CN103807319B - Electromagnetism unidirectional coupler - Google Patents
Electromagnetism unidirectional coupler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103807319B CN103807319B CN201310544615.6A CN201310544615A CN103807319B CN 103807319 B CN103807319 B CN 103807319B CN 201310544615 A CN201310544615 A CN 201310544615A CN 103807319 B CN103807319 B CN 103807319B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- voussoir
- cam
- coil
- disc
- notched disc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
- F16D41/12—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like
- F16D41/14—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like the effective stroke of the pawl being adjustable
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D27/00—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor
Abstract
Unidirectional coupler, including the cam disc with cam, has jagged notched disc, voussoir, each voussoir is located in one of in recess, and the electromagnet for one of voussoir to be engaged with one of cam, electromagnet include the gap between coil, core and the magnetic pole extended from coil to the voussoir, magnetic pole and notched disc, the gap between magnetic pole and notched disc exceedes the gap between magnetic pole and the voussoir.
Description
Technical field
This patent disclosure relates generally to the unidirectional coupler that surmounts of the alternative control of engagement and dissociated state, for example, brake or
Clutch.
Background technology
Automatic transmission is controlled power flow and is established operating mechanism using the clutch and brake of hydraulic-driven.Unidirectionally
Clutch in one direction bearing torque and surmount in the opposite direction.Optional one-way clutch can surpass in the two directions
More, can in the clockwise direction, counter clockwise direction or both direction pin.Electromagnetic clutch uses electromagnetism rather than hydraulic pressure, connected
Linkage or centrifugal force drive locking member or voussoir.
One-way clutch typically comprises two seat rings and locking member, sometimes referred to as voussoir (strut) or swinging block
(rocker).Locking member or voussoir are moveable components, it will transmit between wedging seat ring and in one direction moment of torsion.
When moment of torsion reverses, position that locking member locks " getting into " or the position for rotating out of locking.One seat ring (notched disc) is held
Receive locking member and can be rotation or fix.Another seat ring (cam disc), which has, to interact and passes with locking member
The feature of torque delivery.The seat ring can also be rotation or fix.
In electromagnetism one-way clutch, element is locked by using Electromagnetic Control.When electric current is applied to spiral conductor, to
Electromagnet is energized to engage or dissociate locking member.
For normal operation, the requirement of electromagnetism one-way clutch has gap necessary to produce between locking member and magnetic pole
Power drives locking member or swinging block.When coil is electrically charged, swinging block must rotate specific distance to change engagement state.The rotation
Turn the gap being closed between swinging block and coil pole.Therefore the gap between magnetic pole and swinging block is maximum before charge.In order to
Make the size minimum of coil, it is beneficial to control the gap.
Prevent magnetic leakage commonly using non-magnetic material, if excessive magnetic flux is revealed from seat ring rather than jump gaps
Swinging block is reached, the size of caused power may be not enough to move the swinging block.
Need for the coil of electromagnetic clutch to be arranged on the place close with locking member as far as possible.However, so do urgent
Coil is set to be in the region of the seat ring of the maximum power of carrying and deflection, so as to there is the risk of damage coil.But by coil
The generation of magnetic flux can be undermined by shifting to safer position.
The content of the invention
A kind of unidirectional coupler, including the cam disc with cam, have jagged notched disc, voussoir, each voussoir position
In one of recess, and the electromagnet for one of voussoir to be engaged with one of cam, it include coil,
Gap between core and the magnetic pole extended from coil to the voussoir, magnetic pole and notched disc, the gap between magnetic pole and notched disc
More than the gap between magnetic pole and the voussoir.
Because notched disc is fixed, and electromagnet is located on notched disc, directly acts on voussoir, therefore：(i) eliminate
To with the related dynamics problem of voussoir and the spring being loosely received in the recess of center line high-speed cruising so that
OWC reliabilities dramatically increase；(ii) locking member can control the position in the position of engagement or dissociation, if however, electricity
Magnet is only capable of controlling voussoir to be engaged on cam seat ring；And (iii) is not the coil with a major diameter, but
Many small coils realizations can be wound and save significantly on cost, material, weight and component feature space, and increased reliability is provided.
If using a coil and it break down, assembly will likely not work.If occurred using multiple small coils and one
Failure, result are miopragias.
From following detailed description of book, claims and accompanying drawing, the scope of application of preferred embodiment will become it is aobvious and
It is clear to.It should be appreciated that although specification and specific embodiment indicate the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is only
Illustrate.Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiment and examples are apparent for a person skilled in the art
's.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is will be readily understood with reference to description below and accompanying drawing, wherein：
Fig. 1 is selectable OWC front view, and wherein ring is axially aligned；
Fig. 2 is OWC selective in Fig. 1 side perspective；
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of OWC selective in Fig. 1 electromagnet, the second voussoir and the second notched disc；
Fig. 4 is the side view for showing the second voussoir being assemblied in the second notched disc and coil；
Fig. 5 is the side view for voussoir and its lever ratio for showing dissociation；
Fig. 6 is the perspective view for showing the magnetic pole radially inside extended from coil to the voussoir of dissociation；
Fig. 7 is that the voussoir for showing dissociation contacts the side view of its block due to spring force；And
Fig. 8 is shown by locking member perspective view of the magnetic pole to the magnetic flux path of opposing polarities therefrom.
Embodiment
The optional OWB10 of the display of Fig. 1,2 and 3 includes radially outer band, the first cam disc 12；First notched disc 14；Radially
Inner ring, the second cam disc 16；And radially inner band, the second notched disc 18.Lead frame 20 is removed to show the three of electromagnet
Individual coil 24 and three the second voussoirs 26.Disk 12,14,16 and 18 aligns with axis 22.
The radially-outer surface of first cam disc 12 is relatively-stationary by spline tooth 28 formed with spline tooth 28, cam disc 12
Transmission assembly component, preferably gearbox, fixation do not rotate.Similarly, the inner radial surface of the first notched disc 14 formed with
Spline tooth 30, notched disc 14 are fixed on the reaction force support of transmission gear group by spline tooth 30.The support is by moment of torsion
It is transferred to OWB10 so that the first notched disc 14, the rotation of the sub-unit of the second cam disc 16.
The supporting wedges 32 of first notched disc 14, each voussoir are compressed and be radially outward switched to and the by respective springs 34
One of cam 36 on one cam disc 12 engages, so as to which the first notched disc 14 and the first cam disc 12 driveably be connected
Connect, and keep cam disc 12 not rotate.Between the axial surface of notched disc 14 and the axial surface of the second cam disc 16
Retainer plate 21 prevents to produce interference with voussoir 32.
Caused centrifugal force overcomes the power of respective spring 34 on each voussoir 32, and the spring force causes voussoir towards cam
36 pivot.Under high speed, each voussoir 32 pivots away from cam 36, reduces the work period on spring.First cam disc
12 must be complete circle, because the first notched disc 14 may stop the rotation in any Angle Position.
First cam disc 12, the first notched disc 14 and voussoir 32 include the first driving and coupled, in this case, one-way brake
Device is locked or engaged (when from shown in Fig. 1) when the first notched disc is rotated clockwise relative to the first cam disc,
Surmount when the first notched disc is relative to the first cam disc counterclockwise rotates (when from shown in Fig. 1).
The inner surface of second cam disc 16 is formed with inner spline gear 38, the outer surface of the notched disc 14 of inner spline gear 38 and first
On external spline teeth 39 engage.
In the first cam disc 12, it is relatively fixed does not rotate the bolt connection of second notched disc 18.The connection of retainer plate 40 second
The opposite end of notched disc 18.Each second voussoir 26 is pivotally supported on the second notched disc 18.In each notch position
Spring 42, preferably helical spring compresses the pivot of cam 44 that respective voussoir 26 is directed radially outward away from the second cam disc 16
Turn, so as to open the drive connection between the second cam disc 16 and the second notched disc 18.
Second cam disc 16, the second notched disc 18 and voussoir 26 include the second driving and coupled, and uni-directional brake is recessed first
Mouth disk 14 is locked or engaged (when from shown in Fig. 1) relative to during the first cam disc counterclockwise rotates, recessed first
Mouth disk surmounts when being rotated clockwise relative to the first notched disc 14 (when from shown in Fig. 1).
During operating, when electric current is supplied to each coil 24 of electromagnet, the magnetic field carried by respective voussoir 26 makes
Obtain voussoir to pivot radially inwardly toward cam 44, connect so as to close the driving between the second cam disc 16 and the second notched disc 18
Connect.When at least one of which voussoir 26 engages with one of cam 44, the second cam disc passes through voussoir 26, the second notched disc
18 and first cam disc 12 be relatively fixed and do not rotate.
When the coil is de-energized, spring 42 causes the second voussoir 26 to pivot the engagement departed from cam 44, each second voussoir
Support (standoff) or block 46 of the contact on the radial surface of the second notched disc 18.Block preferably has relatively low
Magnetic conductivity plastics or other materials.
Because the coil 24 for producing electromagnet has electric current, they must be positioned at the second notched disc 18 as fixed seat ring
It is interior.Because the power of magnetic flux forces voussoir 26 to be engaged with the second notched disc 18, i.e. fixed seat ring, imbalance is not problem, and
And notched disc 18 can be the shape beyond complete circle.
Fig. 4 shows one of them second voussoir 26 being formed in the recess 50 of the second notched disc 18, due to weight
Power Fs influence caused by power and spring 42, voussoir depart from the cam 44 and contact blocks 46 of the second cam disc 16.14-16 assemblies
Voussoir 26 is also forced to dissociate in the rotation surmounted for voussoir 26 on direction.Each spring 42 is formed at the cylinder on disk 18
In connected in star 52.
For each recess 50 formed with cylindrical concave 54, the complementary convex surface of voussoir 26, which pivots, is placed in recessed cylindrical surface 54
On.Each recess 50 is also formed with guiding voussoir 26 to move and limit its cylindrical concave 56 moved radially.
When supplying 24 electric current of coil, magnetic field is produced so that its magnetic lines of flux or the line of magnetic induction are in relative magnetic pole 60,61
Between pass through, and due to the high permeability of voussoir 26, passed through along the axial width of voussoir 26.Magnetic field produces on voussoir 26
Distributed force Fm, and on voussoir magnetic induce torque, this causes voussoir to be pivoted clockwise on surface 54, and with the second cam
The cam 44 of disk 16 engages.Fig. 1 show one of voussoir 26 for being engaged with one of cam 44 and with cam 44 and
Two voussoirs that contact blocks 46 dissociate.
Surface 54 is in pivot location to the applying power Fg of voussoir 26, and surface 56 is to voussoir applying power Fp.
Gearbox controller opens and closes the connection between power supply and coil 24, because not using centrifugal force to cause wedge
Block 26 is pivoted and engaged with the second cam disc 16.
Second notched disc 18 is along less than 360.Circular arc extension.Obtained from the angle end of the notched disc of axis 22 to the second 18
RADIAL to form size be about 75.Angle.Second notched disc 18 is sufficiently large, to accommodate the voussoir 26 of necessary amount, from
And reduce the cost and weight and the space minimum for making speed changer needs of seat ring.
Fig. 4 illustrates to represent the vector for the power for being applied to one of them the second voussoir 26, and wherein Fs is the power of spring 42, Fm
It is the existing magnetic force when electromagnet is powered, Fc is applied to the power on contact surface 56, and Fg is due to that the weight of voussoir 26 produces
Gravity, ps is the power that pivot surface 54 is applied to when electromagnet powers off, and pm is to be applied to pivot when electromagnet is powered
The power on axle surface 54.
As viewed in figures 5-8, locking member or voussoir 26 are on the second fixed notched disc 18, so that electromagnet can
To act directly on locking member, rather than electromagnet is arranged on the second cam disc 16, each cam 44 is used as magnetic pole
Attract locking member 26.
In order that the end 66 of the locking member 26 engaged with cam 44 realizes necessary pivotal displacement while makes gap 70
Minimum, lever ratio is devised for locking member.If the as shown in figure 5, pivot center 62 from the surface 54 on locking member 26
Distance B to the center 64 on surface 56 is a unit, then the distance C from center 64 to end 66 is four units.The thick stick
Bar effect allows the maximum displacement of end 66 to make driving anterior diastema minimum simultaneously.
Permeability magnetic material can cause excessive magnetic leakage, and this results in afunction.Fig. 6 is shown with horseshoe-shaped shape
Magnetic pole 60,61, it has the both arms that extend from generally vertical hole radially inwardly toward respective voussoir, through coil 24 or
Wire.
As best shown in Figures 7 and 8, in order to prevent excessive magnetic from revealing, the second notched disc 18 forms the magnetic in electromagnet
Near pole 60,61, so that the air gap 68,69 between the notched disc 18 of magnetic pole 60,61 and the second is more than magnetic pole 60,61 and locking member
Gap 70 between 26.Although the leakage of some magnetic occurs, the gap 70 with locking member 26 is minimum reluctance passage.Therefore,
Enough magnetic flux leaps to the gap 70 so that locking member 26 pivots towards cam 44.When locking member 26 pivots and and cam
44 when engaging, and gap 70 reduces, and causes the size increase of the magnetic density and Magnetic guidance power on voussoir 26.
Except using lever ratio and controlling gap 68,69,70 to locking member 26, it is also necessary to by sufficient amount of magnetic flux
(in Fig. 8 represented by arrow) guiding locking member 26 causes locking member 26 towards the pivot of cam 44 to produce enough power
Turn.
Fig. 7 and 8 illustrates that the adjoining profile of respective magnetic pole 60,61 surrounds the partial contour of respective wedge surface 72 simultaneously
Extend around it.The encirclement is than the simple termination magnetic pole 60,61 in traditional electromagnet without extending along surface 72
Convey the most critical region 74 that more magnetic flux enter voussoir 26.
When locking member 26 engages cam 44 and moment of torsion transmits between the second cam disc 16 and the second notched disc 18,
Substantial amounts of deflection may occur on the disk, particularly near the cam 44 engaged by voussoir 26.Therefore by coil 24 away from most
It is critically important that the position of height deflection, which is set, and otherwise coil and its accessory are likely to be broken.However, the position with highest deflection
Put that to be produced generally for coil 24 for appropriate magnetic flux be the position needed most.In order to solve the two problems, each line
Circle 24 is on the radial outside surface 78 of the second notched disc 18.After energization, the system may accommodate cause it is unnecessary locked
Residual magnetism.A demagnetization cycle is added at regular intervals to solve this problem.
When voussoir 26 is pivoted into the position of engagement, iron or steel through magnetic field trigger the secondary voltage of coil 24.It is logical
The voltage of monitoring coil voltage peak value is crossed, observer can determine whether swinging block is engaged.Lack the voltage peak to represent not
Can engagement.
According to patent statute, preferred embodiment is had been described that.However, it is noted that except illustrating and
It can implement alternative embodiment beyond description.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of coupling device, it is characterised in that include：
Cam disc including cam；
Notched disc including recess；
Voussoir, each voussoir are located in one of in recess；
For the electromagnet for engaging one of voussoir with one of cam, it includes coil, core and from coil to described
Gap between two magnetic poles, each magnetic pole and notched disc that voussoir extends, wherein, the gap between each magnetic pole and notched disc
Exceed each magnetic pole each gap between the voussoir respectively.
2. coupling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Core extends through coil,
Magnetic pole is included from core the first and second arms that a voussoir extends thereto；And
Coil includes electric lead.
3. coupling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Core extends through coil,
Magnetic pole includes around the voussoir of part extending from core the first and second arms that a voussoir extends thereto, magnetic pole.
4. coupling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that notched disc, which is fixed, not to be rotated and around axis along small
Extend in 360 ° of circular arcs.
5. coupling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that coil is located at the radial outside of notched disc.
6. coupling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the engagement of one of cam and one of voussoir
Cause the voltage peak of coil, show to have occurred and that the engagement.
7. coupling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Each recess pivots formed with the concave surface with the first center, voussoir around the first center；
Each voussoir includes the first convex surface contact with concave surface, has the second center and the second center and the first spaced on center the
Second convex surface of one length, and engage with one of cam and grown with the surface of second the second length of spaced on center, second
Degree is more than the first length.
8. coupling device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the second length is about four times of the first length.
9. coupling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that notched disc is by the material shape with the first magnetic conductivity
Into；And
The block for further including between the voussoir and notched disc and being formed by the material with the second magnetic conductivity, second
Magnetic conductivity is less than the first magnetic conductivity.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/669,561 | 2012-11-06 | ||
| US13/669,561 US8925705B2 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2012-11-06 | Electromagnetic one-way coupling |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103807319A CN103807319A (en) | 2014-05-21 |
| CN103807319B true CN103807319B (en) | 2017-12-01 |
Family
ID=50490036
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310544615.6A Active CN103807319B (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2013-11-06 | Electromagnetism unidirectional coupler |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103807319B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102013222408B4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10197134B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2019-02-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Hybrid transmission having electro-magnetically actuated pawl clutch |
| CN107850137A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2018-03-27 | 米恩斯工业有限公司 | The joint member used in vehicle electric speed changer, controllable coupling component and the component |
| CN104747620B (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2017-08-18 | 盖茨胜地汽车水泵产品(烟台)有限责任公司 | Electromagnetic clutch |
| US10495159B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2019-12-03 | Magna Powertrain Inc. | Electronically-controlled selectable clutch assembly with clutch module having integrated safety switch |
| US10562387B2 (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2020-02-18 | Magna Powertrain Inc. | Coil module assembly with thermally decoupled solenoid and circuit |
| US10544842B2 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2020-01-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | One-way clutch for a vehicle |
| JP6933099B2 (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2021-09-08 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Intermittent device |
| JP2019120323A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-07-22 | Ntn株式会社 | Rotation transmission device |
| DE102019200684A1 (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-07-25 | Magna Powertrain Inc. | SWITCHABLE RELEASE COUPLING WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR AND DIRECTLY ACTUATING RASTFINGER ARRANGEMENT THAT HAS AN ACTIVE RASTFINGER SPANNER ASSEMBLY |
| US10995803B2 (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2021-05-04 | Means Industries, Inc. | Electromagnetic system for controlling the operating mode of a non friction coupling assembly and coupling and magnetic control assembly having same |
| CN114670999B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-03-21 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Water-air dual-purpose propeller adopting double motors |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1797972A (en) * | 1928-05-03 | 1931-03-24 | Crouse Hinds Co | Magnetic clutch |
| US5072817A (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1991-12-17 | Sanden Corporation | Electromagnetic clutch |
| US6814201B2 (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-11-09 | Borgwarner, Inc. | Bi-directional axially applied pawl clutch assembly |
| CN101208534A (en) * | 2005-07-05 | 2008-06-25 | 利滕斯汽车合伙公司 | Overrunning decoupler with locking mechanism |
| CN101265953A (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-17 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Selectable one-way clutch |
| CN102678781A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-19 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Electromagnetically controlled clutch assembly and control method for the same |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006024276A1 (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2007-11-29 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Electromagnetically operatable unit e.g. clutch, for manufacturing adjustable radial connection of driven part and fixed part, has device part with switching unit, which is supported in circumferential direction in device part |
| US8403123B2 (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2013-03-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Magnetically actuated one-way clutch |
-
2013
- 2013-11-05 DE DE102013222408.7A patent/DE102013222408B4/en active Active
- 2013-11-06 CN CN201310544615.6A patent/CN103807319B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1797972A (en) * | 1928-05-03 | 1931-03-24 | Crouse Hinds Co | Magnetic clutch |
| US5072817A (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1991-12-17 | Sanden Corporation | Electromagnetic clutch |
| US6814201B2 (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-11-09 | Borgwarner, Inc. | Bi-directional axially applied pawl clutch assembly |
| CN101208534A (en) * | 2005-07-05 | 2008-06-25 | 利滕斯汽车合伙公司 | Overrunning decoupler with locking mechanism |
| CN101265953A (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-17 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Selectable one-way clutch |
| CN102678781A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-19 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Electromagnetically controlled clutch assembly and control method for the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102013222408B4 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
| DE102013222408A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
| CN103807319A (en) | 2014-05-21 |
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