CN103786200A - Method for modifying wood by utilizing electron accelerator irradiation and pressurization technology - Google Patents
Method for modifying wood by utilizing electron accelerator irradiation and pressurization technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103786200A CN103786200A CN201410023646.1A CN201410023646A CN103786200A CN 103786200 A CN103786200 A CN 103786200A CN 201410023646 A CN201410023646 A CN 201410023646A CN 103786200 A CN103786200 A CN 103786200A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for modifying wood by utilizing an electron accelerator irradiation and pressurization technology and belongs to the field of improvement on performances of fast-growing high-yield wood. The problems that conventional wood-plastic composite materials cannot be produced in a large scale, the process is complicated and the operation is difficult are solved. The method comprises the following steps: drying the fast-growing wood which are planed and polished to be smooth, putting the dried wood in a sealed tank for vacuumizing, keeping the vacuumizing operation, sucking an organic preparation into the sealed tank, pressurizing the sealed tank,, and irradiating the taken out fast-growing wood subjected to pressurizing impregnation by using an electron-beam accelerator. The method can be used for improving various mechanical properties of the fast-growing wood, the price is low, the investment is small, and the additional toxicity is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Wooden modifying aspect, relate to a kind of method of utilizing electron accelerator irradiation and pressurization technology improved wood, belong to and improve fast growing wood performance field.
Background technology
China is productive consumption and the import and export big country of world's timber and woodwork, and China's timber use amount in 2007 is 2.8 billion cubic meters according to statistics, and within 2010, timber demand amount reaches 3.2 billion cubic meters.Annual breach timber and woodwork approximately 1 billion cubic meter, need 20,000,000,000 dollars of imported timbers of cost and forestry products with tonifying for the deficiency.Along with the continuous increase of the forestry products market demand, the situation of timber resources supply wretched insufficiency is extremely severe, and will affect to a certain extent the development of the whole national economy of China.In addition, countries in the world all, emphasizing ecological protection, are adjusted forest policy; strengthen the protection of wildwood; the outlet of the felling of restriction wildwood and log, sawn timber, adds the hitting dynamics that summer wood is smuggled, and makes China need the large footpath level material of import and famous and precious furniture woods supply day by day to reduce.Rely on imported timber to fill up the mode of China's timber demand breach more and more difficult.Therefore, the research and extension application of Efforts To Develop fast growing wood deep processing technology, by improving the performance of fast growing timber, on the basis of added value of improving fast growing timber, widen the application of fast growing timber, gradually reducing the dependence to natural needle and broad-leaved wood import, is an important process of benefiting the nation and the people.
Fast growing timber is short with growth cycle, and lumber recovery is high, and good in economic efficiency is distinguishing feature.At present, the artificial fast-growing woods area of China and timber amount of savings rank first in the world, and principal item has poplar, willow, birch, paulownia and Eucalyptus etc.But fast growing wood is compared with natural needlebush, leaf wood, ubiquity that seeds kind is few, material is poor, the shortcoming such as damage by worms apt to rot, cannot meet the requirement of high-grade wood-processing industry, and using value and economic worth are low.Therefore, with the new technology based on physics, the principles of chemistry, fast growing wood being improved, made it approach or partly reach the performance of high-quality natural timber, is one of technical field of World Developed Countries primary study.
American wood RADIATION PROCESSING (wood plastic composite) originates from the middle period sixties in last century, and floor is major product.This product is high, wear-resisting and famous with hardness.From nineteen ninety to 2000 year, in wood plastic composite field, American market growth rate all remains on more than 10%.2002, the wood plastic composite of North America and Europe consumption reached 680,000 tons, and with 14% and 19% speed increment, far away higher than the overall growth rate of the plastics industry same period.By 2011, U.S.'s wood demand of moulding reached approximately 5,400,000,000 dollars.At present, U.S. You Duojia major company adopts radiation method to prepare wood-plastic composite material products.
China starts from 20th century 50, the sixties to the research of wood plastic composite, by the end of the year in 2005, the enterprises and institutions that China is directly engaged in wood plastic composite research and development, production have exceeded 150, practitioner tens of thousands of people, wood plastic product annual production has approached 100,000 tons, and annual value of production can exceed 800,000,000 yuans.But at present China's suitability for industrialized production is mainly after wood-fibred etc. mixes with plastics, to extrude or the wood plastic composite of compression molding, the not large-scale production of radiation impregnation monoblock plank.And wood-fibreds etc. are extruded with plastics mixing or compression molding technology process compared with radiation impregnation monoblock plank is loaded down with trivial details, not easy to operate.
Summary of the invention
The invention reside in and overcome above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of method of utilizing electron accelerator irradiation and pressurization technology improved wood is provided, the method can significantly improve every mechanical property of fast growing wood, and cheap, invest little, easy operating, without additional toxicity.
Irradiation technique is to utilize the electron beam of electron accelerator (0.2MeV～10MeV) generation or the gamma-ray energy of radio isotope (Cs-137 or Co-60) generation to be transferred to by irradiated material, effects of ionizing radiation is to radiation exposed material, produce ionization and excite, discharge orbital electron, form free radical, the effects such as generation is crosslinked, polymerization, grafting, control radiation parameter, can make by the physical property of irradiated material and chemical composition generation respective change and can significantly change its external manifestation performance.
The inventive method is exactly the organic formulations such as impregnating agent by inject controlled amounts in fast growing wood, coupling agent, solubilizer, the effect such as crosslinked, polymerization, grafting of utilizing that the high-energy electron beam irradiation technique of independent development produces, promote various chemical reactions between organic formulations itself and organic formulations and lumber fibre, in material, form stable network structure, keeping on the basis of natural timber attribute, the characteristic such as density, hardness, abrasion resistance, colourity, water imbibition, corrosion resistance and outward appearance that makes to characterize timber obviously improves.According to the actual requirements, by adjusting kind, ratio and the high-energy electron beam irradiation technique of organic formulations, the modification fast growing wood of preparation is approached or part reaches the quality of high-quality timber or even high-grade timber (as redwood etc.).
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: fast growing wood is scraped and polished smooth, dry to moisture content 10% left and right, kiln dried wood is put into sealed shell of tank and vacuumize operation, keep 20min in the time that vacuum reaches certain value.Open valve by certain density organic formulations suction seal tank body, cover timber completely to reagent.Sealed shell of tank is carried out to pressurized operation, to certain value, pressurize certain hour.Open sealed tank cap, reclaim residue reagent, take out the fast growing wood after impregnating by pressure, dry the residual reagent of wood surface, with electron-beam accelerator, timber is carried out the irradiation operations of doses.Timber after irradiation is placed to fortnight left and right in ventilation, put into baking oven uniform temperature and dry, obtain improved wood finished product.Flow process as shown in Figure 1.
Fast growing wood after dipping radiation treatment, every mechanical property is all greatly improved, compared with the timber not processing, rift grain compressive property can promote 80% left and right, air-dry density can promote 150% left and right, footpath surface hardness, string surface hardness all can promote 200% left and right, and Deflection Modulus of Elasticity and bending strength promote 10%-30%.Selected fast growing wood is poplar, willow, birch, paulownia, Eucalyptus, pine etc., cheap, and growth is fast, becomes a useful person early.Selected maceration extract is one or more mixing in acrylic acid epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester (UP), methyl methacrylate, hydroxy-ethyl acrylate, Butyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, ethylene oxide polymer, maleic anhydride, multi-group crosslink agent.Irradiation dose is got 20kGy-100kGy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 utilizes the method flow diagram of electron accelerator irradiation improved wood for the present invention
The specific embodiment
Embodiment mono-: choose without obvious quality flaw poplar piece, get 7 Duplicate Samples, cut into 300mm × 20mm × 20mm wood particle, scrape and polish smooth, put into baking oven and be dried to moisture content 10% left and right, put into sealed shell of tank, fix with stone, vacuumize operation 20min, vacuum reaches 0.09MPa-0.1MPa, open and connect maceration extract valve, in maceration extract suction seal tank body, to covering wooden unit completely, maceration extract consists of methyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol, maleic anhydride, trimethylol-propane trimethacrylate mixed liquor, four mass ratios are 100: 100: 3: 1, valve-off, carry out pressurized operation, moulding pressure is 0.8kPa, keep 20min, reclaim residue maceration extract and wait until use next time, take out wooden unit, dry wooden unit surface impregnation liquid, use 10MeV electron-beam accelerator to carry out radiation treatment, irradiation dose is 60kGy, irradiation finished to be placed on ventilation after 14 days, put into 80 ℃, baking oven and dry 8h.Measure wood performance before modification and after modification, before modification, poplar parallel-to-grain compressive strength is 33.7MPa, and density is 0.382, and Deflection Modulus of Elasticity is 8713MPa, and bending strength is 61.8MPa, and string surface hardness is 970.26, and footpath surface hardness is 1017; After modification, poplar parallel-to-grain compressive strength is 61.0MPa, and density is 0.954, and Deflection Modulus of Elasticity is 9638MPa, bending strength 69.7MPa, and string surface hardness is 2971.85, footpath surface hardness is 3076; Parallel-to-grain compressive strength promotes 81%, and density promotes 150%, and Deflection Modulus of Elasticity promotes 11%, and bending strength promotes 13%, and string surface hardness promotes 206%, and footpath surface hardness promotes 202%.
Embodiment bis-: choose without obvious quality flaw poplar piece, get 7 Duplicate Samples, cut into 300mm × 20mm × 20mm wood particle, scrape and polish smooth, put into baking oven and be dried to moisture content 10% left and right, put into sealed shell of tank, fix with stone, vacuumize operation 20min, vacuum reaches 0.09MPa-0.1MPa, open and connect maceration extract valve, in maceration extract suction seal tank body, to covering wooden unit completely, maceration extract consists of mass fraction 50% acrylamide solution, polyethylene glycol, maleic anhydride, trimethylol-propane trimethacrylate mixed liquor, four mass ratios are 100: 100: 3: 1, valve-off, carry out pressurized operation, moulding pressure is 0.6kPa, keep 20min, reclaim residue maceration extract and wait until use next time, take out wooden unit, dry wooden unit surface impregnation liquid, use 10MeV electron-beam accelerator to carry out radiation treatment, irradiation dose is 60kGy, irradiation finished to be placed on ventilation after 14 days, put into 80 ℃, baking oven and dry 8h.Measure wood performance before modification and after modification, before modification, poplar parallel-to-grain compressive strength is 33.7MPa, and density is 0.382, and string surface hardness is 970.26, and footpath surface hardness is 1017; After modification, poplar parallel-to-grain compressive strength is 49.8MPa, and density is 0.874, and string surface hardness is 2256.97, and footpath surface hardness is 2213; Parallel-to-grain compressive strength promotes 48%, and density promotes 129%, and string surface hardness promotes 133%, and footpath surface hardness promotes 118%.
Embodiment tri-: choose without obvious quality flaw birch piece, get 6 Duplicate Samples, cut into 300mm × 20mm × 20mm wood particle, scrape and polish smooth, put into baking oven and be dried to moisture content 10% left and right, put into sealed shell of tank, fix with stone, vacuumize operation 20min, vacuum reaches 0.09MPa-0.1MPa, open and connect maceration extract valve, in maceration extract suction seal tank body, to covering wooden unit completely, maceration extract consists of methyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol, maleic anhydride, trimethylol-propane trimethacrylate mixed liquor, four mass ratios are 100: 100: 3: 1, valve-off, carry out pressurized operation, moulding pressure is 0.8kPa, keep 20min, reclaim residue maceration extract and wait until use next time, take out wooden unit, dry wooden unit surface impregnation liquid, use 10MeV electron-beam accelerator to carry out radiation treatment, irradiation dose is 60kGy, irradiation finished to be placed on ventilation after 14 days, put into 80 ℃, baking oven and dry 8h.Measure wood performance before modification and after modification, before modification, birch parallel-to-grain compressive strength is 49.53MPa, and density is 0.579, and Deflection Modulus of Elasticity is 10121MPa, and bending strength is 78.8MPa; After modification, birch parallel-to-grain compressive strength is 69.5MPa, and density is 1.098, and Deflection Modulus of Elasticity is 10455MPa, bending strength 95.7MPa; Parallel-to-grain compressive strength promotes 40%, and density promotes 90%, and Deflection Modulus of Elasticity promotes 3%, and bending strength promotes 21%.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is utilized the method for electron accelerator irradiation and pressurization technology improved wood, it is characterized in that: fast growing wood is scraped and polished smooth, kiln dried wood is put into sealed shell of tank and vacuumize operation, keep vacuumizing operation, open valve by organic formulations suction seal tank body, organic reagent covers timber completely, sealed shell of tank is carried out to pressurized operation, open sealed tank cap, reclaim residue reagent, take out the fast growing wood after impregnating by pressure, dry after the residual reagent of wood surface, timber is carried out to irradiation operations with electron-beam accelerator.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: in the time that the oven dry moisture content of fast growing wood is 10%, kiln dried wood is put into sealed shell of tank and vacuumize operation, vacuumize operation 20min, make vacuum reach 0.09MPa-0.1MPa.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: sealed shell of tank is carried out to pressurized operation, and moulding pressure is 0.6kPa, and keeps 20min.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: sealed shell of tank is carried out to pressurized operation, and moulding pressure is 0.8kPa, and keeps 20min.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: take out the fast growing wood after impregnating by pressure, dry after the residual reagent of wood surface, use 10MeV electron-beam accelerator to carry out radiation treatment, irradiation dose is 60kGy.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105563597A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-11 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Geothermal floor base material manufactured in irradiation manner and processing method thereof |
| CN106142250A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2016-11-23 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | A kind of device utilizing electron beam irradiation modified timber and method of modifying |
| CN108608519A (en) * | 2018-05-05 | 2018-10-02 | 阜南县海源工艺品有限公司 | A kind of method of toothed oak wood plank processing modelled after an antique |
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| CN1257776A (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-06-28 | 中国科学院生物物理研究所 | Method for producing anticorrosion and flame-retarding composite material of wood and high polymer with excellent mechanical properties and its products |
| EP1806213A1 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-07-11 | Jakob Friederich Werz | Process for impregnation of wood chips |
| CN101954662A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2011-01-26 | 东北林业大学 | Method for modifying wood by filling grafted cell walls with organic monomers and polymerization-filling cell cavities |
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2014
- 2014-01-16 CN CN201410023646.1A patent/CN103786200A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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| CN1257776A (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-06-28 | 中国科学院生物物理研究所 | Method for producing anticorrosion and flame-retarding composite material of wood and high polymer with excellent mechanical properties and its products |
| EP1806213A1 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-07-11 | Jakob Friederich Werz | Process for impregnation of wood chips |
| CN101954662A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2011-01-26 | 东北林业大学 | Method for modifying wood by filling grafted cell walls with organic monomers and polymerization-filling cell cavities |
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| S.M.TREY 等: "Electron-Beam-Initiated Polymerization of Poly(ethylene glycol)-Based Wood", 《ACS APPLIED MATERIALS INTERFACES》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106142250A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2016-11-23 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | A kind of device utilizing electron beam irradiation modified timber and method of modifying |
| CN106142250B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2018-07-03 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | A kind of device and method of modifying using electron beam irradiation modified timber |
| CN105563597A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-11 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Geothermal floor base material manufactured in irradiation manner and processing method thereof |
| CN105563597B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-07-20 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Irradiation prepares ground-heating floor substrate and its processing method |
| CN108608519A (en) * | 2018-05-05 | 2018-10-02 | 阜南县海源工艺品有限公司 | A kind of method of toothed oak wood plank processing modelled after an antique |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |