CN103808160A - Material thickness characterization method based on hydraulic pressure of grate cooler - Google Patents
Material thickness characterization method based on hydraulic pressure of grate cooler Download PDFInfo
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- CN103808160A CN103808160A CN201410037194.2A CN201410037194A CN103808160A CN 103808160 A CN103808160 A CN 103808160A CN 201410037194 A CN201410037194 A CN 201410037194A CN 103808160 A CN103808160 A CN 103808160A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a material thickness characterization method based on hydraulic pressure of a grate cooler. The maximum value of a hydraulic transmission signal of the grate cooler in a period of time window is collected and used for characterizing the material thickness of the grate cooler. According to the material thickness characterization method based on the hydraulic pressure of the grate cooler, the hydraulic pressure of the grate cooler is used as a controlled variable to be combined with a control system, therefore, automatic adjustment of the grate speed of the grate cooler can be achieved, and the stability of the material thickness can be greatly improved. Furthermore, due to improvement of the stability of the material thickness, the heat recovery efficiency of the grate cooler can be stabilized and improved, and considerable economic benefits are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cement industry field, be specifically related to a kind of thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on grate-cooler hydraulic pressure.
Background technology
Cement grate cooler is one of key equipment on cement producing line, and its major function is that the high temperature chamotte after calcining in kiln is carried out to cooling, conveying; For rotary kiln and dore furnace etc. provide hot-air, be the capital equipment of cement producing line recuperation of heat simultaneously.
Grate cooler is air quenched formula cooler, and its process chart as shown in Figure 1.Hot grog unloads and falls grate from kilneye, under the grate plate of reciprocating pushes, be distributed along the full bed of grate, form certain thickness grog layer, the cooling air blasting is blown into from grate below, and diffusion is vertically passed in grog mobile in grate and makes its quenching, the abundant heat exchange of wind and grog, as shown in Figure 1.Along the grog direction of motion, by temperature difference, be divided into high-temperature region, middle warm area and low-temperature space.After the heat exchange of high-temperature region, air temperature is out the highest, is divided into Secondary Air, tertiary air, enters respectively rotary kiln and dore furnace; After middle warm area heat exchange, air temperature out takes second place, and is called waste heat recovery wind, enters the devices such as coal mill and cogeneration; After low-temperature space heat exchange, air temperature is out very low, extracts out as kiln hood waste gas.Change grog after heat after chamotte crushing crusher machine, be transported in clinker warehouse by oblique pull chain.
The heat recovery efficiency of grate-cooler is its most important technic index.On grate-cooler, the organic efficiency of heat and thickness of feed layer have relation, keep the evenly extremely important of thickness of feed layer.The bed of material is too thin, and cooling air is partially short by the time of the bed of material, and heat exchange efficiency is not high; The bed of material is too thick, can affect the gas permeability of material bed, and then occurs blowing through of local eruption shape, and the position that cold wind is all blown through from eruption is blown away, and heat exchange efficiency also can decline.Therefore, the control of grate-cooler, the most important thing is the stability of the thickness of feed layer that will improve grate-cooler, makes it thick and don't as for occurring in scope that eruption blows through in trying one's best.
Therefore, thickness of feed layer is extremely important to the optimal control of grate-cooler.The sign of thickness of feed layer is divided into direct method and the large class of indirect method two.
According to reported in literature, can use based on radar or infrared method and directly measure comb layer thickness.But these technology are still immature, practical application effect is all undesirable, does not further promote.
Therefore, in factory's practical operation, be, all take indirect method as main.Wherein the method for main flow is to measure the pressure of grate below air compartment (being called for short comb downforce).The outlet pressure of blower fan is generally all fixed, but in the time that wind passes through grate, the thickness of the grog bed of material can cause the difference of windage, and then the downforce difference that makes to comb.In grog uniform particles, under the constant condition of the blow rate required, comb downforce and thickness of feed layer are directly proportional.Therefore,, according to the variation of comb downforce, can roughly judge the variation of thickness of feed layer.
But in the time that kiln condition is undesired, grog grain graininess can change, and then affects the flowing resistance of the bed of material, the downforce that makes to comb can not accurately reflect thickness of bed layer.This is the intrinsic defect of comb downforce characterization method.In the literature, have numerous research to attempt head it off, proposition, carrys out the method for comprehensive characterization thickness of feed layer, but all rests on the experimental study stage in conjunction with a Room blower fan electric current or grate-cooler main frame electric current with comb downforce, and still difficulty is promoted.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, utilize the correlation of grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic signal and thickness of feed layer, the present invention proposes a kind of new grate-cooler thickness of feed layer characterizing method.Its concrete technical scheme is as follows: a kind of thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on grate-cooler hydraulic pressure, in collection a period of time window, the maximum of grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic signal, characterizes grate-cooler thickness of feed layer.
Further, described time window width is between 10-50 second.
Further, adopt the method for set time window to gather the maximum of grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic signal.
Further, adopt the method for moving time-window to gather the maximum of grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic signal.
Further, the mean value of collection grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic signal replaces maximum.
Further, one section of grate-cooler hydraulic pressure signal can be used as controlled variable, is applied in all kinds of control systems such as PID control, expert control system, Fuzzy control system, Model Predictive Control system.
Further, adopt grate-cooler hydraulic pressure and comb downforce comprehensive characterization thickness of feed layer.
Further, in Model Predictive Control system, using one section, two sections, three sections grate-cooler hydraulic pressure signals as controlled variable, one section, two sections, three sections grate-coolers are combed speed as manipulated variable, realize the collaborative adjusting to one section, two sections, three sections grate-coolers comb speed, improve the stability of one section, two sections, three sections grate-cooler thickness of feed layer simultaneously.
Thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on grate-cooler hydraulic pressure of the present invention is using grate-cooler hydraulic pressure as controlled variable with after control system combines, and can realize the grate-cooler automatic adjusting of speed of combing, and significantly improve the stability of thickness of feed layer.Further, the raising of thickness of feed layer stability, can stablize and improve grate-cooler heat recovery efficiency, obtains considerable economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is grate-cooler process flow diagram;
Fig. 2 is grate-cooler heat exchange schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is grate-cooler conventional hydraulic measuring-signal schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 grate-cooler driving member promotes the schematic diagram that grog advances;
Fig. 5 moving time-window schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 set time window schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Further content of the present invention is set forth below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The grog bed of material of grate-cooler is to carry out forward impelling by the reciprocating motion of grate upper driving member (as movable grate plate, cross bar etc.).Driving member is to drive by hydraulic pressure, because driving member is not parked in and moves reciprocatingly, and only 3～6s of each oscillation cycle; Accordingly, the measuring-signal of grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic is also reciprocal, and the cycle from crest to trough is identical with the oscillation cycle of driving member, as shown in Figure 3.
From operator's regular job, the past complex signal of this fast frequency has brought very large difficulty to their observation.Operator can not well determine situation of change and the trend of signal, to a certain extent, thinks that on the contrary sort signal is rambling.Therefore, this signal of grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic is not paid attention to fully.
But in fact,, grate-cooler driving member promotes the process that grog advances, and in some sense, can be understood as a kind of special weighing process.Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of this process, and driving member applies a power F to grog, and grog is moved forward apart from S.Driving member does the stroke of reciprocal operation to be determined, therefore the displacement S of grog also determines, and the coefficientoffrictionμ of grog is also determined.Therefore driving member makes the power F applying, also just and the weight W of grog be directly proportional, be shown below,
Wherein, F is driving member applied force;
μ is the coefficient of friction of the grog bed of material;
ρ is the density of grog;
S is the area of grog layer;
H is the thickness of feed layer of grog.
For grog, its coefficientoffrictionμ and density p can be similar to be thought constantly, and the size of grate-cooler is fixed, and therefore the area S of grog layer is also constant.Therefore the power F applying and the thickness of feed layer H of grog are linear.And for driving member, the size of its hydraulic cylinder is also fixed, the relation of the power F therefore applying and transmitting hydraulic P is also linear.
To sum up, the thickness of feed layer H of transmitting hydraulic P and grog is linear correlation.Therefore, adopt grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic, characterize the thickness of feed layer of grog, have theoretical foundation to support.
Because hydraulic pressure is toward complex signal, be not easy to observe, therefore, we need to extract its signal by certain mode, make it to be easy to observe.Because the maximum of hydraulic pressure signal is the most representative, can extract the maximum in a period of time, be used as the sign of the grog bed of material.This section " time " is referred to as " time window ", as shown in Figure 3.
If time window is too short, the noise of signal is very large; If time window is oversize, the representativeness deficiency of signal.Therefore, the selection of time window is very crucial.According to our experimental result, the length of time window should be between 10-50 second.
Time window can adopt moving time-window, also can adopt set time window.
Fig. 5 is moving time-window schematic diagram.For the data sequence X in time-domain
1, X
2... X
n, X
n+1, X
n+2..., suppose that time window length is n, gets X for the first time
1to X
nthe maximum of this section, gets X for the second time
2to X
n+1the maximum of this section, so analogizes.
Fig. 6 is set time window schematic diagram.For the data sequence X in time-domain
1, X
2... X
n, X
n+1, X
n+2..., suppose that time window length is n, gets X for the first time
1to X
nthe maximum of this section, gets X for the second time
nto X
n+nthe maximum of this section, so analogizes.
Adopt two kinds of methods can obtain the maximum of transmitting hydraulic signal, but the method for moving time-window is more excellent.
Selecting as another kind, also can adopt the mean value of hydraulic pressure signal in a period of time window, characterize grate-cooler thickness of feed layer, is also a kind of acceptable method.
After extracting grate-cooler hydraulic pressure signal, the most simply application is to be shown to operating personnel as a reference, but more valuable application is that itself and all kinds of control systems are combined, and sets it as controlled variable, realizes the automatic adjusting of grate-cooler comb speed.Be two case study on implementation below:
One section of grate-cooler hydraulic pressure signal is as controlled variable, and one section of grate-cooler is combed speed as manipulated variable, builds pid loop, realizes the automatic adjusting to one section of grate-cooler comb speed, thereby improves the stability of grate-cooler thickness of feed layer.
Using one section, two sections, three sections grate-cooler hydraulic pressure signals as controlled variable, one section, two sections, three sections grate-coolers are combed speed as manipulated variable, build model predictive controller, realize the collaborative adjusting to one section, two sections, three sections grate-coolers comb speed, improve the stability of one section, two sections, three sections grate-cooler thickness of feed layer simultaneously, the operating mode of whole grate-cooler is tended towards stability, and heat recovery efficiency significantly improves.
These are only part case study on implementation, also have a lot of different schemes to combine with automatic control system.
In the implementation process of automated system, further find, compare with traditional thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on comb downforce, the stability of grate-cooler hydraulic pressure is better, but the response speed of comb downforce is faster.Therefore, as a kind of selection of optimum, therefore these two kinds of methods are combined, adopt the methods such as weighting to carry out comprehensive characterization thickness of feed layer, can obtain more satisfied control effect.
Shown in the above and figure is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some modification and improvement, these also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on grate-cooler hydraulic pressure, is characterized in that: gather the maximum of grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic signal in a period of time window, characterize grate-cooler thickness of feed layer.
2. the thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on grate-cooler hydraulic pressure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described time window width is between 10-50 second.
3. the thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on grate-cooler hydraulic pressure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: adopt the method for set time window to gather the maximum of grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic signal.
4. the thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on grate-cooler hydraulic pressure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: adopt the method for moving time-window to gather the maximum of grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic signal.
5. the thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on grate-cooler hydraulic pressure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the mean value that gathers grate-cooler transmitting hydraulic signal replaces maximum.
6. the thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on grate-cooler hydraulic pressure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: one section of grate-cooler hydraulic pressure signal can be used as controlled variable, be applied in all kinds of control systems such as PID control, expert control system, Fuzzy control system, Model Predictive Control system.
7. the thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on grate-cooler hydraulic pressure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: adopt grate-cooler hydraulic pressure and comb downforce comprehensive characterization thickness of feed layer.
8. the thickness of feed layer characterizing method based on grate-cooler hydraulic pressure as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: in Model Predictive Control system, using one section, two sections, three sections grate-cooler hydraulic pressure signals as controlled variable, one section, two sections, three sections grate-coolers are combed speed as manipulated variable, realize the collaborative adjusting to one section, two sections, three sections grate-coolers comb speed, improve the stability of one section, two sections, three sections grate-cooler thickness of feed layer simultaneously.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104503242A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-08 | 浙江邦业科技有限公司 | Cement grate cooler self-adaptive model prediction controller |
| CN104896953A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-09 | 华润水泥技术研发有限公司 | Cement kiln grate cooler control method and system |
| CN108328952A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-07-27 | 高建明 | A kind of method that cement smoke gas treatment is intelligent, realizes environmental protection and energy saving extra earning |
| CN110209124A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-09-06 | 厦门能讯信息科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for optimizing the fine-grained management system and method for cement clinker production technology |
| WO2020010937A1 (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-01-16 | 南京凯盛国际工程有限公司 | Machine vision-based model predictive control algorithm for material layer thickness of grate cooler |
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| US3208741A (en) * | 1960-09-24 | 1965-09-28 | Rheinische Kalksteinwerk G M B | Method and system for the automatic controlling of grid coolers or traveling grids |
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2014
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| US3208741A (en) * | 1960-09-24 | 1965-09-28 | Rheinische Kalksteinwerk G M B | Method and system for the automatic controlling of grid coolers or traveling grids |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104503242A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-08 | 浙江邦业科技有限公司 | Cement grate cooler self-adaptive model prediction controller |
| CN104896953A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-09 | 华润水泥技术研发有限公司 | Cement kiln grate cooler control method and system |
| CN108328952A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-07-27 | 高建明 | A kind of method that cement smoke gas treatment is intelligent, realizes environmental protection and energy saving extra earning |
| WO2020010937A1 (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-01-16 | 南京凯盛国际工程有限公司 | Machine vision-based model predictive control algorithm for material layer thickness of grate cooler |
| CN110209124A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-09-06 | 厦门能讯信息科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for optimizing the fine-grained management system and method for cement clinker production technology |
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| CN103808160B (en) | 2016-02-03 |
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