CN103809425B - The on-line calibration device of atomic frequency standard and calibration steps - Google Patents
The on-line calibration device of atomic frequency standard and calibration steps Download PDFInfo
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- CN103809425B CN103809425B CN201410040180.6A CN201410040180A CN103809425B CN 103809425 B CN103809425 B CN 103809425B CN 201410040180 A CN201410040180 A CN 201410040180A CN 103809425 B CN103809425 B CN 103809425B
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Abstract
The present invention proposes on-line calibration device and the calibration steps of a kind of atomic frequency standard, it is desirable to provide one simply, easily implement, can carry out device and the calibration steps of on-line calibration to various atomic frequency standards.The technical scheme is that: use three identical frequency differences being connected between power splitter and data acquisition and processor to double and surpass back noise Frequency Standard Comparison device with phase comparator module composition triple channel, wherein, one outfan of channel C H1 power splitter is parallel to channel C H3 frequency difference and doubles the input with phase comparator, power splitter one outfan of channel C H2 is parallel to channel C H1 frequency difference and doubles the input with phase comparator, one outfan of channel C H3 is parallel to channel C H3 frequency difference and doubles the input with phase comparator, the output of three phase comparators is input to data acquisition and procession device and carries out data process.Using the present invention can solve the most commercial atomic frequency standard calibration item incomplete, calibration is not real-time, the problem that calibration difficulty is big.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of in Aerospace Tracking & Control, the frequency accuracy of ground control station Atom frequency standard and short
The on-line calibration device of phase frequency stability and calibration steps.
Background technology
In spaceflight TT&C system, in order to spacecraft is found range accurately, angle measurement and testing the speed, in ground control station
It is substantially all with atomic frequency standard as time and frequency standard.According to the difference of Measure Precision, to use active hydrogen atom frequency
Rate standard is the high-performance atomic frequency standard of representative and the atomic frequency standard of lower-performance that rubidium atomic frequency standard is representative is
At most.In TT&C system, the most concern is frequency accuracy and the short-term frequency stability of atomic frequency standard.At present, ground
The calibration of the atomic frequency standard in the tracking telemetry and command station of face typically use move back to laboratory carry out calibrating, self calibration or satellite two-way pumping station or
GPS altogether depending on etc. method carry out.Above-mentioned prior art has the disadvantage in that one is to carry back laboratory to carry out calibration and be suitable only for little
Type, be easy to carrying, atomic frequency standard (such as rubidium atomic frequency standard) that technical specification is relatively low, be not suitable for volume big
, service condition is harsh, atomic frequency standard (such as active hydrogen atomic frequency standard) that technical specification is high.I.e. enable carrying,
Calibration difficulty is the biggest.The most time-consuming, laborious, have an effect on the stability that system is run, atomic frequency can not be reflected in time
Standard situation in running；Two is that self calibration is only applicable to self band GPS, can connect according to GPS
The atomic frequency standard that output frequency is modified by the collection of letters number automatically, the method can only be accurate to the output frequency of atomic frequency standard
Exactness is calibrated, it is impossible to calibrate its short-term frequency stability.Three is that satellite two-way pumping station or GPS regard method altogether and be suitable for
In the calibration of the frequency accuracy of the high atomic frequency standard of technical specification, the calibration of short-term frequency stability can not be realized, and
And need the somewhat expensives such as special comparison receiver, the reference laboratory of comparison, leased satellite.
Summary of the invention
The calibration item that it is an object of the invention to exist for above-mentioned prior art is not complete, and calibration is not real-time, and calibration difficulty is big
Problem, it is provided that a kind of easy to operate, implement easily, current various commercial atomic frequency standards can be carried out the school of on-line calibration
Standard apparatus and calibration steps.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be reached by following measures: a kind of atomic frequency standard frequency accuracy online
Calibrating installation, is better than 5.0 × 10 including comparison uncertainty-14(1s), sample time the Frequency Standard Comparison device from 0.1s to 100s,
It is characterized in that: Frequency Standard Comparison device is that triple channel surpasses back noise Frequency Standard Comparison device, and this frequency comparative device is by three identical, performances one
The frequency difference cause, being connected between power splitter and data acquisition and processor doubles and phase comparator module composition, wherein, channel C H1
One outfan of power splitter is parallel to channel C H3 frequency difference and doubles the input with phase comparator, and the power splitter one of channel C H2 exports
End is parallel to channel C H1 frequency difference and doubles the input with phase comparator, and an outfan of channel C H3 is parallel to channel C H3 frequency
Difference doubles the input with phase comparator, and the output of three phase comparators is input to data acquisition and procession device and carries out data process.
The present invention has the advantages that compared to prior art
Utilizing the present invention, can be selected for the reference standard that two superelevation stable crystal oscillators are measured as short-term frequency stability, this crystal shakes
The short-term frequency stability index swinging the short-term frequency stability of device the highest with the most commercial atomic frequency standard is suitable, can be in order to
By three Fa Huoliang source, source methods, the short-term frequency stability of the most commercial atomic frequency standard is calibrated.GPS is utilized to tame rubidium
Atomic frequency standard, as with reference to frequency marking, calibrates the frequency accuracy of lower-performance atomic frequency standard at the scene, calibrates high-performance
The frequency drift of atomic frequency standard.
The present invention tames rubidium atomic frequency standard as reference with GPS, and triple channel ultra-low noise Frequency Standard Comparison device is as frequency marking ratio
To device, utilize GPS to tame the per day frequency accuracy of rubidium atomic frequency standard and be better than 5.0 × 10-13, and stable feature, adopt
With two sources mutually than method, by Frequency Standard Comparison device continuous print matching measurement, it is achieved lower-performance atomic frequency standard is (as rubidium is former
Sub-frequency standard) frequency accuracy, or high-performance atomic frequency standard (such as active hydrogen atomic frequency standard) frequency accuracy
Drift relatively carries out on-line calibration, it is achieved that the real time on-line monitoring in atomic frequency standard running.
The present invention is using two superelevation stable crystal oscillators as reference, and triple channel ultra-low noise Frequency Standard Comparison device is as frequency marking ratio
To device, use two sources mutually than the short-term frequency of the method atomic frequency standard (such as rubidium atomic frequency standard) that realizes lower-performance steady
The calibration of fixed degree, use three sources mutually than method realize the short of high-performance atomic frequency standard (such as active hydrogen atomic frequency standard)
The calibration of phase frequency stability, can be calibrated in the case of atomic frequency standard normally works not affecting, it is achieved on-line calibration.
The present invention uses a triple channel ultra-low noise Frequency Standard Comparison device as Frequency Standard Comparison equipment, uses a GPS to tame
Rubidium atomic frequency standard is as reference standard, it is achieved frequency accuracy or the on-line calibration of drift relatively to atomic frequency standard；
The reference standard that the precision the crystal oscillator using two superelevation steady is measured as short-term frequency stability, utilizes triple channel super-low noise
Audio frequency mark comparative device, use three sources mutually than method to realize high-performance atomic frequency standard (such as active hydrogen atomic frequency standard) short
The calibration of phase frequency stability, use two sources mutually than method realize the atomic frequency standard of lower-performance (such as rubidium atomic frequency mark
Accurate) calibration of short-term frequency stability, it is achieved that the frequency accuracy of atomic frequency standard and the real-time of short-term frequency stability exist
Line is calibrated, and is suitable for the calibration of current all commercial atomic frequency standards, solves existing ground control station Atom frequency standard
Calibration difficulties, calibration item is not complete, calibrates the most real-time problem.
The present invention is easy to operate, implements easily, current various commercial atomic frequency standards can be carried out on-line calibration, solve
Prior art calibration item is not complete, and calibration is not real-time, the problem that calibration difficulty is big.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With embodiment, this method is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The organigram of the on-line calibration device of Fig. 1 atomic frequency standard of the present invention frequency accuracy.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 present invention embodiment schematic diagram to the on-line calibration that the frequency accuracy of atomic frequency standard is carried out.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment schematic diagram of the on-line calibration of the present invention two source method calibration atomic frequency standard short-term frequency stability.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment schematic diagram of the on-line calibration of the present invention three source method calibration atomic frequency standard short-term frequency stability.
Detailed description of the invention
Refering to Fig. 1.In the embodiment as depicted in figure 1, the on-line calibration device of atomic frequency standard frequency accuracy mainly wraps
Include comparison uncertainty and be better than 5.0 × 10-14(1s), sample time the Frequency Standard Comparison device from 0.1s to 100s, Frequency Standard Comparison device is
Triple channel surpasses back noise Frequency Standard Comparison device, be one can realize based on three sources mutually than high-performance atomic frequency standard on-line calibration,
Can realize again based on two sources mutually than lower-performance atomic frequency standard on-line calibration, three passages can be realized and carry out between two-by-two simultaneously
Mutually than, automatically carry out data and process and the comparison equipment of display in real time.This frequency comparative device can by three identical, performance consistent,
The frequency difference being connected between power splitter and data acquisition and processor doubles and phase comparator module composition, wherein, and channel C H1 merit
The outfan dividing device is parallel to channel C H3 frequency difference and doubles the input with phase comparator, power splitter one outfan of channel C H2
Being parallel to channel C H1 frequency difference and double the input with phase comparator, an outfan of channel C H3 is parallel to channel C H3 frequency difference
Doubling the input with phase comparator, the output signal of three phase comparators is input to data acquisition and procession device and carries out data process.Should
Frequency Standard Comparison device can realize channel C H1 and channel C H2, channel C H2 and channel C H3, channel C H1 and passage simultaneously
Between CH3 input signal the most mutually than, and carry out data process, display triple channel three is more accurate than source each frequency in real time
Degree and short-term frequency stability.
Refering to Fig. 2.Tame rubidium atomic frequency standard with GPS make reference calibrations atomic frequency standard frequency what Fig. 2 described
In the embodiment of accuracy, GPS tames channel C H1 of the standard frequency input Frequency Standard Comparison device of rubidium atomic frequency standard output,
It is calibrated standard frequency input Frequency Standard Comparison device channel C H3 of atomic frequency standard rate-adaptive pacemaker.During calibration, as reference
GPS tames rubidium atomic frequency standard and receives gps signal by gps antenna, after steady lock more than 12 hours, utilizes
The data acquisition and procession function of Frequency Standard Comparison device, 24 hours accumulated phase differences of continuous acquisition Frequency Standard Comparison device output, utilize
Following formula is calculated by the per day frequency accuracy of school atomic frequency standard
In formula: A-frequency accuracy,Hour accumulated phase difference, unit rad, f-tests frequency, unit Hz.
Refering to Fig. 3.Describe in figure 3 utilizes two source method on-line calibration lower-performance atomic frequency standards (such as rubidium atom frequency
Rate standard) short-term frequency stability embodiment in, with superelevation stable crystal oscillator as reference, by superelevation stable crystal oscillator
Outputting standard frequency input Frequency Standard Comparison device channel C H1, the standard frequency exported by school atomic frequency standard input Frequency Standard Comparison device
Channel C H3, during calibration, channel C H1 of the standard frequency input Frequency Standard Comparison device of superelevation stable crystal oscillator output, by school
Channel C H3 of the outputting standard frequency input Frequency Standard Comparison device of atomic frequency standard, utilizes data acquisition and the place of Frequency Standard Comparison device
Reason function, the instantaneous frequency accuracy of continuous acquisition Frequency Standard Comparison device output more than 100 groups, utilize following formula to be calculated by school former
The short-term frequency stability (Allan variance) of sub-frequency standard,
In formula: τ-sample time, unit s, m-sampling group number, xi-i & lt frequency accuracy measurement result.
Describe in the diagram utilizes three source method calibration high-performance atomic frequency standard (such as active hydrogen atomic frequency standard) short-terms
In the embodiment of frequency stability, two superelevation stable crystal oscillators, as reference, output it standard frequency and input frequency marking respectively
Channel C H1 of comparative device and CH2, inputted channel C H3 of Frequency Standard Comparison device by the outputting standard frequency of school atomic frequency standard,
During calibration, channel C H1 of the outputting standard frequency input Frequency Standard Comparison device of superelevation stable crystal oscillator 1, the steady crystal oscillation of superelevation
The outputting standard frequency of device 2 accesses channel C H2 of Frequency Standard Comparison device, is inputted frequency by the outputting standard frequency of school atomic frequency standard
Channel C H3 of mark comparative device, utilizes the data acquisition and procession function of Frequency Standard Comparison device, simultaneously continuous acquisition Frequency Standard Comparison device three
Each more than 100 groups of the instantaneous frequency accuracy of individual passage output, utilize Allan variance be calculated respectively two-by-two mutually than between Ah
Human relations variance, is designated as σ12、σ23And σ13, recycling following formula is calculated by the short-term frequency stability of school atomic frequency standard
(Allan variance)
In formula: τ-sample time, unit s, σ12-CH1 and CH2 mutually than short-term frequency stability (Allan variance), σ13-
CH1 with CH3 mutually than short-term frequency stability (Allan variance), σ23-CH2 and CH3 mutually than short-term frequency stability
(Allan variance).
In the on-line calibration method of atomic frequency standard, GPS is utilized to tame the per day frequency of rubidium atomic frequency standard accurate
Degree is better than 5.0 × 10-13, and stable feature, by frequency comparative device continuous print matching measurement.Initially with a triple channel
Between can carry out the triple channel ultra-low noise Frequency Standard Comparison device of matching measurement between any two as frequency comparative device simultaneously, use
GPS tames rubidium atomic frequency standard as reference standard, the calibration carrying out the frequency accuracy of atomic frequency standard；During calibration,
GPS tames the standard frequency of rubidium atomic frequency standard output and is input to channel C H1 of Frequency Standard Comparison device, by school atomic frequency mark
The standard frequency of quasi-output is input to channel C H3 of Frequency Standard Comparison device, by frequency comparative device Measurement channel CH1 and CH3 it
Between relative frequency difference, the frequency accuracy to the atomic frequency standard (such as rubidium atomic frequency standard) of lower-performance, or high-performance
The drift relatively of atomic frequency standard (such as active hydrogen atomic frequency standard) frequency accuracy is calibrated；Use two short-terms again
The precision the crystal oscillator conduct that superelevation that the short-term frequency stability of frequency stability and active hydrogen atomic frequency standard is suitable is steady
Reference standard, utilize two sources mutually than the method short-term frequency to the atomic frequency standard (such as rubidium atomic frequency standard) of lower-performance
Degree of stability is calibrated, utilize three sources mutually than method to high-performance atomic frequency standard (such as active hydrogen atomic frequency standard)
Short-term frequency stability is calibrated.When using two source method calibrations, the standard frequency exported by school atomic frequency standard is input to frequency
Channel C H3 of mark comparative device, the standard frequency of superelevation stable crystal oscillator 1 output is input to channel C H1 of Frequency Standard Comparison device,
More than relative frequency difference 100 value between Frequency Standard Comparison device continuous Measurement channel CH1 and CH3, use Allan variance meter
Calculate and obtain by the short-term frequency stability of school atomic frequency standard；When using three source method calibrations, exported by school atomic frequency standard
Standard frequency is input to channel C H3 of Frequency Standard Comparison device, and the standard frequency of superelevation stable crystal oscillator 1 output is input to frequency marking ratio
Channel C H1 to device, the standard frequency of superelevation stable crystal oscillator 2 output is input to channel C H2 of Frequency Standard Comparison device, logical
Cross frequency marking comparative device simultaneously continuously Measurement channel CH1 and CH2, CH2 and CH3, CH1 with CH3 between any two relative
More than frequency departure 100 value, with Allan variance be calculated two-by-two mutually than time short-term frequency stability, recycle three sources mutual
The computing formula of ratio is calculated by the short-term frequency stability of school atomic frequency standard.
Claims (6)
1. an on-line calibration device for atomic frequency standard, is better than 5.0 × 10 including comparison uncertainty-14null(1s)，Sample time the Frequency Standard Comparison device from 0.1s to 100s，It is characterized in that: Frequency Standard Comparison device is triple channel ultra-low noise Frequency Standard Comparison device，Frequency Standard Comparison device is as frequency comparative device，Identical by three、Performance is consistent、The frequency difference being connected between power splitter and data acquisition and processor doubles and phase comparator module composition，Wherein，One outfan of channel C H1 power splitter is parallel to channel C H3 frequency difference and doubles the input with phase comparator，Power splitter one outfan of channel C H2 is parallel to channel C H1 frequency difference and doubles the input with phase comparator，One outfan of channel C H3 is parallel to channel C H3 frequency difference and doubles the input with phase comparator，The output of three phase comparators is input to data acquisition and procession device and carries out data process，Frequency Standard Comparison device is simultaneously to channel C H1 and channel C H2、Channel C H2 and channel C H3、Channel C H1 and channel C H3 input standard frequency between the most mutually than，Carry out data process，Display triple channel three is mutually than source each frequency accuracy and short-term frequency stability in real time；During calibration, tame rubidium atomic frequency standard as the GPS of reference and receive gps signal by gps antenna, after steady lock more than 12 hours, GPS tames channel C H1 of the outputting standard frequency input Frequency Standard Comparison device of rubidium atomic frequency standard, channel C H3 of Frequency Standard Comparison device is inputted by the outputting standard frequency of school atomic frequency standard, utilize the data acquisition and procession function of Frequency Standard Comparison device, 24 hours accumulated phase differences of continuous acquisition Frequency Standard Comparison device output, utilize following formula to be calculated by the per day frequency accuracy of school atomic frequency standard
In formula: A is frequency accuracy,Being 24 hours accumulated phase differences, unit rad, f is test frequency, unit Hz.
2. the method for the on-line calibration atomic frequency standard of the on-line calibration device using atomic frequency standard described in claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: taming the reference frequency standard that rubidium atomic frequency standard calibrates, a triple channel ultra-low noise Frequency Standard Comparison device as atomic frequency standard frequency accuracy as Frequency Standard Comparison device with a GPS, then by Frequency Standard Comparison device continuous print, GPS is tamed rubidium atomic frequency standard and the matching measurement of tested atomic frequency standard, calibrate the frequency accuracy of atomic frequency standard or relatively drift about；Use the reference frequency standard that the crystal oscillator of two superelevation short-term frequency stabilities is calibrated as atomic frequency standard short-term frequency stability again, with a triple channel ultra-low noise Frequency Standard Comparison device as Frequency Standard Comparison device, by the three mutual ratio method in source, the short-term frequency stability of high-performance atomic frequency standard is calibrated, or by the two mutual ratio method in source, the short-term frequency stability of the atomic frequency standard of lower-performance is calibrated.
3. the method for on-line calibration atomic frequency standard as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: when using two source method calibrations, the standard frequency exported by school atomic frequency standard is input to channel C H3 of Frequency Standard Comparison device, the standard frequency of crystal oscillator 1 output is input to channel C H1 of Frequency Standard Comparison device, more than relative frequency difference 100 value between Frequency Standard Comparison device continuous Measurement channel CH1 and CH3, it is calculated by the short-term frequency stability of school atomic frequency standard by Allan variance.
4. the method for on-line calibration atomic frequency standard as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: when using three source method calibrations, the standard frequency exported by school atomic frequency standard is input to channel C H3 of Frequency Standard Comparison device, the standard frequency of crystal oscillator 1 output is input to channel C H1 of Frequency Standard Comparison device, the standard frequency of crystal oscillator 2 output is input to channel C H2 of Frequency Standard Comparison device, by Frequency Standard Comparison device Measurement channel CH1 and CH2 the most continuously, CH2 and CH3, more than CH1 and CH3 relative frequency deviation between any two 100 value, with Allan variance be calculated two-by-two mutually than time short-term frequency stability, recycle three sources mutually than computing formula be calculated by the short-term frequency stability of school atomic frequency standard.
5. the method for on-line calibration atomic frequency standard as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: during calibration, channel C H1 of the standard frequency input Frequency Standard Comparison device of crystal oscillator output, channel C H3 of Frequency Standard Comparison device is inputted by the standard frequency of the output of school atomic frequency standard, utilize the data acquisition and procession function of Frequency Standard Comparison device, the instantaneous frequency accuracy of continuous acquisition Frequency Standard Comparison device output more than 100 groups, following formula is utilized to be calculated by the short-term frequency stability of school atomic frequency standard, i.e. Allan variance
In formula: τ is sample time, unit s, m is sampling group number, xiFor i & lt frequency accuracy measurement result.
6. the method for on-line calibration atomic frequency standard as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: during calibration, channel C H1 of the standard frequency input Frequency Standard Comparison device of the output of crystal oscillator 1, the standard frequency of the output of superelevation stable crystal oscillator 2 accesses channel C H2 of Frequency Standard Comparison device, channel C H3 of Frequency Standard Comparison device is inputted by the standard frequency of the standard output of school atomic frequency standard, utilize the data acquisition and procession function of Frequency Standard Comparison device, each more than 100 groups of the instantaneous frequency accuracy of three passage outputs of continuous acquisition Frequency Standard Comparison device simultaneously, utilize Allan variance be calculated respectively two-by-two mutually than between Allan variance, it is designated as σ12、σ23And σ13, recycling following formula is calculated by the short-term frequency stability of school atomic frequency standard, i.e. Allan variance
In formula: τ is sample time, unit s, σ12For CH1 and CH2 mutually than short-term frequency stability, σ13For CH1 and CH3 mutually than short-term frequency stability, σ23For CH2 and CH3 mutually than short-term frequency stability.
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| CN114647178B (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-06-23 | 中国人民解放军93216部队 | Automatic atomic clock calibration method and system based on Beidou and ground reference transmission |
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