CN103785836A - Powder metallurgy process - Google Patents
Powder metallurgy process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103785836A CN103785836A CN201210422940.0A CN201210422940A CN103785836A CN 103785836 A CN103785836 A CN 103785836A CN 201210422940 A CN201210422940 A CN 201210422940A CN 103785836 A CN103785836 A CN 103785836A
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Abstract
The invention provides a powder metallurgy process. The powder metallurgy process comprises pressing, sintering, oil immersion, finishing and steam treatment. The sintering comprises performing degreasing treatment on blank parts; placing degreased metal powder billets and getter and inert powder filler into a metal can which can be soldered and sealed to form a closed system; placing the sealed can into a sintering furnace and heating up to the insulation temperature to sinter; cutting the sealed can open or milling or drilling a discharging hole in the sealed can after the sintering is achieved and the can is cooled; taking out of finished products and the filler to obtain semi-finished parts. According to the powder metallurgy process, the cost is low, the performance of the finished products is reliable, and the applicable range is wide and meanwhile the sealing sintering process is adopted and accordingly active element contained metal powder cannot be oxidized, carbonized or nitrided and can be deoxidized, decarburized and denitrified in the sintering process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metallurgical technology, relate in particular to a kind of powder metallurgical technique.
Background technology
The powder metallurgical technique adopting in mass society, how through batch mixing-stirring-moulding-sintering-integer-double sintering-machining-heat treatment-vibration grinding-Vaccum Permeating wet goods operation.Because country more and more payes attention to environmental protection, in machinery industry, simplify processing step and can save a lot of energy.But also there is the high efficiency in order to improve batch production, the mode that simplify formula as adopted, reduces processing step, the efficiency of its manufacture just can improve greatly so, as CN1851280A discloses a kind of weldable sintered metal powder bearing and production technology, its dusty material composition comprises 100 parts of iron powders, and it also comprises 0.5 to 1.2 part of graphite powder, 0.4 to 0.5 part of molybdenum bisuphide, 0.5 to 3 part of copper powder.In dusty material composition, also include the zinc stearate of machine oil below 0.08 part and 0.8 part, the phosphorus content in bearing completed products is percent nought point four.The production technology of this weldable sintered metal powder bearing is that the dusty material of determining formula is evenly mixed, and suppresses then sintering, and 1050 ℃ to 1200 ℃ of sintering temperatures, more multiple pressure or fine finishining, can carry out steam treatment or quenching again, last hot dipping oil.Reached the object of simplifying formula, reducing processing step, but manufacturing process still has limitation, poor to special process demand adaptation.
CN101249564 discloses a kind of powder metallurgical technique, comprises pressing step, sintering step, immersion oil step, finishing step, steam treatment step, iron-based powder is evenly mixed by proportioning in processing step; Iron-based powder is sent into press, complete iron-based powder is sent into default product mold by press, and be pressed into product blank; Product blank is inserted to transmission guipure, transmit guipure and send into sintering furnace according to the speed of setting; In sintering process, use gas repeatedly to extract and pressurize, and adjusting the temperature of sintering furnace; Sinter product blank into semi-finished articles; By cooling semi-finished articles and immerse in machine oil and process; Semi-finished articles is put into sizing die and carry out fine correction; By fine correction semi-finished articles steam treatment, make semi-finished articles surface form antirust coat; Deburring step: will there is antirust coat semi-finished articles through shot-peening, vibration and artificial deburring operation, and carry out deburring processing.Its cost performance is high; Can form fine and close diaphragm at product surface, improve antirust performance.This patent complex technical process, calcination operation difficulty is large.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, one of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of powder metallurgy process method, comprises pressing step, sintering step, immersion oil step, finishing step, steam treatment step, it is characterized in that: described powder metallurgy process method comprises:
(1) blend step: iron-based powder is evenly mixed by proportioning, and tinning is stand-by;
(2) pressing step: the described iron-based powder of the tinning mixing is sent into press, complete described iron-based powder is sent into default product mold by press, and be pressed into product blank;
(3) sintering step: blank part is carried out to ungrease treatment, metal powder base after degreasing and getter, inert powder filler are placed in and can in the metal can of sealing, be formed after closed system, hermetically sealed can is placed in to sintering furnace and is warming up to sintering under holding temperature, sintering is complete after tank is cooling, cut hermetically sealed can or milling or get out discharging opening on hermetically sealed can. take out finished product and filler, obtain semi-finished articles;
(4) immersion oil step: by cooling described semi-finished articles and immerse in machine oil and process;
(5) finishing step: described semi-finished articles is put into sizing die and carry out fine correction, make described semi-finished articles meet the requirements of the margin of tolerance;
(6) steam treatment step: by the semi-finished articles steam treatment described in fine correction, make described semi-finished articles surface form antirust coat;
(7) deburring step: by thering is semi-finished articles described in antirust coat through shot-peening, vibration and artificial deburring operation, carry out deburring processing.
Preferably, the described getter of step (3) is the combination of any one or at least two kinds in titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum and hydride thereof, aluminium, magnesium, calcium, barium, rare earth metal, calcium hydride, rare earth metal hydride, described combination is titanium/zirconium, calcium/rare earth metal, calcium hydride/rare earth metal hydride // calcium etc. such as, preferably any one or a few combination in any one or at least two kinds and aluminium, magnesium, calcium, barium, rare earth metal, calcium hydride, rare earth metal hydride in titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum and hydride thereof.
Preferably, the described inert powder filler of step (3) be in aluminium oxide, magnesia, calcium oxide, rare-earth oxide, zirconia, refractory metal powder tungsten any one.
Preferably, in inert powder filler, add the hydride of any one a small amount of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, calcium, rare earth metal.
Preferably, the oil temperature of the described immersion oil step of step (4) is 68-95 ℃, for example 68.2 ℃, 70 ℃, 71.5 ℃, 75.3 ℃, 80 ℃, 83 ℃, 88 ℃, 92 ℃ etc., and preferably 70-93 ℃, further preferred 72-90 ℃, most preferably 90 ℃;
Preferably, the time of the described immersion oil of step (4) is 15-40min, preferably 18-35min, particularly preferably 23-33min etc.
Preferably, the temperature of the described steam treatment step of step (6) is 700 ℃, preferably 500-900 ℃, further preferred 600-800 ℃, particularly preferably 900 ℃; The described steam treatment time is 4-7h, preferably 4.5-6.5h, further preferred 5h; Described steam treatment step is used oversaturated water vapour.
Preferably, the air pressure of the immersion oil step described in step (4) is less than normal pressure.
Compared with prior art, the powder metallurgical technique step that the present invention adopts comprises blend step, pressing step, sintering step, immersion oil step, finishing step, steam treatment step, deburring step, and with low cost, end properties is reliable, applied widely; Meanwhile, the present invention adopts the technique of sealed sintering, and the metal dust that makes to contain active element is not only not oxidized, carbonization or nitrogenize in sintering process, and can deoxidation, decarburization and denitrogenation.
The specific embodiment
For ease of understanding the present invention, it is as follows that the present invention enumerates embodiment.Embodiment of the present invention technological process comprises:
(1) blend step: raw and auxiliary material is mixed according to proportioning.
(2) pressing step: the iron powder mixing is sent into press top, add in the die cavity of mould automatically suppress by adding powder box, 8 per minute of the speed of compacting, then delivers in rotating disk with manipulator.
(3) sintering step: oxygen, the nitrogen content of the ferrochrome powder shaping base that is 65% through the chromium content of ungrease treatment are respectively 0.32%, 0.01 6%, with No. 1 tank sintering.1 gram of magnesium powder, 1.5 grams of titanium valves, 1 gram of hydride powder are mixed to the bottom that is placed in tank with 25 grams of alumina powders, then 25 grams of alumina powders are mixed to the top that is placed on tank with several iron chromium alloy powder bases.Potting is welded and shine embodiment bis-and carry out sintering, after sintering, its oxygen, nitrogen content are respectively 0.047%, 0.0011%.
(4) immersion oil step: 32# machine oil is poured in bucket, be heated to 90 ℃ with electrothermal tube, the product of immersion oil is put into wire basket, hang in the metal bucket that fills machine oil heating, soak after 30 minutes and hang out and drain, when machine oil is inadequate, again pour new machine oil into, keep certain oil mass.
(5) finishing step: requiring has distortion to a certain degree after high product sintering, need guarantee form and position tolerance by shaping, shaping device is the hydraulic press of 200 tons or 100 tons, has sizing die frame on press, product is put into sizing die and is proofreaied and correct, thereby makes product reach the requirement margin of tolerance.
(6) steam treatment step: product is put into iron basket, hangs in steam treatment stove, is heated to 700 ℃ with resistance wire, be incubated 5 hours, pass into oversaturated water vapour, iron and water vapour react, and generate tri-iron tetroxide and hydrogen, hydrogen ignites by escape pipe, product surface densification after steam treatment is difficult for getting rusty, and can't leak gas, and water vapour has special steam generating stove supply, automatic watering is to automatic cut-off power insulation after certain pressure, simple to operate.
(7) deburring step: comprise shot-peening, vibration, artificial deburring, shot-peening deburring is exactly that product is poured in sand-blasting machine and sprayed to product with stainless shot by certain jet velocity, and product rolls burr on product is sprayed on rubber strip.Vibrator deburring, jointly pours the product of some and a certain proportion of abrasive material in vibration trough and vibrates, and takes out product and then abrasive material separates after 30 minutes, and artificial deburring is exactly with drilling machine, the burr on product aperture limit to be removed.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of powder metallurgy process method, comprising:
(1) blend step: raw and auxiliary material is mixed according to proportioning.
(2) pressing step: the iron powder mixing is sent into press top, add in the die cavity of mould automatically suppress by adding powder box, 8 per minute of the speed of compacting, then delivers in rotating disk with manipulator.
(3) sintering step: oxygen, the nitrogen content of the ferrochrome powder shaping base that is 65% through the chromium content of ungrease treatment are respectively 0.4%, 0.056%, with No. 1 tank sintering.1 gram of calcium powder, 1.5 grams of aluminum hydride, 1 gram of titanium valve are mixed to the bottom that is placed in tank with 27 grams of barium monoxide powder, then 27 grams of alumina powders are mixed to the top that is placed on tank with several iron chromium alloy powder bases.Potting is welded and shine embodiment bis-and carry out sintering, after sintering, its oxygen, nitrogen content are respectively 0.047%, 0.0011%.
(4) immersion oil step: 32# machine oil is poured in bucket, be heated to 95 ℃ with electrothermal tube, the product of immersion oil is put into wire basket, hang in the metal bucket that fills machine oil heating, soak after 40 minutes and hang out and drain, when machine oil is inadequate, again pour new machine oil into, keep certain oil mass.
(5) finishing step: requiring has distortion to a certain degree after high product sintering, need guarantee form and position tolerance by shaping, shaping device is the hydraulic press of 200 tons or 100 tons, has sizing die frame on press, product is put into sizing die and is proofreaied and correct, thereby makes product reach the requirement margin of tolerance.
(6) steam treatment step: product is put into iron basket, hangs in steam treatment stove, is heated to 900 ℃ with resistance wire, be incubated 7 hours, pass into oversaturated water vapour, iron and water vapour react, and generate tri-iron tetroxide and hydrogen, hydrogen ignites by escape pipe, product surface densification after steam treatment is difficult for getting rusty, and can't leak gas, and water vapour has special steam generating stove supply, automatic watering is to automatic cut-off power insulation after certain pressure, simple to operate.
(7) deburring step: comprise shot-peening, vibration, artificial deburring, shot-peening deburring is exactly that product is poured in sand-blasting machine and sprayed to product with stainless shot by certain jet velocity, and product rolls burr on product is sprayed on rubber strip.Vibrator deburring, jointly pours the product of some and a certain proportion of abrasive material in vibration trough and vibrates, and takes out product and then abrasive material separates after 30 minutes, and artificial deburring is exactly with drilling machine, the burr on product aperture limit to be removed.
Most preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, and the various variations of being made by those of ordinary skills or remodeling can not depart from the scope of the present invention.
Applicant's statement, the present invention illustrates detailed process equipment and process flow process of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process, do not mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, and the selections of the equivalence replacement to the each raw material of product of the present invention and the interpolation of auxiliary element, concrete mode etc., within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (7)
1. a powder metallurgy process method, comprises pressing step, sintering step, immersion oil step, finishing step, steam treatment step, it is characterized in that: described powder metallurgy process method comprises:
(1) blend step: iron-based powder is evenly mixed by proportioning, and tinning is stand-by;
(2) pressing step: the described iron-based powder of the tinning mixing is sent into press, complete described iron-based powder is sent into default product mold by press, and be pressed into product blank;
(3) sintering step: blank part is carried out to ungrease treatment, metal powder base after degreasing and getter, inert powder filler are placed in and can in the metal can of sealing, be formed after closed system, hermetically sealed can is placed in to sintering furnace and is warming up to sintering under holding temperature, sintering is complete after tank is cooling, cut hermetically sealed can or milling or get out discharging opening on hermetically sealed can. take out finished product and filler, obtain semi-finished articles;
(4) immersion oil step: by cooling described semi-finished articles and immerse in machine oil and process;
(5) finishing step: described semi-finished articles is put into sizing die and carry out fine correction, make described semi-finished articles meet the requirements of the margin of tolerance;
(6) steam treatment step: by the semi-finished articles steam treatment described in fine correction, make described semi-finished articles surface form antirust coat;
(7) deburring step: by thering is semi-finished articles described in antirust coat through shot-peening, vibration and artificial deburring operation, carry out deburring processing.
2. process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described getter of step (3) is the combination of any one or at least two kinds in titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum and hydride thereof, aluminium, magnesium, calcium, barium, rare earth metal, calcium hydride, rare earth metal hydride, preferably any one or a few combination in any one or at least two kinds and aluminium, magnesium, calcium, barium, rare earth metal, calcium hydride, rare earth metal hydride in titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum and hydride thereof.
3. the method as described in one of claim 1-2, is characterized in that, the described inert powder filler of step (3) be in aluminium oxide, magnesia, calcium oxide, rare-earth oxide, zirconia, refractory metal powder tungsten any one.
4. the method as described in one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, adds the hydride of any one a small amount of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, calcium, rare earth metal in inert powder filler.
5. the process as described in one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, the oil temperature of the described immersion oil step of step (4) is 68-95 ℃, preferably 70-93 ℃, further preferred 72-90 ℃, most preferably 90 ℃;
Preferably, the time of the described immersion oil of step (4) is 15-40min, preferably 18-35min, particularly preferably 23-33min etc.
The process as described in one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, the temperature of the described steam treatment step of step (6) is 700 ℃, preferably 500-900 ℃, further preferred 600-800 ℃, particularly preferably 900 ℃; The described steam treatment time is 4-7h, preferably 4.5-6.5h, further preferred 5h; Described steam treatment step is used oversaturated water vapour.
7. according to the process one of claim 1-6 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that: the air pressure of the immersion oil step described in step (4) is less than normal pressure.
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| CN201210422940.0A CN103785836A (en) | 2012-10-29 | 2012-10-29 | Powder metallurgy process |
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| CN201210422940.0A CN103785836A (en) | 2012-10-29 | 2012-10-29 | Powder metallurgy process |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105149596A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 | Powder metallurgy valve gas pipe and preparation method thereof |
| CN106888517A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-06-23 | 郭玉琦 | The body and electrothermal tube structure and preparation method of a kind of electrothermal tube |
| CN109128183A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-01-04 | 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts |
| CN109834259A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-06-04 | 宜兴市乐华冶金辅助材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation process of improved powder metallurgy auxiliary material |
| CN110614373A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2019-12-27 | 山西新环粉末冶金有限公司 | Production process for manufacturing textile machinery accessories by using powder metallurgy process |
| CN110947955A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-03 | 广东东睦新材料有限公司 | Powder metallurgy preparation process of inverter insert |
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2012
- 2012-10-29 CN CN201210422940.0A patent/CN103785836A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105149596A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 | Powder metallurgy valve gas pipe and preparation method thereof |
| CN106888517A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-06-23 | 郭玉琦 | The body and electrothermal tube structure and preparation method of a kind of electrothermal tube |
| CN109834259A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-06-04 | 宜兴市乐华冶金辅助材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation process of improved powder metallurgy auxiliary material |
| CN109128183A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-01-04 | 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts |
| CN109128183B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2020-12-22 | 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of iron-based powder metallurgy part |
| CN110614373A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2019-12-27 | 山西新环粉末冶金有限公司 | Production process for manufacturing textile machinery accessories by using powder metallurgy process |
| CN110947955A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-03 | 广东东睦新材料有限公司 | Powder metallurgy preparation process of inverter insert |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |