CN103810194A - Geographic coding method, position inquiring system and position inquiring method - Google Patents
Geographic coding method, position inquiring system and position inquiring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103810194A CN103810194A CN201210446695.7A CN201210446695A CN103810194A CN 103810194 A CN103810194 A CN 103810194A CN 201210446695 A CN201210446695 A CN 201210446695A CN 103810194 A CN103810194 A CN 103810194A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a geographic coding method, which comprises the steps that a, the coding precision is determined according to the preset inquiring range; b, the ith division is carried out, the earth surface is divided into a plurality of sub regions, in addition, the numbering is carried out, and each sub region is continuously subjected to number division until each divided region is relevant to the coding precision; c, the fall corresponding sub region number of the specified geographic position is obtained, in addition, whether the number falls in the boundary region of the corresponding sub region or not is judged, and through coding, the one-dimensional ith geographic code and the ith boundary identification are obtained; the steps b to c are repeated for N times so that any specified geographic position at least has the boundary identification of one center region; d, N geographic codes and boundary identifications are combined. The invention also discloses a position inquiring system and a position inquiring method adopting the geographic coding method. The position inquiring system and the position inquiring method are suitable for real-time and massive inquiry of any specified position in the preset inquiring range or the approximate inquiry of nearby positions without the inquiring range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to location-based service field, relate to especially a kind of Geocoding, position enquiring system and method.
Background technology
Location-based service (Location Based Services, LBS) refers to by mobile terminal, satellite and mobile network's cooperation, determines user's actual geographic position, thereby provides the information on services relevant to position for user.Geocoding (Geo-coding) claim again matching addresses, to be the position of identification point, line, surface and the coding that attribute arranges, it by whole entities according to the categorizing system of drafting in advance, select optimum quantization method, by the attributive character of entity and set coordinate data structure records on the storage facilities of computing machine.In location-based service, the application of geocoding is very extensive, the pattern that can be used for spatial index, can inquire about sequencing statistical, can be used as URLs, can show in map, comprises in also can identifying information.Conventional GIS software and spatial database all possesses geocoding function at present, for example, and the Geocoding of ArcGIS and the MapMarker of MapInfo etc.
Geohash is a kind of geocoding, and it is encoded into two-dimentional longitude and latitude the character string of one dimension.Its thought is for first regarding the earth as a two dimensional surface, two dimensional surface coordinate is divided into 4 lattice, be numbered in order, again each sublattice is divided in the same way afterwards, obtain another numbering, go down always according to this regular partition, final numbering is more and more, and sublattice is more and more less, until can express the needed precision of coordinate.And among dividing a section among the corresponding dimension coordinate of each numbering that obtains, these numberings finally can be encoded into a character string.For example, the coding of Shanghai Xintiandi (31.21980 121.47516) is wtw3s5rs82.Geohash has following feature: first, a string representation longitude and two coordinates of latitude for geohash, only need list application references one.Secondly, what geohash represented is not a point, but a rectangular area.The wtw3s5rs82s that for example encodes, what its represented is a rectangular area.The 3rd, the prefix of coding can represent larger region.The wtw3s5rs82 that for example encodes, its prefix wtw3s5rs8 represents to comprise coding wtw3s5rs82 interior wider.NoSQL database MongoDB utilizes geohash to carry out geographic index, and this is also one of reason of the LBS service Foursquare selection MongoDB of Global prevalence.
But, also there is some problems and restriction in geohash: in location-based service, near position enquiring often has requirement to degree of accuracy, but require not strict, for example, search near the target in 200 meters, the target actual range searching out is 150 meters or 220 meters and concerning user, does not have much differences, the many several or few several much problems that also do not have concerning user of number of targets that search out, therefore adopt approximate query mostly.Because the grid of geohash is 4 points, between dividing for each time, the length of side of sublattice is 2 times of relations, span is very large (for example, latitude is divided for 12nd ~ 16 times, the sublattice length of side is respectively 0.02197,0.01099,0.00549,0.00275,0.00137,0.00069 degree, here retain 5 decimals), can carry out near position approximate query although utilize prefix matching, but cannot (for example directly realize specified scope, in 100 meters, in 200 meters, in 800 meters, approximate ten thousand metres/degree) near position approximate query.Current solution is first to specify a degree of depth, and all sublattices that then specified scope covered are all found out, then in these sublattices, search one by one, but this has increased the complicacy of approximate query; The degree of depth is darker, inquires about more accurately, and the complicacy of inquiry is also higher.
According to geohash, the position of equator and first meridian both sides is due to from the beginning in different sublattices, even if therefore two positions are very near, coding and prefix are also completely different, and the approximate query that utilizes prefix matching to carry out near position cannot be found.Be because partition problem, in the position of net boundary both sides, even if two positions are very near, is encoded also different equally, utilize prefix matching to carry out near position approximate query and not necessarily find.Current solution is that 8 sublattices of current sublattice periphery are all calculated, but this has increased the complicacy of approximate query.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of this invention is to provide position enquiring system and the method for a kind of Geocoding and this Geocoding of employing, it is presetting in query context situation, can solve the problems referred to above of geohash, realize quickly and easily the default query context of any given position and near the position approximate query without query context, meet system performance requirement real-time, magnanimity.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of Geocoding, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
A. determine encoding precision according to predefined query context;
B. carry out i division, earth surface is divided into multiple subregions, and is numbered, every sub regions is continued to grid numbering, until the every sub regions marking off is relevant to encoding precision;
C. obtain the numbering of the respective sub-areas that specified geographic location falls into and judge whether to drop on the borderline region of respective sub-areas, coding obtains i geocoding and the i boundary marking of one dimension;
B ~ c repeats N time, makes any specified geographic location all have at least the boundary marking of a central area;
D. combine a described N geocoding and boundary marking;
Wherein, the integer that i is 1 ~ N, N is greater than zero integer.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the N kind dividing mode that described step b ~ c adopts is:
Earth surface is approximated to a two dimensional surface, carries out 9 kinds of divisions;
Every kind of division, first press by former two dimensional surface that the palace lattice length of side equals or the lattice fixed position, each palace that is approximately equal to the nine grids of 1/3 encoding precision misplaces, carrying out grid first divides again, and be numbered, afterwards the each sublattice recurrence marking off is carried out to grid division, make M that each grid length of side is its each sublattice length of side doubly, and carry out another numbering, until the each sublattice length of side marking off equals or is approximately equal to encoding precision, obtain specified geographic location and divide the numbering of the sublattice falling into for each time, institute's call number is carried out to compressed encoding, obtain the i geocoding of one dimension, and judge whether specified geographic location drops on the borderline region of minimum sublattice, obtain i boundary marking,
Or, every kind of division, first carrying out grid first divides, and be numbered, afterwards the each sublattice recurrence marking off is carried out to grid division, make M that each grid length of side is its each sublattice length of side doubly, and carry out another numbering, until the each sublattice length of side marking off equals or is approximately equal to encoding precision, the lattice fixed position, each palace specified geographic location being equaled by the palace lattice length of side at two dimensional surface or be approximately equal to the nine grids of 1/3 encoding precision misplaces, obtain the numbering of dividing the sublattice falling into for its each time, institute's call number is carried out to compressed encoding, obtain the i geocoding of one dimension, and judge whether specified geographic location drops on the borderline region of minimum sublattice, obtain i boundary marking,
Wherein, the integer that M is 2 ~ 10.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the described mode that institute's call number is carried out to compressed encoding is: grid is divided longitude first, latitude numbering is respectively converted into a character, and grid is divided longitude, latitude numbering and merged and be converted into character afterwards.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described step a further comprises step: determine regional modifying factor, adjust encoding precision according to regional modifying factor.
A kind of position enquiring system, comprising: load module, for obtaining geographic position; Output module, for providing the Query Result of specified geographic location; Its spy is being, described system further comprises:
Coding module, for adopting described Geocoding to generate geocoding and the boundary marking of specified geographic location according to the predefined query context of described system;
Data memory module, for storing geocoding, boundary marking and the relevant information in the each geographic position of described system;
Match query module, for determining the i geocoding of searching according to boundary marking, search in data memory module all other geographic position that have with the same or analogous i geocoding of i geocoding of specified geographic location;
Wherein, the integer that i is 1 ~ N, N is the number of one group of geocoding and boundary marking, for being greater than zero integer.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the predefined query context of described system is one or more, each corresponding one group of N geocoding and boundary marking.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described position enquiring system is contained in location matches system, system, Geographic Information System (GIS) or the Database Systems of location-based service is provided.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described in, search and adopt geocoding HASH, quick prefix matching.
A kind of position query method, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
A. adopt described Geocoding to generate geocoding and boundary marking the storage in each geographic position in described system according to the predefined query context of described system;
B. obtain geographic position;
C. obtain geocoding and the boundary marking in this geographic position;
D. determine the i geocoding of searching according to the boundary marking of central area;
E. search all other geographic position with the i geocoding identical with the i geocoding in this geographic position;
F. provide the Query Result of the predefined query context of described system in this geographic position;
Wherein, the integer that i is 1 ~ N, N is the number of one group of geocoding and boundary marking, for being greater than zero integer.
As a further improvement on the present invention, searching in described step e adopts geocoding HASH mated.
A kind of position query method, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
A. adopt described Geocoding to generate geocoding and boundary marking the storage in each geographic position in described system according to the predefined query context of described system;
B. obtain geographic position;
C. obtain geocoding and the boundary marking in this geographic position;
D. determine K the geocoding of searching;
E. search same or analogous all other geographic position of corresponding geocoding with this geographic position;
F. provide the Query Result in this geographic position;
Wherein, K<=N, N is the number of one group of geocoding and boundary marking, K, N are greater than zero integer.
As a further improvement on the present invention, searching in described step e adopts geocoding HASH, quick prefix matching.
Can find out from technical scheme of the present invention, in default query context situation, region is divided to encoding precision, and increase regional modifying factor and eliminate regional error, make every sub regions comprise available range information; The short geocoding of trying one's best of one group of one dimension and boundary marking due to what obtain, and optional position has the geocoding of a central area at least, when inquiry, select the geocoding of this central area, making optional position is all non-border in when inquiry, thereby has solved frontier point problem, the equator/first meridian problem of geohash.Thereby can directly utilize described geocoding to carry out the default query context of any given position and near the position approximate query without query context.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, at default query context, not high to accuracy requirement, but in the situation that real-time, data volume are had relatively high expectations, can be by the default query context of any given position with without directly approximate described geocoding character string HASH coupling, the quick prefix matching of being converted into of the distance calculating/judgement near the position enquiring of query context, change the time with tight space, thereby realize location matches approximate query real-time, magnanimity.
Another beneficial effect of the present invention is, not high to accuracy requirement in the situation that, the described geocoding of obtaining the default query context of optional position is equivalent to optional position to set the geographical fence (Geofencing) of specified scope, thereby any user in system can have Geofencing, and this Geofencing can change and dynamically change with user's position, thereby can develop simply and flexibly on this basis the multiple function relevant to position, the for example Passbook of American apple company, near the trade company's prompting function mobile client of the Square of mobile payment company of the U.S..
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet according to Geocoding of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is according to the schematic diagram of nine palace dislocation of the preferred implementation of Geocoding of the present invention;
Fig. 3 divides schematic diagram according to nine palace the 1st kind of square meshs of dislocation of the preferred implementation of Geocoding of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation according to position enquiring system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic flow sheet according to position query method of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is according to the schematic flow sheet of another location of the present invention querying method.
Embodiment
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet according to Geocoding of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, according to Geocoding of the present invention, comprise the steps:
Wherein, the integer that i is 1 ~ N, N is greater than zero integer.
In the present invention, step 11, described query context is preset by system conventionally, for example: 100 meters, 500 meters, 1000 meters, one or more, real-world situation for example, the Square of mobile payment company of the U.S., can sending out notice in 100 meters of user and trade company distances time to user, what its adopted certainly is the technology such as Geofencing.In order directly to carry out the approximate query of specified scope, need to determine corresponding encoding precision according to query context.As everyone knows, for two geographic position, in the situation that latitude is equal, longitude is every 0.00001 degree, and distance differs approximately 1 meter; Every 0.0001 degree, distance differs approximately 10 meters; Every 0.001 degree, distance differs approximately 100 meters; Every 0.01 degree, distance differs approximately 1000 meters; Every 0.1 degree, distance differs about ten thousand metres; In the situation that longitude is equal, latitude is every 0.00001 degree, and distance differs approximately 1.1 meters; Every 0.0001 degree, distance differs approximately 11 meters; Every 0.001 degree, distance differs approximately 111 meters; Every 0.01 degree, distance differs approximately 1113 meters; Every 0.1 degree, distance differs approximately 11132 meters; Each circle of longitude is roughly equal, and each latitude circle is not etc.In the situation that accuracy requirement is not high, can be similar to and think 100000* β rice/degree, wherein, β is regional modifying factor, for revising the error of different regions, can revise according to time zone, country, city etc.For example: carry out the approximate query within the scope of 100 meters; getting encoding precision is 0.002 degree; this geocoding can have the error of 200 meters of scopes left and right; its actual border circular areas that represents 200 meters of scopes left and right; any two geographic position in this region are apart from all in about 200 meters; the arbitrary geographic position in this region and the distance of this regional center all in about 100 meters, further this border circular areas can be approximately external or in connect square or regular polygon region.
In the present invention, divide and can adopt various ways described in step 12, for example, directly sphere is divided, earth surface is approximated to two dimensional surface and divides again, can adopt square, triangle, rectangle, circle, polygon, honeycomb etc.On the other hand, by every sub regions is continued to divide, make subregion between the different demarcation degree of depth become multiple/funtcional relationship, and make subregion reach fast relevant to encoding precision, thereby obtain the short geocoding of trying one's best.Described subregion is relevant to encoding precision comprises that the length of side/radius/diagonal line equals encoding precision, the length of side/radius/diagonal line is approximately equal to encoding precision, the length of side/radius/diagonal line/girth and becomes multiple relation, the length of side/radius/diagonal line/area and encoding precision to have functional relation etc. with encoding precision, thereby can direct derivation go out the approximate ultimate range information between any two positions in region.
Fig. 2 is according to the schematic diagram of nine palace dislocation of the preferred implementation of Geocoding of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, preferably, in step 12 ~ 14, adopt nine palace dislocation square mesh dividing mode:
In step 12, earth surface is approximated to a two dimensional surface (180 ~ 180 ,-90 ~ 90), carry out 9 kinds of divisions.The square nine grids that a palace lattice length of side equals or be approximately equal to 1/3 encoding precision are set.
The 1st kind of division, first two dimensional surface initial point is misplaced to the assigned address of nine grids palace lattice 1, as the lower left corner, one lateral deviation is moved the part circulation of overflowing and is moved into opposite side, longitude, latitude are first preferably respectively by (X, Y) equal portions carry out grid division, are numbered in order, and same grid adopts identical numbering, latitude to adopt different numberings to overflowing part and not overflowing part longitude; Afterwards the each sublattice recurrence marking off is carried out to grid division, make M that each grid length of side is its each sublattice length of side doubly, carry out in order another numbering at every turn, until the each sublattice length of side marking off equals or is approximately equal to encoding precision, obtain specified geographic location and divide the numbering of the sublattice falling into for each time, institute's call number is carried out to compressed encoding, obtain the 1st geocoding of one dimension, and judge whether specified geographic location drops on the borderline region of minimum sublattice, obtain the 1st boundary marking; The 2nd kind of division, first misplaces two dimensional surface initial point to the same assigned address of nine grids palace lattice 2, and as the lower left corner, subsequent step is with the 1st kind of division; Carry out in the same way 3rd ~ 9 kinds of divisions.
Or, the 1st kind of division, longitude, latitude preferably carry out grid division by (X, Y) equal portions respectively first, are numbered in order, and same grid adopts identical numbering, latitude to adopt different numberings to overflowing part and not overflowing part longitude, afterwards the each sublattice recurrence marking off is carried out to grid division, make M that each grid length of side is its each sublattice length of side doubly, carry out in order another numbering at every turn, until the each sublattice length of side marking off equals or is approximately equal to encoding precision, specified geographic location is misplaced to the assigned address of nine grids palace lattice 1 at two dimensional surface, as the lower left corner, one lateral deviation is moved the part circulation of overflowing and is moved into opposite side, obtain the numbering of dividing the sublattice falling into for its each time, institute's call number is carried out to compressed encoding, obtain the 1st geocoding of one dimension, and judge whether specified geographic location drops on the borderline region of minimum sublattice, obtain the 1st boundary marking, the 2nd kind of division, misplaces specified geographic location to the same assigned address of nine grids palace lattice 2 at two dimensional surface, and as the lower left corner, other step is with the 1st kind of division, carry out in the same way 3rd ~ 9 kinds of divisions.
Wherein, (X, Y) represent that grid is divided equal portions first, preferably, X=360/(P × Ma), Y=180/(P × Ma), and X<64, Y<64, encodes with ascii character to facilitate, facilitate M and a to round simultaneously, and in the approximate query of position, shorten geocoding near not affecting without query context; P presentation code precision; M represents the multiple relation of the grid length of side and its sublattice length of side, it is 2 ~ 10 integer, if system is mainly preset near the position approximate query of query context, thereby in order to make fast approaching encoding precision geocoding as far as possible short, M preferably 10, if system will be preset query context and near the position approximate query without query context simultaneously, for improving the validity without near the position approximate query of query context, M preferably 2; A is integer, represents not comprise the grid division degree of depth that grid is divided first.
In step 13, it is in order to obtain the short geocoding of trying one's best that the numbering of the respective sub-areas of obtaining is carried out to compressed encoding, and forming one-dimensional coding is in order to facilitate community string index community and coupling.Divide preferred implementation according to nine palace dislocation square meshs, preferably, each byte adopts ascii character 064 ~ 127(01000000 ~ 01111111) represent, because grid grid numbering is more first, longitude, latitude need respectively account for a byte, grid is divided afterwards, longitude, the merging of latitude numbering are converted into character, and preferably, byte the highest two " 01 " retains, in the time that M gets 10, Senior Three position is longitude numbering, numbers for latitude for low three, in the time that M gets 2, longitude, latitude are numbered each one, are staggered.
In step 13, judge that whether specified geographic location drops on the borderline region of minimum subregion, obtains boundary marking.Divide preferred implementations according to nine palaces dislocation square meshs, adopt with the following method: in the time that specified geographic location is positioned at 1/3 region, respective sub-areas Ge Bian center, think central area or non-borderline region, put and be designated 0; While exceeding 1/3 region, Ge Bian center, think borderline region, put and be designated 1; Center is now 1:8 with border ratio.
Fig. 3 divides schematic diagram according to nine palace the 1st kind of square meshs of dislocation of the preferred implementation of Geocoding of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, the default query context of supposing the system is 600 meters, and 0.00001 degree/rice is approximately thought in regional modifying factor β=1, encoding precision P is 1200 meters and is approximately 0.012 degree, the nine grids palace lattice length of side is 0.04 degree, and M gets 10, does not comprise that the grid division degree of depth a that grid is divided first gets 3, grid is divided equal portions (X first, Y)=(30,15), what Fig. 3 reflected is after dividing first, to proceed to the situation of dividing the degree of depth 1.According to this division, geocoding and the boundary marking of Shanghai Xintiandi (31.21980 121.47516) are as shown in table 1:
| iZIPQ,1 | iZIPY,1 | iZIPY,0 | iZIPQ,1 | iZIPY,1 | iZIPY,1 | iZIPR,1 | iZIPZ,1 | iZIPZ,1 |
Table 1
Geocoding and the boundary marking of Beihai park, Beijing (39.92351,116.38910) are as shown in table 2:
| hZpJN,1 | hZpJN,1 | hZpJN,1 | hZpJO,1 | hZpJO,1 | hZpJO,1 | hZpJO,1 | hZpJO,0 | hZpJO,1 |
Table 2
From Table 1 and Table 2, in every group of geocoding, there is area 0 centered by the boundary marking of a geocoding, in the time of near inquiry " Shanghai Xintiandi 600 meters in " with regard to the 3rd geocoding iZIPY of choice for use, when inquiry " near Beihai park, Beijing in 600 meters " with regard to the 8th geocoding hZpJO of choice for use.Mathematics can prove, adopts nine palace dislocation square meshs to divide, and 9 geocodings of optional position have and only have one to be the boundary marking of central area.
Certainly, step 12 ~ 14 can also take other dividing mode to encode, for example: honeycomb dislocation regular hexagonal cell division etc., repeat here no longer one by one.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation according to position enquiring system of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, according to position enquiring system of the present invention, preset query context, for example, 100 meters, 500 meters, 1000 meters, one or more, comprising: load module 41, be used for obtaining geographic position, can be from information or webpage separated/extracted, also can be specified by user; Output module 45, for providing the Query Result of specified geographic location; Coding module 42, for adopting described Geocoding to generate geocoding and the boundary marking of specified geographic location according to the query context of described system appointment; Data memory module 43, for storing geocoding, boundary marking and the relevant information in the each geographic position of described system, can be complete in internal memory, also can be based on interior external memory; Match query module 44, for determine the i geocoding of searching according to boundary marking, in data memory module, search all other geographic position that have with the same or analogous i geocoding of i geocoding of specified geographic location, wherein, i is the integer of 1 ~ N, N is the number of one group of geocoding and boundary marking, for being greater than zero integer.
In the present invention, match query module 44, in the time presetting near the position approximate query of query context, obtain i geocoding character string according to the boundary marking of the central area in this geographic position, can choose arbitrarily one if there is the geocoding of more than one central area, or further choose according to the position of central area, in data memory module, it is carried out to HASH with the i geocoding character string in other geographic position and mate, obtain all other geographic position that match.When carry out without query context near position approximate query time, according to practical situations, can select the geocoding character string of the central area in this geographic position to carry out HASH coupling, prefix matching inquiry fast, also can select at random a geocoding character string to carry out HASH coupling, prefix matching inquiry fast, can also choose multiple geocoding character strings and combine HASH coupling, prefix matching inquiry fast.Thereby realize location matches approximate query real-time, magnanimity.
In practice, weigh according to actual needs predefined query context, although can set multiple queries scope, to each one group of geocoding and boundary marking of producing, this is to consume more resource as cost.
According to the present invention, described position enquiring system can be contained in location matches system, for the service of the present position coupling between magnanimity multidate information is provided; Can be contained in the system that location-based service is provided, for example, be similar to the system of Apple Passbook, Square, Foursquare, Google Place; Can be contained in Geographic Information System (GIS), for example, be similar to the system of Google Map, ArcGIS, MapInfo; Also can be contained in Spatial Database Systems, relational database system, NoSQL Database Systems or distributed data base system etc.
Fig. 5 is the schematic flow sheet according to position query method of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, according to position query method of the present invention, comprise the steps:
Wherein, the integer that i is 1 ~ N, N is the number of one group of geocoding and boundary marking, for being greater than zero integer.
According to the present invention, in step 53, if geocoding and the boundary marking of the corresponding encoded precision in this geographic position generate and store, directly from memory module, read; If geocoding and the boundary marking of the corresponding encoded precision in this geographic position not yet generate, adopt described Geocoding to generate, according to actual conditions storage or do not store.Or if customizing messages is stored, just variation has occurred in this position, adopt described Geocoding to generate, also upgrade geocoding and the boundary marking of the reposition of storage customizing messages.
In the present invention, step 54,55, obtain i geocoding character string according to the boundary marking of the central area in this geographic position, can choose arbitrarily one if there is the geocoding of more than one central area, or further choose according to the position of central area, in data memory module, it is carried out to HASH with the i geocoding character string in other geographic position and mate, obtain all other geographic position that match.Thereby realize location matches approximate query real-time, magnanimity.
According to the present invention, described position query method, can be used for the present position coupling between magnanimity multidate information; Can be used for providing the system of location-based service, for example, be similar to the system of Apple Passbook, Square, Foursquare, Google Place; Can be used for Geographic Information System (GIS), for example, be similar to the system of Google Map, ArcGIS, MapInfo; Also can be used for spatial database, relational database, NoSQL database or distributed data base etc.
Fig. 6 is according to the schematic flow sheet of another location of the present invention querying method.As shown in Figure 6, according to position query method of the present invention, comprise the steps:
Wherein, K<=N, N is the number of one group of geocoding and boundary marking, K, N are greater than zero integer.
According to the present invention, in step 63, if geocoding and the boundary marking of the corresponding encoded precision in this geographic position generate and store, directly from memory module, read; If geocoding and the boundary marking of the corresponding encoded precision in this geographic position not yet generate, adopt described Geocoding to generate, according to actual conditions storage or do not store.Or if customizing messages is stored, just variation has occurred in this position, adopt described Geocoding to generate, also upgrade geocoding and the boundary marking of the reposition of storage customizing messages.
In the present invention, step 64,65, according to practical situations, can select the geocoding character string of the central area in this geographic position to carry out HASH coupling, prefix matching inquiry fast, also can select at random a geocoding character string to carry out HASH coupling, prefix matching inquiry fast, can also choose multiple geocoding character strings and combine HASH coupling, prefix matching inquiry fast.Thereby realize location matches approximate query real-time, magnanimity.
According to the present invention, described position query method, can be used for the present position coupling between magnanimity multidate information; Can be used for providing the system of location-based service, for example, be similar to the system of Apple Passbook, Square, Foursquare, Google Place; Can be used for Geographic Information System (GIS), for example, be similar to the system of Google Map, ArcGIS, MapInfo; Also can be used for spatial database, relational database, NoSQL database or distributed data base etc.
Can find out according to the present invention, adopt described Geocoding, can realize quickly and easily the default query context of any given position and near the position approximate query without query context.Certainly, what described Geocoding, position enquiring system and method realized is a kind of approximate query, as need are accurately inquired about, can be further combined with using B tree, R tree, k nearest neighbor (KNN), Voronoi figure scheduling algorithm, change precision with the time, owing to being prior art, repeat no more here.
Should be appreciated that above-mentioned is only the displaying of and principle spiritual to the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention; To those skilled in the art, can under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, be improved or be converted, and all these improvement or conversion all should be included in protection scope of the present invention within.
Claims (12)
1. a Geocoding, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
A. determine encoding precision according to predefined query context;
B. carry out i division, earth surface is divided into multiple subregions, and is numbered, every sub regions is continued to grid numbering, until the every sub regions marking off is relevant to encoding precision;
C. obtain the numbering of the respective sub-areas that specified geographic location falls into and judge whether to drop on the borderline region of respective sub-areas, coding obtains i geocoding and the i boundary marking of one dimension;
B ~ c repeats N time, makes any specified geographic location all have at least the boundary marking of a central area;
D. combine a described N geocoding and boundary marking;
Wherein, the integer that i is 1 ~ N, N is greater than zero integer.
2. Geocoding according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the N kind dividing mode that described step b ~ c adopts is:
Earth surface is approximated to a two dimensional surface, carries out 9 kinds of divisions;
Every kind of division, first press by former two dimensional surface that the palace lattice length of side equals or the lattice fixed position, each palace that is approximately equal to the nine grids of 1/3 encoding precision misplaces, carrying out grid first divides again, and be numbered, afterwards the each sublattice recurrence marking off is carried out to grid division, make M that each grid length of side is its each sublattice length of side doubly, and carry out another numbering, until the each sublattice length of side marking off equals or is approximately equal to encoding precision, obtain specified geographic location and divide the numbering of the sublattice falling into for each time, institute's call number is carried out to compressed encoding, obtain the i geocoding of one dimension, and judge whether specified geographic location drops on the borderline region of minimum sublattice, obtain i boundary marking,
Or, every kind of division, first carrying out grid first divides, and be numbered, afterwards the each sublattice recurrence marking off is carried out to grid division, make M that each grid length of side is its each sublattice length of side doubly, and carry out another numbering, until the each sublattice length of side marking off equals or is approximately equal to encoding precision, the lattice fixed position, each palace specified geographic location being equaled by the palace lattice length of side at two dimensional surface or be approximately equal to the nine grids of 1/3 encoding precision misplaces, obtain the numbering of dividing the sublattice falling into for its each time, institute's call number is carried out to compressed encoding, obtain the i geocoding of one dimension, and judge whether specified geographic location drops on the borderline region of minimum sublattice, obtain i boundary marking,
Wherein, the integer that M is 2 ~ 10.
3. Geocoding according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the described mode that institute's call number is carried out to compressed encoding is: grid is divided longitude first, latitude numbering is respectively converted into a character, and grid is divided longitude, latitude numbering and merged and be converted into character afterwards.
4. Geocoding according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step a further comprises step: determine regional modifying factor, adjust encoding precision according to regional modifying factor.
5. a position enquiring system, comprising: load module, for obtaining geographic position; Output module, for providing the Query Result of specified geographic location; Its spy is being, described system further comprises:
Coding module, for adopting described Geocoding to generate geocoding and the boundary marking of specified geographic location according to the predefined query context of described system;
Data memory module, for storing geocoding, boundary marking and the relevant information in the each geographic position of described system;
Match query module, for determining the i geocoding of searching according to boundary marking, search in data memory module all other geographic position that have with the same or analogous i geocoding of i geocoding of specified geographic location;
Wherein, the integer that i is 1 ~ N, N is the number of one group of geocoding and boundary marking, for being greater than zero integer.
6. position enquiring system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the predefined query context of described system is one or more.
7. position enquiring system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described in search and adopt geocoding HASH, quick prefix matching.
8. position enquiring system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described position enquiring system is contained in location matches system, the system of location-based service is provided, Geographic Information System (GIS) or Database Systems.
9. a position query method, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
A. adopt described Geocoding to generate geocoding and boundary marking the storage in each geographic position in described system according to the predefined query context of described system;
B. obtain geographic position;
C. obtain geocoding and the boundary marking in this geographic position;
D. determine the i geocoding of searching according to the boundary marking of central area;
E. search all other geographic position with the i geocoding identical with the i geocoding in this geographic position;
F. provide the Query Result of the predefined query context of described system in this geographic position;
Wherein, the integer that i is 1 ~ N, N is the number of one group of geocoding and boundary marking, for being greater than zero integer.
10. position query method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, searching in described step e adopts mates geocoding HASH.
11. 1 kinds of position query methods, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
A. adopt described Geocoding to generate geocoding and boundary marking the storage in each geographic position in described system according to the predefined query context of described system;
B. obtain geographic position;
C. obtain geocoding and the boundary marking in this geographic position;
D. determine K the geocoding of searching;
E. search same or analogous all other geographic position of corresponding geocoding with this geographic position;
F. provide the Query Result in this geographic position;
Wherein, K<=N, N is the number of one group of geocoding and boundary marking, K, N are greater than zero integer.
12. position query methods according to claim 11, is characterized in that, searching in described step e adopts geocoding HASH, quick prefix matching.
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Application publication date: 20140521 |