CN1037917C - Technique for smelting ferrochrome using powdered Cr ore reductive sintered blocks - Google Patents
Technique for smelting ferrochrome using powdered Cr ore reductive sintered blocks Download PDFInfo
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- CN1037917C CN1037917C CN 93102123 CN93102123A CN1037917C CN 1037917 C CN1037917 C CN 1037917C CN 93102123 CN93102123 CN 93102123 CN 93102123 A CN93102123 A CN 93102123A CN 1037917 C CN1037917 C CN 1037917C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a technique for smelting ferrochrome using the reductively sintered blocks of powdered chromium ore, which is used for the processing and the production of furnace charge in a metallurgical industry. The present invention adopts the powdered chromium ore, acidic material or silicate material, and coke powder as raw materials, and sintered chromium ore is prepared in a reductively sintering technique; the ferrochrome is produced by electric furnace smelting by using the sintered chromium ore as a raw material, celite or limestone as a fluxing agent and coke as a reducing agent, and the proportion of the raw material of the sintered chromium ore is 74 to 86 percent of the powdered chromium ore, 4 to 8.5 percent of the fluxing agent and 10 to 18 percent of the coke powder (by weight percent). In the present invention, qualified high-intensity sintered chromium ore is prepared by utilizing the cheap powdery chromium ore, material cost is reduced considerably and energy is saved.
Description
(＜the novel process that 5mm) replaces the refining of blocky chromium mining and metallurgy to produce ferrochrome through reductive sintered agglomeration mainly is applicable to the furnace charge processing of metallurgical industry and produces to the invention belongs to chrome ore fines.
Smelter requires raw material to adopt block material as far as possible so that control the working of a furnace and obtain the better economic technical indicator in producing the ferrochrome process.But China's chromium ore resource is relatively poorer, and a large amount of chromites needs from external import.In the international market, chrome ore fines is compared with the grade massive, and price is low about 20%, the powder chrome ore is carried out agglomeration add trade union and bring reasonable economic benefit to manufacturing enterprise.
Abroad to reducing roasting technology behind the general employing of the agglomeration processing cold conditions pelletizing of powder chrome ore.In recent years, domesticly carrying out powder chrome ore cold-pressing balls or group's technologies such as ball is fixed are carried out the agglomeration research of powder chrome ore.Do not form throughput as yet.Most producer that smelts is still with fine ore directly into stove, causes blast wandering capable, and consumption indicators rises.
The sintering method of the chrome ore of Japanese kokai publication sho 52-46317, adopt powdered lime, powdery fluorite and silica sand, it is added water mixing back use raw material as being sintered, but the flux in this method need adopt mineral to carry out grinding and processing, increased production cost, and fluorite produces the fluorochemical volatilization in sintering process, harmful operator's health, its sintering temperature height (1450～1500 ℃), ordinary sinter machine incompatibility in addition.In the spy opens the manufacture method of the superior chromium agglomerate of the thermal property of clear 53-12710, adopt rhombspar, but this method increase MgO in agglomerate as flux, unfavorable to the slag moulding, need higher sintering temperature, the energy consumption height.
Above-mentioned agglomeration method has the following disadvantages in varying degrees: (1) external agglomeration method, and one-time investment is big, and technical process is long, the medium-sized following electric furnace production of incompatibility.(2) domestic agglomeration method exists metallurgical intensity low, is difficult for reduction, production cost height, the problem that benefit is low.
The objective of the invention is to adopt reductive sintered technology to carry out agglomeration by reasonably combined to chrome ore fines and staflux.Make high strength prereduction sintering chrome ore as the ferrochrome raw materials for production directly into electrosmelting, improve the working condition of electrosmelting, reduce every consumption indicators, obtain good society and economic benefit.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
With powder chrome ore, acidity or silicates material, coke powder is raw material, adopts the reduction sintering process to make sintering chrome ore; With this kind sintering chrome ore is raw material, is flux with silica or Wingdale, and coke is that reductive agent carries out electrosmelting production ferrochrome.
In sintering process, most of Cr in the chromite
2O
3And Fe
2O
3By C and CO reduction and generate suboxide, owing in sintered material part flux is allocated into, reduced the acidic flux amount of allocating in the smelting process in reducing atmosphere, power consumption in the smelting process, burnt consumption descend, output increases thereby make.
Major technique feature of the present invention:
(1) on the batching of sintering chrome ore, most stafluxs employing industrial residues (dirt), its raw materials for sintering chrome ore fines can adopt the screen underflow of primary chrome ore, former fecula chrome ore, fine chrome mine etc.Flux can adopt: fly ash in electric power plant, acid material such as power plant's Water Quenching Slag, ground silica, river sand, diatomite and silicate cement etc.The collection powder can adopt the screen underflow of metallurgical coke or gas coke.
(2) on the sintering chrome ore proportion of raw materials, the reductibility in the time of considering to improve sintering guarantees fixed carbon more than 9.5%, and air quantity is controlled at 1000-1300m
3/ ton agglomerate is complementary, and improves sintering temperature as far as possible.Sintering chrome ore ternary basicity (CaO+MgO/SiO
2) should be controlled at 1.2～2.0, Cr
2O
3/ FeO is controlled at 3.1-4.0.
(3) adopt the liquid phase in the high-temperature reductibility sintering process acceleration of sintering process to form the raising sinter strength on sintering process, sintering temperature is controlled at 1250 ℃-1450 ℃.
(4) burn in the refining in the electric furnace smelting, suitably reduce the amount of allocating into of silica, because the prereduction of sintering process, the coke proportioning reduces 7%-10%, slag ternary basicity (CaO+MgO/SiO in the electrosmelting batching
2) be controlled at 1.2-1.6.The rate of recovery of Cr is greater than 90%.
Technical process of the present invention is:
Batching-batch mixing-sintering-agglomerate fragmentation-electrosmelting.
Now each operation is described below:
One, batching
The raw material of sintering chrome ore of the present invention is by powder chrome ore or fine chrome mine, flux, coke powder.Wherein flux can adopt fly ash in electric power plant, acid material such as industrial acid waste residue such as power plant's Water Quenching Slag or useless dirt and ground silica, river sand, diatomite and silicate cement such as Calucium Silicate powder, Magnesium Silicate q-agent, pure aluminium silicate etc.Useless coke powder after coke powder can adopt metallurgical coke or gas coke to sieve, granularity requirements less than 5mm, chrome ore fines granularity requirements less than 3mm.
(weight %) is as follows for the proportioning raw materials of sintering chrome ore: powder chrome ore or fine chrome mine both one of or both sum 74-86%, several combinations of above-mentioned flux material or one of them, 4-8.5%, coke powder 10-18%.
For the raw material based on fine chrome mine, its flux configuration proportion is: silicate cement account for flux total amount 50% or more than, other is with addition of acidic flux.
In the batching Chemical Composition of component (weight %) as table 1, table 2, shown in.
The Chemical Composition (weight %) of table 1 powder chrome ore, flux
| The composition component | Cr 2O 3 | EFe | CaO | MgO | SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | P |
| Fine chrome mine | 53.0～55.5 | 11.0～12.5 | 0.18～0.80 | 1.2～2.5 | 1.0～3.50 | 10.5～12.0 | 0.003～0.02 |
| The powder chrome ore | 43.0～53.0 | 10.0～13.5 | 0.45～1.20 | 9.0～22.5 | 2.10～11.50 | 7.00～12.00 | 0.008～0.02 |
| Flyash | 1.2～2.5 | 8.00～11.50 | 0.5～1.2 | 34.00～40.00 | 20.00～25.00 | 0.05～0.09 | |
| Power plant's Water Quenching Slag | - | 3.5～5.4 | 15.00～19.00 | 0.8～1.2 | 45.00～50.00 | 22.00～25.00 | 0.03～0.07 |
| River sand | 0.5～2.0 | 0.50～1.50 | 0.8～1.2 | 55.00～63.00 | 8.00～12.00 | 0.05～0.09 | |
| Ground silica | - | 0.50～1.50 | 0.5～1.0 | 90.00～99.00 | 0.80～1.20 | 0.02～0.05 | |
| Cement | - | 1.5～2.5 | 45.00～55.00 | 4.0～6.0 | 25.00～40.00 | 7.00～9.00 | 0.03～0.08 |
Table 2 coke powder chemical ingredients (weight %)
| Fixed carbon | Volatile matter | Ash content | Ash content composition (%) | |
| SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | |||
| 73～85 | 10～15 | 21.5～25.5 | 60.5～62.5 | 25.5～27.5 |
2. batch mixing
With the powder chrome ore for preparing according to the above ratio, flux, coke powder adds in the mixer, adds water 8～12% simultaneously, mixes then, carries out sintering for agglumeration after mixing.
(3) sintering
Compound spread carry out sintering in the agglomerating plant, sintering temperature is 1250 ℃-1450 ℃, and blast volume is 1000～1300 meters
3/ ton agglomerate in sintering process, because the increase of carbon content in the compound certainly will increase its reductibility, promotes Cr in the chrome ore
3+Reduction and Fe to low price chromium
3+To the reduction of low price iron, create conditions for electrosmelting is energy-saving and cost-reducing.
In sintering process, the ternary basicity of sintering chrome ore is controlled at 1.2～2.0.
Owing in sintered material, adopt acidic flux, in sintering process, form with pyroxene [CaO2 (MYFe) O (AlFe)
2O
33SiO
3] be the splicing phase mineral structure that glueds joint substrate, among the hole of the sub-picotite of pyroxene filling.Make like this and burn the metallurgical intensity raising of chrome ore, meet the electrosmelting requirement.
Sintering chrome ore main chemical compositions (weight %) is: CrO
340-43%, (the powder chrome ore is a raw material), or Cr
2O
345-49% (fine chrome mine is a raw material).∑Fe8.0～10.8％，MgO16～20％，CaO1-25％，Al
2O
36-11％，P0.01-0.02％，S0.02～0.06％。
The metallurgical physicals of agglomerate is: fall index (＞5mm)＞87%, tumbler index (＞5mm)＞78%, 1340 ℃ of softening beginning temperature, 1477 ℃ of end softening temperatures.Between the softened zone be 137 ℃.Sintering chrome ore yield rate 〉=60%.The chemical ingredients composition of gained agglomerate and every technical indicator of metallurgical physicals all meet the requirement of electrosmelting
(4) electrosmelting
Utilize prereduction agglomerate that above-mentioned explained hereafter goes out, be equipped with other chrome ore as the electrosmelting raw material.The granularity of sintering chrome ore is 6～80mm, and reductive agent adopts metallurgical coke, the fixed carbon of coke＞80%, and ash content＜14%, volatile matter＜2%, coke size is 6～40mm.Electrosmelting uses the minor amount of silicon masonry to be flux.
The ratio of components of electrosmelting (weight %) is: refining is tied chrome ore or arranged in pairs or groups with other chrome ore is 72%～81%, coke 15%～20%, silica or Wingdale 0.8%～8%, 1600 ℃-1750 ℃ of smelting furnace temperature controls, slag ternary basicity (CaO+MyO/SiO
2) being controlled at 1.2～1.6, slag iron is than 0.6～1.0.
The every technical indicator of electrosmelting is: melting electric consumption: 3360～3474kwh/t alloy, coke unit consumption: the 331-380kg/t alloy, and slag iron ratio: 0.5～0.95, the Cr rate of recovery＞90%.
The chemical ingredients of the plain ferrochrome of electrosmelting charcoal: Cr63-67%, Si1.0～2.5%, C8.0～8.5%, P≤0.03%.
The chemical ingredients of slag: C
2O:2.0～3.5% MgO35～39% Al
2O
320～25% SiO
226～30% Cr
2O
3＜5%.
In sum, distinguishing feature of the present invention: be to utilize cheap chrome ore fines through the prereduction sintering for agglumeration, make the high-strength sintered chrome ore of fine, replacement lump ore smelting chromium irons reduces material cost significantly and promotes saving energy and reduce the cost in the smelting process.
Embodiment:
1. the sintering of powder chrome ore
According to the chemical ingredients scope of each component of sintering chrome ore raw material of the present invention, the proportioning of each component and the sintering process parameter that sets.Carried out the sintering chrome ore sintering of three lot numbers.Table 3, table 4, table 5 are respectively the main chemical compositions of powder chrome ore, flux, coke powder.
The powder chrome ore that table 3 embodiment sintering chrome ore adopts
Main chemical compositions (weight %)
| The composition lot number | Cr 2O 3 | ∑Fe | CaO | MgO | SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | P |
| 1 | 55.50 | 12.29 | 0.18 | 12.8 | 1.66 | 11.11 | 0.003 |
| 2 | 52.55 | 12.66 | 0.45 | 10.32 | 2.16 | 11.34 | 0.008 |
| 3 | 43.37 | 8.34 | 0.90 | 21.52 | 10.4 | 7.26 | 0.010 |
Table 4 embodiment burns chrome ore employing flux
Main chemical compositions (weight %)
| The composition lot number | SiO 2 | CaO | MgO | Al 2O 3 | ∑Fe | P |
| 1 | 37.09 | 25.61 | 4.72 | 15.95 | 1.96 | 0.03 |
| 2 | 34.50 | 9.91 | 0.53 | 22.34 | 2.77 | 0.091 |
| 3 | 48.50 | 17.25 | 0.81 | 24.24 | 4.50 | 0.036 |
Table 5 embodiment sintering chrome ore adopts coke powder
Main chemical compositions (weight %)
| The composition lot number | Fixed carbon | Volatile matter | Ash content | S |
| 1 | 78.85 | 2.97 | 18.18 | 0.58 |
| 2 | 79.32 | 2.74 | 17.94 | 0.60 |
| 3 | 81.05 | 1.91 | 17.04 | 0.59 |
Chemical ingredients by above-mentioned each component is prepared burden in three batches, and the proportioning of three batches of batching each components is as shown in table 6, after three batch of materials prepare, adds mixer respectively, adds certain water (proportioning of water is the 8-12% of material amount) again.Spread the agglomerating plant sintering after mixing in three batches, the sintering process significant parameter is as shown in table 7.
Table 6 embodiment sintering chrome ore feed composition
Proportioning (weight %)
| The component lot number | Chrome ore fines | Flux | Coke powder |
| 1 | (77.50 fine chrome mine) | 8.20 cement: powder ball ash=1: 1 | 14.30 |
| 2 | 78.35 | 6.19 | 15.46 |
| 3 | 79.54 | 4.55 | 15.91 |
The sintering process parameter of table 7 example
| The project lot number | Sintering temperature ℃ | Blast volume rice 3/ ton agglomerate | Bed thickness mm | The vertical sintering speed millimeter/minute |
| 1 | 1407 | 1100 | 297 | 9.5 |
| 2 | 1334 | 1250 | 350 | 10.1 |
| 3 | 1429 | 1250 | 370 | 10.7 |
According to the chemical ingredients of the resulting three batches of agglomerate of above-mentioned sintering process and metallurgical physicals respectively shown in table 8, table 9.
Table 8 embodiment gained burns sintering chrome ore
Chemical Composition (weight %)
| The composition lot number | Cr 2O 3 | SiO 2 | CaO | MgO | ∑Fe | Al 2O 3 | P | S |
| 1 | 48.10 | 12.20 | 1.35 | 14.20 | 12.81 | 10.13 | 0.008 | 0.042 |
| 2 | 41.82 | 12.64 | 1.57 | 17.81 | 8.48 | 7.48 | 0.013 | 0.051 |
| 3 | 42.78 | 13.00 | 0.67 | 19.02 | 8.16 | 8.85 | 0.014 | 0.037 |
The metallurgical physicals of table 9 embodiment gained agglomerate
| The project lot number | Dropping strength 75mm % | Tumbler index 75mm % | Ternary basicity CaO+MgO SiO2 | Softening beginning temperature ℃ | End softening temperature ℃ | Cr 2O 3 FeO |
| 1 | 87.92 | 76.57 | 1.27 | 1453 | 1548 | 2.92 |
| 2 | 89.55 | 78.46 | 1.53 | 1449 | 1554 | 3.84 |
| 3 | 84.50 | 75.87 | 1.52 | 1506 | 1623 | 4.09 |
2. electrosmelting
Other chrome ore (be mainly used in adjust slag type) of allocating above-mentioned 3 batches of agglomerate that sinter into 30%-40% again promptly lump ore also but fine ore as raw material, with the coke is reductive agent, silica is that flux carries out electrosmelting, the agglomerate granularity is at 5～80mm, silica granularity 20～40mm, coke size is 8～40mm, in the electrosmelting process, tested the technico-economical comparison of three phases, electric furnace chromium Chrome metal powder composition, electric-furnace slag composition, the composition that corresponding three phases adds three batches of furnace charges is as shown in table 10, table 11 is the every technico-economical comparison of triphasic electric furnace, table 12, and table 13 is respectively the chemical ingredients of ferrochrome that electrosmelting produces and slag.
The composition (weight kg) of every batch of charging stock for electric furnace of table 10 embodiment
| Form lot number | Sintering chrome ore | India's fine ore | Coke | Silica |
| 1 | 250 | 200 | 104 | 7 |
| 2 | 270 | 180 | 98 | 6 |
| 3 | 300 | 160 | 96 | 5 |
The every technico-economical comparison of table 11 embodiment electric furnace
| The project lot number | Furnace transformer capacity KWA | The alloy qualification rate | Stokehold power consumption kwh/t | Slag iron compares t/t | Cr rate of recovery % | Coke unit consumption kg/t |
| 1 | 5000 | 100 | 3365 | 0.67 | 90.27 | 344 |
| 2 | 5000 | 100 | 3360 | 0.72 | 90.23 | 331 |
| 3 | 5000 | 100 | 3354 | 0.65 | 90.31 | 332 |
The plain ferrochrome composition (weight %) of table 12 embodiment charcoal
| The composition lot number | Cr | Si | P | C | S |
| 1 | 65.13 | 2.32 | 0.0228 | 8.22 | 0.017 |
| 2 | 64.83 | 1.24 | 0.0266 | 8.16 | 0.033 |
| 3 | 63.94 | 1.39 | 0.0234 | 8.12 | 0.024 |
Table 13 embodiment electric-furnace slag chemical ingredients (weight %)
| The composition lot number | CaO | MgO | Al 2O 3 | Cr 2O 3 | SiO 2 | CaO+MgO SiO 2 |
| 1 | 3.14 | 37.90 | 20.41 | 4.60 | 27.40 | 1.50 |
| 2 | 2.36 | 37.98 | 23.81 | 4.0 | 28.0 | 1.44 |
| 3 | 2.58 | 37.60 | 21.77 | 4.60 | 29.90 | 1.35 |
Claims (7)
1. one kind is carried out the technique for smelting ferrochrome using powdered Cr ore reductive sintered blocks of sintering for agglumeration smelting chromium irons to chrome ore fines, it is characterized in that with the powder chrome ore acidity or silicates material, coke powder are raw material, adopts the reduction sintering process to make sintering chrome ore; With this kind sintering chrome ore is raw material, is flux with silica or Wingdale, and coke is that reductive agent carries out electrosmelting production ferrochrome.
2. smelting chromium irons technology as claimed in claim 1, the proportioning raw materials (weight %) that it is characterized in that sintering chrome ore is: powder chrome ore or fine chrome mine both one of or both sums 74～86%, plant flux or several flux combination 4～8.5%, coke powder 10～18%.
3. smelting chromium irons technology as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that flux is fly ash in electric power plant, power plant's Water Quenching Slag, and ground silica, river sand, first-class acid material of diatom and silicate cement etc., coke powder can adopt the screen underflow of metallurgical coke or gas coke.
4. smelting chromium irons technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the sintering process that the main technologic parameters of control reducing atmosphere is: sintering temperature 1250～～1450 ℃, 1000～1300 meters of blast volume
3/ ton agglomerate, sintering chrome ore ternary basicity is 1.2～2.0.
5. as each described smelting chromium irons technology in the claim 1,2,3 and 4, it is characterized in that the powder chrome ore is the screen underflow of chrome ore, former fecula chrome ore, fine chrome mine.
6. smelting chromium irons technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that ferrochrome electrosmelting ratio of components (weight %) is: sintering chrome ore and other chrome ore collocation 72～81%, coke 15～20%, silica or Wingdale 0.8～8%.
7. smelting chromium irons technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the electrosmelting main technologic parameters is: the smelting furnace temperature control is at 1600～1750 ℃, slag ternary basicity 1.2～1.6, and slag iron is than 0.6～1.0.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93102123 CN1037917C (en) | 1993-03-02 | 1993-03-02 | Technique for smelting ferrochrome using powdered Cr ore reductive sintered blocks |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93102123 CN1037917C (en) | 1993-03-02 | 1993-03-02 | Technique for smelting ferrochrome using powdered Cr ore reductive sintered blocks |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1091779A CN1091779A (en) | 1994-09-07 |
| CN1037917C true CN1037917C (en) | 1998-04-01 |
Family
ID=4983964
Family Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93102123 Expired - Fee Related CN1037917C (en) | 1993-03-02 | 1993-03-02 | Technique for smelting ferrochrome using powdered Cr ore reductive sintered blocks |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103045854B (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2015-11-25 | 中国中化股份有限公司 | The pretreatment process of the chromium powder ore produced is smelted for ferrochrome |
| EA025907B1 (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2017-02-28 | Ототек Оюй | Metallurgical composition for the manufacture of ferrochrome |
| CN103060548B (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2014-05-07 | 重庆大学 | Method for sintering chromite powder recycled based on ferronickel smelting furnace slag |
| US20160244864A1 (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2016-08-25 | Kwg Resources, Inc. | Production of chromium iron alloys directly from chromite ore |
| CN104451131A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-03-25 | 山东鑫海科技股份有限公司 | Powder chrome ore reducing sintering agglomeration technique |
| CN105908061B (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2018-01-02 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of method for producing high carbon ferro-chrome |
| CN106500106B (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2019-06-07 | 中信锦州金属股份有限公司 | A method of detoxified using sintering technology leached-out chromium residue |
| CN114921648B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-06-23 | 山西太钢万邦炉料有限公司 | Method for producing high-silicon furnace burden ferrochrome by submerged arc furnace |
| CN115231847B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2023-05-23 | 辽宁天宝华瑞建材有限公司 | Cement chromium remover and preparation method thereof |
-
1993
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