The method and apparatus that a kind of calcium silicate slag separates fast
Technical field
The present invention relates to Technology of Comprehensive Utilization of Coal Ash, relate in particular to and from flyash, extract the method and apparatus that in alumina process, calcium silicate slag separates fast.
Background technology
Flyash is the main industrial solid castoff in coal-burning power plant, in the area such as Inner Mongolia of China and North of Shanxi, because special geology becomes ore deposit background, aluminum-containing mineral and coal seam deposit simultaneously and form high alumina coal resources, in the flyash producing after its burning, alumina content, more than 40%, is a kind of bauxite alternate resources of high-quality.
At present, approximately 2,500 ten thousand tons of China's aluminous fly-ash annual emissions, wherein approximately 1,180 ten thousand tons of Inner Mongolia of Chinas, have accounted for the more than 47% of China's high alumina coal resources.Make full use of aluminous fly-ash resource and carry out alumina producing, both solved solid waste discharge problem, avoided because disposing the waste in manpower, the financial resources that this waste residue brings, realize again resource reutilization production, alleviated the unfavorable factor that domestic bauxite resource is in short supply, aluminium industry development is on the hazard.
The existing method of extracting aluminium oxide from flyash is generally fly ash-lime stone sintering process, flyash and raw meal prepared from lime calcining are generated aluminium oxide self powdering clinker by the method, this grog mixes alumina leaching with alkali lye, then thick the aluminium oxide of stripping liquid is separated with solid calcium silicate slag, realize the recovery of aluminium oxide, so how fast calcium silicate slag is filtered to the rate of recovery that directly affects aluminium oxide.
Existing calcium silicate slag separates the main methods such as vacuum filter, subsider separation that adopt.Calcium silicate slag attached liquid amount is larger after filtering to adopt vacuum filtration method, more than 30%; Separation tank is to rely on the principle of Gravity Separation to realize Separation of Solid and Liquid, when solid particle size thinner, or between solid-liquid, difference in specific gravity hour, calcium silicate slag sinking speed will be very slow, be difficult to realize effective Separation of Solid and Liquid, in addition, Separation of Solid and Liquid overlong time, to cause aluminum oxide secondary reaction high, the low series of problems that waits of calcium silicate slag digesting efficiency of alumina.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency for general calcium silicate slag separation method, the method and apparatus that provides a kind of calcium silicate slag to separate fast, by described filter is arranged in described high-pressure chamber, thereby under the effect of storehouse internal pressure, make the liquid in calcium silicate slag slurries enter described filtrate discharge line by the mesh of filter fast, and calcium silicate slag solid is piled up formation filter cake on filter screen, thereby make calcium silicate slag slurries carry out fast Separation of Solid and Liquid.In existing calcium silicate slag separation equipment and method, after separating, the moisture of calcium silicate slag is generally greater than 30%, filtrate floating material content is greater than 10g/L, the present invention can make to separate rear calcium silicate slag moisture and reach 15%, filtrate floating material content is less than 5g/L, has increased considerably the effect of Separation of Solid and Liquid.
The present invention is simultaneously by arranging automatic discharging system, the separation of calcium silicate slag can be carried out continuously, in conjunction with the work of high-pressure chamber and filter, the separating rate of calcium silicate slag is increased substantially, the present invention's 120~150 tons, calcium silicate slag slurries of processing per hour, improve more than 50% than general calcium silicate slag separating rate, have that separating rate is fast, good separating effect, and the advantage such as easy to operate.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The quick separation equipment of a kind of calcium silicate slag, comprising:
High-pressure chamber, it is an airtight hollow vessel, is provided with gas-adding pipe on it, described gas-adding pipe and an air compressor are connected to form high-pressure sealed system;
Filter, it is arranged at described high-pressure chamber inside, comprise slurry storage tank and rotating mechanism, on wherein said rotating mechanism, be connected with multiple annular filter discs, described annular filter disc is made up of multiple Sector filter plate concentric arrangement, and described annular filter disc string comes on described rotating mechanism, in addition, described rotating mechanism and described Sector filter plate are hollow setting, and its inside communicates with each other; Described slurry storage tank is arranged at the below of described rotating mechanism;
Discharge system, it comprises reverse-blow pipe and charging conduit, wherein said charging conduit is connected with described annular filter disc, and described reverse-blow pipe is connected with the gas-adding pipe of described high-pressure chamber, and is communicated to the described annular filter disc position of described charging conduit top by dispensing head.
Preferably, in the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described reverse-blow pipe is provided with multiple blowbacks air port by dispensing head, comprises end blowing mouth and a blowing mouth, wherein said end blowing mouth be arranged at string row described annular filter disc two ends place and blow to direction in opposite directions; Described blowing mouth is arranged at described annular filter disc interval and blows round about, and the blowing direction in described blowback air port is vertical with described annular filter disc.
Preferably, in the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described discharge system also comprises air-dry machine, pneumatic operated valve and approach switch, wherein said air-dry machine is arranged at the top of slurry storage tank in described high-pressure chamber, in addition, described reverse-blow pipe is connected with described pneumatic operated valve and is blown by its control, and described pneumatic operated valve is connected with described approach switch and interlock with it.
Preferably, in the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described Sector filter plate surface is arranged with filter screen removably, and described filter screen and Sector filter plate surface all have mesh, and the mesh aperture of described filter screen is 5~15 microns.
Preferably, in the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described filter is also provided with feeding pipe, and the first end of described feeding pipe connects described slurry storage tank, and its second end is arranged at described high-pressure chamber outside and is connected with a feed pump; Described filter also comprises filtrate pipeline, described go out the first end of filtrate pipeline be connected to one end of described rotating mechanism and be communicated with its internal cavities, its second end is arranged at described high-pressure chamber outside and is connected with a steam-water separator, and by described steam-water separator, filtering clarifying liquid is discharged, described in go out filtrate pipeline the second end be provided with multiple ports.
Preferably, in the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described steam-water separator is the housing of a hollow, and described case top is provided with exhaust outlet, and bottom is provided with leakage fluid dram, its side is provided with feed pipe, described feed pipe and described case side face down and are obliquely installed, and its angle is 35 ± 5 degree, and its lateral length that stretches into housing parts is at least 1/2 of housing width, the junction of described feed pipe and housing is no more than 1/2 of described housing height, and the quantity of described feed pipe is multiple; In addition, described enclosure interior is provided with the baffle plate of multiple cross arrangements, and described baffle plate and described case side face down and be obliquely installed, and its lateral length is at least 1/2 of described housing width.
Preferably, in the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, the charging conduit of described discharge system comprises horizontal discharge zone and vertical discharge zone, wherein said horizontal discharge zone inside is provided with drag conveyor, described vertical discharge zone comprises discharge valve, upper flashboard, switching chamber, lower flashboard from top to bottom in turn, wherein said upper flashboard is all connected with Hydraulic Station with lower flashboard and is driven by it, and is connected with computer and linked by its control;
In addition, described horizontal discharge zone is connected with an operating platform, this operating platform is offering the fluting that can make it pass through with corresponding position, described annular filter disc position, described fluting interval is provided with downward-sloping groove, this groove is communicated with described horizontal discharge zone, and in it, be provided with scraper plate, described scraper plate outer rim and described groove inwall are supported, the filter cake that enters described groove after can scraping delivery coming off enters described horizontal discharge zone, then is delivered to described vertical discharge zone by described drag conveyor;
In addition, described lower flashboard below is connected unloading materials is exported with feed belt.
Preferably, in the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described filter also comprises rotation agitator arm, its first end is connected to the rotating mechanism at described annular filter disc interval and is rotated by its drive, its second end is provided with the stripe board perpendicular to described rotation agitator arm, this stripe board and described rotating mechanism arrange at a certain angle, and its length is less than the spacing distance of adjacent two annular filter discs.
Preferably, described calcium silicate slag fast separating process comprises the following steps:
Step 1, open described air compressor, make gas pressure in described high-pressure chamber reach certain threshold values;
Step 2, start described feed pump, calcium silicate slag slurries are injected to described slurry storage tank, thereby described annular filter disc is immersed in described calcium silicate slag slurries;
Step 3, start described filter, in the time of the described slurry storage tank of described Sector filter plate process, due to the pressure reduction existing outside described high-pressure chamber and storehouse, calcium silicate slag solid in described calcium silicate slag slurries adheres to accumulation in described screen surface, liquid by described Sector filter plate and the internal cavities of described rotating mechanism being communicated with it go out filtrate pipeline described in entering, discharged by described gas-liquid separator;
Step 4, the described Sector filter plate that is attached with calcium silicate slag solid are driven and are continued rotation by described rotating mechanism, and be dried in rotation process after it leaves described slurry storage tank, in the time arriving described charging conduit top, form dry cake, blow and make described dry cake fall into described charging conduit by described reverse-blow pipe, thereby discharged by described discharge system, the calcium silicate slag that completes described calcium silicate slag slurries separates fast.
Preferably, in described calcium silicate slag fast separating process, the rotating speed of described rotating mechanism is 0.4~1.5 rev/min; In the time that in calcium silicate slag slurries, solids content is 200~260g/L, in described high-pressure chamber, gas pressure is set to 0.15~0.5MPa; In the time that in calcium silicate slag slurries, solids content is 260~360g/L, in described high-pressure chamber, gas pressure is set to 0.18~0.5MPa.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: the method and apparatus that calcium silicate slag of the present invention separates fast, by described filter is arranged in described high-pressure chamber, liquid in calcium silicate slag slurries is discharged by filter and by described filtrate discharge line fast under the effect of storehouse internal pressure, and calcium silicate slag solid is piled up formation filter cake on filter screen, thereby calcium silicate slag solid is separated fast.After separating, calcium silicate slag moisture can reach 15%, and the moisture of calcium silicate slag is generally greater than 30% after conventional method separation, separate and obtain filtrate floating material content and be less than 5g/L in addition, and general separation method filtrate floating material content is greater than 10g/L, the present invention has increased considerably the effect of calcium silicate slag slurries Separation of Solid and Liquid.
The present invention is simultaneously by arranging automatic discharging system, the separation of calcium silicate slag can be carried out continuously, in conjunction with the work of high-pressure chamber and filter, the separating rate of calcium silicate slag is increased substantially, the present invention's 120~150 tons, calcium silicate slag slurries of processing per hour, improve more than 50% than general calcium silicate slag separating rate, have that separating rate is fast, good separating effect, and the advantage such as easy to operate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cross section schematic diagram of the quick separation equipment of calcium silicate slag of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical section schematic diagram of the quick separation equipment of calcium silicate slag of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is elaborated, after making those of ordinary skills consult this description, can implement according to this.
As shown in Figure 1, the quick separation equipment of calcium silicate slag of the present invention comprises: high-pressure chamber 1, and it is an airtight hollow vessel, is provided with gas-adding pipe on it, described gas-adding pipe and an air compressor are connected to form high-pressure sealed system; Filter, it is arranged at described high-pressure chamber inside, comprise slurry storage tank 4 and rotating mechanism 3, on wherein said rotating mechanism 3, be connected with multiple annular filter discs 11, described annular filter disc 11 is made up of multiple Sector filter plate 2 concentric arrangement, and described annular filter disc 11 strings come on described rotating mechanism 3, in addition, described rotating mechanism 3 and described Sector filter plate 2 are hollow setting, and its inside communicates with each other; Described slurry storage tank 4 is arranged at the below of described rotating mechanism 3; Discharge system, it comprises reverse-blow pipe and charging conduit 6, wherein said charging conduit 6 is connected with described annular filter disc 11, and described reverse-blow pipe is connected with the gas-adding pipe of described high-pressure chamber 1, and is communicated to described annular filter disc 11 positions of described charging conduit 6 tops by dispensing head.
In the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described reverse-blow pipe is provided with multiple blowbacks air port by dispensing head, comprise end blowing mouth 12 and a blowing mouth 13, wherein said end blowing mouth 12 be arranged at string row described annular filter disc 11 two ends place and blow to direction in opposite directions; Described blowing mouth 13 is arranged at described annular filter disc 11 intervals and blows round about, and the blowing direction in described blowback air port is vertical to described annular filter disc 11.When being attached with the described Sector filter plate 2 of filter cake while rotating to position corresponding to described blowback air port, described blowback air port starts automatically to described Sector filter plate 2 inject high pressure air-flows, thereby makes the filter screen moment bulging on it, and the filter cake adhering on it is shaken off.General blowback air port is arranged on the two ends place of described annular filter disc 11, so often due to the obstruct of Sector filter plate described in other 2, to make to arrive the air quantity of medium position less, on it, filter cake is difficult for coming off completely, the present invention increases multiple blowing mouths 13 by the interval at described annular filter disc 11, each position is all obtained compared with Wind Volume, thereby filter cake is come off completely, make filter screen obtain quick and complete cleaning.
In the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described discharge system also comprises air-dry machine, pneumatic operated valve and approach switch, wherein said air-dry machine is arranged at the top of the interior slurry storage tank 4 of described high-pressure chamber 1, in addition, described reverse-blow pipe is connected with described pneumatic operated valve and is blown by its control, and described pneumatic operated valve is connected with described approach switch and interlock with it.Described annular filter disc rotates, its the above Sector filter plate 2 is in turn by described slurry storage tank 4, position on described slurry storage tank 4 is dried by air-dry machine, make attachment on it obtain air-dry, form dry filter cake, when the described Sector filter plate 2 that carries dry cake is rotated further, automatically responded to by approach switch and automatically start pneumatic operated valve to certain position place and carry out back-blowing, make filter cake self falling on it, ready for again entering slurry storage tank 4, so move in circles, carry out the continuous mask work to described calcium silicate slag.
In the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described Sector filter plate 2 surfaces are arranged with filter screen removably, and described filter screen and Sector filter plate 2 surfaces all have mesh, and the mesh aperture of described filter screen is 5~15 microns.The material of general filter screen used is woven fabric, also can be with other alkali resistance fiber fabrics, as glass fibre, synthetic fibers etc.
In the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described filter is also provided with feeding pipe 5, and the first end of described feeding pipe 5 connects described slurry storage tank 4, and its second end is arranged at described high-pressure chamber 1 outside and is connected with a feed pump; Described filter also comprises filtrate pipeline, described go out the first end of filtrate pipeline be connected to one end of described rotating mechanism 3 and be communicated with its internal cavities, its second end is arranged at described high-pressure chamber 1 outside and is connected with a steam-water separator 14, and by described steam-water separator 14, filtering clarifying liquid is discharged, described in go out filtrate pipeline the second end be provided with multiple ports.
In the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described steam-water separator 14 is the housing of a hollow, described case top is provided with exhaust outlet, bottom is provided with leakage fluid dram, and its side is provided with feed pipe, and described feed pipe and described case side face down and be obliquely installed, its angle is 35 ± 5 degree, its lateral length that stretches into housing parts is at least 1/2 of housing width, and the junction of described feed pipe and housing is no more than 1/2 of described housing height, and the quantity of described feed pipe is multiple; In addition, described enclosure interior is provided with the baffle plate of multiple cross arrangements, and described baffle plate and described case side face down and be obliquely installed, and its lateral length is at least 1/2 of described housing width.When filtrate is when discharging in described high-pressure chamber, wherein include a large amount of gas, if directly discharged, to cause very strong jet power, and cause certain potential safety hazard, the present invention is connected to described steam-water separator 14 by going out filtrate pipeline described in general, make filtrate intercepted by baffle plate from its feed pipe enters, fall to described leakage fluid dram, gas wherein is upwards discharged from described exhaust outlet, realizes the gas-liquid separation of filtrate.
Described horizontal discharge zone is connected with an operating platform, this operating platform is offering the fluting that can make it pass through with corresponding position, described annular filter disc position, described fluting interval is provided with downward-sloping groove, this groove is communicated with described horizontal discharge zone, and in it, be provided with scraper plate, described scraper plate outer rim and described groove inwall are supported, and the filter cake that enters described groove after can scraping delivery coming off enters described horizontal discharge zone, then is delivered to described vertical discharge zone by described drag conveyor;
In the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, the charging conduit 6 of described discharge system comprises horizontal discharge zone and vertical discharge zone, wherein said horizontal discharge zone inside is provided with drag conveyor, described horizontal discharge zone is connected with an operating platform in addition, this operating platform is offering the fluting that can make it pass through with described annular filter disc 11 corresponding positions, position, described fluting interval is provided with downward-sloping groove, this groove is communicated with described horizontal discharge zone, and in it, be provided with scraper plate, described scraper plate outer rim and described groove inwall are supported, make filter cake come off and enter after this groove from described filter screen, can be pushed forward by described scraper plate, enter described horizontal discharge zone, be delivered to described vertical discharge zone by described drag conveyor again.
Described scraper plate is interval work, it is provided with automatic resetting device, can after completing, propelling movement work automatically revert to initial position, prepare for push the filter cake that is about to come off next time, described vertical discharge zone comprises discharge valve, upper flashboard 8, switching chamber 10, lower flashboard 9 from top to bottom in turn, wherein said upper flashboard 8 is all connected with Hydraulic Station 7 with lower flashboard 9 and is driven by it, and is connected with computer and linked by its control; In addition, described lower flashboard 9 belows are connected unloading materials are exported with feed belt.When filter cake is after described Sector filter plate 2 comes off, first fall into the horizontal discharge zone of described charging conduit 6, when after a certain amount of filter cake of accumulation, push to described vertical discharge zone by described drag conveyor, and starting voluntarily the discharge systems such as described discharge valve, this discharge process is completed automatically by computer control.By upper flashboard 8, switching chamber 10 and lower flashboard 9 are set, can make described high-pressure chamber 1 internal gas pressure keep stable.
In the quick separation equipment of described calcium silicate slag, described filter also comprises rotation agitator arm, its first end is connected to the rotating mechanism 3 at described annular filter disc 11 intervals and is rotated by its drive, its second end is provided with the stripe board perpendicular to described rotation agitator arm, this stripe board and described rotating mechanism 3 arrange at a certain angle, and its length is less than the spacing distance of adjacent two annular filter discs 11.General filter, solid in slurries to be filtered has certain deposition, and form and accumulate in described slurry storage tank 4, need to clear up termly, not only affect filter effect, and take time and effort, rotation agitator arm of the present invention stirs the calcium silicate slag slurries in described slurry storage tank 4 in rotary course, make it form eddy-currents, can effectively avoid the deposition of solid in it.
Described calcium silicate slag fast separating process comprises the following steps:
Step 1, open described air compressor, make the interior gas pressure of described high-pressure chamber 1 reach certain threshold values;
Step 2, start described feed pump, calcium silicate slag slurries are injected to described slurry storage tank 4, thereby described annular filter disc 11 is immersed in described calcium silicate slag slurries;
Step 3, start described filter, in the time of the described slurry storage tank 4 of described Sector filter plate 2 process, due to the pressure reduction existing outside described high-pressure chamber 1 and storehouse, calcium silicate slag solid in described calcium silicate slag slurries adheres to accumulation in described screen surface, liquid by described Sector filter plate 2 and the internal cavities of described rotating mechanism 3 being communicated with it go out filtrate pipeline described in entering, discharged by described gas-liquid separator;
Step 4, the described Sector filter plate 2 that is attached with calcium silicate slag solid are driven and are continued rotation by described rotating mechanism, and be dried in rotation process after it leaves described slurry storage tank 4, in the time arriving described charging conduit 6 top, form dry cake, blow and make described dry cake fall into described charging conduit 6 by described reverse-blow pipe, thereby discharged by described discharge system, the calcium silicate slag that completes described calcium silicate slag slurries separates fast.
In described calcium silicate slag fast separating process, the rotating speed of described rotating mechanism 3 is 0.4~1.5 rev/min; In the time that in calcium silicate slag slurries, solids content is 200~260g/L, the interior gas pressure of described high-pressure chamber 1 is set to 0.15~0.5MPa; In the time that in calcium silicate slag slurries, solids content is 260~360g/L, the interior gas pressure of described high-pressure chamber 1 is set to 0.18~0.5MPa.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed utilization in description and embodiment, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other modification, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the legend of describing.