CN103808960A - Device and method for measuring rotating speed and direction of rotating shaft - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring rotating speed and direction of rotating shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN103808960A CN103808960A CN201410068840.1A CN201410068840A CN103808960A CN 103808960 A CN103808960 A CN 103808960A CN 201410068840 A CN201410068840 A CN 201410068840A CN 103808960 A CN103808960 A CN 103808960A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring rotating speed and direction of a rotating shaft and belongs to the fields of speed measurement of mechanical rotating shafts, speed measurement of automobiles and speed measurement lathes. The device for measuring the rotating speed and the direction of the rotating shaft comprises a speed measuring disc, the speed measuring disc is mounted on the rotating shaft to be measured and comprises a body and a strong magnetic, wherein the strong magnet is inserted in the body; the body is a circular ring composed of two semi-rings; the body and the rotating shaft to be measured are coaxial, the inner diameter of the body is matched with the outer diameter of the rotating shaft to be measured, and the body is capable of rotating along with the rotating shaft to be measured; the strong magnet is inserted in the outer circumference of the body. The device and the method for measuring the rotating speed and the direction of the rotating shaft are capable of measuring the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the low-speed rotating shaft and enable the rotating speed and rotating distance measurement precision to be improved; the device for measuring the rotating speed and the direction of the rotating shaft is simple in structure and is convenient to mount and use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to that mechanical rotating shaft tests the speed, measuring vehicle speed, lathe test the speed field, are specifically related to a kind of rotating speed of rotating shaft and device and method of direction measured, for measuring rotating shaft rotating speed and direction.
Background technology
The measurement of rotating shaft rotating speed is widely used in manufacturing industry and other mechanical fields.The method of measuring rotating shaft rotating speed has a lot, and current speed measuring device can only test the speed, and can not measure the rotating of axle, and measuring accuracy is limited, and cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the difficult problem existing in above-mentioned prior art, a kind of rotating speed of rotating shaft and device and method of direction measured is provided, can measure low-speed rotary shaft rotating speed and rotating, improve the measuring accuracy of rotating speed and rotary distance.Have simultaneously and can measure rotating and feature simple in structure, be convenient to install and use.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Measure the rotating speed of rotating shaft and a device for direction, comprise tachometer disc, described tachometer disc is arranged in rotating shaft to be measured, and wife comprises main body and is embedded in the strong magnet in main body;
Described main body is the annulus being formed altogether by two semi-rings; Described main body and rotating shaft coaxial cable to be measured, the internal diameter of main body coordinates with the external diameter of rotating shaft to be measured, can rotate with rotating shaft to be measured;
Described strong magnet is embedded on the outer marginal circumference of main body.
Described strong magnet is cylindric, if adopt other shape, can affect measurement effect; Described in each, strong magnet be arranged in parallel, and the axis of strong magnet and the axis of rotating shaft to be measured parallel, and uniform on the circumference of main body.
All strong magnets all arrange in the same way, are the N utmost point entirely at an end face of main body, and be the S utmost point entirely at another end face, or be the S utmost point entirely at an end face of main body, be the N utmost point entirely at another end face.
Described speed measuring device further comprises at least one Hall element;
Described Hall element is fixed in the frame of described tachometer disc outside, does not contact with tachometer disc.
Described speed measuring device further comprises two Hall elements, and when a Hall element is when just to the position of a strong magnet, another Hall element is the position, middle in the gap between two strong magnets just.Between two sensors, the several strong magnets of distance are less than regulation.
Distance between described Hall element and the outside surface of tachometer disc is less than 6 millimeters.
All described Hall elements adopt the Hall element of same type, all adopt NPN Hall element or all adopt PNP Hall element; If use PNP Hall element, upward, in the time that magnet approaches Hall element, sensor spreads out of high level signal to the S utmost point.Otherwise otherwise.
The diameter of described strong magnet is 6 to 7 millimeters, and the diameter of strong magnet is difficult for excessive, because the excessive or too small low and high level duration that can affect pulse signal.Magnet is excessive, and can cause rotating speed fast time, Hall element reaction is not come, and what keep is all high level, otherwise, be all low level.Distance between adjacent two strong magnets on circumference is greater than 6 millimeters.
Two semi-rings are stuck in rotating shaft to be measured, between two semi-rings, adopt bolt to be fixed connection.
Described semi-ring all adopts non-magnet_conductible material to be made, as adopted aluminum or plastics etc., but need not be with permeability magnetic materials such as iron, because permeability magnetic material can affect the judgement of Hall element.
Described method is installed speed measuring device in rotating shaft to be measured, and described speed measuring device comprises tachometer disc and two Hall elements; Described tachometer disc rotates with rotating shaft to be measured, and described Hall element is arranged on the outside of tachometer disc, does not contact with tachometer disc;
Strong magnet uniform and in the same way is set on the outer marginal circumference of described tachometer disc;
In the time of rotating shaft rotation to be measured, the umber of pulse in the unit interval recording by any one Hall element obtains the rotating speed of rotating shaft, and judges the sense of rotation of rotating shaft to be measured by the level clock signal of two Hall elements.
When described method is installed Hall element in the outside of described tachometer disc, first Hall element is arranged on to the just position to a strong magnet place, second Hall element is arranged on to the position of the middle in the gap between adjacent two strong magnets.
The rotating speed that umber of pulse in the described unit interval recording by Hall element obtains rotating shaft is achieved in that
The total quantity of the strong magnet on the umber of pulse/tachometer disc in the rotating speed=unit interval of rotating shaft.
The described level clock signal by two Hall elements judges that the sense of rotation of rotating shaft is achieved in that
If in the time that the signal of first Hall element is positioned at rising edge, the signal of second Hall element is positioned at low level, in the time that the signal of first Hall element is positioned at negative edge, the signal of second Hall element is positioned at high level, now judges that rotating shaft to be measured turns clockwise;
If in the time that the signal of first Hall element is positioned at rising edge, the signal of second Hall element is positioned at high level, in the time that the signal of first Hall element is positioned at negative edge, the signal of second Hall element is positioned at low level, now judges that rotating shaft to be measured is rotated counterclockwise.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) utilize the present invention can measure rotating speed and the sense of rotation of low-speed rotary shaft, improved rotating speed and the rotary distance measuring accuracy of (rotary distance can be less than a week, even if rotation is less than also determining rotating speed and rotating for a week);
(2) of the present invention simple in structure, and be convenient to install and use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention shaft two level sequential charts that Hall element produces while turning clockwise.
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention shaft two level sequential charts that Hall element produces while being rotated counterclockwise.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, tachometer disc of the present invention is made up of two and half ring-like aluminiums, and the outside of semi-ring is inlaid with row's strong magnet, and the diameter of strong magnet is 6 millimeter, and the diameter of magnet is difficult for excessive, and the spacing of magnet is more than 6 millimeters.Strong magnet is evenly distributed on the extension of tachometer disc, will guarantee that at the edge of semi-ring after domain assembling, the magnet void pitch at rim magnet void pitch and non-edge is suitable.(that is to say for whole tachometer disc, the distribution of magnets of extension is uniform).Rotating shaft to be measured in Fig. 1 does not draw, and just represents with word.
Inlaying of magnet must be in the same way, namely selective epitaxy be all the S utmost point outside, the N utmost point is interior.Or be all the N utmost point outside, the S utmost point is interior.Do not allow to occur that the S utmost point and the N utmost point are staggered in outer situation, otherwise the judgement of cannot testing the speed.
In the outside of tachometer disc, closely Hall element, Hall element are installed.Hall element is installed and is noted that another Hall element is just positioned at magnet interstitial site in the time that a Hall element is positioned on certain magnet, can arrange the distribution of magnet and select applicable Hall element according to this principle in actual applications.As for using NPN Hall element still to use PNP Hall element, with magnet towards relevant, suppose that we use the Hall element of PNP.Upward, in the time that magnet approaches Hall element, sensor spreads out of high level signal to the S utmost point.Otherwise otherwise.
In the time that rotating shaft is rotated, the level clock signal of Hall element is illustrated in fig. 2 shown below:
As shown in Figure 2, measure the rotating speed of tachometer disc if want, can calculate by the umber of pulse in the unit interval.Tachometer disc (40 magnet) as shown according to Fig. 1, in one minute, one has 2000 pulses, and rotating speed is 2000/40=50 rev/min.This is fairly simple, does not repeat at this.Any one sensor just can be measured rotating speed.
The present invention can also be used for measuring the rotating of rotating shaft, investigate the sequential chart shown in Fig. 2, Figure 2 shows that and turn clockwise, in the time of the first Hall element (being designated as sensors A in accompanying drawing) rising edge, the second Hall element (being designated as sensor B in accompanying drawing) is positioned at low level.In the time of Hall element A negative edge, Hall element B is positioned at high level.If tachometer disc reverse rotation (being rotated counterclockwise), clock signal is as shown in Figure 3, and in the time of Hall element A rising edge, Hall element B is positioned at high level, and when Hall element A is positioned at negative edge, Hall element B is positioned at low level.So, just can easily obtain the situation of tachometer disc rotating by routine processes.
When actual use, can the installment and debugging of tachometer disc be vital for measuring rotating shaft rotating speed and rotating.Two semi-rings are stuck in rotating shaft, and the connection between semi-ring can adopt various ways, are the most simply, in semi-ring vertical direction, mounting hole is set, and adopt bolt to be fixed.
Hall element A, the distance that approaches of Hall element B and tachometer disc should be in the working range of Hall element design (being no more than 6 millimeters), can not be apart from too far away, otherwise can exert an influence to sensor signal.
The precision that tachometer disc of the present invention is measured can be relevant with the reaction time speed of Hall element with scope, common Hall element can be measured the rotating speed of 2000 revs/min of rotating speeds, if rotating shaft velocity of rotation is too fast, common Hall element is just positioned at high level state all the time, cannot carry out again the measurement of rotating and rotating speed, should adopt in such cases more high-precision Hall element, but correspondingly cost also can increase.
Technique scheme is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, the invention discloses on the basis of application process and principle, be easy to make various types of improvement or distortion, and be not limited only to the described method of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, therefore previously described mode is just preferred, and does not have restrictive meaning.
Claims (10)
1. measure the rotating speed of rotating shaft and the device of direction for one one kinds, it is characterized in that: described speed measuring device comprises tachometer disc, described tachometer disc is arranged in rotating shaft to be measured, and it comprises main body and is embedded in the strong magnet in main body;
Described main body is the annulus being formed altogether by two semi-rings; Described main body and rotating shaft coaxial cable to be measured, the internal diameter of main body coordinates with the external diameter of rotating shaft to be measured, can rotate with rotating shaft to be measured;
Described strong magnet is embedded on the outer marginal circumference of main body.
2. the rotating speed of measurement rotating shaft according to claim 1 and the device of direction, is characterized in that: described strong magnet is cylindric; Described in each, strong magnet be arranged in parallel, and the axis of strong magnet and the axis of rotating shaft to be measured parallel, and uniform on the circumference of main body.
3. the rotating speed of measurement rotating shaft according to claim 2 and the device of direction, it is characterized in that: all strong magnets all arrange in the same way, are the N utmost point entirely at an end face of main body, are the S utmost point entirely at another end face, or an end face in main body is the S utmost point entirely, is the N utmost point entirely at another end face.
4. the rotating speed of measurement rotating shaft according to claim 3 and the device of direction, is characterized in that: described speed measuring device further comprises at least one Hall element;
Described Hall element is fixed in the frame of described tachometer disc outside, does not contact with tachometer disc.
5. the rotating speed of measurement rotating shaft according to claim 4 and the device of direction, it is characterized in that: described speed measuring device further comprises two Hall elements, when a Hall element is when just to the position of a strong magnet, another Hall element is the position, middle in the gap between two strong magnets just.
6. according to the rotating speed of measurement rotating shaft described in claim 4 or 5 and the device of direction, it is characterized in that: the distance between described Hall element and the outside surface of tachometer disc is less than 6 millimeters;
All described Hall elements adopt the Hall element of same type, all adopt NPN Hall element or all adopt PNP Hall element;
The diameter of described strong magnet is 6 to 7 millimeters; Distance between adjacent two strong magnets on circumference is greater than 6 millimeters;
Two semi-rings are stuck in rotating shaft to be measured, between two semi-rings, adopt bolt to be fixed connection;
Described semi-ring all adopts non-magnet_conductible material to be made.
7. measure the rotating speed of rotating shaft and a method for direction, it is characterized in that: described method is installed speed measuring device in rotating shaft to be measured, described speed measuring device comprises tachometer disc and two Hall elements; Described tachometer disc rotates with rotating shaft to be measured, and described Hall element is arranged on the outside of tachometer disc, does not contact with tachometer disc;
Strong magnet uniform and in the same way is set on the outer marginal circumference of described tachometer disc;
In the time of rotating shaft rotation to be measured, the umber of pulse in the unit interval recording by any one Hall element obtains the rotating speed of rotating shaft, and judges the sense of rotation of rotating shaft to be measured by the level clock signal of two Hall elements.
8. the method for stating according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: when described method is installed Hall element in the outside of described tachometer disc, first Hall element is arranged on to the just position to a strong magnet place, second Hall element is arranged on to the position of the middle in the gap between adjacent two strong magnets.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the rotating speed that the umber of pulse in the described unit interval recording by Hall element obtains rotating shaft is achieved in that
The total quantity of the strong magnet on the umber of pulse/tachometer disc in the rotating speed=unit interval of rotating shaft.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that: the described level clock signal by two Hall elements judges that the sense of rotation of rotating shaft is achieved in that
If in the time that the signal of first Hall element is positioned at rising edge, the signal of second Hall element is positioned at low level, in the time that the signal of first Hall element is positioned at negative edge, the signal of second Hall element is positioned at high level, now judges that rotating shaft to be measured turns clockwise;
If in the time that the signal of first Hall element is positioned at rising edge, the signal of second Hall element is positioned at high level, in the time that the signal of first Hall element is positioned at negative edge, the signal of second Hall element is positioned at low level, now judges that rotating shaft to be measured is rotated counterclockwise.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410068840.1A CN103808960A (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2014-02-26 | Device and method for measuring rotating speed and direction of rotating shaft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410068840.1A CN103808960A (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2014-02-26 | Device and method for measuring rotating speed and direction of rotating shaft |
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| CN103808960A true CN103808960A (en) | 2014-05-21 |
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| CN201410068840.1A Pending CN103808960A (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2014-02-26 | Device and method for measuring rotating speed and direction of rotating shaft |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104614548A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-13 | 福州阿石创光电子材料有限公司 | Detection device of rotating part |
| CN105675907A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-15 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Speed measuring device, slag conveyor structure and power plant boiler |
| CN106443048A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-22 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Device for detecting electric arc rotating speed of transverse magnetic field vacuum switch |
| CN107363885A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-21 | 浙江省金华市科迪仪器设备有限公司 | Biological tissue section machine |
| CN107966584A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-27 | 北京长城华瑞科技有限公司 | Hydraulic turbine speed measuring device |
| CN109459692A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-03-12 | 珠海隆鑫科技有限公司 | A kind of modular switch fatigue tester and test method |
| CN110285961A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-27 | 杭州智缤科技有限公司 | A kind of device of low cost detection shaft rotation |
| CN111366174A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-03 | 青岛中加特电气股份有限公司 | Magnetic induction detection device and method for detecting rotation direction |
| CN111381071A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-07 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Speed abnormity detection device and method based on Hall sensor |
| CN111856075A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-30 | 南京东屋电气有限公司 | Rotation direction judging method and device and rotation direction detecting device |
| CN112431855A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-02 | 上海第二工业大学 | Intelligent bearing |
| CN114047354A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-02-15 | 太原理工大学 | Rotating shaft state measuring device and measuring method |
| CN117073522A (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2023-11-17 | 浙江大学 | Rotation angle detection device for work machine and work machine |
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- 2014-02-26 CN CN201410068840.1A patent/CN103808960A/en active Pending
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104614548A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-13 | 福州阿石创光电子材料有限公司 | Detection device of rotating part |
| CN105675907A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-15 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Speed measuring device, slag conveyor structure and power plant boiler |
| CN106443048A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-22 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Device for detecting electric arc rotating speed of transverse magnetic field vacuum switch |
| CN107363885A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-21 | 浙江省金华市科迪仪器设备有限公司 | Biological tissue section machine |
| CN107966584A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-27 | 北京长城华瑞科技有限公司 | Hydraulic turbine speed measuring device |
| CN111381071A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-07 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Speed abnormity detection device and method based on Hall sensor |
| CN109459692A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-03-12 | 珠海隆鑫科技有限公司 | A kind of modular switch fatigue tester and test method |
| CN110285961A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-27 | 杭州智缤科技有限公司 | A kind of device of low cost detection shaft rotation |
| CN111366174A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-03 | 青岛中加特电气股份有限公司 | Magnetic induction detection device and method for detecting rotation direction |
| CN111366174B (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2022-02-18 | 青岛中加特电气股份有限公司 | Magnetic induction detection device and method for detecting rotation direction |
| CN111856075A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-30 | 南京东屋电气有限公司 | Rotation direction judging method and device and rotation direction detecting device |
| CN111856075B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-03-15 | 东屋世安物联科技(江苏)股份有限公司 | Rotation direction judging method and device and rotation direction detecting device |
| CN112431855A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-02 | 上海第二工业大学 | Intelligent bearing |
| CN114047354A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-02-15 | 太原理工大学 | Rotating shaft state measuring device and measuring method |
| CN117073522A (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2023-11-17 | 浙江大学 | Rotation angle detection device for work machine and work machine |
| CN117073522B (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2024-01-09 | 浙江大学 | Rotation angle detection device for work machine and work machine |
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Application publication date: 20140521 |