CN103801262A - Method for removing lead in polluted water by using aquatic plant biochar - Google Patents
Method for removing lead in polluted water by using aquatic plant biochar Download PDFInfo
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- CN103801262A CN103801262A CN201410091590.3A CN201410091590A CN103801262A CN 103801262 A CN103801262 A CN 103801262A CN 201410091590 A CN201410091590 A CN 201410091590A CN 103801262 A CN103801262 A CN 103801262A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 244000026873 Alternanthera philoxeroides Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000270728 Alligator Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000428811 Alternanthera Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005899 aromatization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000285940 beete Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003738 black carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011222 chang cao shi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2] RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 method is simple Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing lead in polluted water by using aquatic plant biochar. According to the method, the biochar is prepared by using aquatic plant, namely herb of alligator alternanthera or water hyacinth as raw material, and then 1-20g/L of the biochar is fed into lead polluted water, thus adsorbing and removing lead. The biochar prepared by the method has rich resource, the preparation method is simple and convenient, the lead in the water can be removed efficiently, and therefore the method has high economic, social and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
Field of environment engineering technology of the present invention, is specifically related to utilize water plant charcoal to remove method plumbous in polluted-water.
Background technology
Metal ion in waste water is if lead, zinc, nickel plasma etc. are to the toxic effect of health.Many factories of China all discharge a large amount of low concentration lead pollutant effluents every year, have manyly to leak into rivers without dealing carefully with, and bring great harm to environment, and this has caused people's great attention.Removal method to lead ion is a lot, as the precipitation method, ion-exchange, membrane separating method, absorption method etc.Absorption method, due to advantages such as floor space is little, simple to operate, non-secondary pollutions, is specially adapted to process low polluted heavy metals waste water.At present, the most frequently used material of making adsorbent is active carbon and biological adsorption agent.But active carbon is expensive, be unsuitable for processing large-scale lead contamination water body.And although biological adsorption agent cost is lower, poor to the regulation effect of heavy metal wastewater thereby, therefore, seek adsorbent with low cost, advantages of good adsorption effect just very crucial.
Charcoal (biochar) is that the living beings that are rich in carbon are prepared under the condition of anoxic or few oxygen by the method for thermal cracking is a kind ofly rich in pore structure, carbonization material that phosphorus content is high.Charcoal belongs to a type of black wood charcoal on generalized concept (black carbon).Its raw materials wide material sources, agriculture and forestry discarded object can be served as raw material as rubbish, mud as the organic waste producing in timber, stalk, shell and industry and urban life.Charcoal has loose porous structure, and specific area is huge, and charcoal surface, with a large amount of negative electrical charges and higher charge density, is conducive to organic pollution and heavy metal in adsorbed water body and soil.The height aromatization structure that charcoal has, makes to have higher biochemistry and heat endurance compared with any type of organic carbon of itself and other, is difficult for by mineralising, can be stored in for a long time in environment and ancient deposit, is considered to stable CO
2bank.Therefore,, between charcoal raw material sources are abundant extensively, preparation method is simple, with low cost, to organic pollution and the advantage such as heavy metal adsorption is strong, charcoal received increasing concern and research in recent years.
Water plant is as alternanthera philoxeroides, water peanut etc., and vitality is strong, wide adaptability, and growth and breeding is rapid, becomes the malignant aquatic weed that stops up canal port, occupies arable land and the water surface.The stem section of water plant alternanthera philoxeroides is tanned by the sun and still can be survived for 1～2 day; After entering farmland without the stem section of becoming thoroughly decomposed or do not digested by domestic animal, can cause harm again.And the method for manually preventing and kill off not only can not be prevented and kill off alternanthera philoxeroides, can increase the weight of on the contrary spreading and spreading of alternanthera philoxeroides.Compared with traditional water plant processing method (on-the-spot burn or pesticides removal etc.), water plant is prepared into charcoal, method is simple, and raw material output is huge.Charcoal not only can be used for adsorbed water body and pollutant in soil matter, can also be used to improve soil, alleviates greenhouse effects, has realized the recycling of water plant, has larger economy, society and ecological benefits.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention, is Resources of Aquatic Plants utilization, is prepared into the efficient lead of processing in waste water after charcoal.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Utilize water plant charcoal to remove method plumbous in polluted-water, be prepared into charcoal take water plant alternanthera philoxeroides or water hyacinth as raw material, then join in lead contamination water body Adsorption lead with the dosage of 1～20g/L.
Wherein, described charcoal prepares as follows:
(1) raw-material preparation: gather water plant alternanthera philoxeroides or water hyacinth, clean, air-dry, shred;
(2) preparation of charcoal: by 300～700 ℃ of limit oxygen of the water plant shredding pyrolysis 1～4 hour, sieve subsequently, clean, dry, preserve, make water plant charcoal.
In step (1), shred into 2～5cm segment, preferably 2～3cm segment.
In step (2), while sieving, successively cross 18 mesh sieves and 35 mesh sieves, only retain the charcoal of diameter between 0.5～1mm.
Step (2), preferably by the water plant compacting shredding, 550～650 ℃ of limit oxygen pyrolysis 1.5～2.5 hours.
In step (2), preferably 60～80 ℃ of bake out temperatures.
Wherein, preferably 9～11g/L of dosage.
Wherein, lead contamination water body is before adding charcoal, and concentration plumbous in polluted-water is controlled at 100～1000mg/L.
Wherein, lead contamination water body is before adding charcoal, and the pH value of polluted-water is controlled at 2～8, and preferably 4.5～6.5.
Wherein, add after charcoal reaction 1min～24h, 2～24h.
Wherein, be preferably prepared into charcoal take water plant alternanthera philoxeroides as raw material.
Beneficial effect: the present invention has following distinguishing feature and effect:
1. the raw material source of preparing charcoal is wide, with low cost, and preparation method is simple.
2. aquatic planting is prepared into after charcoal, not only can alleviates its destruction to ecological environment, but also can adsorbed water body pollutant, realize the recycling of water plant.
3. water plant charcoal is remarkable to plumbous adsorption effect, far above other adsorbents.And convenient recovery, can not produce secondary pollution.
4. the water plant charcoal that prepared by this method not only can be removed lead, and other organic pollutions are also had to certain removal ability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 process chart;
Fig. 2 alternanthera philoxeroides charcoal SEM figure;
The impact of Fig. 3 lead solution change in concentration on alternanthera philoxeroides and water hyacinth charcoal adsorbance;
Fig. 4 different times of contact of the impact on alternanthera philoxeroides charcoal adsorbance;
The impact of the different initial pH of Fig. 5 on alternanthera philoxeroides charcoal adsorbance;
The impact of Fig. 6 alternanthera philoxeroides charcoal dosage on charcoal adsorbance.
The specific embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.But, those skilled in the art will readily understand, the described content of embodiment is only for the present invention is described, and should also can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims.
Embodiment 1:
Natural air drying after water plant alternanthera philoxeroides is cleaned, is cut into 2cm left and right segment subsequently.
Water plant is placed in to 300 ℃, electric furnace limit oxygen pyrolysis 2h, takes out after naturally cooling to room temperature.Cross 18 mesh sieves and 35 mesh sieves, only retain the charcoal of diameter between 0.5～1mm, clean with ultra-pure water, be put in 60 ℃ of oven dry in baking oven, make charcoal.
The charcoal making, by dosage 3g/L, the lead solution that is 5 to pH adsorbs, and the reaction time is 24 hours.
Mixed liquor is crossed 0.22 μ m filter membrane, measures content of beary metal in filtrate after filtered fluid acid adding.
The charcoal productive rate that the present embodiment obtains is 47.1%.Be 223.30mg/g to plumbous adsorbance, the lead solution clearance of 700mg/L is exceeded to 95%.
Embodiment 2:
Other conditions are constant, change the pyrolysis temperature in embodiment 1 into 600 ℃, in kind prepare water hyacinth charcoal and carry out adsorption experiment.
The alternanthera philoxeroides charcoal productive rate that the present embodiment obtains is 29.8%, and as shown in Figure 3, when lead concentration is 500ppm, charcoal is 206.19mg/g to plumbous adsorbance, and along with the increase of lead concentration, the adsorbance of charcoal continues to increase.Be 99% to the lead solution clearance of 100mg/L.The lead solution clearance of 50mg/L, more than 99%, is removed substantially completely, reached first discharge standard.The water hyacinth charcoal productive rate that the present embodiment obtains is 33.7%, and when lead concentration is 500ppm, charcoal is 117.35mg/g to plumbous adsorbance.Be 99% to the lead solution clearance of 100ppm.The lead solution clearance that 50mg/ is come, more than 99%, is removed lead substantially completely, reaches first discharge standard.
Embodiment 3:
Other conditions are constant, change the adsorption time in embodiment 2 into 1min-24h, and solution concentration is 600ppm.
The alternanthera philoxeroides charcoal that the present embodiment obtains, at different time to plumbous adsorbance result as shown in Figure 4: in the starting stage, charcoal sharply rises to the increase in time of plumbous adsorbance, and in the time of reaction 15min, adsorbance just reaches 80% of equilibrium adsorption capacity, ascendant trend tends towards stability subsequently, in the time of 6h, substantially all reach adsorption equilibrium, in 600ppm solution, its equilibrium adsorption capacity is 205.4mg/g, coincide with the result in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:
Other conditions are constant, and initial the lead solution in embodiment 3 pH is adjusted to and is adjusted to respectively 2-8.
The alternanthera philoxeroides charcoal that the present embodiment obtains, to plumbous adsorbance result as shown in Figure 5: be 600ppm in lead solution concentration, when dosage is 2.5g/L, the variation of pH value has impact to the adsorbance of charcoal.Be 5 o'clock in pH value, charcoal, to plumbous adsorbance maximum, can reach 225.34mg/g.When pH<5, adsorbance increases with pH, and when pH>5, adsorbance increases and reduces with pH value.Therefore,, while carrying out with this understanding lead absorption, the best pH of lead solution is 5.
Embodiment 5:
Other conditions are constant, change the charcoal dosage in embodiment 2 into 1～10g/L, Pb in solution
2+initial concentration is 800ppm.
Charcoal changes with the variation of charcoal dosage plumbous adsorbance, as shown in Figure 6: charcoal dosage is below 3.5g/L time, charcoal dosage is more, larger to plumbous adsorbance, dosage is in the time that 3.5g/L is above, the adsorbance of charcoal reaches capacity substantially, and therefore, the optimum dosage of charcoal is 3.5g/L in theory.Pb in solution
2+initial concentration is 800ppm, and charcoal dosage is 4g/L, and clearance is 98.2%, and charcoal is to Pb
2+adsorbance be 226.3mg/g, basically identical with the result of embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6:
Other conditions are constant, change the pyrolysis time in embodiment 2 into 3h, Pb in solution solution
2+initial concentration is 1000ppm, and charcoal dosage is 4g/L.
The charcoal productive rate that the present embodiment obtains is 39%, is 251.07mg/g to plumbous adsorbance, is 99% to the lead solution clearance of 1000mg/L, removes substantially completely, reaches first discharge standard.
Claims (7)
1. utilize water plant charcoal to remove method plumbous in polluted-water, it is characterized in that, be prepared into charcoal take water plant alternanthera philoxeroides or water hyacinth as raw material, then join in lead contamination water body Adsorption lead with the dosage of 1～20g/L.
2. the water plant charcoal that utilizes according to claim 1 is removed method plumbous in polluted-water, it is characterized in that, described charcoal prepares as follows:
(1) raw-material preparation: gather water plant alternanthera philoxeroides or water hyacinth, clean, air-dry, shred;
(2) preparation of charcoal: by 300～700 ℃ of pyrolysis of the water plant shredding 1～4 hour, sieve subsequently, clean, dry, preserve, make water plant charcoal.
3. the water plant charcoal that utilizes according to claim 2 is removed method plumbous in polluted-water, it is characterized in that, in step (1), shreds into 2～5cm segment.
4. the water plant charcoal that utilizes according to claim 2 is removed method plumbous in polluted-water, it is characterized in that, in step (2), successively crosses 18 mesh sieves and 35 mesh sieves while sieving, only retains the charcoal of diameter between 0.5～1mm.
5. the water plant charcoal that utilizes according to claim 1 is removed method plumbous in polluted-water, it is characterized in that, lead contamination water body is before adding charcoal, and concentration plumbous in polluted-water is controlled at 100～1000mg/L.
6. the water plant charcoal that utilizes according to claim 1 is removed method plumbous in polluted-water, it is characterized in that, lead contamination water body is before adding charcoal, and the pH value of polluted-water is controlled at 2～8.
7. the water plant charcoal that utilizes according to claim 1 is removed method plumbous in polluted-water, it is characterized in that, adds after charcoal reaction 1min～24h.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104511272A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-04-15 | 王欣 | Preparation and application methods of adsorbent for removing cadmium in wastewater |
| CN105879834A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-08-24 | 王欣 | Preparation method of adsorbent for removing phosphorus and heavy metal anions in water as well as application method |
| CN106675597A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-17 | 广东工业大学 | Preparation method and application of water hyacinth-magnesium oxide composite biochar |
| CN108212081A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-29 | 新疆医科大学 | A kind of Xi Payi consolidates the gum liquid dregs of a decoction and prepares the method for charcoal and the application of charcoal |
| CN108822858A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-16 | 汕头大学 | A method of improving soil moisture and crack using water hyacinth synthesising biological charcoal |
| CN108993384A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-14 | 中国地质大学（北京） | A kind of load iron lotus charcoal and preparation method thereof removing bromate in water removal |
| CN110746052A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-04 | 河南省高新技术实业有限公司 | Method for treating saccharin production wastewater |
| CN111266084A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-06-12 | 江苏大学 | Porous aquatic plant-based biomass charcoal material and application thereof |
| CN112279240A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 井冈山大学 | Graphene-like biochar prepared from allium aviculare and method for removing sulfonamide antibiotics by graphene-like biochar |
| CN113181925A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-30 | 常州大学 | Method for preparing CuO/CeO by aquatic plant enrichment2Method for producing composite material and use thereof |
| CN113735405A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-03 | 南京林业大学 | Continuous composite remediation method for heavy metal polluted bottom mud |
| WO2022199351A1 (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-29 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Process for producing heavy-metal-mediated biochar complex cured by using silicate |
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| CN105879834A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-08-24 | 王欣 | Preparation method of adsorbent for removing phosphorus and heavy metal anions in water as well as application method |
| CN104511272A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-04-15 | 王欣 | Preparation and application methods of adsorbent for removing cadmium in wastewater |
| CN106675597A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-17 | 广东工业大学 | Preparation method and application of water hyacinth-magnesium oxide composite biochar |
| CN108212081A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-29 | 新疆医科大学 | A kind of Xi Payi consolidates the gum liquid dregs of a decoction and prepares the method for charcoal and the application of charcoal |
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| CN108993384A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-14 | 中国地质大学（北京） | A kind of load iron lotus charcoal and preparation method thereof removing bromate in water removal |
| CN110746052A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-04 | 河南省高新技术实业有限公司 | Method for treating saccharin production wastewater |
| CN110746052B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-11-02 | 河南省高新技术实业有限公司 | Method for treating saccharin production wastewater |
| CN111266084A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-06-12 | 江苏大学 | Porous aquatic plant-based biomass charcoal material and application thereof |
| CN113735405A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-03 | 南京林业大学 | Continuous composite remediation method for heavy metal polluted bottom mud |
| CN112279240A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 井冈山大学 | Graphene-like biochar prepared from allium aviculare and method for removing sulfonamide antibiotics by graphene-like biochar |
| WO2022199351A1 (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-29 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Process for producing heavy-metal-mediated biochar complex cured by using silicate |
| CN113181925A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-30 | 常州大学 | Method for preparing CuO/CeO by aquatic plant enrichment2Method for producing composite material and use thereof |
| CN113181925B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2023-09-22 | 常州大学 | Preparation of CuO/CeO by enrichment of aquatic plants 2 Method for producing composite materials and use thereof |
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