CN103794884B - A kind of method realizing reflector antenna wave beam two-dimensional scan - Google Patents
A kind of method realizing reflector antenna wave beam two-dimensional scan Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method realizing reflector antenna wave beam two-dimensional scan, each feed (6) in feed array is connected with power distributing network (2) by corresponding feed passage, and each feed passage includes amplifier (5), phase shifter (4) and attenuator (3)；The inventive method selects the duty of amplifier in feed passage by feeding regulating of channel fader, then the selection of excitation feed location and/or the weighting of feed amplitude are realized, can realizing in bigger angle scanning span, reflector antenna has higher aperture efficiency simultaneously；The phase weighting of antenna feed can be realized by feeding the phase place allotment of phase shifter in passage.The present invention can reduce the complexity of antenna feed system, improves the aperture efficiency of antenna；Making beam scanning capabilities more flexible, reliability is higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method realizing reflector antenna wave beam two-dimensional scan, belong to reflector antenna design field.
Background technology
As it is shown in figure 1, reflector antenna includes antenna reflective face 11 and feed array 12.Traditional mode being realized wave beam two-dimensional scan by reflector antenna is to adopt phased array feed that reflecting surface is fed, by spreading to the difference that the phase weighting of array element to be formed by reflecting surface in compensated scanning before feed battle array；Or adopt combination feed technology to be realized the change of feeding network by multiport matrix amplifier.Both the above mode or Antenna aperture are inefficient, or feed system is complicated, and can not realize wave beam when carrying out beam switchover by multiport matrix amplifier and scan continuously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is: provide a kind of method realizing reflector antenna wave beam two-dimensional scan；The complexity of antenna feed system can be reduced, improve the aperture efficiency of antenna；Making beam scanning capabilities more flexible, reliability is higher.
A kind of method realizing reflector antenna wave beam two-dimensional scan, each feed in feed array is connected with power distributing network by corresponding feed passage, and each feed passage includes amplifier, phase shifter and attenuator；Power distributing network passes sequentially through the phase shifter and is connected with amplifier with attenuator, or power distributing network passes sequentially through attenuator and is connected with amplifier with the phase shifter；Amplifier is connected with corresponding feed；The break-make selecting feed and/or the weighting of feed amplitude is regulated by feeding the attenuation of channel fader；The phase weighting of feed is realized by the adjustment of phase shifter phase-shift phase.
The switching of antenna beam is by encouraging different feed in feed array to realize, and the switching between adjacent beams is to be switched by the recursion of adjacent feed to realize.
Between adjacent beams during switching, the seriality of wave beam is realized by the phase place allotment of phase shifter in corresponding feed passage.
Form the number of feed of a wave beam be more than or equal to 1, and different number of feed between different beams, can be adopted simultaneously to work.
Described reflector antenna is single beam antenna or multibeam antenna.
The design principle of the present invention:
The formation of antenna beam is contributed maximum by the feed being placed on reflector antenna focus, but can not realize beam scanning；Wave beam forming is had bigger contribution by the feed being placed on reflector antenna focal plane, when feed off-focal, principle according to geometric optics, certain deviation (relative to feed when focus) will be there is in controlling antenna wave beam to point, when adopting many feeds to work, phase contrast in compensated scanning path is carried out, it is achieved the scanning of antenna beam by the phase weighting of feed.
When the amplitude excitation of amplifier in mouth reaches certain value, it is possible to exciting amplifier works, produce certain power output.When the excitation of input port is much smaller than this value, amplifier is not energized, and inactivity exports.When the level of drive meets the linear operation requirement of amplifier, it is possible to realized the control of output size by the adjustment of incoming level, then realize the amplitude weighting of feed.
The present invention compared with prior art has the beneficial effect that
1, feed feed system annexation is simple.With traditional reflector antenna encouraged by phased array feed or adopt combination feed technology to be realized feeding network change by multiport matrix amplifier design compared with feed system annexation simpler.
2, method used in the present invention, with adopt combination feed technology realized the method for beam scanning by multiport matrix amplifier compared with can realize wave beam and scan continuously, and feed system annexation is simple.
3, Antenna aperture is in hgher efficiency.The method that the phased array feed excitation reflector antenna pushed away before conventionally employed feed battle array realizes two-dimensional scan, after pushing away before feed, antenna beam broadening, aperture efficiency declines, and causes the aperture efficiency of whole antenna to decline.Increase along with scanning angle, it is desirable to the distance pushed away before feed array increases, feed scale increases, and Antenna aperture efficiency declines more serious.
4, wave beam controls more flexible.The method applied in the present invention, the attenuator in feed passage not only can control the break-make of feed, it is also possible to realizes the amplitude weighting of feed；Phase shifter in feed passage can realize the phase weighting of feed.The feed array with amplitude and phase weighting ability has higher beam designing motility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is reflector antenna composition schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the array-fed system connection diagram of feed；
Fig. 3 is feed array arrangement schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the position of reference wave beam feed；
Fig. 5 be wave beam to-Y direction scan time feed change；
Fig. 6 be wave beam to-X direction scan time feed change；
Fig. 7 be wave beam to-135 ° of scanning directions time feed change；
Fig. 8 is the two dimension ± 2 ° wave cover figure (being illustrated as 1/4 region) using the inventive method emulation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 2, the array-fed system of feed of reflector antenna includes multiple feed passage, power distributing network and amplifier in advance, each feed 6 in feed array is connected with power distributing network 2 by corresponding feed passage, and each feed passage includes amplifier 5, phase shifter 4 and attenuator 3；Power distributing network 2 passes sequentially through the phase shifter 4 and is connected with amplifier 5 with attenuator 3, or power distributing network 2 passes sequentially through attenuator 3 and is connected with amplifier 5 with the phase shifter 4；Amplifier 5 is connected with feed 6.The duty of amplifier in feed passage is selected by feeding regulating of attenuator in passage, then the selection of excitation feed location and/or the weighting of feed amplitude are realized, can realizing bigger angle scanning span, reflector antenna has higher aperture efficiency simultaneously；The phase weighting of antenna feed can be realized by feeding the phase place allotment of phase shifter in passage.The method adopting feed recursion, the use in conjunction with the phase shifter can realize scanning continuously of wave beam.
Switching between adjacent radiation wave beam is to be realized by the recursion switching radiating between feed, and concrete switching approach is the attenuation regulating amplifier front-end attenuator.
It is amplified the adjustment of device output by the regulable control of attenuator attenuation and realizes the amplitude weighting of feed；Feed phase weighting is realized by feeding the adjustment of passage phase shifter phase-shift phase.
For the antenna of pulsed operation system, wave beam conversion can be passed through to carry out feed switching between transmitting pulse and realize, and does not affect the seriality of wave beam.
Antenna for continuous wave working system, namely beam switchover adopts mode that feed replaces: need to participate in the feed work ahead (namely closing the corresponding attenuator feeding passage) of next Wave beam forming, after treating this part feed normal operation, unnecessary feed power-off (namely the corresponding attenuator feeding passage is opened).
Embodiment: according to as above thought, devising a kind of reflector antenna mixing two-dimensional scan, reflecting surface physics bore is the circular aperture antennas of diameter 26m, and antenna feed array is 143 feeds altogether, sweep limits two dimension ± 2 °, the feed array schematic diagram adopted is as shown in Figure 3.It should be noted that the arrangement mode of feed array is not limited to the rectangle rule arrangement shown in Fig. 3.
In order to make amplifier output efficiency maximum, below in design, the amplifier of each feed passage is all operated in saturated mode, and during the work of each feed, amplitude is all equal, and the weighting of change and phase place that wave beam change only relies on feed realizes.
Fig. 4 gives used feed when reference wave beam and beam position (0 °, 0 °)；The feed that Fig. 5 uses when giving beam position (0 ° ,-0.64 °), by the comparison of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 it can be seen that the translation of one unit occurs the feed entirety that wave beam (0 ° ,-0.64 °) uses to +Y direction.The feed that Fig. 6 uses when giving beam position (-0.58 °, 0 °), by the comparison of Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 it can be seen that the translation of one unit occurs the feed entirety that wave beam (-0.58 °, 0 °) uses to +X direction.The feed that Fig. 7 uses when giving beam position (-0.34 ° ,-0.45 °), by the comparison of Fig. 4 and Fig. 7 it can be seen that the translation of one unit occurs the feed entirety that wave beam (-0.34 ° ,-0.45 °) uses to+X and +Y direction.The like, it is possible to achieve antenna beam is in a range of two-dimensional scan.Fig. 8 gives the feed using full front 1/4 region, and wave beam is at X-direction (-2 °～0 °), the beam scanning coverage diagram in Y-direction (-2 °～0 °) region.
Following table give above-mentioned designing antenna beam position directivity factor and for Antenna aperture Efficiency Statistics result.
Table 1 antenna beam performance statistics table
By the statistical result of upper table it can be seen that adopt the reflector antenna of the inventive method design can realize two dimensional beam scanning, and in the sweep limits of ± 2 °, Antenna aperture efficiency is between 58%～70%.When adopting phased array feed reflector antenna to realize the sweep limits as above designed, the aperture efficiency of antenna is usually no more than 40%.Through more known employing method used in the present invention, while realizing antenna beam two-dimensional scan, substantially increase the aperture efficiency of reflector antenna.Reduce the system requirement to amplifier output power simultaneously.
If radiation feed adopts the mode of amplitude weighting and phase weighting in the design, it is possible to make Antenna aperture efficiency improve further, but now active system efficiency is subjected to certain loss.
The inventive method is applicable to Antenna aperture efficiency requirements is higher, that antenna beam control flexibility ratio is high reflector antenna design, has very strong practicality and the market competitiveness.
The unspecified part of the present invention belongs to general knowledge as well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. the method realizing reflector antenna wave beam two-dimensional scan, described reflector antenna includes antenna reflective face and feed array, and reflector antenna is the circular aperture antennas of diameter 26m, and feed array is 143 feeds altogether, sweep limits two dimension ± 2 °；It is characterized in that: each feed (6) in feed array is connected with power distributing network (2) by corresponding feed passage, and each feed passage includes amplifier (5), phase shifter (4) and attenuator (3)；Power distributing network (2) passes sequentially through the phase shifter (4) and is connected with amplifier (5) with attenuator (3), or power distributing network (2) passes sequentially through attenuator (3) and is connected with amplifier (5) with the phase shifter (4)；Amplifier (5) is connected with corresponding feed (6)；The break-make selecting feed (6) is regulated by feeding the attenuation of channel fader (3)；Realized the phase weighting of feed by the adjustment of the phase-shift phase of phase shifter, carry out phase contrast in compensated scanning path by the phase weighting of feed；
The switching of antenna beam realizes by encouraging different feed (6) in feed array, switching between adjacent beams is to be switched by the recursion of adjacent feed (6) to realize, and concrete switching approach is the attenuation regulating amplifier front-end attenuator；Between adjacent beams during switching, the seriality of wave beam is realized by the phase place allotment of phase shifter (4) in corresponding feed passage；
Form the number of feed (6) of a wave beam be more than or equal to 1, and different number of feed between different beams, can be adopted simultaneously to work；
The amplifier of each feed passage is all operated in saturated mode, and during the work of each feed, amplitude is all equal；
For the antenna of pulsed operation system, wave beam conversion realizes by carrying out feed switching between transmitting pulse, does not affect the seriality of wave beam；For the antenna of continuous wave working system, beam switchover adopts the mode that feed is replaced, it may be assumed that need to participate in the feed work ahead of next Wave beam forming, after treating this part feed normal operation, and unnecessary feed power-off.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described reflector antenna is single beam antenna or multibeam antenna.
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| CN104079330B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2017-11-21 | 北京计算机技术及应用研究所 | A kind of MIMO phased array antennas, system and its implementation |
| CN106716720B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2020-02-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system and beam control method |
| US9979082B2 (en) | 2015-08-10 | 2018-05-22 | Viasat, Inc. | Method and apparatus for beam-steerable antenna with single-drive mechanism |
| CN107592146B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2020-06-12 | 启碁科技股份有限公司 | Antenna control method and non-volatile computer-readable storage medium |
| CN109245802B (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2020-10-09 | 北京大学 | Satellite multi-beam forming network device for synthesizing tracking beam and beam forming method |
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| CN108987937B (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2020-12-29 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Method and device for designing bifocal shaped reflector antenna |
| CN109256619B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2021-04-09 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna assembly, antenna assembly control method and related product |
| CN110233359B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-05-05 | 四川大学 | Reflector antenna based on 3D printing technology |
| CN112242611A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-19 | 深圳市威富通讯技术有限公司 | High-gain short-wave intelligent antenna equipment |
| CN111970012B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-05 | 成都天锐星通科技有限公司 | Fan-shaped radio frequency network and radio frequency signal sending device |
| CN112952397B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-04-08 | 电子科技大学 | Novel millimeter wave communication antenna suitable for multipath transmission environment |
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| JP2000353912A (en) * | 1999-06-11 | 2000-12-19 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Phased array antenna device |
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