CN103788619B - A kind of polyaryletherketone nano composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of polyaryletherketone nano composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN103788619B
CN103788619B CN201410027038.8A CN201410027038A CN103788619B CN 103788619 B CN103788619 B CN 103788619B CN 201410027038 A CN201410027038 A CN 201410027038A CN 103788619 B CN103788619 B CN 103788619B
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polyaryletherketone
composite material
nano composite
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difluoro benzophenone
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CN103788619A (en
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李云涛
赵春霞
李辉
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Sichuan Tiance polymer material science and Technology Co Ltd
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Southwest Petroleum University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of polyaryletherketone nano composite material and preparation method thereof, this polyaryletherketone nano composite material is by 0.2 ~ 20 weight part Nano filling, 100 weight parts 4, 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride, with 4, the phenolic monomers of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount or phenyl ether monomer are prepared from by in-situ polycondensation reaction, described Nano filling is laminated expanded graphite, Graphene, graphene oxide or fluorographite, described phenolic monomers is Pyrogentisinic Acid, xenol, dihydroxyphenyl propane, adjacent methyl hydroquinone or 3, 3 ˊ, 5, 5 '-tetramethyl biphenyl diphenol.This polyaryletherketone nano composite material not only has good thermomechanical property and corrosion resistance nature, there is high-wear resistance simultaneously, be suitable for the moulding processs such as injection, mold pressing, and can the severe condition service requirementss such as High Temperature High Pressure be met, its preparation method principle is reliable, and technique is simple, easy to operate, be easy to control, and non-toxic by-products, there are wide market outlook.

Description

A kind of polyaryletherketone nano composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel polyaryletherketone nano composite material and preparation method thereof, belong to high performance polymer material and preparation field thereof.
Technical background
Polyaryletherketone is a class phenylene ring by the polymkeric substance of ehter bond and carbonyl link, different with ratio from phenyl ring link orders in ehter bond in molecular chain, ketone group, can form the polymkeric substance kinds such as polyetherketone, polyether-ether-ketone, PEKK and polyetherketoneetherketoneketone.In polyaryletherketone series product, in molecular chain ehter bond and ketone group ratio lower, melting point polymer and second-order transition temperature higher.Polyetherketone second-order transition temperature is 165 DEG C, fusing point 365 DEG C; Polyether-ether-ketone second-order transition temperature (T g) and fusing point be respectively 143 DEG C and 334 DEG C, load heat-drawn wire is up to 316 DEG C, and life-time service temperature is 260 DEG C, and instantaneous use temperature can reach 300 DEG C.Rigidity phenyl ring in polyaryletherketone molecular structure and flexible ether linkage give the advantages such as the excellent resistance to elevated temperatures of polyaryletherketone, mechanical property and chemicals-resistant corrosion.Polyaryletherketone can adopt the working method of thermoplastic engineering plastic to carry out forming process.The over-all properties of polyaryletherketone excellence makes it be widely used in the fields such as automobile, aerospace and the energy.Along with industrial technology development, in practical application, had higher requirement to the over-all properties of material, as traditional bearing plastic material etc. not only requires that material has good chemical resistance and good mechanical property, material frictional coefficient requirement at normal temperatures simultaneously reaches less than 0.12.Though pure polyaryletherketone can meet corrosion-resistant and requirement that is mechanical property, its frictional coefficient is higher, is difficult to meet wear resisting property requirement.In polyaryletherketone kind, polyether-ether-ketone has relatively better self-lubricating property, and its frictional coefficient is 0.4, far can not meet the requirement of industrial application to material wear-resistant performance.Improve polyaryletherketone wear resisting property and can expand polyaryletherketone range of application, the defect of metallic substance when high-temperature high-pressure corrosion resisting environmental applications can be made up.
For widening the range of application of polyaryletherketone further, the research improving its tribological property is urgently carried out, and has done a large amount of research work both at home and abroad in this field.At present, the method improving polyaryletherketone crocking resistance is mainly by polymkeric substance (JournalofAppliedPolymerScience, 2011, the 124:4612-4619 of polyaryletherketone and low-friction coefficient; Wear, 2010,269:278-284; MaterialScience, 2012,47:6436-6443), inorganic particulate (investigation of materials journal, 2008,22:26-30; Wear, 2011,271:2222-2229; TribologyInternational, 2010,43:1430-1437; Aerospace material technique, 2005,2:18-21) or carbon fiber (Wear, 2007,262:220-224; Wear, 2011 (270): 737-741; Surface & CoatingsTechnology, 2011,205:2994-3005) etc. carry out physical blending, with reach reduce frictional coefficient and reduce wearing and tearing object.PanG.L. (Wear, 2009,266:1208-1215) are waited to have studied Al 2o 3nanoparticle is on the impact of polyaryletherketone (polyether-ether-ketone) Fretting.Work as Al 2o 3when particle diameter is 15nm, addition is 5wt%, polyether-ether-ketone worn-out surface amasss minimum (0.503mm 2), and friction surface is comparatively smooth, and polishing scratch is more shallow and do not have abrasive dust.GoyalR.K. wait (Wear, 2012,296:681-692) to prepare polyaryletherketone (polyether-ether-ketone)/Al 2 O 3 composition, and be 1.0m/s at gliding cable structure, contact pressure is the frictional behaviour that have studied material under the condition of 0.5 to 1.25MPa.But too much nanoparticle can make material surface stiffness too high, makes frictional coefficient increase, and also can hinder the generation of friction surface traveling films, cause increased wear simultaneously.Carbon fiber is in polyaryletherketone matrix; bear body mainly as load to exist; the load reduction that polyaryletherketone matrix can be subject to; reduce the direct contact pressure of polyaryletherketone and friction surface; thus reduce wearing and tearing; reach the object (aerospace material technique, 2005, the 2:22-25 that improve polyaryletherketone wear resisting property; Wear, 2010,268:871-876; SyntheticLubrication, 2007,24:149-166).But the interface compatibility of fiber and polymeric matrix is poor, meanwhile, fiber stiffness is higher, and the fibroplastic hard abrasive particle of friction process Fracture can cause larger scraping wearing and tearing to polymer surfaces.Pre-treatment is carried out to fiber, the interface compatibility of fiber and polyether-ether-ketone can be improved to a certain extent, improve fiber to the improvement situation of polyether-ether-ketone wear resisting property.The low-friction coefficient polymkeric substance such as tetrafluoroethylene can reduce polyaryletherketone frictional coefficient, but polymer machinery intensity can be made significantly to reduce, and affect materials application.
At present, improve the method for polyaryletherketone wear resisting property, still be confined to polyaryletherketone and other low-friction coefficient filler physical blending, although polyaryletherketone frictional behaviour can be improved to a certain extent, inherently cannot solve the two-phase laminated flow problem between polyaryletherketone and filler, make low-friction coefficient filler improve polyaryletherketone frictional behaviour and there is drawback.The present invention adopts lamellar graphite base Nano filling and the phenolic monomers and 4 with favorable lubricating property, 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride in-situ polycondensation prepare novel polyaryletherketone nano composite material, from polymer texture, Nano filling and polymkeric substance is made to reach molecularly dispersed structure.Owing to having very strong interaction force between polymer molecule and Nano filling, store after nano composite material and there will not be two-phase laminated flow phenomenon in use procedure, ensureing material usability.The raising that this research method and experimental result can be other polymer performance provides theoretical reference and method of thinking.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of polyaryletherketone nano composite material, not only there is good thermomechanical property and corrosion resistance nature, there is high-wear resistance simultaneously, can at life-time service under severe rugged environment.
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method providing above-mentioned polyaryletherketone nano composite material, principle is reliable, and technique is simple, easy to operate, is easy to control, and non-toxic by-products, there are wide market outlook.
For reaching above technical purpose, the invention provides following technical scheme.
A kind of polyaryletherketone nano composite material, this matrix material is by 0.2 ~ 20 weight part Nano filling, 100 weight parts 4,4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride, to be reacted by in-situ polycondensation with the phenolic monomers of 4,4-difluoro benzophenones or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount or phenyl ether monomer and be prepared from.
The preparation method of described polyaryletherketone nano composite material, comprises the following steps successively:
(1) by 0.2 ~ 20 weight part Nano filling, 100 weight parts 4,4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride, with 4, the phenolic monomers of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount or phenyl ether monomer, ultrasonic disperse is in 80 ~ 150 weight parts organic solvent, and wherein ultrasonic frequency is 5 ~ 40Hz, ultrasonic time is 2 ~ 8 hours;
(2) upper step solution is revolved steaming except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 100 ~ 150 parts by weight of toluene, with 4, the acid binding agent of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount and 300 ~ 650 weight part reaction mediums, wherein toluene is water entrainer;
(3) reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, insulation reaction, after 2 ~ 5 hours, is warmed up to 220 ~ 320 DEG C gradually, insulation reaction 3 ~ 6 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection;
(4) products therefrom acetone and deionized water in reactor are repeatedly washed rear drying, obtain polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
In aforesaid method (1) step, described Nano filling is laminated expanded graphite, Graphene, graphene oxide or fluorographite, there is good lubricity, described phenolic monomers is Pyrogentisinic Acid, xenol, dihydroxyphenyl propane, adjacent methyl hydroquinone or 3,3', 5,5 '-tetramethyl biphenyl diphenol, described organic solvent is ethanol, acetone, toluene, benzene or chloroform.
In aforesaid method (2) step, described acid binding agent is salt of wormwood, sodium carbonate or its mixture (salt of wormwood: the mol ratio of sodium carbonate is 0:20 ~ 20:0), and described reaction medium is tetramethylene sulfone or sulfobenzide.
Described polyaryletherketone nano composite material is suitable for the moulding processs such as injection, mold pressing, and can meet the severe condition service requirementss such as High Temperature High Pressure.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) novel polyaryletherketone nano composite material provided by the invention, while keeping the performances such as polyaryletherketone is high temperature resistant, resistance to chemical attack, increases substantially the wear resisting property of polyaryletherketone, gives the over-all properties that polyaryletherketone is good;
(2) polyaryletherketone Nano-composite materials method provided by the invention, inherently solve the problem of Nano filling and polymeric matrix interface compatibility difference, strengthen the Interaction Force of Nano filling and polyaryletherketone molecule, avoid polymeric matrix and Nano filling two-phase laminated flow, and technique simple, be easy to control, and non-toxic by-products.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that embodiment 2 prepares polyaryletherketone nano composite material Graphene atomic force microscope used test pattern.
Fig. 2 is polyaryletherketone nano composite material brittle failure profile scanning Electronic Speculum test pattern prepared by embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is the polyaryletherketone nano composite material of embodiment 3 preparation and the pure polyaryletherketone wear resisting property test result of comparative example 2 preparation.
Fig. 4 is the polyaryletherketone nano composite material of embodiment 3 preparation and the pure polyaryletherketone thermal analyses test result of comparative example 2 preparation.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is specifically described; what be necessary to herein means out is; following examples are only for the invention will be further described; limiting the scope of the invention can not be interpreted as; person skilled in art makes some nonessential improvement and adjustment to the present invention, still belongs to scope.
One, the preparation of polyaryletherketone nano composite material
Following raw material number unless otherwise indicated, is parts by weight.
embodiment 1
By 20 parts of fluorographites, 100 part of 4,4-difluoro benzophenone, with the adjacent methyl hydroquinone ultrasonic disperse of 4,4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amounts in 80 parts of acetone, wherein ultrasonic frequency is 10Hz, ultrasonic time is 2 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 100 parts of toluene, with the salt of wormwood of phenolic monomers equimolar amount and 300 parts of tetramethylene sulfone, wherein toluene is water entrainer; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, insulation reaction, after 2 hours, is warmed up to 240 DEG C gradually, insulation reaction 6 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product acetone and deionized water in reactor are repeatedly washed rear drying, obtains polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
embodiment 2
By 0.75 part of Graphene, 100 part of 4,4-difluoro benzophenone, with the Resorcinol ultrasonic disperse of 4,4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amounts in 120 parts of ethanol, wherein ultrasonic frequency is 40Hz, ultrasonic time is 2 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 100 parts of toluene, with the acid binding agent (salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=19:1, mol ratio) of Resorcinol equimolar amount and 630 parts of tetramethylene sulfone, wherein toluene is water entrainer; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, insulation reaction, after 4 hours, is warmed up to 220 DEG C gradually, insulation reaction 4 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product acetone and deionized water in reactor are repeatedly washed rear drying, obtains polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
embodiment 3
By 0.65 part of expanded graphite, 100 part of 4,4-difluoro benzophenone, with the '-biphenyl diphenol ultrasonic disperse of 4,4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amounts in 120 parts of ethanol, wherein ultrasonic frequency is 40Hz, ultrasonic time is 8 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 130 parts of toluene, with the acid binding agent (salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=19:1, mol ratio) of '-biphenyl diphenol equimolar amount and 340 parts of tetramethylene sulfone, wherein toluene is water entrainer; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, insulation reaction, after 4 hours, is warmed up to 220 DEG C gradually, insulation reaction 4 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product acetone and deionized water in reactor are repeatedly washed rear drying, obtains polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
embodiment 4
By 12 parts of Graphenes, 100 parts of p-phthaloyl chlorides, with the phenyl ether ultrasonic disperse of p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount in 120 parts of benzene, wherein ultrasonic frequency is 25Hz, ultrasonic time is 6 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 150 parts of toluene, with the salt of wormwood of phenyl ether equimolar amount and 500 parts of sulfobenzides, wherein toluene is water entrainer; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, insulation reaction, after 5 hours, is warmed up to 250 DEG C gradually, insulation reaction 4 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product acetone and deionized water in reactor are repeatedly washed rear drying, obtains polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
embodiment 5
By 7.5 parts of expanded graphites, 100 parts of p-phthaloyl chlorides, with the adjacent methyl Pyrogentisinic Acid ultrasonic disperse of p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount in 100 parts of chloroforms, wherein ultrasonic frequency is 10Hz, ultrasonic time is 8 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 120 parts of toluene, with the acid binding agent (salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=5:15 of adjacent methyl Pyrogentisinic Acid equimolar amount, mol ratio) and 450 parts of sulfobenzides, wherein toluene is water entrainer; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, insulation reaction, after 5 hours, is warmed up to 220 DEG C gradually, insulation reaction 6 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product acetone and deionized water in reactor are repeatedly washed rear drying, obtains polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
embodiment 6
By 0.2 part of fluorographite, 100 parts of p-phthaloyl chlorides, with 3,3', 5 of p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount, 5 '-tetramethyl biphenyl diphenol ultrasonic disperse is in 120 parts of benzene, and wherein ultrasonic frequency is 5Hz, ultrasonic time is 7 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 100 parts of toluene, with the acid binding agent (salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=18:2 of tetramethyl biphenyl diphenol equimolar amount, mol ratio) and 650 parts of sulfobenzides, wherein toluene is water entrainer; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, insulation reaction, after 5 hours, is warmed up to 320 DEG C gradually, insulation reaction 3 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product acetone and deionized water in reactor are repeatedly washed rear drying, obtains polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
comparative example 1
By 100 part 4; 4-difluoro benzophenone, with 4; the Resorcinol of 4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amount, with 4; acid binding agent (the salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=19:1 of the Resorcinol of 4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amount; mol ratio), 630 parts of tetramethylene sulfone and 100 parts of toluene join in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device; reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature; insulation reaction is after 4 hours; be warmed up to 220 DEG C gradually; insulation reaction 4 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product acetone and deionized water in reactor are repeatedly washed rear drying, obtains pure polyaryletherketone.
comparative example 2
By 100 part 4; 4-difluoro benzophenone, with 4; the '-biphenyl diphenol of 4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amount, with 4; acid binding agent (the salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=19:1 of the Resorcinol of 4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amount; mol ratio), 340 parts of tetramethylene sulfone and 130 parts of toluene join in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device; reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature; insulation reaction is after 4 hours; be warmed up to 220 DEG C gradually; insulation reaction 4 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product acetone and deionized water in reactor are repeatedly washed rear drying, obtains pure polyaryletherketone.
Two, the performance test of polyaryletherketone nano composite material
The Structure and Properties test related in the present invention is carried out by the following method:
Filler nanometer structure: observe graphene film layer thickness and size by NANOSCOPEIIIa multiple mode scanning probe microscope (DI instrument company of the U.S.).
Interface compatibility: adopt JEOLJSM-5900LV type scanning electron microscope analysis.By gold-plated on vacuum coater for polyaryletherketone nano composite material brittle failure section, then observe on SEM instrument, make a video recording, obtain section micro-structure diagram.
Wear resisting property: adopt MS-3000 friction and wear tester (lanzhou Chemicophysics Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences develops voluntarily) test material frictional coefficient, analysis of material wear resisting property.During test, gliding cable structure is 0.3m/s, and loading load is 2000N.
Thermal stability: adopt STA449F3 type synchronous solving (Germany, resistance to speed) in the thermostability of nitrogen atmosphere test polyaryletherketone nano composite material and pure polyaryletherketone material.Heated perimeter is room temperature ~ 800 DEG C, and temperature rise rate is 10 dEG C/ min, gas flow rate is 60ml/min.
Be Graphene atomic force microscope test pattern see Fig. 1, Fig. 1 (a), Fig. 1 (b) is Graphene thickness statistical graph in test constituency, and when situ aggregation method prepares polyaryletherketone nano composite material, Graphene is nano-lamellar structure.
See the polyaryletherketone nano composite material brittle failure profile scanning Electronic Speculum test pattern that Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are embodiment 2 preparations, graphite based nanometer filler and polymkeric substance have good interface consistency, and brittle failure section is without two-phase laminated flow phenomenon.
See Fig. 3, Fig. 3 be embodiment 3 prepare polyaryletherketone nano composite material and comparative example 2 prepare pure polyaryletherketone wear resisting property test result, show that the introducing of graphite based nanometer filler can increase substantially the wear resisting property of polyaryletherketone.
See Fig. 4, Fig. 4 be embodiment 3 prepare polyaryletherketone nano composite material and comparative example 2 prepare pure polyaryletherketone thermal analyses test result, show that polyaryletherketone nano composite material has excellent thermal stability, 5% thermal weight loss temperature is higher than 500 DEG C.
The valve rotary packing ring that petroleum chemical industry high temperature occasion uses is prepared in the polyaryletherketone nano composite material injection molding adopting embodiment 2 to prepare, and sealing is reliable, can resistance to 260 DEG C of life-time service, exceedes 10000 hours of design requirements work-ing life.200 DEG C of high-temperature gas dynamic seal test result displays, the high-temperature-resistant gas rotary packing ring 200 DEG C of this polyaryletherketone Nano-composite materials uses 1000 hours continuously, surface is without any cut, and the pure polyaryletherketone wear ring surface scratch that under same test condition prepared by comparative example 1 is obvious.

Claims (3)

1. the preparation method of a polyaryletherketone nano composite material, this matrix material is by 0.2 ~ 20 weight part Nano filling, 100 weight parts 4,4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride, with 4, the phenolic monomers of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount or phenyl ether monomer are prepared from by in-situ polycondensation reaction, it is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises the following steps successively:
(1) by 0.2 ~ 20 weight part Nano filling, 100 weight parts 4,4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride, with 4, the phenolic monomers of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount or phenyl ether monomer, ultrasonic disperse is in 80 ~ 150 weight parts organic solvent, and wherein ultrasonic frequency is 5 ~ 40Hz, ultrasonic time is 2 ~ 8 hours;
(2) upper step solution is revolved steaming except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 100 ~ 150 parts by weight of toluene, with 4, the acid binding agent of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount and 300 ~ 650 weight part reaction mediums, wherein toluene is water entrainer;
(3) reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, insulation reaction, after 2 ~ 5 hours, is warmed up to 220 ~ 320 DEG C gradually, insulation reaction 3 ~ 6 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection;
(4) products therefrom acetone and deionized water in reactor are repeatedly washed rear drying, obtain polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
2. the preparation method of polyaryletherketone nano composite material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in (1) step, described Nano filling is laminated expanded graphite, Graphene, graphene oxide or fluorographite, described phenolic monomers is Pyrogentisinic Acid, xenol, dihydroxyphenyl propane, adjacent methyl hydroquinone or 3,3', 5,5 '-tetramethyl biphenyl diphenol, described organic solvent is ethanol, acetone, toluene, benzene or chloroform.
3. the preparation method of polyaryletherketone nano composite material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in (2) step, described acid binding agent is salt of wormwood, sodium carbonate or its mixture, and described reaction medium is tetramethylene sulfone or sulfobenzide.
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CN104844775A (en) * 2015-05-30 2015-08-19 吉林大学 Expanded graphite flake/polyether-ether-ketone wear-resistant composite material and preparation method thereof
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