CN103808705A - Method for detecting glyphosate by quantum dots and gold nano-particles - Google Patents

Method for detecting glyphosate by quantum dots and gold nano-particles Download PDF

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CN103808705A
CN103808705A CN201410088766.XA CN201410088766A CN103808705A CN 103808705 A CN103808705 A CN 103808705A CN 201410088766 A CN201410088766 A CN 201410088766A CN 103808705 A CN103808705 A CN 103808705A
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glyphosate
quantum dot
nanometer particle
cdte
golden nanometer
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孙春燕
李莹
郭佳佳
许景月
曹先一
罗叶丽
沈斐
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for detecting glyphosate by quantum dots and gold nano-particles, which belongs to the technical field of analysis chemistry. The method is characterized by detecting the residue of glyphosate by virtue of fluorescence quenching of the gold nano-particles (CS-AuNPs) on the CdTe quantum dots (TGA-CdTe QDs). The detection method comprises the following steps: synthesizing and purifying the TGA-CdTe quantum dots; preparing the gold nano-particles (CS-AuNPs); determining the acting principle of the CdTe quantum dots and the gold nano-particles by measuring the fluorescence service life; observing the reaction of the CdTe quantum dots, the gold nano-particles and a glyphosate system by measuring a fluorescent spectrum chart; detecting the glyphosate by fluorescence quenching of the gold nano-particles on the CdTe quantum dots, and detecting a real sample. By the method, the glyphosate can be simply, rapidly and sensitively detected; moreover, the sensitivity is high, and convenience can be brought to the research, production, supervision and the like in the future.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing quantum dot and golden nanometer particle to detect glyphosate
Technical field
Utilize quantum dot and golden nanometer particle to detect a method for glyphosate, belong to technical field of analytical chemistry.
Background technology
Glyphosate is that a kind of spectrum is non-selective, natural disposition is gone out in noresidue, organophosphorus herbicide, very effective to prennical root weeds.Glyphosate mainly suppresses the enol acetonyl shikimene phosphate synthase in plant, and protein is synthetic to be interfered, and causes plant death.The structure of glyphosate is as follows:
Figure BDA0000475392870000011
Owing to having hypotoxicity and excellent herbicidal performance, glyphosate is widely used in agricultural, forestry and aquatic products.
But there is potential harmfulness in too much use glyphosate.Due to the absorption of soil, the highly dissoluble of water, can cause the residual of glyphosate in water and soil, contaminated environment; And glyphosate itself is carcinogen and incretion interferent, once contaminated water source and agricultural product flow to dining table, health that will inevitably harmful to human.Long-term a large amount of Pesticide Residues that bring that use of glyphosate but become the major hidden danger that affects human health and Environmental security.
The high polarity of glyphosate, highly-water-soluble, low volatility, the structure of these materials lacks fluorophor and chromophoric group.
At present, the detection means of glyphosate mainly comprises liquid phase chromatography (HPLC), vapor-phase chromatography (GC), Capillary Electrophoresis (CE), pulsed amperometric detecting device (PAD), the chromatography of ions (IC), euzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (ELISA) etc.Although these methods are highly sensitive, these methods need expensive equipment, and minute is longer, and cost is high, needs professional and technical personnel to operate, and is not suitable for field quick detection.Therefore need to set up a kind of quick, simple, sensitive method and detect the glyphosate in food.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method based on cadmium telluride quantum dot (TGA-CdTe QDs) and golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs) FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) detection glyphosate, with the residual quantity of glyphosate in quick, simple, sensitive detection food.
Technical matters: a kind of method based on cadmium telluride quantum dot (TGA-CdTe QDs) and golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs) FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) detection glyphosate is based on following principle:
The maximum absorption wavelength of the golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs) of cysteine modified is at 528nm, and its spectrum is wider; Under 400nm excites, the fluorescent emission wavelength of the cadmium telluride quantum dot (TGA-CdTe QDs) that mercaptoacetic acid is modified is at 532nm, and both spectrum has well overlapping.Cadmium telluride quantum dot, can be at 532nm left and right emitting fluorescence after 400nm is excited.In the system of pH=7, CS-AuNPs is because it contains – NH 2there is protonated Xing Cheng – NH 3 +and it is positively charged, TGA-CdTe QDs is because it contains that ionization Xing Cheng – COO – has occurred – COOH and electronegative, add TGA-CdTe QDs in CS-AuNPs system time, electrostatic interaction between golden nanometer particle and quantum dot furthers distance between the two, the fluorescence of cadmium telluride quantum dot transmitting is absorbed by golden nanometer particle, energy shifts from donor (TGA-CdTe QDs) to acceptor (CS-AuNPs), i.e. FRET, has realized fluorescent quenching.
When add glyphosate in system after, research finds that glyphosate does not affect the fluorescence of TGA-CdTe QDs.But, in system, contain-COOH and-PO 3h 2the glyphosate of group is electronegative due to ionization, can be emulative with positively charged and CS-AuNPs electrostatical binding, pass through electrostatic interaction, golden nanometer particle is reunited, disturb the FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) between cadmium telluride quantum dot and golden nanometer particle, thereby realized the fluorescence recovery of TGA-CdTe QDs.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
Comprise the following steps: the synthetic and purifying of TGA-CdTe quantum dot aqueous solution; The preparation of CS-AuNPs; To AuNPs, AuNPs and glyphosate system are carried out transmission electron microscope sign respectively; Determine the action principle of CdTe quantum dot and golden nanometer particle by measuring fluorescence lifetime; Observe the reaction of CdTe quantum dot, golden nanometer particle and glyphosate system by measuring fluorescence spectrum figure; Utilize TGA-CdTe quantum dot and golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs) fast detecting glyphosate based on FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) principle.
(1) TGA-CdTe quantum dot aqueous solution is synthetic
First, in a there-necked flask that condensing unit is housed, add 0.0256g tellurium powder, 0.0386g sodium borohydride, add 3~5 to drip, electromagnetic agitation, initiation reaction, after Te powder fundamental reaction is complete (solution is that redness and black powder disappear), 1mL water is all added, and 50 ℃ add thermal response 45min, make NaHTe.Be 4 × 10 by concentration -3the CdCl of mol/L 2solution 100mL mixes with 66 μ L TGA, and prepares the NaOH solution adjusting pH=11 of pH=111mol/L with high purity water, passes into wherein 20min N 2remove the O in system 2, make Te precursor; Then, Te precursor is mixed with NaHTe solution, at lower stirring at room temperature 10min.Remove N 2protection, carries out crystal growth response by the mixed solution obtaining with 50% microwave power output heating 30min; The product obtaining adds isopyknic washed with isopropyl alcohol, and the centrifugal excess precursor of removing, and finally it is dispersed in the pure water of 200mL again.
(2) preparation of golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs)
All glasswares all pass through chloroazotic acid and soak, and distilled water cleans, and dries for subsequent use; When preparation, in the there-necked flask of clean 100mL, add the gold chloride of 50mL1.4mM and the Mercaptamine of 500 μ L0.213M, under room temperature, 20min is stirred in dark place.In the situation that constantly stirring, and then add fast the sodium borohydride of the freshly prepd 10mM of 12.5 μ L, continue to stir 30min.The solution of the claret finally forming, with the micro-pore-film filtration of 0.45 μ m, is placed in 4 ℃ of preservations, and prepared gold nanometer particle grain size is 40nm.
(3) by measuring the FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) of fluorescence lifetime observation CdTe quantum dot and golden nanometer particle
Get the centrifuge tube a of two clean 2.0mL, b adds respectively 200 μ L TGA-CdTe quantum dots in two pipes, then in b pipe, adds the golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs) of 200 μ L.It in a pipe, is the TGA-CdTe quantum dot system that does not contain CS-AuNPs; TGA-CdTe quantum dot system for containing CS-AuNPs in b pipe, then, measures respectively its fluorescence lifetime.
(4) observe the reaction of CdTe quantum dot, golden nanometer particle and glyphosate system by measuring fluorescence spectrum figure
Get the centrifuge tube of four 2.0mL, be numbered a, b, c, d, add successively respectively, a manages (TGA-CdTe QDs200 μ L, 1800 μ L Wahaha Pure Waters), b manages (the golden nanometer particle 200 μ L of 40nm, TGA-CdTe QDs200 μ L, 1600 μ L Wahaha Pure Waters), c manages (the golden nanometer particle 200 μ L of 40nm, the glyphosate 200 μ L of 0.2 μ g/mL, TGA-CdTe QDs200 μ L, 1400 μ L Wahaha Pure Waters), d manages (TGA-CdTe QDs200 μ L, the glyphosate 200 μ L of 0.2 μ g/mL, 1600 μ L Wahaha Pure Waters), then potpourri is cultivated to 15min at 25 ℃, survey fluorescent absorption spectrum.
(5) set up the system that detects glyphosate:
To containing 200 μ L40nm golden nanometer particles (5 × 10 -10molL -1) and the system of 1.4mL water in, add respectively the glyphosate standard solution 200 μ L of variable concentrations, after room temperature reaction 15min, finally in system, add the CdTe quantum dot (1 × 10 of 200 μ L -5molL -1), the fluorescence intensity of CdTe quantum dot suppresses degree by the difference along with glyphosate concentration and difference; According to [(F 0-F)/F 0] with the concentration Criterion curve of glyphosate.
Glyphosate standard items concentration used is followed successively by: 0,0.02,0.1,0.2,0.4,1.0,2.0 μ g/mL.In the present invention, detecting of glyphosate is limited to 9.8ng/kg, and the range of linearity is 0.02-2.0 μ g/kg.
(6) actual sample detects: get apple and carry out actual sample detection.
Get 1g apple, it is evenly cut into size for 1cm 3afterwards, be dissolved in ultrasonic 2min in the Wahaha Pure Water of 5mL.After leaving standstill 3-5min, collect supernatant, as described in right 6, in apple sample, add the glyphosate standard items of variable concentrations to measure.
In sample mark-on recovery test, in the apple sample cutting, add the glyphosate standard items of concentration known, and carry out pre-service.Pre-treating method during its disposal route detects with actual sample is consistent.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention has prepared TGA-CdTe quantum dot and CS-AuNPs, and set up a kind of based on TGA-CdTe quantum dot and golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs) FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) can be simply, the method for glyphosate in quick, Sensitive Detection food, for supervision from now on provides convenience.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 transmission electron microscope picture: golden nanometer particle;
Fig. 2 transmission electron microscope picture: 5.0 glyphosates of μ g/mL and the mixed system of golden nanometer particle;
The fluorescence spectrum figure of the different systems of Fig. 3:
(a)TGA-CdTe?QDs,(b)CdTe-AuNPs,(c)CdTe-AuNPs-glyphosate,(d)CdTe-glyphosate.AuNPs,5×10 -10mol·L -1;CdTe?QDs,1×10 -5mol·L -1;glyphosate,0.2μg/mL.λex=400nm;
The fluorescence spectrum figure of the CdTe-AuNPs-glyphosate system of the glyphosate (0,0.02,0.1,0.2,0.4,1.0,2.0 μ g/mL) that Fig. 4 contains variable concentrations; The canonical plotting of glyphosate; Take CdTe-AuNPs-glyphosate system as reference.
Embodiment
Synthetic and the purifying of CdTe quantum dot
Material/agent: Te powder, NaBH 4purchase in traditional Chinese medicines reagent with TGA
Method: first, in a there-necked flask that condensing unit is housed, add 0.0256g tellurium powder, 0.0386g sodium borohydride, add 3~5 to drip, electromagnetic agitation, initiation reaction, after Te powder fundamental reaction is complete (solution is that redness and black powder disappear), 1mL water is all added, and 50g adds thermal response 45min, makes NaHTe.Be 4 × 10 by concentration -3the CdCl of mol/L 2solution 100mL mixes with 66 μ L TGA, and prepares the NaOH solution adjusting pH=11 of pH=111mol/L with high purity water, passes into wherein 20min N 2remove the O in system 2, make Te precursor; Then, Te precursor is mixed with NaHTe solution, at lower stirring at room temperature 10min.Remove N 2protection, carries out crystal growth response by the mixed solution obtaining with 50% microwave power output heating 30min.
Result: the fluorescence spectrum of CdTe quantum dot has maximum peak at 532nm place, this is consistent with bibliographical information.
The preparation of golden nanometer particle CS-AuNPs
Material/agent: gold chloride and trisodium citrate are purchased from Beijing Chemical Plant.
Method: all glasswares all pass through chloroazotic acid and soak, and distilled water cleans, and dries for subsequent use; When preparation, in the there-necked flask of clean 100mL, add the gold chloride of 50mL1.4mM and the Mercaptamine of 500 μ L0.213M, under room temperature, 20min is stirred in dark place.In the situation that constantly stirring, and then add fast the sodium borohydride of the freshly prepd 10mM of 12.5 μ L, continue to stir 30min.The solution of the claret finally forming, with the micro-pore-film filtration of 0.45 μ m, is placed in 4 ℃ of preservations.
Result: characterize through transmission electron microscope, prepared gold nanometer particle grain size is 40nm, and favorable dispersibility, and particle diameter is even.
Resonance energy shifts the fluorescence lifetime that can change donor TGA-CdTe quantum dot, by measuring the fluorescence lifetime of system, the action principle of observing CdTe quantum dot and golden nanometer particle.
Material/agent: CdTe quantum dot; The golden nanometer particle of 40nm
Get the centrifuge tube a of two clean 2.0mL, b adds respectively 200 μ L TGA-CdTe quantum dots in two pipes, then in b pipe, adds the golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs) of 200 μ L.It in a pipe, is the TGA-CdTe quantum dot system that does not contain CS-AuNPs; TGA-CdTe quantum dot system for containing CS-AuNPs in b pipe, then, measures respectively its fluorescence lifetime.
Result: in the time that positively charged golden nanometer particle exists, the mean fluorecence life-span of electronegative cadmium telluride quantum dot shortens to 24.8ns from 36.8ns.Illustrate thus, due to furthered both distance of the electrostatic interaction between TGA-CdTe quantum dot and golden nanometer particle, FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) has occurred.
Detect with the method glyphosate
Material/agent: CdTe quantum dot; The golden nanometer particle of 40nm; Glyphosate standard items are purchased from Sigma-Aldrich; Apple is purchased from local market.
Method:
(1) golden nanometer particle detects glyphosate to the fluorescence quenching method of CdTe quantum dot: to containing 200 μ L40nm golden nanometer particles (5 × 10 -10molL -1) and the system of 1.4mL water in, add respectively the glyphosate standard solution 200 μ L of variable concentrations, after room temperature reaction 15min, finally in system, add the CdTe quantum dot (1 × 10 of 200 μ L -5molL -1), the fluorescence intensity of CdTe quantum dot suppresses degree by the difference along with glyphosate concentration and difference.
(2) glyphosate standard items concentration used is followed successively by: 0,0.02,0.1,0.2,0.4,1.0,2.0 μ g/mL, and according to [(F 0-F)/F 0] with the concentration Criterion curve of glyphosate.
(3) actual sample detects: get apple and carry out actual sample detection.
Get 1g apple, it is evenly cut into size for 1cm 3afterwards, be dissolved in ultrasonic 2min in the Wahaha Pure Water of 5mL.After leaving standstill 3-5min, collect supernatant, as described in right 6, in apple sample, add the glyphosate standard items of variable concentrations to measure.
In sample mark-on recovery test, in the apple sample cutting, add the glyphosate standard items of concentration known, and carry out pre-service.Pre-treating method during its disposal route detects with actual sample is consistent.
Result: according to [(F 0-F)/F 0] set up working curve with the concentration of glyphosate.Detecting of glyphosate is limited to 9.8ng/kg, and the range of linearity is 0.02-2.0 μ g/kg, and mark-on recovery test the results are shown in following table.

Claims (7)

1. a method of utilizing quantum dot and golden nanometer particle to detect glyphosate, it is characterized in that utilizing golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs) the fluorescence quenching method of CdTe quantum dot (TGA-CdTe-QDs) to be detected to the residual quantity of glyphosate in food, comprise the following steps: the synthetic and purifying of TGA-CdTe quantum dot; The preparation of golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs); Determine the action principle of CdTe quantum dot and golden nanometer particle by measuring fluorescence lifetime; Observe the reaction of CdTe quantum dot, golden nanometer particle and glyphosate system by measuring fluorescence spectrum figure; Use golden nanometer particle detect glyphosate and carry out the detection of actual sample the fluorescence quenching method of CdTe quantum dot.
2. the method for claim 1, the preparation process of wherein said CdTe quantum dot is as follows:
First, in a there-necked flask that condensing unit is housed, add 0.0256g tellurium powder, 0.0386g sodium borohydride, add 3~5 to drip, electromagnetic agitation, initiation reaction, after Te powder fundamental reaction is complete (solution is that redness and black powder disappear), 1mL water is all added, and 50 ℃ add thermal response 45min, make NaHTe; Be 4 × 10 by concentration -3the CdCl of mol/L 2solution 100mL mixes with 66 μ L TGA, and prepares the NaOH solution adjusting pH=11 of pH=111mol/L with high purity water, passes into wherein 20min N 2remove the O in system 2, make Te precursor; Then, Te precursor is mixed with NaHTe solution, at lower stirring at room temperature 10min; Remove N 2protection, carries out crystal growth response by the mixed solution obtaining with 50% microwave power output heating 30min; The product obtaining adds isopyknic washed with isopropyl alcohol, and the centrifugal excess precursor of removing, and finally it is dispersed in the pure water of 200mL again.
3. the method for claim 1, it is as follows that the preparation of wherein said golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs) and transmission electron microscope characterize step:
All glasswares all pass through chloroazotic acid and soak, and distilled water cleans, and dries for subsequent use; When preparation, in the there-necked flask of clean 100mL, add the gold chloride of 50mL1.4mM and the Mercaptamine of 500 μ L0.213M, under room temperature, 20min is stirred in dark place; In the situation that constantly stirring, and then add fast the sodium borohydride of the freshly prepd 10mM of 12.5 μ L, continue to stir 30min; The solution of the claret finally forming, with the micro-pore-film filtration of 0.45 μ m, is placed in 4 ℃ of preservations, and prepared gold nanometer particle grain size is 40nm;
1. sample preparation
Draw 40nm golden nanometer particle 200 μ L, Wahaha Pure Water 1800 μ L are in 2mL centrifuge tube, in contrast; In another centrifuge tube, draw respectively 40nm golden nanometer particle 200 μ L, the glyphosate 200 μ L of Wahaha Pure Water 1600 μ L and 5.0 μ g/mL cultivate 15min at 25 ℃ simultaneously; Two kinds of samples are dripped respectively on two copper mesh, and room temperature is dried for subsequent use;
2. parameter
With TECNAI F20 transmission electron microscope scanning samples transmission electron microscope 1. under the accelerating potential of 200kV.
4. the method for claim 1, the step of the wherein said action principle of determining CdTe quantum dot and golden nanometer particle by mensuration fluorescence lifetime is as follows:
Get the centrifuge tube a of two clean 2.0mL, b adds respectively 200 μ L TGA-CdTe quantum dots in two pipes, then in b pipe, adds the golden nanometer particle (CS-AuNPs) of 200 μ L; It in a pipe, is the TGA-CdTe quantum dot system that does not contain CS-AuNPs; TGA-CdTe quantum dot system for containing CS-AuNPs in b pipe, then, measures respectively its fluorescence lifetime.
5. the method for claim 1, the step of the wherein said reaction of observing TGA-CdTe quantum dot, golden nanometer particle and glyphosate by mensuration fluorescence spectrum figure is as follows:
Get the centrifuge tube of four 2.0mL, be numbered a, b, c, d, add successively respectively, a manages (TGA-CdTe QDs200 μ L, 1800 μ L Wahaha Pure Waters), b manages (golden nanometer particle 200 μ L, TGA-CdTe QDs200 μ L, 1600 μ L Wahaha Pure Waters), c manages (the golden nanometer particle 200 μ L of 40nm, the glyphosate 200 μ L of 0.2 μ g/mL, TGA-CdTe QDs200 μ L, 1400 μ L Wahaha Pure Waters), d manages (TGA-CdTe QDs200 μ L, the glyphosate 200 μ L of 0.2 μ g/mL, 1600 μ L Wahaha Pure Waters), then potpourri is cultivated to 15min at 25 ℃, survey fluorescent absorption spectrum.
6. the method for claim 1, the step that wherein said golden nanometer particle detects glyphosate to the fluorescence quenching method of CdTe quantum dot is as follows:
To containing 200 μ L40nm golden nanometer particles (5 × 10 -10molL -1) and the system of 1.4mL water in, add respectively the glyphosate standard solution 200 μ L of variable concentrations, after room temperature reaction 15min, finally in system, add the CdTe quantum dot (1 × 10 of 200 μ L -5molL -1), CdTe quantum dot fluorescence intensity suppresses degree by the difference along with glyphosate concentration and difference; According to (F 0-F)/F 0concentration Criterion curve with glyphosate.
7. the method for claim 1, the detection of wherein said actual sample is that to get apple be that the representative of fruits and vegetables is carried out:
Get 1g apple, it is evenly cut into size for 1cm 3afterwards, be dissolved in ultrasonic 2min in the Wahaha Pure Water of 5mL; After leaving standstill 3-5min, collect supernatant, as described in right 6, in apple sample, add the glyphosate standard items of variable concentrations to measure; In sample mark-on recovery test, in the apple sample cutting, add the glyphosate standard items of concentration known, and carry out pre-service; Pre-treating method during its disposal route detects with actual sample is consistent; According to [(F 0-F)/F 0] set up working curve with the concentration of glyphosate.Detecting of glyphosate is limited to 9.8ng/kg, and the range of linearity is 0.02-2.0 μ g/kg.
CN201410088766.XA 2014-03-11 2014-03-11 Method for detecting glyphosate by quantum dots and gold nano-particles Pending CN103808705A (en)

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