CN103807844A - Method for cooling metal wall in contact with high-temperature gas - Google Patents
Method for cooling metal wall in contact with high-temperature gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN103807844A CN103807844A CN201410035246.2A CN201410035246A CN103807844A CN 103807844 A CN103807844 A CN 103807844A CN 201410035246 A CN201410035246 A CN 201410035246A CN 103807844 A CN103807844 A CN 103807844A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cooling a metal wall in contact with high-temperature gas. The method comprises the steps that a plurality of dispersing holes are formed in the metal wall, a cooling medium flows through one side of the metal wall, and a part of the cooling medium cools the metal wall through convection flowing; the other part of the cooling medium enters the high-temperature gas through the dispersing holes, and the metal wall is cooled through liquid phase evaporation and a liquid/gas film. According to the method for cooling the metal wall in contact with the high-temperature gas, the characteristics, including convection heat exchange cooling, evaporative cooling and liquid/gas film cooling, of the cooling medium are integrated, the metal wall in contact with the high-temperature gas is effectively cooled, coupling of the flowing process and the heat transfer process is achieved, the temperature gradient in metal is lowered, and the situation that due to the fact that the temperature difference between the two sides of the metal wall is too large, the thermal stress of materials is increased continuously, and the metal wall is damaged is avoided; the method for cooling the metal wall in contact with the high-temperature gas can be used for cooling the metal walls, in contact with the high-temperature gas, of a tube plate of a fire tube type waste heat boiler, the head portion of a burner and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metallic walls cooling means, be specifically related to the equipment that contacts with high-temperature gas or the effective cooling method of part of appliance.
Technical background
In chemical industry, in order to improve the efficiency of chemical plant installations, the high-order sensible heat that often reacts afterproduct by recovery carrys out byproduct steam, and the higher grade comprehensive energy efficiency of byproduct steam is higher.Take gaseous hydrocarbon (natural gas, shale gas, coal bed gas, casing-head gas, refinery gas, oven gas, pyrolysis gas etc.) and liquid hydrocarbon (pitch, residual oil, living beings wet goods) as raw material, be translated into CO and H by catalyzing part oxidation or non-catalytic partial oxidation technology
2be main synthesis gas, go out the synthesis gas temperature of reburner between 900～1400 ℃, need be by fire tube waste heat boiler by-product mesohigh steam be set.Fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet is mainly realized the distribution of high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature synthesis gas that goes out reburner is carried out to uniform distribution in many fire tubes, and high-temperature synthesis gas is walked in fire tube inside, and fire tube outside is boiler pond, by heat exchange by-product mesohigh steam.
Because applying working condition is complicated and severe, fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet exists the problems such as service life is short.Fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet directly contacts with high-temperature gas, need carry out cooling to metallic walls.The type of cooling of the cooling normal employing water forced circulation of fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet at present.For maximization device, fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet size is large (diameter can reach more than 1 meter), and cooling water is difficult to uniform distribution on tube sheet, may make tube sheet local temperature too high, even makes the local gasification of cooling water; Because tube sheet directly contacts with high-temperature gas, heat output is very large, relies on merely heat convection to be difficult to reach rapidly cooling effect.Tube sheet, due to unrealized effective cooling, is crossed conference because of the thermal stress of metallic walls and is caused tube sheet to damage, and affects the service life of tube sheet.
Fire tube waste heat boiler is one of nucleus equipment of whole conversion process, and the cooling problem of fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet had become the bottleneck that whole reforming unit is stable and long period is produced and device maximizes already.Therefore business circles expect to propose a kind of cooling means of efficient fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet, to meet industrial needs.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are open a kind of metallic walls cooling means that contact with high-temperature gas, can solve the problems referred to above by the approach of perforate in metallic walls.Concrete scheme is as follows:
The metallic walls cooling means contacting with high-temperature gas, described metallic walls is provided with high-temperature gas distributing pipe, and a side of described metallic walls is that high-temperature gas, opposite side are the cooling medium that described metallic walls is carried out to cooling protection;
Described cooling means comprises the steps:
In described metallic walls, open multiple discrete hole of passing through for described cooling medium, a part that makes described cooling medium on the low temperature wall of described metallic walls with the cooling described metallic walls of heat convection mode, another part under differential pressure action by described discrete hole; In the process of described discrete hole of flowing through, the described cooling medium heat absorption of part undergoes phase transition, the cooling and cooling described metallic walls of vapor cooling system by convection current; In the time that described cooling medium arrives the high-temperature wall surface of described metallic walls, form gas/liquid film in the exit of described discrete hole, described gas/liquid film cuts off the direct heat transfer between high-temperature gas and described high-temperature wall surface, and described metallic walls is carried out to cooling protection;
The pressure of the cooling medium of described low temperature wall one side is higher than the pressure of the high-temperature gas of described high-temperature wall surface one side;
The equivalent diameter of described discrete hole is 1～5 millimeter, is cylindrical or non-cylindrical; The area percentage that described discrete hole accounts for described metallic walls (1) is 5～50%.
The angle of the center line of described discrete hole and the axis of described metallic walls is more than or equal to 0 degree, is less than 90 degree.
The inclination angle of described discrete hole is arranged in a crossed manner, makes to go out interruption-forming gas/liquid film in discrete hole (3) more stable.
Described cooling medium is non-corrosiveness gas.
Described cooling medium is water, steam, process gas and to mix the material without harm with described high-temperature gas.
Described metallic walls is fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet or burner head.
Gentle/cooling feature of liquid film that metallic walls cooling means of the present invention combines cooling medium Convective heat tranfer cooling, evaporative cooling, the metallic walls contacting with high-temperature gas is carried out to effective cooling, realize the coupling of flowing with diabatic process, reduce the thermograde of metal inside, damaged metallic walls thereby avoided causing because metallic walls temperature difference is excessive material thermal stress to continue to increase.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the application's metallic walls cooling means top view;
Fig. 2 is the application's metallic walls cooling means side view;
Fig. 3 is not for establishing discrete hole tube sheet inside and outside wall Temperature Distribution;
Fig. 4 is for arranging discrete hole back tube sheet inside and outside wall Temperature Distribution.
Symbol description
1 metallic walls; 2 high-temperature gas distributing pipes; 3 discrete hole;
4 high-temperature gases; 5 cooling mediums; 6 low temperature walls; 7 high-temperature wall surfaces.
The specific embodiment
Be below embodiments of the invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, its object is only to understand better content of the present invention.Therefore protection scope of the present invention is not subject to the restriction of illustrated embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, metallic walls 1 is provided with high-temperature gas distributing pipe 2, and metallic walls 1 has multiple discrete hole 3 of passing through for cooling medium 5 simultaneously.
Referring to Fig. 2, a side of metallic walls 1 is high-temperature gas 4, and opposite side is the cooling medium 5 that metallic walls 1 is carried out to cooling protection.Part cooling medium 5 is with heat convection mode cool metal wall 1 on the low temperature wall 6 of metallic walls 1, and another part cooling medium 5 passes through discrete hole 3 under differential pressure action.In the process of discrete hole 3 of flowing through, 5 heat absorptions of part cooling medium undergo phase transition, the cooling and vapor cooling system cool metal wall 1 by convection current; In the time that cooling medium 5 arrives the high-temperature wall surface 7 of metallic walls 1, form gas/liquid film in discrete hole 3 exits, gas/liquid film cuts off the direct heat transfer between high-temperature gas 4 and high-temperature wall surface 7, thereby metallic walls 1 is carried out to cooling protection.
The angle of the center line of discrete hole 3 and metallic walls 1 axis is more than or equal to 0 degree, is less than 90 degree.The inclination angle of discrete hole 3 can be arranged in a crossed manner, makes to go out interruption-forming gas/liquid film in discrete hole 3 more stable.
Can adopt the mode of laser boring in metallic walls 1, to have some diameters in other discrete hole 3 of grade.
Cooling medium 5 can be the liquid mediums such as water, also the gas medium such as steam, process gas.In the time being liquid medium, cooling medium by Convective heat tranfer cooling, evaporative cooling gentle/liquid film is cooling to carry out cooling to metallic walls 1.In the time being gas cooling medium, cooling medium is by Convective heat tranfer cooling and air film is cooling carries out cooling to metallic walls 1.
The present invention can be used for the metallic walls cooling protection that fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet, burner head etc. contact with high-temperature gas.
Embodiment 1
Fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet diameter is 800mm, and tube sheet has the discrete hole that diameter is 3mm, and discrete hole area occupied is 10% of tube sheet area, and the angle of the center line of discrete hole and tube sheet axis is 0 degree.Be 1300 ℃ from the high-temperature synthesis gas temperature of reburner, pressure is 4.0MPaG.Fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet adopts 25 ℃ of water as cooling medium, and pressure is 5.0MPaG, and cooling water flow is 200～250m3/h, and wherein 10% cooling water enters in high-temperature gas by discrete hole.
Fig. 3 is not for establishing discrete hole tube sheet inside and outside wall Temperature Distribution, and Fig. 4 is for arranging discrete hole back tube sheet inside and outside wall Temperature Distribution.As can be seen from Figure, arrange after discrete hole, tube sheet high-temperature wall surface temperature has been reduced to approximately 400～500K from 700～800K, and high-temperature wall surface temperature significantly reduces.The discrete hole pair metal tube sheets contacting with high-temperature gas is set and has played good cooling effect.
Claims (6)
1. the metallic walls cooling means contacting with high-temperature gas, is characterized in that, described metallic walls is provided with high-temperature gas distributing pipe, and a side of described metallic walls is that high-temperature gas, opposite side are the cooling medium that described metallic walls is carried out to cooling protection;
Described cooling means comprises the steps:
In described metallic walls, open multiple discrete hole of passing through for described cooling medium, a part that makes described cooling medium on the low temperature wall of described metallic walls with the cooling described metallic walls of heat convection mode, another part under differential pressure action by described discrete hole; In the process of described discrete hole of flowing through, the described cooling medium heat absorption of part undergoes phase transition, the cooling and cooling described metallic walls of vapor cooling system by convection current; In the time that described cooling medium arrives the high-temperature wall surface of described metallic walls, form gas/liquid film in the exit of described discrete hole, described gas/liquid film cuts off the direct heat transfer between high-temperature gas and described high-temperature wall surface, and described metallic walls is carried out to cooling protection;
The pressure of the cooling medium of described low temperature wall one side is higher than the pressure of the high-temperature gas of described high-temperature wall surface one side;
The equivalent diameter of described discrete hole is 1～5 millimeter, is cylindrical or non-cylindrical; The area percentage that described discrete hole accounts for described metallic walls (1) is 5～50%.
2. metallic walls cooling means according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the angle of the center line of described discrete hole and the axis of described metallic walls is more than or equal to 0 degree, is less than 90 degree.
3. metallic walls cooling means according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the inclination angle of described discrete hole is arranged in a crossed manner.
4. according to claim 1. metallic walls cooling means, it is characterized in that, described cooling medium is non-corrosiveness gas.
5. according to claim 1. metallic walls cooling means, it is characterized in that, described cooling medium is water, steam, process gas and to mix the material without harm with described high-temperature gas.
6. according to claim 1. metallic walls cooling means, it is characterized in that, described metallic walls is fire tube waste heat boiler tube sheet or burner head.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410035246.2A CN103807844B (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-01-24 | A kind of metallic walls cooling means contacted with high-temperature gas |
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| CN201410035246.2A CN103807844B (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-01-24 | A kind of metallic walls cooling means contacted with high-temperature gas |
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| CN103807844B CN103807844B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104791747A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-07-22 | 华东理工大学 | High-temperature fire tube type waste heat boiler tube plate cooling room |
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| CN102878546A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2013-01-16 | 周丽琴 | Device and method for preventing coking, pollution and corrosion on pipeline wall surface of boiler heating surface |
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2014
- 2014-01-24 CN CN201410035246.2A patent/CN103807844B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1475567A1 (en) * | 2003-05-08 | 2004-11-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Layered structure and method to produce such a layered structure |
| US20060260291A1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-23 | General Electric Company | Pulse detonation assembly with cooling enhancements |
| EP1865259A2 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-12-12 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG | Gas-turbine combustion chamber wall for a lean-burning gas-turbine combustion chamber |
| CN201007476Y (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2008-01-16 | 赵晴岗 | Dual-strong breeze ignition and steady firing device |
| CN201137962Y (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2008-10-22 | 赵晴岗 | Ultramicro oil ignition device of micro firing space |
| CN101173610A (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2008-05-07 | 清华大学 | Heated wall surface cooling structure and gas turbine impeller vane with the same |
| CN201148909Y (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2008-11-12 | 徐州燃烧控制研究院有限公司 | Fire coal turbine power device |
| CN101476722A (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2009-07-08 | 程怀志 | Controllable air film double-side strong pre-heating breeze combustion device |
| CN102072488A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2011-05-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High speed burner for combustion chamber with film cooling type corrugated shell structure |
| CN102878546A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2013-01-16 | 周丽琴 | Device and method for preventing coking, pollution and corrosion on pipeline wall surface of boiler heating surface |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104791747A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-07-22 | 华东理工大学 | High-temperature fire tube type waste heat boiler tube plate cooling room |
| CN104791747B (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2017-01-11 | 华东理工大学 | High-temperature fire tube type waste heat boiler tube plate cooling room |
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| CN103807844B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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