CN103797320A - Controlling temperature in a refrigerated transport container - Google Patents
Controlling temperature in a refrigerated transport container Download PDFInfo
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- CN103797320A CN103797320A CN201380002924.9A CN201380002924A CN103797320A CN 103797320 A CN103797320 A CN 103797320A CN 201380002924 A CN201380002924 A CN 201380002924A CN 103797320 A CN103797320 A CN 103797320A
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- temperature
- tset
- supply air
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- air themperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25D29/003—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for movable devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
- B60H1/00014—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices for load cargos on load transporting vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
- F25D2700/12—Sensors measuring the inside temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
- F25D2700/12—Sensors measuring the inside temperature
- F25D2700/123—Sensors measuring the inside temperature more than one sensor measuring the inside temperature in a compartment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
- F25D2700/14—Sensors measuring the temperature outside the refrigerator or freezer
Abstract
Temperature is controlled in a refrigerated transport container comprising a transport volume, a control unit, a cooling space, one or more fans providing air flow through the cooling space, where air passing through the cooling space passes a return air temperature sensor, a cooling unit, and a supply air temperature sensor. Supply air temperature (Tsup) is controlled to bring temperatures in the transport volume within a desired temperature range around a first temperature set point (Tset). The supply air temperature (Tsup) or a time-averaged function thereof is controlled (402) to reach a temperature below the set point (Tset) during a first limited time period; and the supply air temperature (Tsup) is increased (403) during a second limited time period following said first time period, so that the supply air temperature (Tsup) or a time-averaged function thereof at the end of said second time period is within said desired temperature range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to control the temperature in refrigerated transport container, transportation volume, control module, cooling space and provide by one or more blower fans of the air-flow of cooling space are at least provided described refrigerated transport container, wherein through the air of cooling space at least through the return air temperature sensor for measuring return air temperature, cooling unit and for measuring the supply air temperature sensor of supply air themperature.
Background technology
Temperature in refrigerated transport container or other types stored under refrigeration space is controlled in the temperature range of contiguous set point or target temperature (being designated hereinafter simply as set point temperatures, set point or the first set point) conventionally.Refrigerated transport container can for example comprise the heat shield that is divided into cooling space and transportation volume.Conventionally, transportation volume is mounted with the such as perishable farm products of meat, vegetables and fruit etc.Thereby conventionally set point temperatures is chosen as and reduces the quality deterioration of perishable farm products.
Cooling space can be for example by separating as lower panel and transportation volume: this panel is equipped with one or more openings, enters transportation volume to make return air stream enter cooling space and make to supply air themperature stream from transportation volume from cooling space.
Air-flow by cooling space conventionally at least through return air temperature sensor, for example, for reducing equipment (cooling unit or system) and the supply air temperature sensor of the temperature through air.In such system, return air temperature sensor is measured the temperature of the air returning from transportation volume conventionally, and supply air temperature sensor is measured the temperature of the air of supplying with to transportation volume.
Temperature control protocol can optionally be controlled the cooling unit that is attached to refrigerated transport container, so that the temperature in transportation volume is remained in the temperature range of contiguous set point temperatures.
The one typical case's cooling unit or the refrigerating unit that in refrigerated transport container, use circulate based on so-called steam compression type refrigeration.This circulation at least comprises compressor, condenser, bloating plant, evaporimeter and capacity adjustment equipment.Compressor sucks refrigerant vapour from evaporimeter, and under high pressure the refrigerant vapour that flow to subsequently condenser is compressed.Condenser discharges its heat to the medium of refrigerated transport container outside when refrigerant vapour is carried out to condensation.Then the cold-producing medium of liquefaction flow to bloating plant, and in this bloating plant, refrigerant pressure declines.Then low pressure refrigerant flow to evaporimeter, and in this evaporimeter, cold-producing medium evaporates when from refrigerated transport container extraction institute calorific requirement.
Other typical cooling units that use in refrigerated transport container or refrigerating unit can be different.
Temperature in transportation volume is normally immeasurablel.Under steady state operation, measured supply air themperature can represent to transport the coldest temperature in volume conventionally quite exactly.Under steady state operation, measured return air temperature can reasonably represent to transport the mean temperature in volume conventionally.Under steady state operation, the warmest temperature common a little higher than return air temperature of transportation in volume, but be still unknown and for example depend on the mode that product is deposited at internal container.
For general freezing commodity to transport lower than the set point of-10 ℃ to-5 ℃ and common approximately-20 ℃, product temperature is only particular importance higher than set point.Therefore,, in the refrigeration operation carrying out at the set point with lower than-10 ℃ to-5 ℃, way is for approaching set point by measured return air temperature control conventionally.
For the general refrigeration commodity to transport higher than the set point of-10 ℃ to-5 ℃, too high and too low product temperature is all less desirable.Excessively quite obvious higher than the adverse effect of set point, this is all reasons of application refrigeration.But excessively lower than set point, refrigeration commodity in fact also can become grain.Many refrigeration commodity are subject to the impact of freeze injury, this especially becomes problem when transporting sensitive goods (as grape) a little more than the set point of its freezing point.The impact that some refrigeration commodity are subject to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, for example, become ash in domestic refrigerator as banana.Therefore,, in the refrigeration pattern operation of carrying out at the set point with higher than-10 ℃ to-5 ℃, way is that measured supply air temperature control is become to approach set point conventionally.
Traditionally, the product that the filling of refrigerated transport container used has been pre-cooling to the temperature that approaches set point, therefore transports volume temperature always more or less under limit.
But current trend is the just warm product of results of more container filling, to product temperature be down to by the cooling unit of container thus to the temperature range of contiguous set point temperatures from filling temperature.Take banana trade as example, present S.O.P. is that the uncolled banana of approximately 25 ℃ is packed in the container with the set point work of approximately 13.5 ℃.Under these unsteady state conditions, return air temperature becomes the poor index of the warmest temperature of transportation volume inside.
Conventionally,, compared with return air temperature, the warmest temperature significantly more slowly converges to the temperature range of contiguous set point temperatures.
In view of increasing warm filling container, need effectively and efficiently to manipulate measured supply air themperature and return air temperature, to guarantee actual shipment volume temperature as far as possible and as soon as possible within the scope of the preferred temperature in contiguous set point temperatures, be limited in higher than the set point place of-10 ℃ simultaneously and cause and damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature and/or the risk of freeze injury.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of embodiments of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of controlling the temperature in refrigerated transport container, the method make loading days product obviously than desired when warm the temperature in whole transportation volume can reach rapidly preferred temperature scope, reduce the mass loss causing due to high temperature and low temperature simultaneously.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, realize this object with the method for controlling the temperature in refrigerated transport container, described refrigerated transport container at least comprises transportation volume, control module, cooling space and providing by one or more blower fans of the air-flow of cooling space, wherein the air of process cooling space is at least through the return air temperature sensor for measuring return air temperature, cooling unit and for measure supply air themperature supply air temperature sensor, wherein, the method comprises: control supply air themperature so that the temperature in transportation volume is within the scope of near the preferred temperature of the first temperature set-point.This object realizes in the time that described method comprises the steps: during the first finite time section, control supply air themperature or its time average function to reach the temperature lower than described the first temperature set-point; And during the second finite time section after described very first time section, increase described supply air themperature, make to supply air themperature or its time average function in the time that described the second time period finishes within the scope of described preferred temperature.
When supply air themperature or its time average function are reduced to lower than set point temperature time, the speed that contributes to make product temperature in whole transportation volume to reach preferred temperature scope is accelerated.This product temperature at loading days is obviously particularly important when warm than desired.Many perishable farm products are impaired due to excessive temperature, equally also impaired owing to crossing low temperature.Supply air themperature is reduced to lower than set point and contributes to overcome the mass loss causing due to excessive temperature.The duration of limiting this supply air themperature colder than desired value contributes to reduce the mass loss causing owing to crossing low temperature.If suitably select the duration of the first period and the second period, program even can operate to the product temperature that can not make to transport in volume at any time and any position is down to below preferred temperature scope.
In one embodiment, method comprises: supply air themperature or its time average function are controlled to supply air themperature set point; During described very first time section, set supply air themperature set point for value lower than the first temperature set-point; And during described the second time period, have additional supply of air themperature set point, make to supply air themperature set point and equal described the first temperature set-point in the time that described the second time period finishes.By supplying air temperature control to the supply air themperature set point of temporarily being set for lower than the first temperature set-point, realize the favourable embodiment of the speed of the product temperature decline in quickening transportation volume.
The method also comprises: in master controller, determine described supply air themperature set point according at least one in the measured value of described the first temperature set-point and return air temperature and supply air themperature; And in slave controller, will supply air temperature control to described supply air themperature set point.Therefore, can realize by so-called master-slave control device the temporary transient supply air themperature undershoot of the expectation during the Part I that starts motion (trip), in this master-slave control device, be responsible for supplying air temperature control from controller, and master controller manipulates by the supply air themperature set point using from controller, to control the process of product temperature in transportation volume.Regulate supply air themperature set point to introduce feedback according to the measured value of return air temperature and/or supply air themperature.The possibility that this feedback advantageously provides duration to supply air themperature undershoot and amplitude to regulate for observed temperature.
In one embodiment, the method comprises: during the first sub-period of described the second time period, with the first slope, supply air themperature set point is increased to following median from the described value lower than described the first temperature set-point, this median is between described value and the first temperature set-point lower than described the first temperature set-point; And during the second sub-period of described the second time period, with the second slope, supply air themperature set point is increased to the first temperature set-point from described median; Wherein, the each slope in described the first slope and the second slope according to described the first temperature set-point, described supply air themperature set point and return air temperature and supply air themperature measured value at least one be scheduled to or calculate.With apply stepping and change on the contrary, supply air themperature set point by oblique ascension gradually, only need to carry out trickle adjusting and can not cause interference to other possible control loops from cooling unit.The stepping increase of supply air themperature set point even may cause beyond thought heat demand.This can advantageously be avoided.The supply air themperature set point oblique ascension period is subdivided into two independent oblique ascension sub-periods following attractive possibility is provided: the 3rd sub-period that inserts the supply air themperature set point value of mediating between these two sub-periods.
In such embodiment, the method can also comprise: during the 3rd sub-period between described the first sub-period of being arranged on of described the second time period and the second sub-period, supply air themperature set point is remained on to described median.During the 3rd limited sub-period, supply air themperature set point is remained on median advantageously will below combine aspect two: the temperature at the warm spot place in transportation volume is accelerated to decline and the coldest product temperature of assurance can not drop to below this median.Particularly in the situation that the known product temperature in described median only can cause damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature/freeze injury after known time amount, can be advantageously for described finite time amount at the most, supply air themperature set point be set as in this median.
In one embodiment, described very first time section can have the duration that is less than 10 hours, and described the second time period can have the duration that is less than 90 hours; And the described value lower than described the first temperature set-point can be lower than described the first temperature set-point between 0.5 ℃ to 4 ℃.
In some embodiments, can also be lower than near the described preferred temperature scope the first temperature set-point lower than the described value of described the first temperature set-point.By supply air themperature or its time average function are reduced to the not only temperature lower than the first set point, be even reduced to the temperature lower than described expected product temperature range, realize even faster and having declined, and thereby the even larger advantage of realization.
In another embodiment, the method comprises: supply air themperature or its time average function are restricted to higher than minimum limit value; And passing increases minimum limit value in time.The advantage that supply air themperature or its time average function are applied to minimum limit value is: this is not to force to carry out temporary transient undershoot during the Part I that starts motion, and be only the possibility that temporary transient undershoot is provided during the Part I that starts motion, and in the time that product temperature approaches set point, reduce the possibility of undershoot by passing in time increase minimum limit value subsequently.Whether the actual undershoot of carrying out is determined by other elements in temperature control.For example, the mean control of supply air themperature and return air temperature is only required to the possibility of undershoot higher than the first temperature set-point in the situation that in return air temperature to the controller of the first temperature set-point.
Some embodiments of the present invention also relate to a kind of for controlling the system of temperature of refrigerated transport container, described refrigerated transport container at least comprises transportation volume and cooling space and provides by one or more blower fans of the air stream of cooling space, wherein the air of process cooling space is at least through the return air temperature sensor for measuring return air temperature, cooling unit and for measure supply air themperature supply air temperature sensor, wherein, this system comprises control module, this control module be configured to control supply air themperature so that the temperature of transportation in volume within the scope of near the preferred temperature the first temperature set-point.Control module is configured to: during the first finite time section, control supply air themperature or its time average function to reach the temperature lower than described the first temperature set-point; And during the second finite time section after described very first time section, have additional supply of air themperature, make to supply air themperature or its time average function in the time that described the second time period finishes within the scope of described preferred temperature.
Be also applicable to system for the corresponding embodiment of the mentioned embodiment of method above, have advantages of identical.
In some embodiments, control module is configured to: in the situation that there is no human intervention, determine whether that temperature at least one index indication transportation volume is apparently higher than described preferred temperature scope, wherein, described at least one index be before after duration, active controller of power-off period in scheduled time amount at least one function in measured return air temperature and measured supply air themperature; And only the temperature in described at least one index indication transportation volume, apparently higher than described preferred temperature scope, is just reduced to the described temperature lower than described the first temperature set-point by described supply air themperature or its time average function.
Transport at every turn middle by supply air themperature or its time average function be reduced to can bring lower than the described temperature of the first temperature set-point to before loading pre-cooled product cause the risk of freeze injury/damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature.Only the temperature at least one index indication transportation volume just requires temporary transient temperature undershoot apparently higher than preferred temperature scope, and this has advantageously reduced this risk.
In some embodiments, control module is originally configured to: when described controller starts, the controller state when period of switching on before whether checking finishes is switched on the controller state of period while finishing in described very first time section or in described the second time period in described very first time section or in described the second time period and before from when; And in the time initializing supply air temperature control device, consider this information.In this way, obtain the system of interrupting having in short-term better robustness to supply of electric power, reason be undershoot only start motion beginning time initiate, this is to identify by the appearance of many days before power-off periods, and if just operate with described very first time section or the controller state during the second time period at power down Time Controller, recover this controller state.
Some embodiments of the present invention relate to computer program and the computer-readable medium with the program code devices for carrying out said method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Embodiments of the present invention are more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings, in accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 shows the simplification longitdinal cross-section diagram of refrigerated transport container;
Fig. 2 shows the example of the block diagram that represents tradition supply air temperature control device;
Fig. 3 shows the result that wherein directly the first set point is input to the computer simulation in tradition supply air temperature control device;
Fig. 4 shows explanation and controls in a period of time the flow chart of supplying the temporarily-depressed method of air themperature;
Fig. 5 shows and represents according to the example of the block diagram of the master-slave control device of embodiment;
Fig. 6 shows the result that wherein the first set point is input to the computer simulation in master-slave control device;
Fig. 7 shows the flow chart of the example of the algorithm that the method that realizes Fig. 4 is described;
Fig. 8 shows the flow chart of explanation for the possible implementation of the start-up routine of the algorithm of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 shows the flow chart of the possible implementation of the sub-cooled decline step of the algorithm of Fig. 7;
Figure 10 shows the flow chart of the possible implementation of the first sub-cooled oblique ascension step of the algorithm of key diagram 7; And
Figure 11 shows the flow chart of the possible implementation of the second sub-cooled oblique ascension step of the algorithm of key diagram 7.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 has schematically shown the simplification longitdinal cross-section diagram of the refrigerating space of refrigerated transport container form.
Shown is at least to comprise an example of transporting the refrigerated transport container 1 of volume 45, control module 7 and cooling space 41 or the refrigerated storage space of other type.Cooling space 41 can be positioned at the heat shield inside of delivery container 1, and can (as directed) separate with transportation volume 45 by following panel etc.: this panel is equipped with one or more openings, can leave cooling space 41 to make return air stream 50 can enter into cooling space 41 and make to supply air stream 55.
Air-flow by cooling space can be by one or more blower fan 10(for example as evaporator fan) or provide one or more other unit of similar functions to keep.By in the way of cooling space 41, air successively at least through return air temperature sensor 5, one or more blower fan 10, reduce through cooling unit or the system 16(of the temperature of air or there are one or more other unit of similar functions) and supply air temperature sensor 25.
In this system, return air temperature sensor 5 is measured the temperature (below representing with Tret) of the air returning from transportation volume, and supply air temperature sensor 25 is measured the temperature (below representing with Tsup) of the air of supplying with to transportation volume.
By controller 7, immeasurablel temperature in transportation volume 45 is controlled within the scope of following preferred temperature: this preferred temperature scope approaches the target or the set point temperatures (Tset) that are suitable for transporting the product holding in volume 45.As example, for banana or similar products, preferred temperature scope can be 13 ℃ to 15 ℃, set point temperatures (Tset) can be set as to 13.5 ℃.For some products, set point temperatures can equal the lower limit of preferred temperature scope.In the operation of traditional difference refrigerating pattern, respectively return air temperature is controlled to set point Tset, object is that the temperature in transportation volume is remained within the scope of preferred temperature.
Fig. 2 has schematically shown the example of the block diagram that is illustrated in the tradition supply air temperature control device using in the operation of refrigeration pattern.
In block diagram, process 217 represents the temperature dynamic in refrigerated transport container (referring to 1 in Fig. 1 for example).Although the each position in refrigerated transport container has the temperature 219 of himself, only measure two temperature: return air temperature sensor (RTS) 5 is measured return air temperature T ret213; And supply air temperature sensor (STS) 25 is measured supply air themperature Tsup209.In traditional controller, conventionally in controlled circulation, use the only temperature in these temperature.In Fig. 2, supply air themperature Tsup209 is measured by STS25 and compares with set point Tset201, and difference is fed to Tsup controller 107.
Fig. 3 presents for the set point (Tset) 301 in that traditional controller 107 being input to as shown in Figure 2 and for the result of the computer simulation of the thermal tracking of following temperature: the temperature (Tsup) 302 of the supply air stream in transportation volume, temperature (Tret) 303, the warmest product temperature (Twarm) 304 and the coldest product temperature (Tcold) 306 of return air stream.Herein, set point temperatures Tset301 is 13.5 ℃, and it is generally used for the transportation of banana.In this computer simulation, suppose that product is loaded into container at the temperature of approximately 25 ℃, container is warmed up filling.For the transportation of other products, can use other set point temperatures.
The in the situation that of Fig. 3, Tsup302 is controlled in inputted Tset301.This has reflected in refrigeration pattern the temperature controlled conventional method that operates---i.e. operation for shipping products with the target temperature higher than-10 ℃ to-5 ℃---.In the time of energising, all internal temperatures more or less equal environment temperature, 25 ℃.Then, supply air themperature conventionally will be for example dropping to target temperature Tset in period of 5 hours to 10 hours.As can be seen from the figure, return air temperature T ret and immeasurablel temperature T warm and Tcold approach Tset significantly more slowly.In actual transporting, in transportation volume, the warmest product temperature Twarm304 and the coldest product temperature Tcold306 are normally immeasurablel, but computer simulation shows actual pattern.
Be noted that no matter this document is mentioned " will supply air temperature control to set point " wherein, it is also understood that as " by time averaging supply air temperature control to set point ".As example, time average refers to average by the hour herein.This background is that present invention does not need adjustment type supply air temperature control device, and reason is that it can match with the on/off controller of any type for supplying air temperature control device.
Be noted that Tret303 rather than Tsup302 will be controlled to Tset301 under traditional frozen mode operation.In the case, carry out temperature decline until the curve of Tret303 reaches set point with maximum refrigerating capacity, and no matter be flushed to the degree of set point Tset301 under Tsup302.This is applicable method for frozen product, and reason is that the quality of frozen product can be due to not impaired lower than the temperature of set point, but really may be due to impaired higher than the temperature of set point.
With only supply air or return air temperature are controlled to set point Tset as in the operation of traditional pattern of refrigerating respectively compared with, below described temperature control more advanced.Below in described method, the temporary transient supply air themperature Tsup that allows is lower than the first set point Tset, or even lower than the lower limit of preferred temperature scope, to accelerate the decline of product temperature in the transportation volume of the refrigerated transport container that hot charging fills out.
Principle is during the period of initial several days that for example transport, to control the temporary transient reduction of supply air themperature.This is shown in the flow chart 400 of Fig. 4.This process starts with the energising in step 401.Then in step 402, controller can be immediately after energising or start to drop to the value lower than the first temperature set-point Tset by supplying air themperature Tsup or its time average function after progress of starting sequence completes.In the time reaching this lower value, this lower value can maintain a period of time or can directly start next step.During very first time section, carry out step 402.Next,, in step 403, during the second time period, will supply air themperature Tsup increases towards temperature set-point Tset from this lower value.In the time reaching Tset, within the remaining time of this process, keep (step 404) in this temperature or near the expected range this temperature Tsup.Be noted that very first time section and the second time period, the two all had finite length.
As example, the process of Fig. 4 can realize by carry out the existing perishable pattern supply air temperature control device shown in expander graphs 2 with the master controller shown in Fig. 5 substantially.Under this theory, existing supply air temperature control device becomes from controller 207.Master controller 203 comprises algorithm, and its example will be described below.Therefore, controller 7 can for example comprise in conjunction with the master-slave control device of Fig. 5 explanation arrange 200 or its function can provide in another way.
Other aspects and modification will further illustrate hereinafter.
Fig. 5 has schematically shown and has represented according to the block diagram of the so-called master-slave control device 200 of an embodiment.In this embodiment, process 217 represents the temperature dynamic in refrigerated transport container (referring to 1 in Fig. 1 for example).Although the each position in refrigerated transport container has the temperature 219 of himself, but only measure two temperature in these temperature: return air temperature sensor (RTS) 5 is measured return air temperature T ret213, and supply air temperature sensor (STS) 25 is measured supply air themperature Tsup209.
This block representation is according to the so-called master-slave control device 200 of an embodiment, wherein conventionally first in master controller 203, process the first set point Tset201 inputting, the current and/or nearest value of master controller 203 based on Tset201, Tret213 and possible Tsup209 manipulate or draw second or supply air themperature set point Tset_slave205 through revising.Then receive set point Tset_slave205 through revising and supply poor between air themperature Tsup209 by controller 207, then from controller 207 to minimize this difference as object, thereby effectively Tsup209 is controlled to the supply air themperature set point Tset_slave205 through revising by regulating the heat being absorbed by the cooling unit in the cooling space of refrigerated transport container (referring to 16 in Fig. 1 for example), this can be considered to a part for process 217 in this schematically shows.
In the present embodiment, the first set point Tset201 is regarded as the set point of main controller 203, and wherein master controller 203 manipulates from set point Tset_slave205.In order to distinguish described two set points, set point Tset201 can also be called hereinafter to the first set point.Then supply air themperature Tsup209 is controlled to from supply air themperature set point Tset_slave205 from controller 207.Master controller, being reduced to below the first main set point Tset201 from supply air themperature set point Tset_slave205 intentionally during the first finite time section, its objective is and accelerates product temperature 219 to drop near the preferred temperature scope the first set point Tset201.By make average T sup209 within a period of time lower than Tset201(or the lower limit of the preferred temperature scope of the product in volume lower than transportation even) rather than be controlled at Tset, the larger a part of temperature that comprises product temperature of the temperature 219 in container will demonstrate to the faster convergence of preferred temperature scope that approaches the first set point Tset201.By supply air themperature Tsup209 being increased to target temperature Tset201 during thering is the second time period of finite length and Tsup209 being remained on to the first set point Tset201 after the second time period, guarantee there will not be or occur hardly lower than the product temperature of target temperature.In this way, the product in container can be not impaired due to the low temperature excessively during the initial sub-cooled of Tsup209.
Fig. 6 shows for the computer simulation that the first set point Tset301 is input to the analog track of temperature T sup302, the Tret303, Twarm304 and the Tcold306 that produce in master controller, and wherein said master controller then manipulates the supply air themperature set point Tset_slave305 from controller.Regulate the supply air themperature set point Tset_slave305 from controller by master controller, master controller manipulates supply air themperature set point Tset_slave305 based on Tset301, Tret303 and possible Tsup302, object is, in limited very first time section, Tsup302 is controlled to the value lower than Tset301, and from controller, supply air themperature Tsup302 is controlled to from set point Tset_slave305.
Manipulate supply air themperature set point Tset_slave305 according to the first temperature set-point Tset301 and advantageously Tset_slave305 is adjusted to Tset301, wherein can depend in the following way Tset301 with respect to the adjusting of Tset301: for example, when Tset301 is in known will transport in the residing scope of low-temperature sensitive type product time, Tset_slave305 is reduced to lower than 1 ℃ at the most of Tset301, and allows to transport low temperature compared with the reduction of 2 ℃ in the residing set point range of non-sensitive type product simultaneously.Regulate the operation of supply air themperature set point Tset_slave305 to introduce feedback according to the measured value of return air temperature T ret303 and/or supply air themperature Tsup302.This feedback has advantageously provided the possibility that the duration to temperature undershoot and amplitude regulate for observed temperature.
The realization that this master-slave control device is embodiment depicted in figure 5, wherein master controller is carried out below about the described algorithm of Fig. 7.
Than Fig. 3, Fig. 6 illustrates because the master-slave control in Fig. 6 has been realized faster temperature and declined, that is, product temperature to the first set point compared with rapid convergence, still keep Tsup302 to control simultaneously.For example, after 40 hours, in Fig. 3, Twarm304 is still 16.5 ℃, and in Fig. 6, Twarm304 has dropped to 16.0 ℃.This is can be than Tset301 cold or even realize than the lower limit of preferred temperature scope is cold by making to supply air themperature Tsup302.In general, Tsup302 is than the cold risk that damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature that means increase of Tset301.But, the decline incipient stage of Tsup302 when only the temperature of most of position is still higher than Tset301 in transportation volume than cold period of Tset301 occurs, due to as mentioned above, during the second time period, Tset_slave305 is increased to Tset301.This will describe in further detail below.Thereby product temperature will can or can not drop to below Tset301 hardly.Therefore, the risk damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature is very limited, and the very fast benefit declining is significantly, the quality deterioration less (i.e. the Integral Concept of application refrigeration) causing because of too high temperature.
Under frozen mode operation, can for example use the undershoot of above-mentioned principal and subordinate's concept with restricted T sup302 between the temperature decrement phase as in Fig. 6 equally.This may be for example can drop to cost certain energy-conservation advantage is provided so that the summary of the warmest temperature T warm304 in transportation volume is slow.
In the above-described embodiment, master controller 203 comprises following algorithm: this algorithm calculates from set point Tset_slave to obtain the above results according to measurement (the nearest and/or current) value of the first set point Tset and supply air themperature Tsup and return air temperature T ret.Below with reference to the curve map shown in the flow chart 500 shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 6, the example that how can realize this algorithm is described.
Algorithm function shown in Fig. 7 is the process that comprises 5 steps or state, wherein calculates by different way for temperature controlled from set point Tset_slave.Some steps in these steps can be omitted or be combined in some embodiments.
After the power-off period, in the time that unit in step 501 switches on, process can be directly starts in step 402, or first it can move starting process 502, and this starting process determines whether and actually use the sub-cooled process of step 402 to step 505.In the flow chart of Fig. 8, show in more detail the example of such starting process 502.First, in step 511, check whether power-off time has continued to be greater than 96 hours.If this is the case, in step 512, " decline completes mark " is set as to vacation, then in step 513, supply air themperature Tsup is controlled to the first set point Tset and reaches 30 minutes.But, if power-off time not yet continues to exceed 96 hours, in step 514, check whether " decline completes mark " is true.If mark has been false, in step 513, supply air themperature Tsup is controlled to the first set point Tset as before and reaches 30 minutes.Otherwise program forwards step 404 to, the tradition without the supply air themperature of cool down regulates.After 30 minutes in step 513, in step 515, check that whether return air temperature T ret is higher than Tset+3 ℃.If ret is higher than Tset+3 ℃ for return air temperature T, in step 402, start sub-cooled process.Otherwise, in step 404, use the tradition of supply air themperature to regulate.In other words, only in the time that following condition is set up, just start sub-cooled decline step: this unit moves more than 30 minutes under traditional mode, and Tret is higher than Tset+3 ℃, and " decline completes mark " is vacation.
Embodiment in Fig. 8 is in the situation that there is no human intervention, to determine whether temperature at least one index indication transportation volume possible embodiment apparently higher than preferred temperature scope, wherein, described at least one index be before the power-off period duration, at the function that starts measured return air temperature in measuring of scheduled time after controller and measured supply air themperature; And just supply air themperature or its time average function are reduced to the described temperature lower than described the first temperature set-point when only the temperature in described at least one index indication transportation volume is apparently higher than described preferred temperature scope.Middle supply air themperature or its time average function are reduced to the described temperature lower than the first temperature set-point transporting at every turn, can bring to before loading pre-cooled product cause the risk of freeze injury/damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature.When only the temperature at least one index indication transportation volume is apparently higher than preferred temperature scope, just require temporary transient temperature undershoot advantageously to reduce this risk.
In the sub-cooled decline step 402 of the Fig. 7 being shown in further detail in Fig. 9, in step 521, control supply air themperature Tsup and reach the value lower than the first set point Tset.In this embodiment, this value is set as to Tset-1 ℃.As mentioned above, this value can be lower than the lower limit of the preferred temperature scope of the temperature in transmission volume.This is undertaken by being set as Tset-1 ℃ from set point Tset_slave, as same as shown in Fig. 6.If in the time that Tsup has reached Tset-1 ℃ or Tsup reach 10 hours lower than Tset, stop this step.Therefore, in step 522, check Tsup<Tset-1 ℃ and whether set up, and check in step 523 whether Tsup exceedes 10 hours lower than Tset.After decline step 402, can follow and keep step (not shown), wherein Tset_slave be remained on to Tset-1 ℃ of a period of time, thereby make Tsup remain on Tset-1 ℃ of a period of time, or as long as Tsup reach Tset-1 ℃ just can setting up procedure 403.If restart during decline state this unit, after restarting, recover decline state.
In the embodiment of describing at Fig. 7, the step 403 that supply air themperature is increased to the first set point Tset is divided into three steps, and the first sub-cooled oblique ascension step 503, sub-cooled keep step 504 and the second sub-cooled oblique ascension step 505.Sub-cooled state 403 is followed decline step 402.
Figure 10 schematic representation the step of carrying out in the first sub-cooled oblique ascension step 503.In the time entering this state, first in step 531, determine slope slope by solving following equation:
Time constant=6 hour
Tini=min(Treturn; The slope * time constant of Tsupply-Tsupply) [℃] (1)
T
cold_pd=-time constant ×
[h] (2)
Slope _ slope=0.5/(t
cold_pd+ 5) [℃/h] (3)
Estimated the coldest product temperature when wherein, Tini=enters this state [℃].
T
cold_pd=until the coldest product temperature reaches the estimated time of Tset, suppose Tsup=Tset-1 ℃ of [h] slope _ slope=slope of Tset_slave oblique ascension during the first sub-cooled oblique ascension step 503 [℃/h]
During the first sub-cooled oblique ascension step, while end from decline state with slope _ slope ℃/h the step 532 of Figure 10 from set point Tset_slave, ramp up to median from set point (=Tset-1 ℃), as Tset deducts 0.5 ℃.In the time that Tset_slave reaches Tset-0.5 ℃, the first sub-cooled oblique ascension state stops.If restart during the first sub-cooled oblique ascension state this unit, after restarting, recover the first sub-cooled oblique ascension state and Tset_slave from its oblique ascension of value continuation recently.
Sub-cooled hold mode (step 504 in Fig. 7) is followed the first sub-cooled oblique ascension step 503.During sub-cooled hold mode 504, Tset_slave remains on Tset-0.5 ℃.In current embodiment, after energising 50 hours, sub-cooled hold mode 504 stops.Can replace 50 hours by other length of this state, and can omit this step and make the second sub-cooled oblique ascension state 505 directly follow the first sub-cooled oblique ascension state 503.If restart during sub-cooled hold mode this unit, after restarting, recover sub-cooled hold mode and time counter from its counting of value continuation recently.
The second sub-cooled oblique ascension state 505 is followed sub-cooled hold mode 504.In Figure 11, illustrate in greater detail the algorithm using in state 505.During state 505, Tset_slave when Tset_slave finishes from sub-cooled hold mode with the slope of 0.1 ℃/h in step 541 ramps up to Tset.In the time that Tset_slave reaches Tset, the second sub-cooled oblique ascension state stops (step 542).In the time that this state completes, in step 543, " decline completes mark " is set as very.
Note, supply air themperature increases to gradually the first set point Tset and comprises that in the above-described embodiment the step 403 of three sub-steps 503,504 and 505 has limited duration or length, so that the product in container is carried out to supercooled risk minimization.The duration of step 403 can be less than 90 hours conventionally.
If restart during the second sub-cooled oblique ascension state 505 this unit, start normal mode of operation by use Tset_slave=Tset afterwards in energising.Note, the motivation there are differences compared with power down process during the first sub-cooled oblique ascension state 503 is, after restarting during the second sub-cooled oblique ascension state 505, supply air themperature set point is reduced to lower than the first set point Tset and only reaches and die on for several hours.
Be noted that about restarting, in some embodiments, control module is configured to: in the time of the startup of described controller, the controller state when period of switching on before whether checking finishes at described very first time section or the controller state in the time that the period of switching in described the second time period and before from when finishes in described very first time section or within described the second time period; And in the time initializing supply air temperature control device, consider this information.In this way, obtain the system of interrupting having in short-term better robustness to supply of electric power, reason be undershoot only start motion beginning time initiate, this is to identify by the appearance of many days before power-off periods, and if just operate with described very first time section or the controller state during the second time period at power down Time Controller, recover this controller state.
When the second sub-cooled oblique ascension state 505 completes, be that Tset_slave is while reaching Tset, in step 404, continue cooling with normal condition, wherein, within the remaining time of process, then supply air themperature Tsup is remained in this temperature (being Tset_slave=Tset) or near the expected range this temperature.This state only starts (step 502 in Fig. 7) in the condition declining and again becomes true time termination, and this conventionally will can not occur in same process.
Embodiment of above-mentioned algorithmic notation, and the variation of details that yes is possible.As example, can mention, can omit sub-cooled and keep step, then this can compensate by the slope slope that reduces to use in two sub-cooled oblique ascension states 503 and 505.In the case, two sub-cooled oblique ascension states even can use identical slope slope, make step 403 only comprise a sub-cooled oblique ascension state.The slope slope of using under this state can for example be determined according to measuring temperature, or can use the fixed ramp slope as advised in step 505 as advised in above step 503.
In another embodiment, measure the product temperature in transportation volume 45.Measurement products temperature reduces the uncertainty about actual product temperature to a great extent.Therefore, a lot of chances of simplifying become available.For example, can replace as follows the step 522 and 523 in Fig. 9: be less than or equal to Tset if the coldest measured product temperature becomes, forward step 503 to.Another example judges enter into the second sub-cooled oblique ascension state 505 from sub-cooled hold mode (step 504 Fig. 7) being, this is not only based on the elapsed time, the also the warmest product temperature based on measured, for example, enter into the second sub-cooled oblique ascension state 505 while being less than Tset+3 ℃ when the warmest measured product temperature becomes.
In other embodiments, the method can comprise: supply air themperature or its time average function are constrained to higher than minimum limit value; And pass in time and increase minimum limit.The advantage that supply air themperature or its time average function are applied to minimum limit is: this is not compulsory, and be only the possibility that temporary transient undershoot is provided during the Part I that starts motion, and in the time that product temperature approaches set point, reduce the possibility of undershoot by passing in time increase minimum limit subsequently.Whether the actual undershoot of carrying out is determined by other elements in temperature control.For example, the controller that the mean value of supply air themperature and return air temperature is controlled to the first temperature set-point only just requires the possibility of undershoot higher than the first temperature set-point in the situation that in return air temperature.
Although described and shown various embodiment of the present invention, the invention is not restricted to this, and this bright returning can be implemented in other modes in subject area defined in the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. the method that the temperature in refrigerated transport container (1) is controlled, described refrigerated transport container (1) at least comprises transportation volume (45), control module (7), and cooling space (41), and provide by one or more blower fans (10) of the air-flow of described cooling space (41), wherein, the air of the described cooling space of process is at least through being used for measuring the return air temperature sensor (5) of return air temperature (Tret), cooling unit (16), and for measuring the supply air temperature sensor (25) of supply air themperature (Tsup), wherein, described method comprises:
● control supply air themperature (Tsup) so that within the scope of near the preferred temperature of the temperature in described transportation volume (45) the first temperature set-point (Tset),
It is characterized in that, described method comprises:
● during the first finite time section, control (402) described supply air themperatures (Tsup) or its time average function to reach the temperature lower than described the first temperature set-point (Tset); And
● during the second finite time section after described very first time section, increase (403) described supply air themperatures (Tsup), make described supply air themperature (Tsup) or its time average function in the time that described the second time period finishes within the scope of described preferred temperature.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
● described supply air themperature (Tsup) or its time average function are controlled to supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave);
● during described very first time section, set described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) for value lower than described the first temperature set-point (Tset); And
● during described the second time period, increase described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave), make described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) in the time that described the second time period finishes, equal described the first temperature set-point (Tset).
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
● in master controller (203), determine described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) according at least one in the measured value of described the first temperature set-point (Tset) and described return air temperature (Tret) and described supply air themperature (Tsup); And
● from controller (207), described supply air themperature (Tsup) is controlled to described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave).
4. according to the method in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
● during the first sub-period of described the second time period, with the first slope by described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) from being increased to following median lower than the described value of described the first temperature set-point (Tset): described median is between the described value lower than described the first temperature set-point (Tset) and described the first temperature set-point (Tset); And
● during the second sub-period of described the second time period, with the second slope, described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) is increased to described the first temperature set-point (Tset) from described median;
Wherein, each slope in described the first slope and described the second slope is be scheduled to or calculate according at least one in the measured value of described the first temperature set-point (Tset), described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) and described return air temperature (Tret) and described supply air themperature (Tsup);
Be further characterized in that, described method comprises:
● described the second time period during the 3rd sub-period between described the first sub-period and described the second sub-period, described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) is remained on to described median.
5. according to the method described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, lower than the described predetermined value of described the first temperature set-point (Tset) also lower than near the described preferred temperature scope the first temperature set-point (Tset).
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
● described supply air themperature (Tsup) or its time average function are constrained to higher than minimum limit; And
● pass in time and increase described minimum limit.
7. one kind for controlling the system of temperature of refrigerated transport container (1), described refrigerated transport container (1) at least comprises transportation volume (45), cooling space (41) and providing by one or more blower fans (10) of the air-flow of described cooling space (41), wherein, the air of the described cooling space of process is at least through being used for measuring the return air temperature sensor (5) of return air temperature (Tret), cooling unit (16), and for measuring the supply air temperature sensor (25) of supply air themperature (Tsup), wherein, described system comprises control module (7), described control module (7) is configured to:
● control supply air themperature (Tsup) so that within the scope of near the preferred temperature of the temperature in described transportation volume (45) the first temperature set-point (Tset),
It is characterized in that, described control module (7) is configured to:
● during the first finite time section, control (402) described supply air themperatures (Tsup) or its time average function to reach the temperature lower than described the first temperature set-point (Tset); And
● during the second finite time section after described very first time section, increase (403) described supply air themperatures (Tsup), make described supply air themperature (Tsup) or its time average function in the time that described the second time period finishes within the scope of described preferred temperature.
8. system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described control module (7) is configured to:
● described supply air themperature (Tsup) or its time average function are controlled to supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave);
● during described very first time section, set described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) for value lower than described the first temperature set-point (Tset); And
● during described the second time period, increase described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave), make described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) in the time that described the second time period finishes, equal described the first temperature set-point (Tset).
9. system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described control module (7) comprising:
● master controller (203), described master controller (203) is configured to determine described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) according at least one in the measured value of described the first temperature set-point (Tset) and described return air temperature (Tret) and described supply air themperature (Tsup); And
● from controller (207), be describedly configured to described supply air themperature (Tsup) to control to described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) from controller (207).
10. system according to claim 8 or claim 9, is characterized in that, described control module (7) is configured to:
● during the first sub-period of described the second time period, with the first slope by described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) from being increased to following median lower than the described value of described the first temperature set-point (Tset): described median is between the described value lower than described the first temperature set-point (Tset) and described the first temperature set-point (Tset); And
● during the second sub-period of described the second time period, with the second slope, described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) is increased to described the first temperature set-point (Tset) from described median;
Wherein, each slope in described the first slope and described the second slope is be scheduled to or calculate according at least one in the measured value of described the first temperature set-point (Tset), described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) and described return air temperature (Tret) and described supply air themperature (Tsup);
Be further characterized in that, described control module (7) is configured to:
● described the second time period during the 3rd sub-period between described the first sub-period and described the second sub-period, described supply air themperature set point (Tset_slave) is remained on to described median.
11. according to the system described in any one in claim 7 to 10, it is characterized in that, lower than the described predetermined value of described the first temperature set-point (Tset) also lower than near the described preferred temperature scope the first temperature set-point (Tset).
12. according to the system described in any one in claim 7 to 11, it is characterized in that, described control module (7) is configured to:
● in the situation that there is no human intervention, determine whether that at least one index indicates temperature in described transportation volume apparently higher than described preferred temperature scope, wherein, described at least one index be before duration, scheduled time after described controller (7) starts of power-off period measure at least one function in measured return air temperature (Tret) and measured supply air themperature (Tsup); And
● only indicate temperature in described transportation volume apparently higher than described preferred temperature scope in described at least one index, just described supply air themperature (Tsup) or its time average function are reduced to the described temperature lower than described the first temperature set-point (Tset).
13. according to the system described in any one in claim 7 to 12, it is characterized in that, described control module (7) is configured to:
● in the time that described controller (7) starts, check controller state in the time that the period of switching on before finishes be described very first time section or the controller state in described the second time period and when the period of switching on before finishes from when in described very first time section or from when within described the second time period; And
● in the time initializing described supply air temperature control device, consider this information.
14. 1 kinds comprise the computer program of program code devices, and in the time moving described computer program on computers, described program code devices is for carrying out according to the step described in any one of claim 1 to 6.
15. 1 kinds of computer-readable mediums, code device has program stored therein on described computer-readable medium, in the time moving described program code devices on computers, described program code devices is for carrying out according to the method described in any one of claim 1 to 6.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/428,152 US8948920B2 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | Controlling temperature in a refrigerated transport container |
| EP12160941.6A EP2642227A1 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | Controlling temperature in a refrigerated transport container |
| EP12160941.6 | 2012-03-23 | ||
| US13/428,152 | 2012-03-23 | ||
| PCT/EP2013/054941 WO2013139640A1 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2013-03-12 | Controlling temperature in a refrigerated transport container |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113950603A (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2022-01-18 | 箭点系统有限公司 | Active responsive cryogenic treatment of refrigerated goods |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB2585680B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-08-04 | Maersk Line As | Reefer power control |
| GB2585679B (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2024-04-10 | Maersk Line As | Power control for a container vessel |
| EP4269913A1 (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-11-01 | Preket, S.L. | Machine for supercooling food and beverages at temperatures below zero degrees celsius without crystallization |
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| US5209072A (en) * | 1991-01-15 | 1993-05-11 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Refrigeration temperature control system |
| US5860594A (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-01-19 | Carrier Corporation | Method and apparatus for changing operational modes of a transport refrigeration system |
| US6058716A (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-05-09 | Carrier Corporation | Perishable product protection control system |
| WO2005047784A1 (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-05-26 | Be Intellectual Property, Inc. | Control system for an aircraft galley cooler |
| WO2011008649A2 (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2011-01-20 | Carrier Corporation | Transport refrigeration system, transport refrigeration unit, and methods for same |
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2013
- 2013-03-12 WO PCT/EP2013/054941 patent/WO2013139640A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-03-12 CN CN201380002924.9A patent/CN103797320A/en active Pending
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| US5209072A (en) * | 1991-01-15 | 1993-05-11 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Refrigeration temperature control system |
| US5860594A (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-01-19 | Carrier Corporation | Method and apparatus for changing operational modes of a transport refrigeration system |
| EP0924484A2 (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-06-23 | Carrier Corporation | Method and apparatus for changing operational modes of a transport refrigeration system |
| US6058716A (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-05-09 | Carrier Corporation | Perishable product protection control system |
| WO2005047784A1 (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-05-26 | Be Intellectual Property, Inc. | Control system for an aircraft galley cooler |
| WO2011008649A2 (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2011-01-20 | Carrier Corporation | Transport refrigeration system, transport refrigeration unit, and methods for same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113950603A (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2022-01-18 | 箭点系统有限公司 | Active responsive cryogenic treatment of refrigerated goods |
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