CN103788619A - Polyaryletherketone nano composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polyaryletherketone nano composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polyaryletherketone nanocomposite material and a preparation method thereof. The polyaryletherketone nanocomposite material is prepared from 0.2-20 parts of nano fillers, 100 parts of 4,4-DFBP or paraphthaloyl chloride, and a phenol monomer or a diphenyl ethermonomer with equal molar weight to the 4,4-DFBP or paraphthaloyl chloride in in-situ polycondensation reaction. The nano fillers are layered expanded graphite, graphene, graphene oxide or carbon monofluoride; the phenol monomer is phenol, xenol, bisphenol A, o-methylhydroquinone or 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyl biphenol. The polyaryletherketone nanocomposite material not only has good thermodynamic property and decay resistance, simultaneously has high wear resistance, is applicable to the molding technologies such as injection, mold pressing and the like, and can meet the operating requirements under severe conditions such as high temperature, high pressure and the like, and the preparation method is reliable in principle, simple in process, convenient to operate, easy to control, and free of toxic and side products, and has a broad market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel polyaryletherketone nano composite material and preparation method thereof, belong to high performance polymer material and preparation field thereof.
Technical background
Polyaryletherketone is that a class phenylene ring links by ehter bond and carbonyl the polymkeric substance forming, different from phenyl ring link orders and ratio in ehter bond in molecular chain, ketone group, can form the polymkeric substance kinds such as polyetherketone, polyether-ether-ketone, PEKK and polyetherketoneetherketoneketone.In polyaryletherketone series product, in molecular chain, ehter bond and ketone group ratio are lower, and melting point polymer and second-order transition temperature are higher.Polyetherketone second-order transition temperature is 365 ℃ of 165 ℃, fusing point; Polyether-ether-ketone second-order transition temperature (T
g) and fusing point be respectively 143 ℃ and 334 ℃, load heat-drawn wire is up to 316 ℃, life-time service temperature is 260 ℃, instantaneous use temperature can reach 300 ℃.Rigidity phenyl ring in polyaryletherketone molecular structure and flexible ehter bond are given the advantages such as the good resistance to elevated temperatures of polyaryletherketone, mechanical property and chemicals-resistant corrosion.Polyaryletherketone can adopt the working method of thermoplastic engineering plastic to carry out forming process.The over-all properties of polyaryletherketone excellence makes it be widely used in the fields such as automobile, aerospace and the energy.Along with industrial technology development, in practical application, the over-all properties of material has been had to higher requirement, and as traditional bearing plastic material etc. not only requires material to have good chemical resistance and good mechanical property, material frictional coefficient requirement at normal temperatures simultaneously reaches below 0.12.Though pure polyaryletherketone can meet corrosion-resistant and requirement mechanical property, its frictional coefficient is higher, is difficult to meet wear resisting property requirement.In polyaryletherketone kind, polyether-ether-ketone has relatively better self-lubricating property, and its frictional coefficient is 0.4, far can not meet the requirement of industrial application to material wear-resistant performance.Improve polyaryletherketone wear resisting property and can expand polyaryletherketone range of application, can make up the defect of metallic substance in the time of high-temperature high-pressure corrosion resisting environmental applications.
For further widening the range of application of polyaryletherketone, improve the research of its tribological property and urgently carry out, do a large amount of research work in this field both at home and abroad.At present, the method for raising polyaryletherketone crocking resistance is mainly by the polymkeric substance of polyaryletherketone and low-friction coefficient (Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2011,124:4612-4619; Wear, 2010,269:278-284; Material Science, 2012,47:6436-6443), inorganic particulate (investigation of materials journal, 2008,22:26-30; Wear, 2011,271:2222-2229; Tribology International, 2010,43:1430-1437; Aerospace material technique, 2005,2:18-21) or carbon fiber (Wear, 2007,262:220-224; Wear, 2011 (270): 737-741; Surface & Coatings Technology, 2011,205:2994-3005) etc. carry out physical blending, to reach the object that reduces frictional coefficient and reduce wearing and tearing.Pan G. L. etc. (Wear, 2009,266:1208-1215) have studied Al
2o
3the impact of nanoparticle on polyaryletherketone (polyether-ether-ketone) Fretting.Work as Al
2o
3particle diameter is 15nm, addition while being 5wt%, the long-pending minimum (0.503mm of polyether-ether-ketone worn-out surface
2), and friction surface is comparatively smooth, polishing scratch is more shallow and there is no an abrasive dust.(the Wear such as Goyal R. K., 2012,296:681-692) prepared polyaryletherketone (polyether-ether-ketone)/Al 2 O 3 composition, and be 1.0 m/s in slip speed, contact pressure is under 0.5 to 1.25MPa condition, to have studied the frictional behaviour of material.But too much nanoparticle can make material surface stiffness too high, frictional coefficient is increased, also can hinder the generation of friction surface motion film simultaneously, cause wearing and tearing to increase the weight of.Carbon fiber is in polyaryletherketone matrix; bearing body mainly as load exists; the load that polyaryletherketone matrix can be subject to reduces; reduce the direct contact pressure of polyaryletherketone and friction surface; thereby reduce wearing and tearing; reach the object (aerospace material technique, 2005, the 2:22-25 that improve polyaryletherketone wear resisting property; Wear, 2010,268:871-876; Synthetic Lubrication, 2007,24:149-166).But the interface compatibility of fiber and polymeric matrix is poor, meanwhile, fiber stiffness is higher, and the fibroplastic hard abrasive particle of friction process Fracture can cause larger scraping wearing and tearing to polymer surfaces.Fiber is carried out to pre-treatment, can improve to a certain extent the interface compatibility of fiber and polyether-ether-ketone, improve the improvement situation of fiber to polyether-ether-ketone wear resisting property.The low-friction coefficient polymkeric substance such as tetrafluoroethylene can reduce polyaryletherketone frictional coefficient, but can make polymer machinery intensity significantly reduce, and affect material application.
At present, improve the method for polyaryletherketone wear resisting property, still be confined to polyaryletherketone and other low-friction coefficient filler physical blending, although can improve to a certain extent polyaryletherketone frictional behaviour, cannot be from solving in essence two problem of phase separation between polyaryletherketone and filler, make low-friction coefficient filler improve polyaryletherketone frictional behaviour and have drawback.The present invention adopts lamellar graphite base Nano filling and phenolic monomers and 4 with favorable lubricating property, 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride in-situ polycondensation are prepared novel polyaryletherketone nano composite material, from polymer texture, make Nano filling and polymkeric substance reach molecularly dispersed structure.Owing to thering is very strong interaction force between polymer molecule and Nano filling, after nano composite material, in storage and use procedure, there will not be two phenomenon of phase separation, guarantee material usability.The raising that this research method and experimental result can be other polymer performance provides theoretical reference and method of thinking.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of polyaryletherketone nano composite material, not only there is good thermomechanical property and corrosion resistance nature, there is high-wear resistance simultaneously, can be at life-time service under severe rugged environment.
The preparation method who another object of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned polyaryletherketone nano composite material, principle is reliable, and technique is simple, easy to operate, be easy to control, and non-toxic by-products, there are wide market outlook.
For reaching above technical purpose, the invention provides following technical scheme.
A kind of polyaryletherketone nano composite material, this matrix material is by 0.2 ~ 20 weight part Nano filling, 100 weight parts 4,4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride, with 4, phenolic monomers or the phenyl ether monomer of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount are reacted and are prepared from by in-situ polycondensation.
The preparation method of described polyaryletherketone nano composite material, comprises the following steps successively:
(1) by 0.2 ~ 20 weight part Nano filling, 100 weight parts 4,4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride, with 4, the phenolic monomers of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount or phenyl ether monomer, ultrasonic being scattered in 80 ~ 150 weight part organic solvents, wherein ultrasonic frequency is that 5 ~ 40Hz, ultrasonic time are 2 ~ 8 hours;
(2) upper step solution is revolved and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 100 ~ 150 parts by weight of toluene, with 4, the acid binding agent of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount and 300 ~ 650 weight part reaction mediums, wherein toluene is band aqua;
(3) reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, insulation reaction, after 2 ~ 5 hours, is warmed up to 220 ~ 320 ℃ gradually, insulation reaction 3 ~ 6 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection;
(4) products therefrom in reactor is repeatedly washed to rear being dried with acetone and deionized water, obtain polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
In aforesaid method (1) step, described Nano filling is stratiform expanded graphite, Graphene, graphene oxide or fluorographite, there is good lubricity, described phenolic monomers is Pyrogentisinic Acid, xenol, dihydroxyphenyl propane, adjacent methyl hydroquinone or 3,3', 5,5 '-tetramethyl biphenyl diphenol, described organic solvent is ethanol, acetone, toluene, benzene or chloroform.
In aforesaid method (2) step, described acid binding agent is salt of wormwood, sodium carbonate or its mixture (salt of wormwood: the mol ratio of sodium carbonate is 0:20～20:0), and described reaction medium is tetramethylene sulfone or sulfobenzide.
Described polyaryletherketone nano composite material is suitable for the moulding processs such as injection, mold pressing, and can meet the severe condition service requirementss such as High Temperature High Pressure.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) novel polyaryletherketone nano composite material provided by the invention, when keeping the performances such as polyaryletherketone is high temperature resistant, resistance to chemical attack, increases substantially the wear resisting property of polyaryletherketone, gives the over-all properties that polyaryletherketone is good;
(2) polyaryletherketone Nano-composite materials method provided by the invention, from solving in essence the poor problem of Nano filling and polymeric matrix interface compatibility, strengthen interaction force between Nano filling and polyaryletherketone molecule, avoid polymeric matrix and Nano filling two to be separated, and technique is simple, be easy to control, and non-toxic by-products.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that embodiment 2 prepares polyaryletherketone nano composite material Graphene atomic force microscope used test pattern.
Fig. 2 is polyaryletherketone nano composite material brittle failure profile scanning Electronic Speculum test pattern prepared by embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is pure polyaryletherketone wear resisting property test result prepared by the polyaryletherketone nano composite material prepared of embodiment 3 and comparative example 2.
Fig. 4 is the hot analytical test result of pure polyaryletherketone prepared by the polyaryletherketone nano composite material prepared of embodiment 3 and comparative example 2.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is specifically described; be necessary to be pointed out that at this; following examples are only for the invention will be further described; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention; person skilled in art makes some nonessential improvement and adjustment to the present invention, still belongs to protection domain of the present invention.
One, the preparation of polyaryletherketone nano composite material
Following raw material umber, except special instruction, is parts by weight.
embodiment 1
By 20 parts of fluorographites, 100 part 4,4-difluoro benzophenone, with 4, ultrasonic being scattered in 80 parts of acetone of adjacent methyl hydroquinone of 4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amount, wherein ultrasonic frequency is that 10Hz, ultrasonic time are 2 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 100 parts of toluene, salt of wormwood and 300 parts of tetramethylene sulfone with phenolic monomers equimolar amount, wherein toluene is band aqua; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, and insulation reaction, after 2 hours, is warmed up to 240 ℃ gradually, insulation reaction 6 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product in reactor is repeatedly washed to rear being dried with acetone and deionized water, obtain polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
embodiment 2
By 0.75 part of Graphene, 100 part 4,4-difluoro benzophenone, with 4, ultrasonic being scattered in 120 parts of ethanol of Resorcinol of 4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amount, wherein ultrasonic frequency is that 40Hz, ultrasonic time are 2 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 100 parts of toluene, with acid binding agent (salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=19:1, mol ratio) and 630 parts of tetramethylene sulfone of Resorcinol equimolar amount, wherein toluene is for being with aqua; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, and insulation reaction, after 4 hours, is warmed up to 220 ℃ gradually, insulation reaction 4 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product in reactor is repeatedly washed to rear being dried with acetone and deionized water, obtain polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
embodiment 3
By 0.65 part of expanded graphite, 100 part 4,4-difluoro benzophenone, with 4, ultrasonic being scattered in 120 parts of ethanol of '-biphenyl diphenol of 4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amount, wherein ultrasonic frequency is that 40Hz, ultrasonic time are 8 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 130 parts of toluene, with acid binding agent (salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=19:1, mol ratio) and 340 parts of tetramethylene sulfone of '-biphenyl diphenol equimolar amount, wherein toluene is for being with aqua; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, and insulation reaction, after 4 hours, is warmed up to 220 ℃ gradually, insulation reaction 4 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product in reactor is repeatedly washed to rear being dried with acetone and deionized water, obtain polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
embodiment 4
By 12 parts of Graphenes, 100 parts of p-phthaloyl chlorides, with ultrasonic being scattered in 120 parts of benzene of phenyl ether of p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount, wherein ultrasonic frequency is that 25Hz, ultrasonic time are 6 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 150 parts of toluene, salt of wormwood and 500 parts of sulfobenzides with phenyl ether equimolar amount, wherein toluene is band aqua; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, and insulation reaction, after 5 hours, is warmed up to 250 ℃ gradually, insulation reaction 4 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product in reactor is repeatedly washed to rear being dried with acetone and deionized water, obtain polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
embodiment 5
By 7.5 parts of expanded graphites, 100 parts of p-phthaloyl chlorides, with ultrasonic being scattered in 100 parts of chloroforms of adjacent methyl Pyrogentisinic Acid of p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount, wherein ultrasonic frequency is that 10Hz, ultrasonic time are 8 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 120 parts of toluene, with the acid binding agent (salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=5:15 of adjacent methyl Pyrogentisinic Acid equimolar amount, mol ratio) and 450 parts of sulfobenzides, wherein toluene is band aqua; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, and insulation reaction, after 5 hours, is warmed up to 220 ℃ gradually, insulation reaction 6 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product in reactor is repeatedly washed to rear being dried with acetone and deionized water, obtain polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
embodiment 6
By 0.2 part of fluorographite, 100 parts of p-phthaloyl chlorides, with 3 of p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount, 3', 5,5 '-tetramethyl biphenyl diphenol is ultrasonic to be scattered in 120 parts of benzene, wherein ultrasonic frequency is that 5Hz, ultrasonic time are 7 hours; Revolve and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 100 parts of toluene, with the acid binding agent (salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=18:2 of tetramethyl biphenyl diphenol equimolar amount, mol ratio) and 650 parts of sulfobenzides, wherein toluene is band aqua; Reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, and insulation reaction, after 5 hours, is warmed up to 320 ℃ gradually, insulation reaction 3 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product in reactor is repeatedly washed to rear being dried with acetone and deionized water, obtain polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
comparative example 1
By 100 part 4; 4-difluoro benzophenone, with 4; the Resorcinol of 4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amount, with 4; acid binding agent (the salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=19:1 of the Resorcinol of 4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amount; mol ratio), 630 parts of tetramethylene sulfone and 100 parts of toluene join in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device; reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature; after insulation reaction 4 hours; be warmed up to gradually 220 ℃; insulation reaction 4 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product in reactor is repeatedly washed to rear being dried with acetone and deionized water, obtain pure polyaryletherketone.
comparative example 2
by 100 part 4; 4-difluoro benzophenone, with 4; the '-biphenyl diphenol of 4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amount, with 4; acid binding agent (the salt of wormwood: sodium carbonate=19:1 of the Resorcinol of 4-difluoro benzophenone equimolar amount; mol ratio), 340 parts of tetramethylene sulfone and 130 parts of toluene join in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device; reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature; after insulation reaction 4 hours; be warmed up to gradually 220 ℃; insulation reaction 4 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection.Product in reactor is repeatedly washed to rear being dried with acetone and deionized water, obtain pure polyaryletherketone.
Two, the performance test of polyaryletherketone nano composite material
The structure relating in the present invention and performance test are carried out by the following method:
Filler nanometer structure: by NANOSCOPE IIIa multiple mode scanning probe microscope (DI instrument company of the U.S.) observation graphene film layer thickness and size.
Interface compatibility: adopt JEOL JSM-5900LV type scanning electron microscope analysis.By gold-plated on vacuum coater polyaryletherketone nano composite material brittle failure section, then on SEM instrument, observe, make a video recording, obtain section micro-structure diagram.
Wear resisting property: adopt MS-3000 friction and wear tester (lanzhou Chemicophysics Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences develops voluntarily) test material frictional coefficient, analysis of material wear resisting property.The speed of sliding when test is 0.3m/s, loads load for 2000N.
Thermal stability: adopt the thermostability of STA449F3 type simultaneous thermal analysis instrument (Germany, resistance to speeding) at nitrogen atmosphere test polyaryletherketone nano composite material and pure polyaryletherketone material.Heated perimeter is room temperature～800 ℃, and temperature rise rate is 10
℃/ min, gas flow rate is 60ml/min.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 (a) is Graphene atomic force microscope test pattern, and Fig. 1 (b) is Graphene thickness statistical graph in test constituency, and when situ aggregation method is prepared polyaryletherketone nano composite material, Graphene is nano-lamellar structure.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is polyaryletherketone nano composite material brittle failure profile scanning Electronic Speculum test pattern prepared by embodiment 2, and graphite based nanometer filler and polymkeric substance have good interface consistency, and brittle failure section is without two phenomenon of phase separation.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is pure polyaryletherketone wear resisting property test result prepared by the polyaryletherketone nano composite material prepared of embodiment 3 and comparative example 2, shows that the introducing of graphite based nanometer filler can increase substantially the wear resisting property of polyaryletherketone.
Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the hot analytical test result of pure polyaryletherketone prepared by the polyaryletherketone nano composite material prepared of embodiment 3 and comparative example 2, shows that polyaryletherketone nano composite material has good thermal stability, and 5% thermal weight loss temperature is higher than 500 ℃.
Adopt the polyaryletherketone nano composite material injection molding prepared of embodiment 2 to prepare the valve rotary packing ring that petroleum chemical industry high temperature occasion is used, sealing is reliable, can resistance to 260 ℃ of life-time service, exceed 10000 hours of design requirements work-ing life.200 ℃ of high-temperature gas dynamic seal test results show, 200 ℃ of continuous uses of high-temperature-resistant gas rotary packing ring of this polyaryletherketone Nano-composite materials 1000 hours, surface is without any cut, and the pure polyaryletherketone wear ring surface scratch that under same test condition prepared by comparative example 1 is obvious.
Claims (6)
1. a polyaryletherketone nano composite material, this matrix material is by 0.2 ~ 20 weight part Nano filling, 100 weight parts 4,4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride, with 4, phenolic monomers or the phenyl ether monomer of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount are reacted and are prepared from by in-situ polycondensation.
2. polyaryletherketone nano composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described Nano filling is stratiform expanded graphite, Graphene, graphene oxide or fluorographite.
3. polyaryletherketone nano composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described phenolic monomers is Pyrogentisinic Acid, xenol, dihydroxyphenyl propane, adjacent methyl hydroquinone or 3,3', 5, and 5 '-tetramethyl biphenyl diphenol.
4. the preparation method of polyaryletherketone nano composite material as claimed in claim 1, comprises the following steps successively:
(1) by 0.2 ~ 20 weight part Nano filling, 100 weight parts 4,4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride, with 4, the phenolic monomers of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount or phenyl ether monomer, ultrasonic being scattered in 80 ~ 150 weight part organic solvents, wherein ultrasonic frequency is that 5 ~ 40Hz, ultrasonic time are 2 ~ 8 hours;
(2) upper step solution is revolved and steam except after desolventizing, transfer in the reactor with mechanical stirring, condensing works, logical nitrogen device and feeding device, add 100 ~ 150 parts by weight of toluene, with 4, the acid binding agent of 4-difluoro benzophenone or p-phthaloyl chloride equimolar amount and 300 ~ 650 weight part reaction mediums, wherein toluene is band aqua;
(3) reactor temperature is warmed up to refluxing toluene temperature, insulation reaction, after 2 ~ 5 hours, is warmed up to 220 ~ 320 ℃ gradually, insulation reaction 3 ~ 6 hours, whole reaction process nitrogen protection;
(4) products therefrom in reactor is repeatedly washed to rear being dried with acetone and deionized water, obtain polyaryletherketone nano composite material.
5. the preparation method of polyaryletherketone nano composite material as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in (1) step, described Nano filling is stratiform expanded graphite, Graphene, graphene oxide or fluorographite, described phenolic monomers is Pyrogentisinic Acid, xenol, dihydroxyphenyl propane, adjacent methyl hydroquinone or 3,3', 5,5 '-tetramethyl biphenyl diphenol, described organic solvent is ethanol, acetone, toluene, benzene or chloroform.
6. the preparation method of polyaryletherketone nano composite material as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, in (2) step, described acid binding agent is salt of wormwood, sodium carbonate or its mixture, and described reaction medium is tetramethylene sulfone or sulfobenzide.
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| CN104497301A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-08 | 江门市优巨新材料有限公司 | High-fluidity polysulfone ketone resin and production process thereof |
| CN104844775A (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2015-08-19 | 吉林大学 | Expanded graphite flake/polyether-ether-ketone wear-resistant composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105086740A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-11-25 | 宁波格莱美厨具有限公司 | Graphene polyether-ether-ketone composite coating and preparation method thereof |
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