CN103782928A - Method for colonizing and releasing seawater mullets in public freshwater area - Google Patents
Method for colonizing and releasing seawater mullets in public freshwater area Download PDFInfo
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- CN103782928A CN103782928A CN201210436103.3A CN201210436103A CN103782928A CN 103782928 A CN103782928 A CN 103782928A CN 201210436103 A CN201210436103 A CN 201210436103A CN 103782928 A CN103782928 A CN 103782928A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for colonizing and releasing seawater mullets in a public freshwater area and relates to methods for colonizing and releasing seawater mullets which are near-shore river mouth marine fish into natural fishery water areas. The method includes: before colonizing and releasing, lowering water salinity for mullet fries 2-20cm in total length, using fishery medicines to prevent fish diseases, and allowing the mullet fries to adapt to freshwater environments; using a keep-alive transportation method to transfer the mullet fries to net cages in the water area planned for colonizing and releasing for temporary culture; sterilizing the mullet fries to prevent infection and death caused by transportation damage; placing parts of the net cages into water, allowing the mullet fries to initiatively swim out of the net cages and enter the freshwater area so as to increase mullet fry releasing survival rate, and removing the net cages to bring the carbon sink fishery value of the mullets in the freshwater area into play. The method has the advantages that colonizing and releasing varieties are increased, water area purifying capability is increased, the carbon sink fishery value of the mullets in the freshwater area can be brought into play, species invasion risk is avoided, the method is suitable for colonizing and releasing in featured water areas such as lakes, rivers, reservoirs, landscape water bodies and artificial wetlands systems, and water area purification effect can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fish moves and grows the method for releasing, being specifically related to that a kind of offshore river mouth marine fishes---grey mullet moves and grows the method that discharges to natural fisheries water, is that the public waters that are applicable to lake, rivers, reservoir, landscape water body, artificial wet land system move and grow method and the activity of releasing.
Background technology
Natural fisheries water fishery resources decline is serious, bio-diversity declines obviously, economic construction makes a large amount of natural fisheries waters of the excessive input of the nutriment such as nitrogen, phosphorus, the ability of the natural fisheries water nutriment of aquatic animal trans-utilization declines gradually, natural water area eutrophication is more and more serious, water quality deterioration, aquatic animal purified treatment ability more and more can not meet the requirement of disposal of pollutants, and the public waters ecosystem is unbalance.China is renovating lake environment energetically in recent years, comprise: sewage dams, ecological dredging, move back also also water, restoration of the ecosystem of lake, power of fishing, loke shore regulation and the construction of Huan Hu forest belt etc., but, the above-mentioned comprehensive regulation is ectogenic, it is not remarkable that regulation and control improve Effects of Water Quality, and use biological endogenous property means, and utilizing fish, shrimp, shellfish, algae is that main bioorganism carries out Water Ecological Recovery, effect is more obvious.Harness the river with fishing, repair and rebuild water ecosystem, recover water ecosystem structure, realize Lake Water function and value of services, maintain and stablize healthy aquatic ecosystem, can reach exogenous means can not and object.Therefore, work out best fishery scale and the mode of production, development is the development path of a fishery and environmental protection doulbe-sides' victory by the water purification fishery of " centered by water ", guarantees the good ecotope in waters and fishery sustainable utilization.
Enhancement releasing is the technical measures of water purification fishery, China carries out relatively early, since just enhancement releasing of the seventies and eighties in last century, initial stage scale and impact are all smaller, recent years, the Ministry of Agriculture and various places government and fishing sector were all paid much attention to this work of enhancement releasing, all organize every year large-scale enhancement releasing activity, affect increasingly, be subject to social extensive concern.From 2007 to 2009, more than 1,100,000,000 yuan of the fund of whole nation input enhancement releasing, all kinds of aquatic product sprout more than 630 hundred million tails of enhancement releasing, the annual national hyperblastosis activity of releasing is thousands of time, wherein there are some large-scale enhancement releasing activities, as 5 enhancement releasing activities that provincial government's united organization is carried out such as the Ministry of Agriculture and Guangdong, Liaoning, there were the same day 106 places to carry out simultaneously.
Enhancement releasing can improve the ecotope in water quality and waters, selects suitable fish stocking, improves freshwater Population makeup of fish stocks, optimize aquatile food chain, promote the correct of energy and material to flow, keep Ecology balance, reach the object of " harness the river and support water with fishing with fishing ".The kind of releasing is different, act on also different, as filter-feeding kinds such as some fish, shellfishes, can filter algae and plankton in drinking water, algae can absorb the carbonic acid gas in water, and airborne carbonic acid gas just can decompose water the inside, is purified and is improved water quality by this effect, make aquatile become carbon remittance biological, play the effect of reduction of discharging.In recent years Efforts To Develop enhancement releasing work, is to repair waters bio-diversity, and propagation fishery resources guarantee that aquatile brought into play safely certain effect.At present, the kind that Fishery Resources Enhancement is released must be original seed or original seed first filial generation seed, forbid to natural water area release crossbreed, transgenosis kind, alien species and the impure species of other germplasm, this regulation has restricted ocean aquatic animal the releasing of fresh water natural water area, and has abandoned the detergent power of ocean aquatic animal to fresh water natural water area.
Enhancement releasing is the application of breeding environment cleaning project at natural fisheries water.At public freshwater, take modern ecological theory as basis, according to the specific environmental condition of water body; by manually putting suitable fish in a suitable place to breed, to improve the Fish Communities composition in this waters, ensure the ecological balance; thereby both reached protection water environment, and can make full use of again the aquatic products power of water body.
Grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) is warm band shallow sea high-quality economic fish at the middle and upper levels, is distributed widely in the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, is large-scale offshore river mouth marine fishes, property is active, happiness is jumped, and inhabits in river mouth and bay, and can enter fresh water, juvenile fish is liked floating thing in cluster drinking water, have obvious phototaxis and rheotaxis, the suitable salt scope of grey mullet is 0～38%, and suitable temperature range is 3 ℃～35 ℃, fatal low temperature is 0 ℃, suitable warm water waters.Grey mullet is omnivorousness, and to eat diatom and organic debris as main, custom is scraped food moss in riverbed.Grey mullet individuality is large, and growth potential and conversion water purification ability are remarkable, and it can only breed in seawater, can in fresh water environment, be used as clean biometric, and performance grey mullet is the value as carbon remittance fishery object at public freshwater.In bibliographical information, so far there are no in lake, the public freshwater of rivers, reservoir, pond, artificial swamp moves the report of growing the method for releasing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing large water surface depollution of environment ability, a kind of method that provides fresh water environment to release propagation grey mullet, the method cost is low, simple to operate, do not have secondary pollution, because grey mullet is take detritus organic matter as food, the grey mullet of releasing can be strengthened waters detergent power; Grey mullet is seawater fish, belongs to alien species at freshwater, so increased enhancement species; The grey mullet of releasing increases the organic matter in output of aquatic products while trans-utilization water environment, and water purifying environment increases economy and social value; But grey mullet can only grow and irreproducible in fresh water, and its population quantity reduces along with fishing for, there is no species invasion risk.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Public freshwater moves grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, in lake, the public freshwater of rivers, reservoir, pond, artificial swamp moves and grow the grey mullet of releasing; Grey mullet fry is the fry of wild natural fry and/or artificial propagation, and specification is total length 2-10 centimetre; Move to grow before releasing and process through desalination, in temporarily supporting container and/or Cultivation container, slowly add fresh water, in one week, allow salinity in the water environment of fry growth drop to zero degree, allow them adapt to fresh water living environment; Use fishing medicine desinsection and sterilizing simultaneously, prevent that fish disease from bringing public freshwater into, the waters of releasing in plan arranges net cage, takes surviving transportation method to transfer to need to move to grow in the water environment net cage of releasing to support temporarily; Give foster fry sterilizing temporarily, prevent infection and death that shipping damage causes; Part net cage is submerged in water, allow fry swim out of net cage, oneself initiatively enter to move and grows waters, improve and move the survival rate of growing the fry of releasing, remove net cage, performance grey mullet is at the carbon remittance Fishery value of freshwater.
Public freshwater moves to be grown the seawater grey mullet method of releasing and is completed by following steps: 1. in lake, the public freshwater of rivers, reservoir, pond, artificial swamp moves and grows the grey mullet of releasing; 2. grey mullet fry is the fry of wild natural fry and/or artificial propagation, and specification is total length 2-20 centimetre; 3. move grow release before through desalination process, in temporarily supporting container and/or Cultivation container, slowly add fresh water, in one week, allow salinity in the water environment of fry growth drop to zero degree, allow them adapt to fresh water living environment, use fishing medicine desinsection and sterilizing simultaneously, prevent that fish disease from bringing public freshwater into; The waters of 4. releasing in plan arranges net cage, then takes surviving transportation method to transfer to need to move to grow in the water environment net cage of releasing and supports temporarily; 5. give temporary foster fry sterilizing in net cage, prevent infection and death that shipping damage causes; 6. part net cage is submerged in water, allow fry independently swim out of net cage, own active enters to move grows waters, improves and moves the survival rate of growing the fry of releasing; 7. remove net cage; 8. freshwater propagation grey mullet, realize the carbon remittance Fishery value of grey mullet.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1. the present invention has expanded to move and has grown the kind of releasing, by breeding in seawater, in fresh water, irreproducible grey mullet is introduced in the kind that fresh water releases, and has increased the good kind of releasing.
2. benefit of the present invention is that the carbon of grey mullet is converged to Fishery value to be applied in freshwater, utilizes the grey mullet of the introducing detritus material of eating, water purifying environment.
3. in the present invention, grey mullet plays the effect that desilting purifies, organic matter in freshwater sediments is eaten and digested and assimilated, promote organic decomposition and utilization, make the more optimized structure of matter and energy circulation in aquatic ecosystem with rationally, after grey mullet trans-utilization freshwater deposition organic matter, take aquatic ecosystem out of, reduce water body eutrophication degree.
4. in the present invention, move and grow the grey mullet of releasing after the fish disease prevention before and after transportation, initiatively independently swim into natural fisheries water, improve the survival rate of the fry of releasing, change the current popular formula of the making a show method of releasing, in order to take a picture, the fish of releasing falls down from baffle plate, directly reaps waters, one barrel of one barrel outwells, no matter these release fish anyway, savagely, the formula of the making a show method of releasing should abandon.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by following embodiment, but the technology contents that this embodiment is narrated is illustrative, rather than determinate, should not limit to protection scope of the present invention with this.
Embodiment 1:2011, move and grow the Tai Pu river territory, public freshwater Shanghai of releasing net cage is set in plan, in the time that being 2-3 centimetre, total length specification collects grey mullet fry 10,000 tails of artificial propagation, in the time that specification is total length 2-20 centimetre, desalination is processed, method is in temporarily supporting container and/or Cultivation container, slowly to add fresh water, allows salinity in the water environment of fry growth drop to zero degree in one week, allows them adapt to fresh water living environment, use conventional fishing medicine desinsection and sterilizing simultaneously, prevent fish disease propagation; Take surviving transportation method to transfer to need to move to grow in the water environment net cage of releasing and support temporarily; In the temporarily foster process of 3-10 days, give fry sterilizing, prevent that shipping damage from causing infecting and death; Then part net cage is submerged in water, allow fry independently swim out of net cage, own active enters to move grows waters, improves and moves the survival rate of growing the fry of releasing; Remove net cage, remove the impact on natural water area ecology: reach freshwater propagation grey mullet, realize the object of grey mullet at the carbon remittance Fishery value of freshwater.
Public freshwater moves grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, it is characterized in that the fish of releasing seawater grey mullet as freshwater, increase freshwater enhancement species, increased at freshwater the detergent power that grey mullet brings, at the carbon remittance Fishery value of freshwater performance grey mullet.
Public freshwater moves grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, it is characterized in that moving growing Shi You lake, waters, rivers, reservoir, the pond of the grey mullet of releasing, the public freshwater of artificial swamp feature.
Public freshwater moves grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, and it is characterized in that grey mullet fry is the fry of wild natural fry and/or artificial propagation, and size specification is total length 2-20 centimetre.
Public freshwater moves grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, and it is characterized in that desalinating handling procedure and is arranged in before long-distance transportation, and the place that desalination is processed is arranged in nursery, seashore.
Public freshwater moves grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing; it is characterized in that desalinating handling procedure is arranged in after long-distance transportation; seawater grey mullet fry On Transportaion of Live is grown to the place of releasing to moving; move the bank of growing the public freshwater of releasing in plan membranaceous waterproof enclosure net cage is set; adjust salinity identical with before transportation, seawater grey mullet seedling slowly adds fresh water to desalinate processing after moving into gradually.
Public freshwater moves grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, and it is characterized in that carrying out fish disease prevention, conventional fishing medicine pesticide-germicide before and after On Transportaion of Live; ensure fish body health; allow fry oneself initiatively swim out of net cage, enter to move and grow waters, improve and move the survival rate of growing the fry of releasing.
Embodiment 2:2012 moves and grows the public freshwater Microcystins in The Dianshan Lake waters of releasing net cage is set in plan, collection total length specification is wild natural grey mullet fry 20,000 tails of 2-5 centimetre, in the time that being total length 2-20 centimetre, specification processes through desalination, in supporting container and/or Cultivation container temporarily, slowly add fresh water, in one week, allow the salinity in the water environment of fry growth be zero, allow them adapt to fresh water living environment, use conventional fishing medicine desinsection and sterilizing simultaneously, prevent fish disease propagation; Take surviving transportation method to transfer to need to move to grow in the water environment net cage of releasing and support temporarily; In 3-10 days support process temporarily, to fry sterilizing, prevent that shipping damage from causing infecting and death; Then part net cage is submerged in water, allow fry independently swim out of net cage, own active enters to move grows waters, improves and moves the survival rate of growing the fry of releasing; Remove net cage, remove the impact on natural water area ecology; Reach freshwater propagation grey mullet, realize the object of grey mullet at the carbon remittance Fishery value of freshwater.
Embodiment 3: the place that present embodiment and embodiment 2 desalinations are processed is arranged in nursery, seashore, and desalination handling procedure is arranged in before long-distance transportation.Net cage mesh size take can limit fry in net cage as degree, while giving fry sterilizing in temporarily foster 3-10 days processes, with airtight film material enclosure, guarantee the controllability of sterilizing scope, then part net cage is submerged in water, allow fry independently swim out of net cage, own active enters to move grows waters, improves to move and grows the survival rate of releasing; Remove net cage, remove the impact on natural water area ecology; Reach freshwater propagation grey mullet, realize the object of grey mullet at the carbon remittance Fishery value of freshwater.
Embodiment 4: present embodiment and embodiment 3 desalinate handling procedure and be arranged in after long-distance transportation; seawater grey mullet fry On Transportaion of Live is grown to the place of releasing to moving; move the bank of growing the public freshwater of releasing in plan membranaceous waterproof enclosure net cage is set; adjust salinity identical with before transportation, seawater grey mullet seedling slowly adds fresh water to desalinate processing after moving into gradually.Supporting temporarily the interior fry existence of enclosure water salinity in 3-10 days is down to zero, support temporarily in process to fry sterilizing, guarantee the controllability of sterilizing scope with airtight waterproof membranaceous material enclosure net cage, support and after 3-10 days, part net cage is submerged in water temporarily, allow fry independently swim out of net cage, own active enters to move grows waters, improves and moves the survival rate of growing the fry of releasing; Remove net cage, remove the impact on natural water area ecology; Reach freshwater propagation grey mullet, realize the object of grey mullet at the carbon remittance Fishery value of freshwater.
This case exclusively has in the water environment of inland-lake pool, river course, reservoir, pond, landscape water body, artificial wet land system and moves the right of growing the grey mullet of releasing, and has freshwater and realizes grey mullet carbon and converge the exclusive right of Fishery value.Grey mullet moves and grows the sphere of interest that the area size of releasing, quantity all belong to this case.This case also has and utilizes grey mullet improve water quality and increase economic activity and the social activities exclusive right that aquatic products outputs is object in natural fresh water waters, in natural fresh water waters any handing-over both sides, both sides of supply and demand for article grey mullet, grant and accept both sides and all invade the interests of this case.
Claims (7)
1. public freshwater moves and grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, in lake, the public freshwater of rivers, reservoir, pond, artificial swamp moves and grow the grey mullet of releasing; Grey mullet fry is the fry of wild natural fry and/or artificial propagation, and specification is total length 2-20 centimetre; Enter before freshwater and process through desalination, in supporting container and/or Cultivation container temporarily, slowly add fresh water, in one week, allow salinity in the water environment of fry growth drop to zero degree, allow them adapt to fresh water living environment; Use fishing medicine desinsection and sterilizing simultaneously, prevent that fish disease from bringing public freshwater into, the waters of releasing in plan arranges net cage, takes surviving transportation method to transfer to need to move to grow in the water environment net cage of releasing to support temporarily; Give foster fry sterilizing temporarily, prevent infection and death that shipping damage causes; Part net cage is submerged in water, allow fry oneself initiatively swim out of net cage, enter to move and grow waters, improve and move the survival rate of growing the fry of releasing, remove net cage, at the carbon remittance Fishery value of freshwater performance grey mullet.
2. public freshwater according to claim 1 moves and grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, it is characterized in that the fish of releasing seawater grey mullet as freshwater, increase freshwater enhancement species, increase at freshwater the detergent power that grey mullet brings, at the carbon remittance Fishery value of freshwater performance grey mullet.
3. public freshwater according to claim 1 moves and grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, it is characterized in that moving growing Shi You lake, waters, rivers, reservoir, the pond of the grey mullet of releasing, the public freshwater of artificial swamp feature.
4. public freshwater according to claim 1 moves and grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, and it is characterized in that grey mullet fry is the fry of wild natural fry and/or artificial propagation, and size specification is total length 2-20 centimetre.
5. public freshwater according to claim 1 moves and grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, and it is characterized in that desalinating handling procedure and is arranged in before long-distance transportation, and the place that desalination is processed is arranged in nursery, seashore.
6. move and grow the seawater grey mullet method of releasing according to the public freshwater described in claims 1; it is characterized in that desalinating handling procedure is arranged in after long-distance transportation; seawater grey mullet fry On Transportaion of Live is grown to the place of releasing to moving; move the bank of growing the public freshwater of releasing in plan membranaceous waterproof enclosure net cage is set; adjust salinity identical with before transportation, seawater grey mullet seedling slowly adds fresh water to desalinate processing after moving into gradually.
7. according to claim
public freshwater described in 1 moves grows the seawater grey mullet method of releasing, and it is characterized in that carrying out fish disease prevention, conventional fishing medicine pesticide-germicide before and after On Transportaion of Live; ensure fish body health; allow fry oneself initiatively swim out of net cage, enter to move and grow waters, improve and move the survival rate of growing the fry of releasing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210436103.3A CN103782928A (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2012-11-05 | Method for colonizing and releasing seawater mullets in public freshwater area |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210436103.3A CN103782928A (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2012-11-05 | Method for colonizing and releasing seawater mullets in public freshwater area |
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| CN103782928A true CN103782928A (en) | 2014-05-14 |
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| CN201210436103.3A Pending CN103782928A (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2012-11-05 | Method for colonizing and releasing seawater mullets in public freshwater area |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104221966A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-24 | 三峡大学 | Method and simulated natural riverway model device for improving field survival rate of released baby fish |
| CN109644904A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-19 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | One kind is in spawning ground river salmon-type three seasons enhancement releasing method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104221966A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-24 | 三峡大学 | Method and simulated natural riverway model device for improving field survival rate of released baby fish |
| CN109644904A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-19 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | One kind is in spawning ground river salmon-type three seasons enhancement releasing method |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |