly cylindric.Bracket 21 is metal parts.Bracket 21 is by the so-called die casting that injects mould moulding after the metal melting take zinc as main component is obtained.In addition, the kind of metal is not limited to zinc, also can use other metals such as aluminium.And bracket 21 also can not passed through die casting, and by other processing method processing such as pressings.Bracket 21 can not be also metal system, but resin.
Bottom bracket 22 keeps stator core 23 and bearing portion 28(lower bearing 282).Bottom bracket 22 is metal parts.Bottom bracket 22 has bottom 221, large footpath cylindrical portion 222 and path cylindrical portion 223.Bottom 221 is radially (with the orthogonal direction of central axis at the downside of coil 24.Identical below) position of substantially planar of expansion.Large footpath cylindrical portion 222 is the roughly position cylindraceous of extending to upside from the peripheral part of bottom 221.Path cylindrical portion 223 is the roughly position cylindraceous of extending to downside at the radially inner side of bottom 221.When motor 1 is installed on to drive unit, to the outer peripheral face of the chimeric path cylindrical portion 223 of framework of drive unit.Thus, easily positioning motor 1 and drive unit.And, be circumferentially provided with multiple holes on 221 edges, bottom.By inserting screw to this hole, thus fixing motor 1 and drive unit.
Bottom bracket 22 is made up of the metal except electromagnetic steel plate.The bottom bracket 22 of present embodiment is to carry out punch process by the alloy sheets to take iron as main component to obtain., bottom bracket 22 is for having the integral type punching press processed goods of bottom 221, large footpath cylindrical portion 222 and path cylindrical portion 223.Punch process is compared other processing methods such as casting or cutting and is more suitable for producing in enormous quantities.And, in the present embodiment, keep stator core 23 and bearing portion 28(lower bearing 282 by the bottom bracket 22 as integral type parts).Therefore, can make stator core 23 and axle 31 described later mutually locate accurately.
Stator core 23 and coil 24 are the positions of playing the effect of the armature of motor 1.Stator core 23 by vertically (along the direction of central axis J1.Identical below) electromagnetic steel plate such as stacked silicon steel plate and the stacked steel plate that obtains forms.Multiple magnetic pole tooths 232 that stator core 23 has circular iron core back 231 and gives prominence to from iron core back 231 to radially inner side.Iron core back 231 is maintained at the large footpath cylindrical portion 222 of bottom bracket 22.The outer peripheral face at iron core back 231 is the outer peripheral face of downside minor diameter part 41 described later, large-diameter portion 42 and upside minor diameter part 43.The circumferential width at the position of the winding around 24 of each magnetic pole tooth 232 of stator core 23 is below the twice of radial width at iron core back 231.
Coil 24 is made up of the wire being wound around around magnetic pole tooth 232.Coil 24 is wound in magnetic pole tooth 232 across insulating part.If give drive current to coil 24, just can produce magnetic flux radially at the magnetic pole tooth 232 as magnetic core.And, because the flux interaction between magnetic pole tooth 232 and the rotor magnet 33 of rotating part 3 sides produces circumferential torque.Consequently, rotating part 3 rotates centered by central axis J1 with respect to stationary part 2.
Upper insulating part 25 and lower insulating part 26 are for making the resin parts of stator core 23 and coil 24 electric insulations.Upper insulating part 25 is disposed at the upside of stator core 23.Lower insulating part 26 is disposed at the downside of stator core 23.In other words, between upper insulating part 25 and lower insulating part 26, clip stator core 23.Upper insulating part 25 covers the upper surface of magnetic pole tooth 232.Lower insulating part 26 covers the lower surface of magnetic pole tooth 232.And upper insulating part 25 and lower insulating part 26 cover the side of magnetic pole tooth 232.Form insulating part by upper insulating part 25 and lower insulating part 26.In the present embodiment, by upper insulating part 25 and lower insulating part 26 to magnetic pole tooth 232 winding arounds 24, thereby insulating part is fixed on to stator core 23.
Upper insulating part 25 and lower insulating part 26 have between magnetic pole tooth 232 and coil 24 and make the part of magnetic pole tooth 232 and coil 24 electric insulations.And upper insulating part 25 has along the iron core back insulation division 252 of circumferentially continuous ring-type at the radial outside of coil 24.Iron core back insulation division 252 is disposed at the upside of upside minor diameter part 43 and the radial outside of coil 24.Iron core back insulation division 252 is for making coil 24 there is to be wound around the position of insulating with miscellaneous part while damaging.The assembly of stator core 23, coil 24, upper insulating part 25 and lower insulating part 26 is defined as to armature 29.
Fig. 4 is the stereoscopic figure of bracket 21 state afterwards of dismantling of the related motor of present embodiment 1.With reference to Fig. 4, circuit board 27 is for being equipped with the substrate for give the circuit of drive current to coil 24.Circuit board 27 in the time overlooking for roughly discoideus.The external diameter of the upside minor diameter part 43 of the external diameter of circuit board 27 and stator core 23 is unanimous on the whole.Circuit board 27 is fixed on the seat surface 253 as the upper surface of upper insulating part 25.And, be provided with the Magnetic Sensor 271 for detection of the rotating speed of rotating part 3 at the lower surface of circuit board 27.For example use Hall element as Magnetic Sensor 271.And, be provided with the otch caving in from periphery to radially inner side at the outer peripheral face of circuit board 27.This otch is location division 272, and the positioning convex portion of upper insulating part 25 described later 254 is inserted to location division 272.Thus, in the time that circuit board 27 will relatively be gone up insulating part 25 and relatively moves, contact moving-limiting by protuberance 254 and location division 272.Result is to carry out accurately the location circumferentially and radially of upper insulating part 25 and circuit board 27.In addition, location division 272 can be also through hole.
And, be provided with connector 273 at the upper surface of circuit board 27.Motor 1 obtains drive current via connector 273.And, be provided with the otch caving in from periphery to radially inner side at the outer peripheral face of circuit board 27.This otch is coiling insertion section 274.The end of the wire of coil 24 is drawn out to the upper surface of circuit board 27 by coiling insertion section 274, and is being arranged at the pad of upper surface of circuit board 27 by soldering.In addition, in the present embodiment, coiling insertion section 274 is along being circumferentially configured in three places.This is because the motor 1 of present embodiment is 3-phase brushless motor, needs the each phase of soldering U, V and W.And, be provided with the otch caving in from periphery to radially inner side at the outer peripheral face of circuit board 27.This otch is fixed part insertion section 275.Fixed part insertion section 275 has face corresponding to the projection of shape in the time overlooking with the screw portion of fixed part described later (screw 61).
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, bearing portion 28 is for to support the parts for rotating freely by the axle of rotating part 3 31.Bearing portion 28 is made up of upper bearing (metal) 281 and lower bearing 282.Upper bearing (metal) 281 remains on the inner peripheral surface 2121 of the maintaining part 212 of bracket 21.Lower bearing 282 remains on the inner peripheral surface of the path cylindrical portion 223 of bottom bracket 22.Bearing portion 28 for example uses across spheroid and makes outer ring and the counterrotating ball bearing of inner ring.But bearing portion 28 also can use the bearing of other modes such as sliding bearing or FDB.
The rotating part 3 of present embodiment has axle 31, rotor retainer 32 and rotor magnet 33.Axle 31 is along the central axis J1 roughly columnar component that direction is extended up and down.Axle 31 is supported by above-mentioned bearing portion 28, and rotates centered by central axis J1.The bottom of axle 31 is lower side-prominent to bottom bracket 22.And the upper end of axle 31 is upper side-prominent to circuit board 27.The bottom of axle 31 or upper end are connected with the drive division of drive unit via Poewr transmission mechanisms such as gears.But the drive division of drive unit also can directly be driven by axle 31.
Rotor retainer 32 is the parts that together rotate at the radially inner side of stator core 23 and coil 24 and axle 31.The rotor retainer 32 of present embodiment is made up of automatic steel.Rotor retainer 32 forms by cutting.Rotor retainer 32 is roughly H shape of cross section, and has central portion 321 and cylindrical portion 322.Central portion 321 is positioned at the axial central authorities of rotor retainer 32, and side face is pressed into axle 31 therein.Cylindrical portion 322 is the roughly positions cylindraceous that are positioned at the radial outside of central portion 321 and extend to axial upside and the downside of central portion 321.
In the present embodiment, although the shape of rotor retainer 32 is made as to roughly H shape of cross section, be not limited to this shape.The shape of rotor retainer 32 also can be for simply cylindric.And the shape of rotor retainer 32 can be also with cover roughly cylindric, and obtains by punch process.And rotor retainer 32 also can obtain by stacked magnetic steel plate.And rotor retainer 32 also can obtain by sintering.
Rotor magnet 33 is cylindric, and is fixed on the outer peripheral face of the cylindrical portion 322 of rotor retainer 32.The face of the radial outside of rotor magnet 33 is and stator core 23 and coil 24 magnetic pole strength at diametrically contraposition.Rotor magnet 33 is magnetized along the mode of circumferential alternative arrangement with the magnetic pole strength of the N utmost point and the magnetic pole strength of the S utmost point.In addition, for rotor magnet 33, also can the N utmost point and the S utmost point configure multiple magnetites in the circumferential mode of alternative arrangement and replace magnetite cylindraceous.
<2. for stator core >
Next, the more detailed structure of stator core 23 is described.Fig. 5 is the upward view of stator core 23.Fig. 6 is the end view of stator core 23.
As shown in Figures 2 to 6, the outer peripheral face of stator core 23 has downside minor diameter part 41, large-diameter portion 42 and upside minor diameter part 43.Downside minor diameter part 41 has roughly outer peripheral face cylindraceous.Downside minor diameter part 41 is pressed into the radially inner side of the large footpath cylindrical portion 222 of bottom bracket 22., downside minor diameter part 41 is fixed in the inner peripheral surface of large footpath cylindrical portion 222.Large-diameter portion 42 is disposed at than the position of downside minor diameter part 41 top sides.Large-diameter portion 42 has the roughly cylindraceous outer peripheral face larger than the outer peripheral face diameter of downside minor diameter part 41.
Upside minor diameter part 43 is configured in than the position of large-diameter portion 42 top sides.Upside minor diameter part 43 has the roughly cylindraceous outer peripheral face less than the outer peripheral face diameter of large-diameter portion 42.In other words, the external diameter of upside minor diameter part 43 is less than the external diameter of large-diameter portion 42.In the present embodiment, the diameter of the outer peripheral face of upside minor diameter part 43 is identical with the diameter of the outer peripheral face of downside minor diameter part 41.The outer peripheral face on the top of upside minor diameter part 43 contacts with the protuberance 213 of bracket 21.
By making the diameter of outer peripheral face of upside minor diameter part 43 identical with the diameter of the outer peripheral face of downside minor diameter part 41, can make the mould of moulding upside minor diameter part 43 identical with the mould of moulding downside minor diameter part 41.Therefore, do not need to append mould.
The outer peripheral face of large-diameter portion 42 is not covered by large footpath cylindrical portion 222 and protuberance 213, exposes from bottom bracket 22 and bracket 21.,, compared with the situation that the entirety of outer peripheral face of stator core 23 is covered by bottom bracket 22 and bracket 21, in the present embodiment, the outer peripheral face of stator core 23 is little with the opposed area radially between bottom bracket 22 and bracket 21.Therefore,, even when bottom bracket 22 and bracket 21 are magnet, be also difficult for occurring to spill magnetic flux from the outer peripheral face of large-diameter portion 42 to bottom bracket 22 and bracket 21.Therefore, can reduce the iron loss that causes due to bottom bracket 22 and bracket 21, improve the efficiency of motor 1.
And the outer peripheral face of large-diameter portion 42 is projected into the radial position identical with the outer peripheral face of large footpath cylindrical portion 222 and the outer peripheral face of protuberance 213 to radial outside., the outer peripheral face of large-diameter portion 42 is the outermost footpath portion at iron core back 231.Therefore,, compared with not having so outstanding situation, the magnetic circuit in iron core back 231 radially expands.Thus, the magnetic saturation of stator core 23 can be suppressed, the iron loss at large-diameter portion 42 at iron core back 231 self can also be reduced.Therefore, can further improve the efficiency of motor 1.
And, if increase the external diameter of large-diameter portion 42, can, in maintaining magnetic circuit in stator core 23 and forming region big or small, expand the internal diameter of stator core 23.And if the internal diameter of stator core 23 increases, the radial dimension of rotating part 3 also can increase the amount that the internal diameter of stator core 23 increases.Like this, can make the torque of rotating part 3 improve.
Large-diameter portion 42 also can be more outstanding to the position of radial outside than the outer peripheral face of the outer peripheral face of large footpath cylindrical portion 222 and protuberance 213.But, as present embodiment, as long as make the outer peripheral face of large-diameter portion 42 be configured in identical radial position with the outer peripheral face of large footpath cylindrical portion 222, just can suppress the concavo-convex of the maximization of motor 1 and the outer peripheral face of motor 1.
The outer peripheral face of the downside minor diameter part 41 of 222 covering stator iron cores 23 of large footpath cylindrical portion of bottom bracket 22.Therefore,, compared with the overall situation of the outer peripheral face of covering stator iron core 23, can shorten the axial length of large footpath cylindrical portion 222.Thus, can reduce the material of bottom bracket 22, and make the processing of bottom bracket 22 become easy.Particularly, as present embodiment, in the situation that bottom bracket 22 is punch process product, the length of the large footpath cylindrical portion 222 being processed to form by drawing is short, thereby significantly improves the easiness of processing.
And the stator core 23 of present embodiment has step surface 44 on the border of the outer peripheral face of downside minor diameter part 41 and the outer peripheral face of large-diameter portion 42.And, the upper end butt of this step surface 44 and large footpath cylindrical portion 222.Thus, determine the axial location of stator core 23 relative bottom brackets 22.In the time manufacturing motor 1, use the fixture of location use, be pressed into stator core 23 with step surface 44 and the mode of the upper end butt of large footpath cylindrical portion 222.Therefore, though the magnetic steel plate of stator core 23 be laminated with deviation, also can be at axial location bottom bracket 22 and stator core 23.
The axial dimension of stator core 23 is set according to the characteristic of desired motor 1.At this moment, increase and decrease the size of large-diameter portion 42 as long as the size of at least one party in downside minor diameter part 41 and upside minor diameter part 43 is fixed, just can change the size of at least one party in bottom bracket 22 and bracket 21 and change the axial dimension of stator core 23.That is to say, adopt the structure of stator core 23 of present embodiment, can use at least one party in bottom bracket 22 and the bracket 21 of identical type with respect to the stator core 23 of multiple kinds.And, the size of large-diameter portion 42 is increased, that is, the stacked number of the magnetic steel plate of large-diameter portion 42 is increased, can make the output of motor 1 improve.
In addition, in the stator core 23 of present embodiment, the axial dimension of large-diameter portion 42 is larger than the axial dimension of downside minor diameter part 41.And the axial dimension of large-diameter portion 42 is larger than the axial dimension of upside minor diameter part 43.Thus, become the example of more paying attention to reducing iron loss effect.In obtaining reducing the effect of iron loss, wish to make, in the situation of at least one party in bottom bracket 22 and bracket 21 and the constant intensity raising of stator core 23, also can the axial dimension of at least one party in downside minor diameter part 41 and upside minor diameter part 43 is set as larger than the axial dimension of large-diameter portion 42.
<3. about the fixing > between bracket and upper insulating part
First, bracket 21 is elaborated.Fig. 7 is the stereogram of bracket 21.With reference to Fig. 7, bracket 21 has cap 211, maintaining part 212, protuberance 213, through hole 214, rib 215 and opening 217.Cap 211 is tabular, and is positioned at the position of the axial upside of circuit board 27.Maintaining part 212 is positioned at the radially inner side of cap 211, and is the recess to axial open lower side.Maintaining part 212 has inner peripheral surface 2121 cylindraceous and circular end face 2122.Inner peripheral surface 2121 contacts with the outer peripheral face of the outer ring of upper bearing (metal) 281.End face 2122 contacts with the upper surface of the outer ring of upper bearing (metal) 281.Thus, maintaining part 212 keeps upper bearing (metal) 281.
Protuberance 213 is from the radial outside of cap 211 to side-prominent axially.Protuberance 213 is ring-type roughly.And protuberance 213 is for roughly cylindric.The inner peripheral surface of protuberance 213 contacts with the outer peripheral face of the upside minor diameter part 43 of stator core 23.Thus, can improve the coaxial precision of central axis J1 and upper bearing (metal) 281.And, the rigidity of bracket 21 is improved.And the inner peripheral surface of protuberance 213 also can contact with the outer peripheral face of the outer peripheral face of circuit board 27 or upper insulating part 25.Contact with circuit board 27 or upper insulating part 25 by the inner peripheral surface that makes protuberance 213, can make the rigidity of bracket 21 further improve.Protuberance 213 is being expanded along circumferential the position of side on the lower than the lower end of protuberance 255.
Through hole 214 is multiple along circumferentially configuring in the radial outside portion of cap 211.In the present embodiment, the number of through hole 214 is three.At the interior insertion fixed part 61 of each through hole 214.In the present embodiment, fixed part 61 is screw (as required, being below recited as screw 61).Configure seat surface 2141 around through hole 214.Seat surface 2141 is positioned at the position by axial downside than cap 211.The head of screw 61 contacts with seat surface 2141.In other words, screw 61 has the lower surface contacting with the upper surface of bracket 21.Thus, even in the time having inserted screw 61, also can prevent that screw 61 is from cap 211 to side-prominent axially.Thus, can make motor 1 become slimming.And the diameter of the screw portion of screw 61 is identical with the diameter of through hole 214, or slightly less than the diameter of through hole 214.Thus, inserting after screw 61, can suppress bracket 21 and move circumferential relative to armature 29.Therefore, can firmly fix bracket 21 and armature 29.In addition, screw 61 can be also rivet.In addition, the lower end of screw 61 also can with the upper end in contact of stator core 23.And, also can form grounding pattern in the edge of the fixed part insertion section 275 of circuit board 27.Thus, can keep ground connection by screw 61.
Rib 215 is arranged at the lower surface of cap 211, that is, and and with the surface of circuit board 27 opposite sides.In the present embodiment, rib 215 is radiated entends, and in the time overlooking, is configured in the position overlapping with through hole 214.Thus, even if configured through hole 214, also can prevent that the rigidity of bracket 21 from declining.And the position that is radiated entends of rib 215 connects into ring-type in the central authorities of bracket 21.The position of the ring-type of rib 215 is connected with maintaining part 212.Thus, can increase the rigidity of bracket 21.And, can support reliably the load that is applied to the upper bearing (metal) 281 that is held in maintaining part 212.
And, on circuit board 27, assemble the electronic component that caloric value is large, preferably to configure rib 215 with the opposed mode of this electronic component.Thus, can make electronic component and rib 215(bracket 21) between distance approach.Consequently, can discharge from bracket 21 heat that electronic component produces via rib 215.And, also can between electronic component and rib 215, configure the heat conduction materials such as silicon.Thus, can further promote to dispel the heat from electronic component.In addition, as the example of the large electronic component of caloric value, exemplified field-effect transistor (FET).
Recess 216 is a part for protuberance 213, and is the position to axial upside depression.More particularly, recess 216 is the position of caving in to axial upside from the lower end of protuberance 213.Recess 216 is configured in through hole 214 in circumferentially overlapping position.The protuberance 255 of upper insulating part 25 is positioned at the inner side of recess 216.The circumferential width of the circumferential width of recess 216 and protuberance 255 is roughly the same.Recess 216 is chimeric with protuberance 255., the contacts side surfaces of the side of recess 216 and protuberance 255.Thus, make the location between bracket 21 and upper insulating part 25 become easy.And, can connect securely bracket 21 and upper insulating part 25, thereby can improve the rigidity of stationary part 2.In addition, in the present embodiment, the lower surface of recess 216 does not directly contact with the upper surface of protuberance 255.This is because bracket 21 is axially contacting across circuit board 27 indirectly with upper insulating part 25.But the lower surface of recess 216 also can contact with the upper surface of protuberance 255.And bracket 21 also can directly not contact across circuit board 27 with upper insulating part 25.
Opening 217 is for being configured in the through hole from cap 211 to protuberance 213.On circuit board 27, the connector 273 of assembling exposes from opening 217.Motor 1 is connected with connector 273 by opening 217, thereby to motor power supplying.
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of upper insulating part 25.With reference to Fig. 8, the shape of upper insulating part 25 is elaborated.Upper insulating part 25 has magnetic pole tooth insulation division 251 and iron core back insulation division 252.Magnetic pole tooth insulation division 251 covers upper surface and the side of each magnetic pole tooth 232.Iron core back insulation division 252 is ring-type, and connects each magnetic pole tooth insulation division 251.The radial position of the outer peripheral face of the outer peripheral face of iron core back insulation division 252 and the upside minor diameter part 43 at iron core back 231 is unanimous on the whole.Iron core back insulation division 252 extends to axial upside at the radial outside of coil 24.The upper surface of iron core back insulation division 252 is positioned at the position by axial upside than coil 24.Thus, can prevent the miscellaneous part interference such as coil 24 and circuit board 27 or bracket 21.
Iron core back insulation division 252 has seat surface 253, positioning convex portion 254, protuberance 255 and the portion 256 that is fixed.Seat surface 253 is the upper surface of iron core back insulation division 252, and is the plane substantially vertical with central axis J1.Seat surface 253 contacts with the lower surface of circuit board 27.Positioning convex portion 254 is from seat surface 253 to side-prominent axially.Positioning convex portion 254 is accommodated in the location division 272 of circuit board 27.In the present embodiment, positioning convex portion 254 arranges three in circumferentially spaced compartment of terrain.Although positioning convex portion 254 is three in the present embodiment, is not limited to this, can be also one, two, four or more.Protuberance 255 is outstanding from iron core back insulation division 252 to radial outside.In other words, the external diameter of protuberance 255 is positioned at the position by radial outside than the outer peripheral face of upside minor diameter part 43.Therefore, protuberance 255 is more outstanding to radial outside than coil 24.In the present embodiment, the external diameter of the external diameter of protuberance 255 and large-diameter portion 42 is unanimous on the whole.Protuberance 255 has the side at circumferential almost parallel.Thus, in the time that protuberance 255 and recess 216 are chimeric, can prevent reliably circumferential movement.
Be fixed portion 256 for being arranged at the through hole of protuberance 255.Insert screw 61 in the portion of being fixed 256.The diameter of the diameter of portion 256 and the screw portion of screw 61 of being fixed is substantially identical size.The portion 256 that is fixed can not be also through hole, but the hole of side opening in the axial direction.
Next, to fixedly describing between armature 29 and circuit board 27 and bracket 21.
First, bottom bracket 22 is pressed into armature 29.And, rotating part 3 is disposed to the inner side of armature 29.
Next, circuit board 27 is positioned on the seat surface 253 of armature 29.At this moment, in the way to insert positioning convex portion 254 is positioned over to the location division 272 of circuit board 27.Thus, armature 29 carries out the location of circuit board 27 accurately relatively.Thus, can be configured in accurately the Magnetic Sensor 271 of assembling on circuit board 27.
Next, bracket 21 is positioned on circuit board 27.At this moment, the protuberance 255 of upper insulating part 25 is placed in chimeric mode with the recess 216 of bracket 21.And, place the inner peripheral surface of the protuberance 213 of bracket 21 in the mode contacting with the upside minor diameter part 43 of stator core 23.Thus, can carry out accurately bracket 21 and armature 29 in location circumferentially and radially.Consequently, can adjust accurately armature 29 and the axiality of upper bearing (metal) 281 that is supported in bracket 21.And, at this moment, through hole 214, fixed part insertion section 275 and the position consistency of portion 256 in the time overlooking that be fixed.Thus, can easily insert screw 61.
Finally, screw 61 is inserted to the portion 256 that is fixed.Screw 61 inserts via through hole 214 and fixed part insertion section 275.In the present embodiment, insert under having smeared the state of binding agent in the screw portion of screw 61.After insertion, the head of screw 61 contacts with seat surface 2141.Afterwards, adhesive cures, thus screw 61 is fixed in the portion of being fixed 256.In other words, insulating part 25 is fixed in the bottom of screw 61.Thus, circuit board 27 is sandwiched between bracket 21 and iron core back insulation division 252.Consequently, circuit board 27 and bracket 21 can be firmly fixed to armature 29.
And upper bearing (metal) 281 is positioned at the position by axial upside than the lower end of screw 61.Thus, can make the distance between upper bearing (metal) 281 and lower bearing 282 elongated, thus bolster 31 stably.
And screw 61 is positioned at the position by axial upside than the upper end at the iron core back of stator core 23.Thus, can guarantee the magnetic space of stator core 23.Consequently, can improve the efficiency of motor.
<2-3. about the slot part > of stator core
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, be provided with three slot parts 51 at the outer peripheral face of stator core 23.These slot parts 51 are for manufacturing when stator core 23 radially and circumferentially locate accurately the different electromagnetic steel plate of outside dimension and use.
Each slot part 51 extends vertically at the outer peripheral face of large-diameter portion 42.Each slot part 51 is the shape towards radially inner side depression triangular in shape from the outer peripheral face of large-diameter portion 42 in the time overlooking.The inner face 52 at the interface as radially inner side of slot part 51, is arranged on the radial position identical with the outer peripheral face of downside minor diameter part 41 and the outer peripheral face of upside minor diameter part 43.Therefore, this inner face 52 does not have step ground smoothly along continuous up and down with the outer peripheral face of downside minor diameter part 41 and the outer peripheral face of upside minor diameter part 43.
In the time manufacturing stator core 23, stacked each electromagnetic steel plate in multiple electromagnetic steel plates being positioned take slot part 51 as benchmark.When stacked, make stacked electromagnetic steel plate in axially extended fixture and slot part 51 butts.By fixture and each slot part 51 butts, multiple electromagnetic steel plates are by coaxial positioning.
<3. variation >
Above, although the illustrated execution mode of the present invention is illustrated, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode.
Fig. 9 is the partial, longitudinal cross-sectional of the related motor 1B of a variation.In the example of Fig. 9, bottom bracket 22B is identical with bracket 21B shape.And lower insulating part 26B is identical with upper insulating part 25B shape.And, be provided with Embedded Division and screw hole at bracket 21B and bottom bracket 22B.Like this, motor 1B can be disposed at the either direction in upper and lower both direction, has expanded the design freedom of apparatus main body.And, like this, can realize commonization of part.
And, at bracket 21B and the roughly path cylindrical portion 223B cylindraceous of bottom bracket 22B configuration of present embodiment.In the time that motor 1B is installed on to drive unit, make the outer peripheral face of path cylindrical portion 223B and the framework of drive unit chimeric.Thus, easily positioning motor 1B and drive unit.
And in the present embodiment, motor 1B has encoder., rotating part 3B also has position detecting magnet 34B and magnetic sheet 35B.And, on circuit board 27B, except Magnetic Sensor 271B, also assemble photoelectric sensor 276B.The position detecting magnet 34B magnetizing pattern that position probing is used that is magnetized.Magnetic sheet 35B is the discoideus magnet perpendicular to central axis J1, namely encoder dish.Magnetic sheet 35B is for example formed by stainless steel.On magnetic sheet 35B, edge is circumferentially formed with multiple openings, i.e. slit.In slit, expose the surface of position detecting magnet 34B.Magnetic sheet 35B is adsorbed in the upper surface of position detecting magnet 34B.Can also further use binding agent fixed magnetic plate 35B.In addition, also can use the non magnetic plectane of resin etc. to replace magnetic sheet 35B to be bonded on position detecting magnet 34B.The surface of magnetic sheet 35B is the reflecting surface with metallic luster.
Relative not reverberation is compared on the surface of position detecting magnet 34B with magnetic sheet 35B.Photoelectric sensor 276B is reflection sensor, and comprises illuminating part and light accepting part.The irradiation sending from illuminating part is in position detecting magnet 34B and magnetic sheet 35B.Rotating part 3B rotation, the light intensity receiving at light accepting part changes discontinuously, thereby generates the pulse signal that represents rotating part 3B rotation.Thus, correctly detect the rotating speed of rotating part 3B., detect the rotation of rotating part 3B by encoder.
And as other variation, the outer peripheral face of large-diameter portion 42 also can have by bracket 21 or the local region covering of bottom bracket 22.But as above-mentioned execution mode, the all-round mode of exposing from bracket 21 or bottom bracket 22 of the outer peripheral face of large-diameter portion 42, can suppress near the deviation of the magnetic characteristic outer peripheral face of large-diameter portion 42.
And the border of the outer peripheral face of the outer peripheral face of downside minor diameter part 41 and large-diameter portion 42 can, for as above stating the step surface 44 of execution mode, can be also continuous smoothly curved surface.Upside minor diameter part 43 too.
And downside minor diameter part 41 also can be fixed on across miscellaneous part the inner peripheral surface of large footpath cylindrical portion 222 indirectly.But, as above-mentioned execution mode, directly downside minor diameter part 41 is fixed on to the inner peripheral surface of large footpath cylindrical portion 222, can further improve constant intensity and the positioning precision of downside minor diameter part 41 with respect to large footpath cylindrical portion 222.
Lower insulating part 26 can be fixed on stator core 23 by coil 24, also can be pressed into the inner side of the large footpath cylindrical portion 222 of bottom bracket 22.And lower insulating part 26 can separate with the bottom 221 of bottom bracket 22 as above-mentioned execution mode, also can with the bottom of bottom bracket 22 221 butts.
The number that is arranged at the slot part of the outer peripheral face of stator core 23 can be one or two, can be also more than four.For example, also can plural slot part be set at the outer peripheral face of stator core 23.And the shape of slot part can be also shape different from the embodiment described above.And, also can replace above-mentioned slot part 51 or with the above-mentioned slot part 51 1 multiple protuberances that the outer peripheral face setting of stator core 23 extends vertically that coexist.As long as comprise at so multiple slot parts or multiple protuberance the datum level that at least one and the outer peripheral face of stator core 23 intersect and extend along the both sides of minor diameter part and large-diameter portion, just can utilize this datum level to locate multiple electromagnetic steel plates.
Although used in the present embodiment 3-phase brushless motor, be not limited to this.Also can be the brushless motor of single-phase or two-phase.And, can be also the brush motor with brush and commutator.And, also can use the motor of the other types such as stepper motor.
In the present embodiment, protuberance is ring-type, but is not limited to this.Also can be other shapes such as tabular.
And, only otherwise conflict, also can carry out appropriately combined to the each member coming across in above-mentioned execution mode or variation.

Claims (17)

1. a motor,
Described motor has:
Axle, its configuration of central axis along upper downward-extension;
Rotor magnet, it is configuration in the form of a ring centered by described central axis, and together rotates with described axle;
Armature, it covers described rotor magnet from radial outside;
Bracket, it is fixed on the axial upside of described armature, and remain on radially central authorities by described axle supporting the upper bearing (metal) for rotating; And
Bottom bracket, it is fixed on the axial downside of described armature, and remain on radially central authorities by described axle supporting the lower bearing for rotating,
Described armature has:
Iron core back, it is ring-type;
Multiple magnetic pole tooths, described multiple described magnetic pole tooths are outstanding from described iron core back to radially inner side;
Insulating part, it covers at least upper surface and the lower surface of described magnetic pole tooth; And
Coil, it forms by wire is wound in to described magnetic pole tooth across described insulating part,
It is characterized in that,
Described insulating part has the iron core back insulation division of the ring-type of extending to axial upside at the radial outside of described coil,
Described bracket contacts in the axial direction directly or indirectly with described iron core back insulation division and contact diametrically, and described bracket is fixed by multiple fixed parts,
Described fixed part is positioned at the position by radially inner side than the outer peripheral face at described iron core back.
2. motor according to claim 1,
Described bracket has cap and from described cap to side-prominent protuberance axially,
Described protuberance contacts with the outer peripheral face of described iron core back insulation division.
3. motor according to claim 2,
It is little with external diameter compared with described large-diameter portion and be positioned at than the upside minor diameter part of the position of the top side of described large-diameter portion that near the outer peripheral face upper end at described iron core back has large-diameter portion,
Described protuberance contacts with described upside minor diameter part.
4. motor according to claim 2,
Described iron core back insulation division has the protuberance outstanding to radial outside,
There is the be fixed portion fixing for described fixed part at described protuberance.
5. motor according to claim 4,
Described protuberance has from its lower end to the recess of axial upside depression,
Described protuberance is positioned at the inner side of described recess.
6. motor according to claim 4,
Described protuberance have than the lower end of described protuberance on the lower the position of side along the circumferential position of expansion.
7. according to the motor described in any one in claim 1 to 6,
Circuit board is between described bracket and described iron core back insulation division.
8. motor according to claim 7,
It is discoideus that described circuit board is in the time overlooking, and the external diameter of described circuit board is consistent or less than the external diameter of described upside minor diameter part with the external diameter of described upside minor diameter part.
9. motor according to claim 8,
Described circuit board has the location division as through hole or otch,
Described iron core back insulation division has the positioning convex portion that is contained in described location division.
10. according to the motor described in any one in claim 1 to 6,
The lower end of described fixed part is positioned at the position by axial upside than the upper end at iron core back.
11. according to the motor described in any one in claim 1 to 6,
Described upper bearing (metal) is positioned at the position by axial upside than the lower end of described fixed part.
12. according to the motor described in any one in claim 1 to 6,
Described insulating part has the upper insulating part of the upper surface that covers described magnetic pole tooth and covers the lower insulating part of the lower surface of described magnetic pole tooth,
Described upper insulating part comprises described iron core back insulation division.
13. according to the motor described in any one in claim 1 to 6,
Described upper bearing (metal) is ball bearing,
Described bracket comprises the maintaining part contacting in the axial direction with the upper surface of the outer ring of described ball bearing.
14. according to the motor described in any one in claim 1 to 6,
Described fixed part is screw.
15. according to the motor described in any one in claim 1 to 6,
Described bracket is identical with described bottom bracket shape.
16. according to the motor described in any one in claim 1 to 6,
At least either party in described bracket and described bottom bracket configures path cylindrical portion cylindraceous.
17. according to the motor described in any one in claim 1 to 6,
Described rotating part has at least one party in position detecting magnet and encoder dish,
In the time that described rotating part has described position detecting magnet, on described circuit board, assemble Magnetic Sensor,
In the time that described rotating part has described encoder dish, on described circuit board, assemble photoelectric sensor.
CN201310524673.2A 2012-11-13 2013-10-30 Motor Expired - Fee Related CN103812257B (en)

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CN203660725U (en) 2014-06-18

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