CN103790632A - Subway shield tunnel segment structural stress visual warning device and operating method thereof - Google Patents
Subway shield tunnel segment structural stress visual warning device and operating method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield tunnel segment structure safety monitoring, and provides a subway shield tunnel segment structural stress visual warning device and an operating method thereof. The device comprises a structural stress sensor, a micro data acquiring device, a visual display terminal, a multi-channel data transmitting device and a safety warning device. By the aid of the device and the operating method, subway shield tunnel segment reinforcement stress values and concrete strain values can be acquired continuously, acquired results can be displayed in real time on the inner annular face of a segment to the detected to provide convenience to operators in a tunnel for observing in real time, real-time warning of segment stress can be realized in a manner of photochromic warning, requirements of grasping segment structure stress data information by the operators in the tunnel are met, and automatic safety warning is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to duct pieces of shield tunnel safety of structure monitoring technical field, be specifically related to the visual prior-warning device of a kind of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress and method of work thereof.
Background technology
Subway, as an important component part of urban public transportation system, is in a flourish stage at present, and its demand is also growing with each passing day.Shield construction is high with its automaticity, speed of application is fast, weatherproof, the features such as the impact of above ground structure and road traffic is less are widely used in subway construction field.
Due to the complexity of geological hydrology condition, there is certain risk in shield-tunneling construction.Shield launching, the construction that receives, passes through the important section such as ventilating shaft, service channel can cause the stressed variation in section of jurisdiction, cause segment deformation, and serious meeting causes Tunnel Gushing to gush sand even destroying in tunnel, catastrophic consequence occurs.The construction period to tunnel segment structure stress carry out long term monitoring and early warning, can effectively monitor the safety of tunnel structure, there is important engineering using value.In addition, the monitoring to tunnel segment structure stress within the operation phase, can provide foundation for the assessment of tunnel structure safety and stability.
Both at home and abroad for the monitoring of tunnel segment structure stress, the method for employing is mainly manual measurement and two kinds of methods of automatic monitoring at present.Manual measurement means are stresses in segments data to be gathered with Portable acquiring instrument by workman on schedule, again the data that collect are manually inserted in record sheet, finally the safety value of the data of record and initial setting up is compared to realize the monitoring to tunnel segment structure safety.Although this method is comparatively economical, can not realize continuous dynamic monitoring, thereby cause monitoring not in time in important section, brings the serious hysteresis to analysis, cannot accomplish in advance and mid-event control.In addition, manual measurement means are to be served as the main body of DATA REASONING by workman, and workman's misoperation may cause part monitored data invalid, thus the accuracy of impact to analysis.Automatic monitoring method is to utilize transmission cable, and the sensor of laying in section of jurisdiction is connected into ground adjuster, and judgement is stored and analyzed to adjuster, by sending into the service end main frame of ground control centre after data processing, by main frame to the data of collecting.Although this method has made up some defects of manual measurement method, as realize the continuous dynamic monitoring of tunnel segment structure, collection, the intellectuality of analysis means etc. of mass data, but still come with some shortcomings in actual applications: for the analysis of magnanimity monitored data be visually difficult to accomplish real-time synchronization, more can not be distributed at the construction field (site) to the personnel of all participations constructions these information very first times.
Therefore, invent a set of science, effectively tunnel segment structure stress visualizing monitor prior-warning device identification automatically, early warning and control shield tunnel construction and cause the security risk that tunnel segment structure STRESS VARIATION causes, there is important engineering significance and realistic price.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, the visual prior-warning device of a kind of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress and method of work thereof are provided, this device can gather subway duct pieces of shield tunnel reinforcement stresses value and concrete strain value in real-time continuous ground, on the one hand the result collecting is shown in real time on the inner ring surface of section of jurisdiction to be measured, so that operating personnel's real-time monitored in tunnel, adopt on the other hand the mode of photochromic early warning to realize the real-time early warning of stresses in segments, meet the requirement that staff in tunnel grasps tunnel segment structure stress data information in real time, and realize discretionary security pre-alarm.
The visual prior-warning device of a kind of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress of the present invention, comprises structural stress sensor, miniature data acquisition unit, visual display terminal, multi-channel data transmission equipment, safety early warning device.
Described structural stress sensor, comprises the type vibration wire reinforcement stresses meter and the concrete strain meter that are laid in section of jurisdiction to be measured, for the monitoring to inside, section of jurisdiction reinforcement stresses and concrete strain; This sensor is made up of vibratory string and circuit part, and take the functional relation between the signal of telecommunication and stress as basis, the induced potential of the generation of vibration different frequency by vibratory string carrys out reflect structure stress; Between described structural stress sensor and miniature data acquisition unit, realize wire communication;
Described miniature data acquisition unit, for frequency, the temperature data of Real-time Collection structural stress sensor; This device is by access port, signal acquisition module, comprise collection, data memory module, the data transmission module composition of frequency and temperature signal, realize the collection to sensor frequency data in low pressure scanning frequency excitation mode, realize the collection of temperature data by electric thermo-couple temperature module; Described small-sized data acquisition unit and visual display terminal are realized wireless telecommunications, realize wire communication with structural stress sensor;
Described visual display terminal, is made up of data processing module, memory module, LCDs and data transmission module; The frequency, the temperature data that send for reading in real time multiple miniature data acquisition units, and data are carried out to after-treatment obtain reinforcement stresses and two physical quantitys of concrete strain, physical quantity after treatment is carried out to scene demonstration in real time; Described visual display terminal and miniature data acquisition unit, multi-channel data transmission equipment, safety early warning device are realized wireless telecommunications;
Described multi-channel data transmission equipment, for receiving in real time the physical quantity such as stress, the strain data that visual display terminal transmits, and is finally aggregated into ground command center by the signal based on Zigbee wireless network communication protocol by fibre circuit; This device is made up of receive data by wireless module, data conversion module and fibre optic data transmission module three parts; Described multi-channel data transmission equipment and visual display terminal are realized wireless telecommunications;
Described safety early warning device, the physical quantity data message sending for reading in real time visual display terminal, then carries out real-time analysis judgement according to the early warning rule embedding, and realizes the early warning of different stage according to the light that analysis result sends different colours; This safety early warning device is made up of the signal receiving module connecting successively, signal processing module and light warning module; Described safety early warning device and visual display terminal are realized wireless telecommunications.
The output of described structural stress sensor is connected with miniature data acquisition unit, and miniature data acquisition unit is connected with visual display terminal, and the output of visual display terminal is connected with multi-channel data transmission equipment, safety early warning device.
The present invention also provides the installation and application of the visual prior-warning device of a kind of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress, comprises the following steps:
(1) choose section of jurisdiction, lay sensor at section of jurisdiction correct position, and reserved be used on the embedded box of drawing sensor external connection, carry out mark;
(2) section of jurisdiction to be measured in tunnel, complete assembled after, utilize the mark doing before, find the position of embedded box, the external connection of sensor is connected into miniature data acquisition unit, and miniature data acquisition unit is arranged in the embedded box with its formed objects, complete the collecting work of data;
(3) gather the information such as section of jurisdiction to be measured upper sensor numbering and type, miniature data acquisition unit numbering, sensor calculating parameter, and embed visual display terminal; On the inner ring surface of section of jurisdiction to be measured, be easy to the position that in tunnel, operating personnel checks, settle visual display terminal, complete after-treatment and the on-the-spot demonstration in real time of data;
(4) according to design document, early warning rule is set, safety early warning device is placed in by structural stress sensor embedded box, realize the photochromic early warning of tunnel segment structure stress;
(5) on the inner ring surface of section of jurisdiction to be measured, be easy to hang fixing position fixing multi-channel data transmission equipment is installed, the stress obtaining after visual display terminal is processed, the service center that strain data uploads to ground store and analyze, for after similar engineering reference is provided.
The present invention also provides the method for work of the visual prior-warning device of a kind of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress, and its method comprises the following steps:
(1) in tunnel, correct position is chosen section of jurisdiction to be measured, and the monitoring location of inside, definite section of jurisdiction, completes the laying of structural stress sensor in segment prefabricated process;
(2) section of jurisdiction to be measured is in tunnel after assembled completing, on the inner ring surface of section of jurisdiction to be measured, settle miniature data acquisition unit and safety early warning device, in the easily fixing visual display terminal of observation place installation of section of jurisdiction inner ring surface, and settle multi-channel data transmission equipment in the easy bearing of section of jurisdiction inner ring surface;
(3) structural stress sensor carrys out reflect structure stress by the induced potential of vibratory string generation of vibration different frequency;
(4) structural stress sensor external connection accesses in miniature data acquisition unit, and data acquisition unit is realized the collection to sensor frequency data in low pressure scanning frequency excitation mode, realizes the collection of temperature data by electric thermo-couple temperature module;
(5) data that visual display terminal is uploaded by wireless communication mode reading out data harvester, realize frequency temperature data to the conversion of stress or strain data more intuitively by embedded data processing module, and data processed result is presented in real time on the LCDs of display terminal outside;
(6) safety early warning device has embedded the early warning rule of prior formulation, receives through visual display terminal stress after treatment or strain data, and realize the Safety Pre warning of different stage by sending different lights with wireless mode;
(7) multi-channel data transmission device receives stress, the strain physical quantity data that visual display terminal transmits in real time, and the signal based on Zigbee wireless network communication protocol is finally aggregated into ground command center by fibre circuit;
The frequency acquisition of above-mentioned miniature data acquisition unit, visual display terminal receive data and screen-refresh frequency, safety early warning device read the frequency of visual display terminal uploading data, the frequency that multi-channel data transmission equipment reception conversion sends data, all consistent, realize data in the communication of the very first time of each equipment room, guaranteed real-time visual and early warning.
In technique scheme, the method flow that described sensor is laid is as follows:
The first step, according to the relevant feature of relevant works standard and subway tunnel shield construction, in the least favorable position in tunnel, as shield launching, reception place, pass through ventilating shaft place, service channel place, earthing thinnest part etc., selects section of jurisdiction to be measured;
Second step, treats test tube sheet and sets up FEM (finite element) model, and stressed under unfavorable operating mode carries out computational analysis to this tunnel segment structure to adopt the structural analysis instrument such as ANSYS, determines type, quantity and position that sensor is laid;
The 3rd step is laid type vibration wire reinforcing rib meter and concrete strain meter in segment prefabricated process; After section of jurisdiction to be measured reinforcing cage is propped, in the middle of the screw-thread steel that reinforcing rib meter is carried and reinforcing cage, main muscle welds, and forward places concrete strain meter in main muscle before concrete fills, and completes the laying of pre-buried sensor;
The 4th step, by sensor lead along section of jurisdiction main muscle colligation fix, and settle embedded box on the inner ring surface of section of jurisdiction to be measured, for drawing of structural stress sensor external connection.
In technique scheme, described visual display terminal message processing flow is as follows:
The first step is easy to the visual display terminal of position fixed in position of observing in tunnel on the assembled section of jurisdiction to be measured inner ring surface completing;
Second step, gathers the information such as section of jurisdiction to be measured upper sensor numbering, type, initial parameter, corresponding harvester numbering, and imports the data processing module of visual display terminal;
The 3rd step, visual display terminal receives according to certain hour frequency sensor frequency, the temperature data that miniature data acquisition unit collects;
The 4th step, data processing module in visual display terminal is identified data, identify numbering and type (reinforcement stresses meter, concrete strain meter) and the initial parameter of the corresponding sensor of data according to Acquisition Instrument numbering, automatically choose different physical quantities design formulas according to above-mentioned information and calculate, obtain stress value and the concrete strain value of reinforcing bar;
The 5th step, the LCDs of visual display terminal external surface shows in real time to physical data after treatment, the content showing comprises three of sensor numbers, stress value, strain value, the frequency that display screen refreshes is consistent with the frequency that the frequency acquisition of miniature data acquisition unit, visual display terminal receive data, realizes the real-time visual of data.
In such scheme, described photochromic method for early warning flow process is as follows:
The first step, according to relevant works standard, section of jurisdiction residing position, the sensor information such as position, the type of sensor in section of jurisdiction in tunnel, sets pre-alarm rule;
Second step, writes the early warning rule of setting up the signal processing module of safety early warning device;
The 3rd step, fixes safety early warning device other installation of the embedded box for drawing sensor external connection;
The 4th step, safety early warning device reads via visual display terminal physical data after treatment by certain frequency, then carries out real-time analysis judgement according to the early warning rule embedding;
The 5th step, if safety early warning device does not receive up-to-date data in certain hour section, can not send light;
The 6th step, if when the stress of actual measurement or strain value are less than or equal to absolute threshold, signal processing module can judge that now tunnel segment structure, in safer state, then triggers light warning module and sends green light to show safety;
The 7th step, if stress or the strain value of actual measurement are greater than absolute threshold, signal processing module can compare this measured value and design maximum:
(A), if measured value is not more than design maximum, triggers light warning module and send yellow light and carry out early warning prompting;
(B) if measured value is greater than design maximum, judge that now tunnel segment structure is in the hole, warning module can send red light and carry out pre-alarm.
Apparatus of the present invention and method thereof can effectively realize real-time visual monitoring and the pre-alarm of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress, for shield tunnel inside processing personnel provide first hand tunnel segment structure stress monitoring data, have ensured operating personnel's safety.Native system tool has the following advantages:
(1) high-frequency data collection: this device has adopted the data acquisition unit of high frequency acquisition, compared with traditional acquisition method, really realize the Real-time Collection of structure stress data, reduce the loss of data, for the enforcement of construction parameter adjustment, similar engineering, provide good data supporting;
(2) on-the-spot real-time visual monitoring: the visual display terminal adopting in this device, realize the visual demonstration at tunnel internal of stress, strain data, and its screen data refreshing frequency is consistent with the frequency acquisition of data acquisition unit, guarantee to show the real-time of data;
(3) alarm mode of outstanding early warning position: safety early warning device is placed in by embedded box, send different colours light according to different advanced warning grades, operating personnel can infer the section of jurisdiction of sending early warning information according to the other embedded box of safety early warning device, is convenient to the inquiry of early warning position;
(4) reduce taking of work plane: the miniature data acquisition unit that this device adopts, can directly be placed in embedded box, and realize wireless telecommunications between each main device, reduce the use of Wireline, thereby save to greatest extent the work plane in tunnel, avoided construction operation in tunnel to cause adverse effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of Shield-bored tunnels visual prior-warning device location diagram of tunnel segment structure stress of the present invention and information flow chart.
Fig. 2 is that the visual prior-warning device of a kind of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure of the present invention stress is arranged profile.
Fig. 3 is structural stress sensor distribution method flow chart in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is tunnel segment structure stress data visualization of presence display packing flow chart in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the photochromic method for early warning flow chart of tunnel segment structure in the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The visual prior-warning device of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress and method that the present invention proposes, the induced potential of the vibratory string generation of vibration different frequency by sensor carrys out reflect structure stress, adopt high-frequency low pressure scanning frequency excitation mode to realize the collection to sensor frequency data, realize the collection of temperature data by electric thermo-couple temperature module, realize the data exchange between each capital equipment with wireless communication mode, and visual display terminal will be embedded in data processing module, realizing the scene of physical quantity calculates and shows in real time, the light that finally sends different colours by safety early warning device is realized the pre-alarm of different stage.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides installation procedure and the standard of the visual prior-warning device of a kind of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress as follows:
(1) the on-the-spot installation code of formulation structural stress sensor, miniature data acquisition unit, visual display terminal, multi-channel data transmission equipment, safety early warning device.In the said equipment installation process, need the following standard of strict implement:
1, to handle with care to each equipment, disassemble, assemble and want conscientious, prudent;
2, when reinforcing rib meter welds, require the center line of main muscle and reinforcing rib meter connecting rod to align, and require to adopt symmetrical two bars of tying up to weld, the sectional area of tying up bar should be 1.5 times of left and right of structure reinforcing bars, the lap length of tying up the main muscle of bar and structure and connecting rod is all no less than 5 times of bar diameters, and adopts double welding;
3, while carrying out wiring between structural stress sensor and miniature data acquisition unit, the external protection of line is approximately peeled off 8cm left and right, and wire topping only need separate about 1cm, and wire is exposed;
4, when wiring, the equipment of holding steadily, in the time that wire is screwed into instrument joint, guarantee that wire can contact with joint well, must not twist too tightly simultaneously, prevents that breakdown from appearring in wire;
5,, after wiring completes, cover in time device housings;
6, each plant and instrument need be not affecting the normal operation of staff in tunnel and guarantee under the prerequisite of device security, choosing correct position installs fixing, wherein, visual display terminal is placed in the section of jurisdiction inner ring surface that the personnel that are easy to observe, multi-channel data transmission equipment is chosen and is easy to permanent position and installs, and miniature data acquisition unit, safety early warning device are fixed on the inner ring surface of section of jurisdiction to be measured;
7, to being difficult to the position of fixed equipment, can consider to customize steel plate, equipment is fixed on steel plate, then be wound on segment bolt with iron wire, realize fixing;
8, the power interface of each equipment adopts three core waterproof plugs, and cable adopts RVVP3*0.5 shielded power supply line, the dc source of access DC12V positive and negative 10%.
(2) in segment prefabricated process, lay type vibration wire reinforcement stresses meter and concrete strain meter; After section of jurisdiction to be measured reinforcing cage is propped, the screw-thread steel that reinforcing rib meter is carried and original reinforcing bar weld, and welding manner is for tying up bar weldering; Weld by above-mentioned standard, meanwhile, reinforcing rib meter is in the time of welding, and lock-on connection should be adjusted towards reinforcing cage inboard, section of jurisdiction, in order to avoid in patrix slip casting process, vibrating spear touches and causes damage; Before concrete fills, forward place concrete strain meter in main muscle, carry out fixation, complete the laying of pre-buried sensor; Carry out the file record work of sensor number.
(3) in tunnel, on the assembled section of jurisdiction to be measured inner ring surface completing, find embedded box position, chisel the shell of embedded box, find out sensor external connection; External connection is accessed to miniature data acquisition unit, the connection order of attention device internal interface; After wiring completes, antenna is received to the antennal interface place of harvester outside, to strengthen the effect of Wireless Data Transmission; To harvester energising, now should be noted the interface order of three core waterproof plugs; Complete after energising, if the indicator lamp of harvester outside lights, illustrate and connect electricity success, this device can be fixedly mounted in embedded box; Carry out the recording of information file work such as section of jurisdiction to be measured upper sensor numbering, type, initial parameter, corresponding harvester numbering.
(4) choose section of jurisdiction to be measured and be easy to the position that tunneling personnel observe, carry out the installation of visual display terminal and fix; By the sensor number in domain section of jurisdiction to be measured, type, initial parameter, harvester number information, embed accordingly the data processing module of visual display terminal, so that visual display terminal is to receiving identification and the classified calculating of data; At the antennal interface access antenna of device external, to strengthen wireless telecommunications effect; Give visual display terminal energising, note the interface order of three core waterproof plugs, after completing, if the display screen of device external lights, illustrate and connect electricity success.
(5) choose section of jurisdiction to be measured and be easy to hard-wired position, carry out the fixed in position of multi-channel data transmission equipment; At antennal interface access antenna, to strengthen wireless telecommunications effect; To transmission equipment energising, note the interface order of three core waterproof plugs, after completing, if device interior indicator lamp lights, illustrate and connect electricity success; Cover in time device housings.
(6), by the data processing module of the early warning rule embedding safety early warning device pre-establishing, note the one-to-one relationship of section of jurisdiction to be measured and safety early warning device; At the other fixed installation of structural stress sensor embedded box safety early warning device, and to device energising, if prior-warning device indicator lamp lights, illustrate and connect electricity success.
(7) after miniature data acquisition unit installation, wait for approximately 5 minutes, if can hear, ticktack explanation device is carrying out low pressure scanning frequency excitation, also with regard to indication device in normal work, need each wiring of testing fixture whether correct if do not have sound to send, if wiring correctly needs to change miniature data acquisition unit, by original device depot repair; After visual display terminal installation, wait for approximately 5 minutes, after screen to be shown refreshes, observe on display screen and whether data show; If according to the show countless, first check that as stated above whether miniature data acquisition unit is normal, if normal, illustrate that visual display terminal is out of order, Ying Fan factory keeps in repair; All under normal prerequisite, illustrate that multi-channel data transmission equipment be out of order if ground service center does not receive data at miniature data acquisition unit and visual display terminal, lay equal stress on after link in inspection, still can not recover, answer depot repair; Safety early warning device, in the situation that exceeding 5 minutes and not receiving data, can stop sending light, checks that whether it is normal, also at specified data harvester and visual display terminal all under normal prerequisite.
A kind of Shield-bored tunnels section of jurisdiction sensor distribution method is as shown in Figure 3 as follows:
(1) according to the relevant feature of relevant works standard and subway tunnel shield construction, choose section of jurisdiction to be measured in the important section of subway tunnel, wherein tunnel is selected shield launching, is passed through 7 place's sections such as ventilating shaft district, lower slope section, service channel, earthing thinnest part, the reception of shield structure in advance, and rear row tunnel selects lower slope section, service channel shield structure to receive 3 place's sections.
(2) treat test tube sheet and set up FEM (finite element) model, stressed under unfavorable operating mode carries out computational analysis to this tunnel segment structure to adopt the structural analysis instrument such as ANSYS, determines type, quantity and position that sensor is laid.
In each section, select each one of A piece and B piece section of jurisdiction and bury respectively 1 concrete strain meter underground, in A, B, K piece section of jurisdiction, respectively bury 1 reinforcement stresses meter underground.Wherein concrete strain meter is laid along the tangential direction of ring, and middle part, every section of jurisdiction of reinforcement stresses meter is laid on interior placing of reinforcement.
(3) in segment prefabricated process, lay type vibration wire reinforcement stresses meter and concrete strain meter; After section of jurisdiction to be measured reinforcing cage is propped, the screw-thread steel that reinforcing rib meter is carried and original reinforcing bar weld, and welding manner is for tying up bar weldering; When reinforcing rib meter welds, require the center line of main muscle and reinforcing rib meter connecting rod to align, and require to adopt symmetrical two bars of tying up to weld, the sectional area of tying up bar should be 1.5 times of left and right of structure reinforcing bars, the lap length of tying up the main muscle of bar and structure and connecting rod is all no less than 5 times of bar diameters, and adopts double welding; Meanwhile, reinforcing rib meter is in the time of welding, and lock-on connection should be adjusted towards reinforcing cage inboard, section of jurisdiction, in order to avoid in patrix slip casting process, vibrating spear touches and causes damage.Carry out sensor number and corresponding section of jurisdiction number of rings, the writing task of section of jurisdiction type.。
Before concrete fills, forward place concrete strain meter in main muscle, carry out fixation and record file work, complete the laying of pre-buried sensor.
(4) by sensor lead along section of jurisdiction main muscle colligation fix, and settle embedded box on the inner ring surface of section of jurisdiction to be measured, for drawing of structural stress sensor external connection, and carry out mark to embedded box, convenient after identification to sensor.
A kind of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress data visualization of presence display packing is as shown in Figure 4 as follows:
(1), according to above-mentioned mounting method, complete the installation steady job of visual display terminal.
(2) gather the information such as section of jurisdiction to be measured upper sensor numbering, type, initial parameter, corresponding harvester numbering, embed accordingly the data processing module of visual display terminal, so that visual display terminal is to receiving identification and the classified calculating of data.
(3) visual display terminal receives with every 5 minutes frequencies once sensor frequency, the temperature data that miniature data acquisition unit collects.
(4) data processing module in visual display terminal is identified data, identify numbering and the type (reinforcement stresses meter, concrete strain meter) of the corresponding sensor of data and extract initial parameter according to Acquisition Instrument numbering, automatically choose different physical quantities design formulas according to above-mentioned information and calculate, obtain stress value and the concrete strain value of reinforcing bar.Its design formulas is as follows:
Reinforcement stresses:
f=AR 1 2 + BR 1 + C+K (T 1 -T 0 )
Concrete strain:
μ ε=AR 1 2 + BR 1 + C
Wherein, R
1for modulus, equal frequency
2/ 1000, the HZ of unit, frequency data provide in sensor measured data storage list;
T
1for observed temperature, unit ℃ provides in sensor measured data storage list;
T
ofor initial temperature, unit ℃, records before sensor dispatches from the factory, and is set-point;
K is that temperature is adjusted coefficient, and the kN/ ℃ of unit, is set-point;
A, B, C are the calculating parameter of multinomial formula, record set-point before sensor dispatches from the factory.
(5) LCDs of visual display terminal external surface shows in real time to physical data after treatment, the content showing comprises three of sensor numbers, stress value, strain value, the frequency that display screen refreshes is consistent with the frequency that the frequency acquisition of miniature data acquisition unit, visual display terminal receive data, be all every 5 minutes once, realize the real-time visual of data.
The photochromic method for early warning of a kind of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure as shown in Figure 5, as follows:
(1), according to relevant works standard, section of jurisdiction residing position, the sensor information such as position, the type of sensor in section of jurisdiction in tunnel, set pre-alarm rule.Wherein the index of early warning comprises two of absolute threshold and design maximum, and definitely threshold and design maximum have following relation of equal quantity:
Definitely threshold=80% design maximum
(2) the early warning rule of setting up is write to the signal processing module of safety early warning device.
(3) fix safety early warning device other installation of the embedded box for drawing sensor external connection.
(4) safety early warning device reads once via visual display terminal physical data after treatment for every 5 minutes, then carries out real-time analysis judgement according to the early warning rule embedding.
(5) if safety early warning device does not receive up-to-date data in 5 minutes, can not send light.
(6) if when the stress of actual measurement or strain value are less than or equal to absolute threshold, signal processing module can judge that now tunnel segment structure, in safer state, then triggers light warning module and sends green light to show safety.
(7) if stress or the strain value of actual measurement are greater than absolute threshold, signal processing module can compare this measured value and design maximum: if measured value is not more than design maximum, triggers light warning module and send yellow light and carry out early warning prompting; If measured value is greater than design maximum, judge that now tunnel segment structure is in the hole, warning module can send red light and carry out pre-alarm.
Claims (5)
1. the visual prior-warning device of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress, is characterized in that: comprise structural stress sensor, miniature data acquisition unit, visual display terminal, multi-channel data transmission equipment, safety early warning device;
Described structural stress sensor, comprises the type vibration wire reinforcement stresses meter and the concrete strain meter that are laid in section of jurisdiction to be measured, for inside, section of jurisdiction reinforcement stresses and concrete strain are monitored; This sensor is made up of vibratory string and circuit part, and take the functional relation between the signal of telecommunication and stress as basis, the induced potential of the generation of vibration different frequency by vibratory string carrys out reflect structure stress; Between described structural stress sensor and miniature data acquisition unit, realize wire communication;
Described miniature data acquisition unit, for frequency, the temperature data of Real-time Collection structural stress sensor; This device is by access port, signal acquisition module, the collection, data memory module, the data transmission module that comprise frequency and temperature signal connect to form successively, realize the collection to sensor frequency data in low pressure scanning frequency excitation mode, realize the collection of temperature data by electric thermo-couple temperature module; Described miniature data acquisition unit and visual display terminal are realized wireless telecommunications, realize wire communication with structural stress sensor;
Described visual display terminal, is made up of data processing module, memory module, LCDs and data transmission module; The frequency, the temperature data that send for reading in real time multiple miniature data acquisition units, and data are carried out to after-treatment obtain reinforcement stresses or two physical quantitys of concrete strain, physical quantity after treatment is carried out to scene demonstration in real time; Described visual display terminal and miniature data acquisition unit, multi-channel data transmission equipment, safety early warning device are realized wireless telecommunications;
Described multi-channel data transmission equipment, for receiving in real time stress, the strain physical quantity data that visual display terminal transmits, and is finally aggregated into ground command center by the signal based on Zigbee wireless network communication protocol by fibre circuit; This device is connected to form successively by receive data by wireless module, data conversion module and fibre optic data transmission module three parts; Described multi-channel data transmission equipment and visual display terminal are realized wireless telecommunications;
Described safety early warning device, the physical quantity data message sending for reading in real time visual display terminal, carries out real-time analysis judgement according to the early warning rule embedding, and realizes the early warning of different stage according to the light that analysis result sends different colours; This safety early warning device is made up of the signal receiving module connecting successively, signal processing module and light warning module; Described safety early warning device and visual display terminal are realized wireless telecommunications;
The output of described structural stress sensor is connected with miniature data acquisition unit, and miniature data acquisition unit is connected with visual display terminal, and the output of visual display terminal is connected with multi-channel data transmission equipment, safety early warning device.
2. a method of work for the visual prior-warning device of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) in tunnel, correct position is chosen section of jurisdiction to be measured, and the monitoring location of inside, definite section of jurisdiction, completes the laying of structural stress sensor in segment prefabricated process;
(2) section of jurisdiction to be measured is in tunnel after assembled completing, on the inner ring surface of section of jurisdiction to be measured, settle miniature data acquisition unit and safety early warning device, in the easily fixing visual display terminal of observation place installation of section of jurisdiction inner ring surface, and settle multi-channel data transmission equipment in the easy bearing of section of jurisdiction inner ring surface;
(3) structural stress sensor carrys out reflect structure stress by the induced potential of vibratory string generation of vibration different frequency;
(4) structural stress sensor external connection accesses in miniature data acquisition unit, and data acquisition unit is realized the collection to sensor frequency data in low pressure scanning frequency excitation mode, realizes the collection of temperature data by electric thermo-couple temperature module;
(5) data that visual display terminal is uploaded by wireless communication mode reading out data harvester, realize frequency temperature data to the conversion of stress or strain data more intuitively by embedded data processing module, and data processed result is presented in real time on the LCDs of display terminal outside;
(6) safety early warning device has embedded the early warning rule of prior formulation, receives through visual display terminal stress after treatment or strain data, and realize the Safety Pre warning of different stage by sending different lights with wireless mode;
(7) multi-channel data transmission device receives stress, the strain physical quantity data that visual display terminal transmits in real time, and the signal based on Zigbee wireless network communication protocol is finally aggregated into ground command center by fibre circuit;
The frequency acquisition of above-mentioned miniature data acquisition unit, visual display terminal receive data and screen-refresh frequency, safety early warning device read the frequency of visual display terminal uploading data, the frequency that multi-channel data transmission equipment reception conversion sends data, all consistent, realize data in the communication of the very first time of each equipment room, guaranteed real-time visual and early warning.
3. the method for work of the visual prior-warning device of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress according to claim 2, is characterized in that the method flow of described sensor laying is as follows:
The first step, according to the feature of engineering discipline and subway tunnel shield construction, in the least favorable position in tunnel, i.e. shield launching, reception place, passes through ventilating shaft place, service channel place, earthing thinnest part, selects section of jurisdiction to be measured;
Second step, treats test tube sheet and sets up FEM (finite element) model, and stressed under unfavorable operating mode carries out computational analysis to this tunnel segment structure to adopt ANSYS structural analysis instrument, determines type, quantity and position that sensor is laid;
The 3rd step is laid type vibration wire reinforcement stresses meter and concrete strain meter in segment prefabricated process; After section of jurisdiction to be measured reinforcing cage is propped, in the middle of the screw-thread steel that reinforcement stresses meter is carried and reinforcing cage, main muscle welds, and forward places concrete strain meter in main muscle before concrete fills, and completes the laying of pre-buried sensor;
The 4th step, by type vibration wire reinforcement stresses meter and concrete strain meter lead-in wire along section of jurisdiction main muscle colligation fix, and settle embedded box on the inner ring surface of section of jurisdiction to be measured, for drawing of structural stress sensor external connection.
4. the method for work of the visual prior-warning device of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress according to claim 2, is characterized in that described visual display terminal message processing flow is as follows:
The first step is easy to the visual display terminal of position fixed in position of observing in tunnel on the assembled section of jurisdiction to be measured inner ring surface completing;
Second step, gathers the miniature data acquisition unit number information of section of jurisdiction to be measured upper sensor numbering, type, initial parameter, correspondence, and imports the data processing module of visual display terminal;
The 3rd step, visual display terminal receives according to certain hour frequency sensor frequency, the temperature data that miniature data acquisition unit collects;
The 4th step, data processing module in visual display terminal is identified data, identify numbering and type and the initial parameter of the corresponding sensor of data according to Acquisition Instrument numbering, automatically choose different physical quantities design formulas according to above-mentioned information and calculate, obtain stress value and the concrete strain value of reinforcing bar;
The 5th step, the LCDs of visual display terminal external surface shows in real time to physical data after treatment, the content showing comprises three of sensor numbers, stress value, strain value, the frequency that display screen refreshes is consistent with the frequency that the frequency acquisition of miniature data acquisition unit, visual display terminal receive data, realizes the real-time visual of data.
5. the method for work of the visual prior-warning device of Shield-bored tunnels tunnel segment structure stress according to claim 2, is characterized in that described photochromic method for early warning flow process is as follows:
The first step, according to relevant works standard, section of jurisdiction residing position, the sensor position in section of jurisdiction, the type information of sensor in tunnel, sets pre-alarm rule; Wherein the index of early warning comprises two of absolute threshold and design maximum, and definitely threshold and design maximum have following relation of equal quantity: definitely threshold=80% design maximum;
Second step, writes the early warning rule of setting up the signal processing module of safety early warning device;
The 3rd step, fixes safety early warning device other installation of the embedded box for drawing sensor external connection;
The 4th step, safety early warning device reads via visual display terminal physical data after treatment by certain hour frequency, then carries out real-time analysis judgement according to the early warning rule embedding;
The 5th step, if safety early warning device does not receive up-to-date data in certain hour section, can not send light;
The 6th step, if when the stress of actual measurement or strain value are less than or equal to absolute threshold, signal processing module can judge that now tunnel segment structure, in safer state, then triggers light warning module and sends green light to show safety;
The 7th step, if stress or the strain value of actual measurement are greater than absolute threshold, signal processing module can compare this measured value and design maximum:
(A), if measured value is not more than design maximum, triggers light warning module and send yellow light and carry out early warning prompting;
(B) if measured value is greater than design maximum, judge that now tunnel segment structure is in the hole, warning module can send red light and carry out pre-alarm.
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