CN103782191B

CN103782191B - Interferometry scanning system and method

Info

Publication number: CN103782191B
Application number: CN201280044195.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 米歇尔·萨尔基斯; 米克尔·特斯塔; 理查德·斯蒂林-加尔拉切尔
Original assignee: Sony Corp
Current assignee: Sony Corp
Priority date: 2011-09-12
Filing date: 2012-09-07
Publication date: 2017-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-07
Also published as: CN103782191A; WO2013037701A1

Abstract

It is used for the present invention relates to one kind using electromagnetic wave to object（1）The interferometry scanning system being scanned（1000）, the object（1）With major axis（A）, the major axis（A）Definition has first, second, third and fourth quadrant（I, II, III, IV）Coordinate system an axle.The system includes first antenna component（301）, first antenna component（301）Including first antenna block（201）With the second antenna block（202）, first antenna block（201）Including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces include being used to launch electromagnetic wave as transmission signal（103）At least one transmitter components（101）, first antenna block（201）It is arranged in first quartile（I）It is interior；And the second antenna block（202）Including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces only include being used to receive coming from object（1）The electromagnetic wave launched reflection be used as receive signal（105）Receiver element（102）, the second antenna block（202）It is arranged in adjacent first quartile（I）The second quadrant（II）It is interior.The system（1000）Further comprise the second antenna module（302）, the second antenna module（302）Including third antenna block（203）With the 4th antenna block（204）, third antenna block（203）Including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces include being used to launch electromagnetic wave as transmission signal（103）At least one transmitter components（101）, third antenna block（203）It is arranged in third quadrant（III）It is interior；And the 4th antenna block（204）Including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces only include being used to receive coming from object（1）The electromagnetic wave launched reflection be used as receive signal（105）Receiver element（102）, the 4th antenna block（204）It is arranged in adjacent third quadrant（III）Fourth quadrant（IV）It is interior.The system（1000）Further comprise be used for using interferometric method to from receive signal（105）The baseband signal of down conversion（105a, 105b）At least one signal processing unit handled（100）, interferometric method is including to specific receiver element（102）Between at least one differenceIt is determined.

Description

Interferometry scanning system and method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of interferometry scanning system and method for being scanned using electromagnetic wave to object, tool Body, in the range of 1GHz to 10THz, it is preferable that between 30GHz to 300GHz（For example, millimeter wave or sub- millimeter Ripple）.Specifically, the system and method can additionally provide object images（For example, 3D rendering）.The invention further relates to one Plant computer program and a kind of computer-readable non-volatile media for being used to implement this method.

Background technology

For example, can be entrance security scanner according to the scanning system of the present invention.The entrance security scanner extensively should For in public places, for example, whether airport, any suspicious object is concealed with objects such as detection people.Specifically, it is existing Due to the increase of the amount of security threat, the application of the entrance scanner in public places such as airports has necessitated.Example Such as, by using frequency modulation continuous wave（FMCW）Technology is to depth（depth）Parsed or by using reflector day Linear array focuses on electromagnetic wave on points different in space, and the entrance security scanner can generate object（People）Image.This Two kinds of technologies are in extracting object（3D）It is restricted during image.

For example, for FMCW technologies, it is necessary to very high bandwidth come realize precision depth resolution.The mark of FMCW systems Quasi- depth accuracy △ R are defined as follows：

Wherein, c is the speed of light, and BW is the bandwidth of FMCW transmission signals or waveform.Just for example, to realize 1cm depth The degree of accuracy or resolution ratio, it is necessary to 15GHz bandwidth.The larger bandwidth realizes lower frequency（For example, 35GHz）With choosing War property, and the use of higher frequency（For example, more than or equal to 140GHz）So that scanning system or entrance security scanner are non- Chang Anggui.

For example, for using such as US6, the reflector antenna battle array technology disclosed in 965,340B1 is, it is necessary to by by wave beam The multiple subtle three-dimensional pixels focused in space（fine voxel）On perform very fine electron scanning.Generally, this Lose time very much and cause capture time longer, so as to cause the image of low frame per second.

US7,583,221B2 disclose a kind of equipment including at least one transmitting and reception system, and the equipment is along institute The periphery for stating test object is shown test object using millimeter wave and receives scattered wave in succession.The equipment further comprises from connecing Receive the analysis system that ripple generates test object image.The transmitting antenna and reception antenna of each transmitting and reception system are oriented to So that the reception direction for checking direction and reception antenna of transmitting antenna with 15 ° to 70 ° of overturning angle in the major axis of test object. Analysis system is divided the radiation being scattered on the long axis direction of test object using pulse radar or fmcw radar concept Analysis, and SAR concepts are for the analysis perpendicular to major axis.Transmitting and reception system, which can have, to be carried for the inclined of scattered field The extra receiving device of antenna is put, to carry out interferometry analysis to scattered field information.In the implementation shown in US7,583,221B2 In example, transmitting and reception system are rotated around fixed test object, so that it along its periphery there is millimeter wave to show in succession. It is another to propose that alternative solution include the whole week that transmitting single in antenna array and reception antenna are arranged in test object Side.

The problem of system is due to be rotated around object.Scanning is slower（Sweep time is long）.One problem of the system is also It can be its hardware complexity and thus become costliness.The problem of system, may also be due to that receiver there is no any letter Number high probability, so in image have stain（Lose data）Probability height.The other problemses of the system are probably to have The fact that detected to the hidden object of different depth layer is closed, it can not be analyzed the object of multilayer depth layer.

The content of the invention

There is low-complexity it is an object of the invention to provide one kind（Thus cost efficient is had more）And/or faster or more The scanning system and method for short sweep time.It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of computer program and for implementing the party The computer-readable Volatile media of method.

There is provided a kind of interferometry scanning for being used to be scanned object using electromagnetic wave according to an aspect of the present invention System, the object has major axis, and major axis defines an axle of the coordinate system with first, second, third and fourth quadrant.Should System includes first antenna component, and first antenna component includes first antenna block and the second antenna block, and first antenna block is included extremely Few antenna traces, at least one antenna traces include being used to launch electromagnetic wave as at least one transmitting of transmission signal Device element, first antenna block is arranged in first quartile；And the second antenna block includes at least one antenna traces, and this at least one Individual antenna traces only include the reflection for being used for the electromagnetic wave of transmitting of the reception from object as the receiver element for receiving signal, Second antenna block is arranged in the adjacent quadrant of first quartile second.The system includes the second antenna module, the second antenna module bag Third antenna block and the 4th antenna block are included, third antenna block includes at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces bag Include for launching electromagnetic wave as at least one transmitter components of transmission signal, third antenna block is arranged in third quadrant； And the 4th antenna block includes at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces only include being used to receive from object The reflection of the electromagnetic wave of transmitting is as the receiver element for receiving signal, and the 4th antenna block is arranged in the 4th of adjacent third quadrant In quadrant.The system further comprises at least one signal processing unit, and at least one signal processing unit is used for using dry Measuring method is related to being handled from the baseband signal for receiving signal down conversion, interferometric method is included to specific receiver member At least one difference between part is determined.

It is used to sweep the interferometry that object is scanned using electromagnetic wave there is provided a kind of according to another aspect of the present invention Method is retouched, the object has major axis, major axis defines an axle of the coordinate system with first, second, third and fourth quadrant. This method includes being used as transmission signal by first antenna block transmitting electromagnetic wave, and first antenna block includes having at least one transmitting At least one antenna traces of device element, first antenna block is arranged in first quartile；And by the second antenna block receive come Include at least one antenna traces as signal, the second antenna block is received from the reflection of the electromagnetic wave of the transmitting of object, this is at least One antenna traces only includes receiver element, and the second antenna block is arranged in the second quadrant of adjacent first quartile.This method Further comprise that launching electromagnetic wave by third antenna block is used as transmission signal, third antenna block includes at least one antenna line Road, at least one antenna traces include at least one transmitter components, and third antenna block is arranged in third quadrant；And lead to The reflection of electromagnetic wave of transmitting of the 4th antenna block reception from object is crossed as reception signal, the 4th antenna block includes at least one Individual antenna traces, at least one antenna traces only include receiver element, and the 4th antenna block is arranged in adjacent third quadrant In fourth quadrant.This method further comprises using interferometric method at the baseband signal progress for receiving signal down conversion Reason, interferometric method includes being determined at least one difference between specific receiver element.

It is used to be scanned object using electromagnetic wave and for providing there is provided one kind according to another aspect of the present invention The interferometry scanning of object images and imaging system.The system includes first antenna component, and first antenna component includes first Antenna block and the second antenna block, first antenna block include at least one antenna traces, and at least one antenna traces include being used for Launch electromagnetic wave as at least one transmitter components of transmission signal；And the second antenna block includes at least one antenna line Road, at least one antenna traces receive reflecting as reception signal at least for the electromagnetic wave launched from object including being used for Three receiver elements.At least one transmitter components of one antenna traces and the receiver element of a respective antenna circuit Form a scan line.The system further comprises at least one signal processing unit, and at least one signal processing unit is used In using interferometric method to from receive signal down conversion baseband signal handle, interferometric method include to for At least three important receiver elements of each scan line are determined, and the dominant for receiving signal is received in this at least In three important receiver elements；And for each scan line that wherein important receiver element is determined, it is determined that at least The second difference between the first difference and second pair of important receiver element between a pair of important receiver elements.This at least one Individual signal processor is further configured to provide object images using at least first difference and the second difference.

It is used to be scanned object using electromagnetic wave there is provided one kind according to another aspect and for providing object images Interferometry scanning and imaging method.This method includes being used as transmission signal, first by first antenna block transmitting electromagnetic wave Antenna block includes at least one antenna traces, and at least one antenna traces include at least one transmitter components；And pass through Second antenna block receives the reflection of the electromagnetic wave of the transmitting from object as reception signal, and the second antenna block includes at least one Antenna traces, at least one antenna traces include at least three receiver elements.At least one transmitting of one antenna traces Receiver element one scan line of formation of device element and a respective antenna circuit.This method further comprises surveying using interference Amount method from the baseband signal for receiving signal down conversion to handling, and interference scan method includes determining to be used for each scan line At least three important receiver elements；And for each scan line that wherein important receiver element is determined, it is determined that extremely Second difference of the first difference and second pair of important receiver element between few first pair of important receiver element.This method is entered One step provides object images including the use of at least first difference and the second difference.

Still according to more another aspects, a kind of computer program includes program component, and the timer is used to hold on computers During the row computer program, computer is set to perform the step of one in the method according to the invention, and it is computer-readable Non-volatile media has instruction stored thereon, when execute instruction on computers, and instruction causes computer to perform root The step of one in the method provided according to the present invention.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention defined in dependent claims.It should be appreciated that the method asked, institute The computer program of request and the computer-readable non-volatile media asked have and institute's Request System and and appurtenance Similar and/or identical preferred embodiment defined in profit requirement.However, it should be understood that the scanning asked and into As system has to asked scanning system and and/or identical embodiment similar to defined in dependent claims.

The present invention is based on offer with the specific antenna traces arrangement for providing faster sweep time and/or less antenna element Scanning system theory, while also providing the good and/or complete image of object.First antenna component includes first day Line block（With at least one transmitter components）With the second antenna block（Only there is receiver element, thus without transmitter member Part）.Equally, the second antenna module also includes third antenna block（With at least one transmitter components）With the 4th antenna block（Only With receiver element, thus without transmitter components）.Antenna block is distributed in four quadrants.First antenna component and second Antenna module " not in same position ", i.e. first antenna component and the second antenna module are arranged in the opposite side of object（It is all Such as, front and back）.The front and back effectively to object is so, it is possible to be scanned.For example, using first antenna block Transmitter components can be to being scanned in front of object（Front scan）, and can be to the rear of object using third antenna block It is scanned（Back scan）.Therefore, using for launching and receiving at least two of electromagnetic wave（More than one）Antenna module. With the use that takes longer for compared with the system of the machinery rotation of the antenna of object, thus the present invention carries For faster sweep time.Compared with the system on whole object circumference using antenna, thus the present invention usually requires that more A small number of purpose antenna elements.In addition, because antenna block can be spaced apart with object with enough distances, the present invention can be Object provides more spaces.With using the mechanical system rotated of the antenna round or around object or justifying in whole object Compared on week using the system of antenna, wherein, antenna needs to be arranged to very small radius to realize during faster scanning Between, thus the system according to the present invention provides more or enough spaces for object.

The present invention is based on using for the interferometric method to being handled from the baseband signal for receiving signal down conversion Theory, interferometric method include at least one difference between some specific elements in receiving element is determined, Specifically, between the dominant for receiving signal is received in important receiver element therein.Specifically, at least first The second difference between the first difference and second pair of important receiver element between important receiver element can be determined.One To the important receiver element（Two receiver elements）It may be additionally referred to as baseline.Using multiple（More than one）Baseline is also claimed For " many baselines " concept.Equally, because there is the high or higher probability that signal is obtained in receiver element, it is achieved that figure There is stain as in（Lose data）More low probability., can be to several depth compared with only determining the system of a base station Object on layer is parsed.

The scanning system or method of the present invention can provide more low-complexity and thus more cost effective hardware, Specifically, the scanning system or method are restricted lower in terms of hardware implementation（For example, using corresponding less expensive low bandwidth Part）.The scanning system or method of the present invention can be provided faster or shorter sweep time and/or can produced higher Resolution ratio（3D）Image, specifically, with finer depth resolution.The scanning system or method of the present invention can be real There is stain in existing image（Lose data）And/or to low probability that the object in several depth layers is parsed.

Brief description of the drawings

It is of the invention from the more detailed explanation specifically carried out referring to embodiments described hereinafter These and other aspects are said obviously.In drawings below：

Fig. 1 is shown for the scanning system to being scanned according to the utilization electromagnetic wave of first embodiment to object Stereogram；

Fig. 2 shows the top view of the basic embodiment of scanning system；

Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b each illustrate the top view of the scanning system according to second embodiment；

Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b each illustrate the top view of the scanning system according to the 3rd embodiment；

Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b each illustrate the top view according to the scanning system of first embodiment in Fig. 1；

Fig. 6 shows the front elevation of the first or second antenna module of scanning system, specifically, shows in Fig. 1 The front elevation of one embodiment；

Fig. 7 shows the front elevation of the first or second antenna module according to the scanning system of optional embodiment；

Fig. 8 shows the flow chart of the interferometric method according to an embodiment；

Fig. 9 a and Fig. 9 b, which are shown, determines difference and two optional embodiments the step of depth value in Fig. 8；

Figure 10 show be a part for each antenna block 1 or be attached to each antenna block 1 Exemplary receiver member The schematic block diagram of part；

Figure 11 a are shown including only having the day of at least one antenna traces of the receiver element according to first embodiment The schematic block diagram of line block；

Figure 11 b show the schematic block diagram of the antenna traces only with the receiver element according to second embodiment；

Figure 12 a show the antenna traces with single transmitter components, specifically, show shown in Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b Embodiment antenna traces；

Figure 12 b show the schematic block diagram of the antenna traces with single transmitter components and multiple receiver elements, Specifically, the antenna traces of the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are shown；

Figure 12 c show the schematic block diagram of the antenna traces with emitter/receiver element, specifically, show The antenna traces of embodiment shown in Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b；And

Figure 12 d show the schematic block diagram of the first or second antenna module, specifically, show shown in Fig. 6 The antenna module of embodiment.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 is shown for the scanning system to being scanned according to the utilization electromagnetic wave of first embodiment to object 1 1000 stereogram.In addition, system 1000 can provide the image of object 1.Herein, scanning system 1000 is used for object 1 The entrance security scanner checked, object 1 is the main body or people shown in Fig. 1.The system may include to be used to generate FMCW transmits signal 103 or the signal generator of signal 103 is transmitted in pulse（Not shown in Fig. 1）.

Specifically, scanning system 1000 can be swept using electromagnetic wave in the range of between 1GHz and 10THz to object 1 Retouch, it is preferable that between 30GHz and 300GHz.Therefore, electromagnetic wave can be millimeter wave（Abbreviation mm ripples）Or sub- millimeter wave （Abbreviation sub-mm ripples）.The frequency and the most dress materials of wavelength transmissive.This allows in the frequency or wave-length coverage The scanning system 1000 of interior work is detected to the hidden object or article below clothes.Therefore, by scanning（With into Picture）Suspect object or article can be positioned automatically in the image that system 1000 is provided.Use mm ripples or sub-mm ripples Another advantage is that compared with such as X-ray, these electromagnetic waves being applied on the mankind are safe.Mm ripples or sub-mm ripples It is ionising radiation and therefore it has relatively low influence to health really.

As shown in figure 1, object 1 has major axis A, major axis A definition has first quartile I, the second quadrant II, third quadrant One axle of III and fourth quadrant IV coordinate system.Coordinate system has the origin O of placing objects 1.Coordinate system has first （x）Axle and second（z）Axle.First quartile I, the second quadrant II, third quadrant III and fourth quadrant IV are by first（x）Axle and Second（z）Axle is defined or separated.Coordinate system further comprises the 3rd axle on major axis A direction（y）.Therefore, the 3rd axle（y） It is the axle defined by the major axis A of object or main body 1.

Scanning system 1000 includes the antenna module 302 of first antenna component 301 and second.First antenna component 301 includes First antenna block 201, first antenna block 201 includes at least one antenna traces（It is horizontally disposed in Fig. 1）, at least one day Line circuit includes being used to launch electromagnetic wave as at least one transmitter components 101 of transmission signal 103.First antenna block 201 In the first quartile I of arrangement in Fig. 1.First antenna component 301 further comprises the second antenna block 202, the second antenna block 202 Including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces only include being used to receive the electromagnetism launched from object 1 The reflection of ripple is used as the receiver element 102 for receiving signal 105.Second antenna block 202 is arranged in first quartile I in adjacent map 1 The second quadrant II in.Second antenna module 302 includes third antenna block 203, and third antenna block 203 includes at least one antenna Circuit, at least one antenna traces include being used to launch electromagnetic wave as at least one transmitter components of transmission signal 103 101.Third antenna block 203 is arranged in third quadrant III.Second antenna module 302 further comprises the 4th antenna block 204, 4th antenna block 204 includes at least one antenna traces, and at least one antenna traces only include being used to receive from object 1 The reflection for the electromagnetic wave launched is used as the receiver element 102 for receiving signal 105.4th antenna block 204 is arranged in adjacent the In three quadrant III fourth quadrant IV.

As shown in figure 1, third quadrant III is relative with first quartile I diagonal formulas（And it is non-adjacent）.By in diagonal formula Transmitter components 101 are provided in relative sector, it is possible to achieve the lowest interference of transmission signal 103.Each antenna traces are solid Determine antenna traces.Being each included in the antenna module 302 of first antenna component 301 and second is multiple on major axis A direction Antenna traces, so as to form the sensor of two-dimensional array（transducer）Element.Each antenna line in first antenna block 201 Each antenna traces in road and third antenna block 203 include multiple transmitter components 101.Each antenna traces are arranged in In the different emitter/receiver plane P of the major axis A of object 1.For the antenna sets of first antenna component 301 and second It is each in part 302, the receiver member of at least one transmitter components 101 of antenna traces and a respective antenna circuit Part 102 is arranged in the same emitter/receiver plane P of the major axis A perpendicular to object 1.For the He of first antenna component 301 It is each in second antenna module 302, the receiver of the transmitter components 101 of an antenna traces and a respective antenna circuit Element 102（It is arranged in same emitter/receiver plane P）Form a scan line.

From figure 1 it appears that can be swept using the transmitter components 101 of first antenna block 201 to the front of object 1 Retouch（Front scan）.The rear of object 1 can be scanned using the transmitter components 101 of third antenna block 203（Sweep at the back side Retouch）.Therefore, using two antenna modules 301 and 302 for launching and receiving electromagnetic wave.By using the front scan and Back scan, can comprehensively be scanned from each in face of object or main body 1.In front scan and back scan, first Each antenna traces of antenna block 201 or third antenna block 203（Or scan line）Each energy of emitter antenna circuit 101 It is enough to send transmission signal 103, specifically,（Broadband）Mm ripples or sub-mm ripples transmission signal.

From figure 1 it appears that scanning system 1000 further comprises one（Or at least one）By reference number 100 Described is used for the signal processing unit to being handled from the baseband signal 105a and 105b that receive the down conversion of signal 105. At least one signal processing unit 100（For example, processor or microprocessor）It is configured to use interferometric method pair From baseband signal 105a and the 105b processing for receiving the down conversion of signal 105, interferometric method is included as following more detailed At least one difference between the specific receiver element 102 of determination carefully describedSpecifically, this at least one difference can be with It is between the important receiver element that is received of dominant for wherein receiving signal.A pair of important receiver elements （Two receiver elements）Also referred to as baseline.Using multiple（More than one）It may be additionally referred to as " many baselines " concept.

It should be appreciated that at least one signal processing unit can be single processing unit or can be multiple Processing unit.In the embodiment of figure 1, signal processing unit 100 is included for acquisition and/or the He of controlling transmission signal 103 From the signal acquiring unit for the baseband signal 105a and 105b for receiving the down conversion of signal 105（For example, controller）.It should be understood that It is that signal acquiring unit 109 can also be separate unit.Signal processing unit 100 further comprises the figure for providing object 1 The imaging unit 110 of picture.Alternatively, shown in dotted line, signal processing unit 100 may include post-processing unit 111.In addition, can Selection of land, shown in dotted line, the system can further comprise for the display 112 of display image and/or for storage image Memory.

As described above, the scanning system 1000 of the embodiment in Fig. 1 is configured for providing the image of object 1. After obtaining baseband signal 105a and 105b, signal acquiring unit 109, which is transferred to, builds object or main body 1（3D）Figure The imaging unit 110 of picture.Use the difference of at least one determinationThus the image is constructed using interferometric method.Can Selection of land, is automatically positioned suspect object in the picture or article can.

As described above, signal processing unit 100 includes signal acquiring unit 109 with acquisition and/or controlling transmission signal 103 With reception signal 105.Signal acquiring unit 109 via connection or communication channel 108 and each antenna block 201,202,203 with And 204 communicated.Herein, when main body or people enter scanning system 1000 or entrance security scanner as object 1, obtain Unit 109 is taken to start scanning process.The task of acquiring unit 109 is by connection or communication channel 108 and transmitter member Part 101 is communicated, thus using electromagnetic wave as transmission signal 103 launch to object or main body 1, and by connection or Communication channel 108 receives the reflection of launched electromagnetic wave from receiver element 102（Reflected from object 1）It is used as reception signal.

Signal acquiring unit 109 can will transmit signal 103, and specifically, broadband transmission signal is sent to each antenna block 201st, 202,203 and 204 transmitter components 101.The signal generator referred to before is synchronous with signal acquiring unit 109. Signal generator may be arranged in each antenna block.Synchronization unit may be arranged in signal acquiring unit 109.For providing from connecing One acceptor unit of the baseband signal of collection of letters down conversion or multiple acceptor units may be arranged in each antenna block Or it is attached to each antenna block.

Using signal multiplex concept can in succession or each antenna traces of transmitted in parallel transmitter components 101 biography Defeated signal 103.In the case of sequential transmissions transmission signal 103, signal acquiring unit 109 is with antenna block 201 or 203 in spy The each transmitter components 101 for determining antenna traces are communicated so that transmitter components 101 are launched one at a time, simultaneously Signal acquiring unit 109 is communicated with receiving signal 105 with all receiver elements 102.For specific antenna circuit Interior each transmitter components 101, the process is continuously repeated, until all transmitter components 101 in antenna traces send signal. In the case of parallel transmission transmission signal 103, the transmitter in signal acquiring unit 109 and an antenna block 201 or 202 Element 101 is communicated so that（In all antenna traces or scan line）Transmitter components 101 use independent not simultaneous interpretation The defeated transmitted in parallel of signal 103 transmits signal 103.For example, different frequencies or usable energy can be used in these transmission signals 103 Enough so that Signal separator and the form or coding that are received.

In each antenna block or it is attached to the acceptor unit of each antenna block and can receives and come from from receiver element 102 The electromagnetic wave of the reflection of object or main body 1 is used as reception signal 105.Then, acceptor unit can will receive 105 times changes of signal Change baseband signal 105a and 105b into.Then, it is transmitted to imaging unit from the baseband signal 105a and 105b of 105 down conversions 110.Imaging unit 110 can provide topography using " multi-baseline interference measurement " concept described herein.Then, it is imaged Topography can be combined to constitute the complete image of object or main body 1 by unit 110.Alternatively, post processing can be used Unit 111 is post-processed to image, for example, being automatically positioned suspicious object in the picture（For example, using machine learning algorithm）. Still optionally further,（Post processing or non-post processing）Image is visualized on the display 112, and/or is stored in and is deposited On storage unit（For example, memory body）.

After the transmitting electromagnetic wave of transmitter components 101 of an antenna traces or scan line, electromagnetic wave strikes pair As scattering on 1 and in a plurality of directions.Second with receiver element 102 is hit back in the most strong reflection scattered from object 1 Antenna block 202 or third antenna block 204 and can as receive signal 105 be received.Intermediate frequency can be converted into by receiving signal （IF）.Equally,（IF）Receiving signal can be obtained by signal acquisition system 109.Signal acquiring unit 109 is for each antenna traces Or scan line repeats the process, until（In Fig. 1 the 3rd（y）On direction）Whole object 1 is completed to scan.Then,（IF） Reception signal is transmitted to from signal acquiring unit 109 wherein to be built（3D）The imaging unit 110 of image.Then, image can quilt Directly display on the display 112 and/or be stored in memory cell.Alternatively, first, post-processing unit 111 can be used Image is post-processed, then, final image is displayed on display 112 and/or is stored in memory cell. In Fig. 1, post-processing unit 111 is separate unit.It is to be understood, however, that post-processing unit 111 can also be integrated into it is another Unit, such as, imaging unit 110.

Generally, according to one side described herein, for the scan method being scanned using electromagnetic wave to object 1 It is used as transmission signal 103 including launching electromagnetic wave by first antenna block 201；And pass through（At least）Second antenna block 202（Just Surface scan）The reflection of the electromagnetic wave launched from object 1 is received as reception signal 105.This method further comprises leading to The transmitting electromagnetic wave of third antenna block 203 is crossed as transmission signal 103；And pass through（At least）4th antenna block 204（Sweep at the back side Retouch）The reflection of the electromagnetic wave launched from object 1 is received as reception signal 105.This method further comprises using dry Measuring method is related to from baseband signal 105a and the 105b processing for receiving the down conversion of signal 105, interferometric method includes Determine at least one difference between specific receiver element 102

Concept described herein is referred to as " multi-baseline interference measurement ".Main points are to use " multi-baseline interference measurement " general Read to depth dimension（Second in Fig. 1（z）Direction）It is estimated.This needs to consider antenna traces arrangement, specifically, is swept The setting of the relevant object or the transmitter components 101 of main body and receiver element 102 retouched.The resolution ratio for obtaining image depends on In three factors.It is further explained below to explain in detail, first（x）Resolution ratio on direction of principal axis depends on the band of transmission signal It is wide.Second（z）Resolution ratio on direction of principal axis depends on the signal handled using interferometric method.3rd（y）Direction of principal axis On resolution ratio depend on being used to obtain the ad hoc approach of the dimension.It should be noted that antenna configuration disclosed herein and Accompanying drawing shows specific embodiment.It should be noted, however, that first（x-）With the 3rd on direction（y-）Resolution ratio on direction Can easily be exchanged by changing antenna configuration, for example, by make the left and right antenna block shown in Fig. 1 be turned into upwards and to Under.

Fig. 2 shows the top view of the basic embodiment of scanning system 1000.As described above, being shown in Fig. 2 vertical In the single emitter/receiver plane P of the major axis of object 1（Projection plane）.For example, scanning system can be sweeping in Fig. 1 Retouch system 1000.In this case, for simplicity, first antenna component 301 is only described in Fig. 2.In addition, in this feelings Under condition, it should be appreciated that be equally applicable to the second antenna module 302 to the statement that first antenna component 301 is carried out.

It is to be understood, however, that the scanning system 1000 in Fig. 2 can also only include a single antenna module 301, And it is not the first antenna component and the second antenna module shown in Fig. 1.In this case, first antenna block 201 and Two antenna blocks 202, which can be placed with, to be adjacent to each other（As shown in Figure 2）Or can be placed opposite of each other.Specifically, in Fig. 2 System can be for object 1 is scanned using electromagnetic wave and for provide the image of object 1 interferometry scanning With imaging system 1000.From figure 2 it can be seen that the system includes first antenna component 301, first antenna component 301 includes First antenna block 201, first antenna block 201 includes at least one antenna traces, and at least one antenna traces include being used to send out Radio magnetic wave is used as at least one transmitter components 101 for transmitting signal 103.First antenna component 301 further comprises second Antenna block 202, the second antenna block 202 includes at least one antenna traces, and at least one antenna traces include being arranged in scanning At least three receiver element 102a, 102b and 102c in line, for receiving the electromagnetic wave launched from object 1 Reflection be used as receive signal 105.At least one transmitter components of one antenna traces（101）With a respective antenna circuit Receiver element（102）Form a scan line.The system further comprises being used for using interferometric method to from reception At least one signal processing unit 100 that the baseband signal 105a and 105b of the down conversion of signal 105 are handled（Do not show in Fig. 2 Go out）.Specifically, interferometric method may include（The more detailed explanation carried out such as reference picture 8 and Fig. 9）To being swept for each At least three important receiver elements for retouching line are determined, and the dominant for receiving signal is received at least three weight Want in receiver element；And for each scan line that wherein important receiver element is determined, it is determined that at least the first counterweight Want the first difference between receiver elementThe second difference between second pair of important receiver elementThis is at least One signal processor 100 is configured to the first differenceWith the second differenceThe image of object 1 is provided.

In fig. 2, each antenna traces of the second antenna block 202 include at least three receiver element 102a, 102b And 102c（For simplicity, lucky three in Fig. 2）.In fig. 2, receiver element 102 is unified arranges, i.e. receiver member Part 102 is constant or unified be spaced apart apart from d with one.Alternatively, receiver element 102 also can disunity arrangement, i.e. It is spaced apart with variable distance.A pair of receiver elements（I.e. two receiver elements）It is referred to as baseline.Can from Fig. 2 Go out, the first baseline B is defined between the first receiver element 102a and the second receiver element 102b₁, and received first The second baseline B is defined between device element 201a and the 3rd receiver element 102c₂.Because having multiple（Herein, two）Baseline, institute So that there has been described " many baselines " concept.Based on baseband signal 105a and 105b, the phase between different receiver elements 102 is determined Difference.Determine the first baseline B1 the first difference（The first receiver element 102a and the second receiver element 102b it Between）, and determine the second baseline B₂Second difference（In the first receiver element 102a and the 3rd receiver element 102b Between）.Determined using the reception signal received at signal and the second receiver element 102b at the first receiver element 102a First differenceBelieved using the reception received at signal and the 3rd receiver element 102c at the first receiver element 102a Number determine second differ

From figure 2 it can be seen that each transmitter components 101 and each receiver element 102 are with angles non-normal and/or non- Zero angle θ is arranged in coordinate system.It is not 0 deg here it is referring to angle θ relative to any axle or is non-90 degree.If angle θ be 0 ° or 90 °, for calculating second（z）The interferometric method of dimension and it is relied on calculating first（x）The bandwidth of dimension will be same Dimension is resolved.Each transmitter components 101 and/or receiver element 102 are by with certain half-power beam width （HPBM）.Generally, for example, first（x-）HPBW desired value can be between 10 ° and 50 ° on direction.In this way, antenna Block can be covered in first（x）The whole object 1 being scanned on direction（For example, the body of people）.In order that interferometry concept is used, Transmitter components 101 can be launched relative to horizontal view angle theta in the x direction.This to application interferometry concept and 3rd（z）The necessary of depth value is calculated on direction.In one embodiment, antenna may be oriented, so that along level Direction x angle θ sends transmitting and receives signal.In another embodiment, first antenna block 201 can be relative to horizontal line x up times Pin ground tiltangleθ, and the second antenna block 202 can widdershins tiltangleθ.In this case, launching and receive signal will Along horizontal line x normal direction.Scanned object or main body 1 will be away from the antenna block 202 of first antenna block 201 and second Nominal distance R.Under these assumed conditions, the crossover range of the system can approximate calculation be as follows：

Wherein, c is the speed of light, and BW is the bandwidth for transmitting signal 103.Can generate in any suitable manner has The transmission signal of certain bandwidth.For example, a possibility is frequency of use modulation continuous wave（FMCW）As transmission signal 103, Bandwidth is wherein defined by the frequency bandwidth of chirped pulse.Another possibility is that the solution based on pulse for transmitting signal 103 Scheme（Signal is transmitted in pulse）, wherein, bandwidth is defined by the pulse persistance period.It should be appreciated that it is also possible to use any other Suitable transmission signal.

Will be with reference to different receiver elements（Receive a same part for image）Between differenceDefinition（Second（z）Side Upwards）Depth sensitivity.In terms of phase accuracy, depth sensitivity can be defined as foloows：

In above-mentioned equation（Equation（2））In, f is the centre frequency for transmitting signal 103, and B is two receiver elements Baseline or distance between 102.The equation（Equation（2））Give each radian of phase-detection（radian）Depth become Change or resolution ratio.The baseline length of maximum possible（The distance between or two receiver elements）It may be additionally referred to as " critical Baseline " B_c." Critical baseline " B_cIt can be defined as foloows：

Critical baseline B_cDefinition can be used and wherein still be performed the maximum baseline length of interferometry concept（Or two The distance between individual receiver element）.Generally, by making maximum baseline length（Or the ultimate range between receiver element） Less than Critical baseline B_c, can safety operation interferometric principle.

Use the resolution ratio for crossover range（Equation（1））, depth sensitivity in terms of phase accuracy（Equation （2））And Critical baseline B_c’（Equation（3））Above-mentioned equation, can be used " multi-baseline interference measurement " concept scanning system is entered The suitable design of row.In view of above-mentioned equation（Equation（1）、（2）And（3））All factors, for example, rated range value R according to It can change according to operating frequency in 0.5m between 3m.Generally, for example, the value of view angle theta can be between 20 ° to 80 °.Can be according to this Crossover range resolution ratio selection bandwidth needed for system.The phase-detection degree of accuracy indicated by ψ determines the actual grade of the system The degree of accuracy.Decision variable ψ is implemented by hardware.

Maximum baseline length B for interferometric method_maxEach pixel in image is parsed with thus be accordingly used in Receiver element 102 maximum number should be less than, specifically it is non-often less than Critical baseline B_c, specifically, it is proposed that 20% to 30% Critical baseline B_cFactor to realize optimum performance.However, in scan line or antenna traces receiver element 102 reality Number can be more than by Critical baseline B_cThe number of setting, so that it is guaranteed that receiver element 102 can capture anti-from object or main body 1 It is emitted back towards the signal come.Therefore, scan line（Or antenna traces）The number of interior receiver element 102 can be higher than important receiver member The number of part.Equally, the possibility in final image with stain is reduced.

Only for the concept is more easily understood, a kind of exemplary non-limiting setting will be provided.Assuming that rated range R It is 1.5m, view angle theta is 45 ° and frequency transmission signal f is 94GHz.For 2cm crossover range resolution ratioRequired band Wide BW will be about 10GHz.Critical baseline B_cThus it is 0.45m and the maximum baseline B therefore used in interferometry_maxShould be small In the value.Assuming that using for maximum baseline B_maxLower value, for example, 0.1m maximum baseline, while receiver element Effective number N_eIn each antenna traces（Unified arrangement）In be 5, then the distance between two continuous receiver elements are set It is set to 2cm.In actually implementing, to ensure 5 receiver elements while receiving the signal in each antenna traces, in fact, More than 5 reception antennas can be used.That is, it is necessary to install the reception of number N of the number more than or equal to 5 in this specific embodiment Device element receives signal to ensure to capture in each line.In actually implementing, how much the number of final installation elements depends on Configuration, cost and the complexity used.For example, 2 × N_eTo 5 × N_eFactor can be used as the guide of actual implementation, so as to reduce most There is the possibility of stain in whole image.

Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b each illustrate the top view of the scanning system according to second embodiment.Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are each Show the top view of the scanning system according to the 3rd embodiment.Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b each illustrate real according in Fig. 1 first Apply the top view of the scanning system of mode.Even if it should be appreciated that Fig. 1 shows the embodiment party corresponding to top view in Fig. 5 Formula, can also refer to such as the explanation in Fig. 1, and any other for implementing embodiment in such as Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 in the same manner is suitable Embodiment.However, it should be understood that any embodiments of the Fig. 3 into Fig. 5 is available for such as the explanation of reference picture 2 System, specifically, interferometry scanning and imaging system.If for example, single antenna module 301 is used only in the system, The configuration of first antenna block 201 and second antenna blocks 202 of the Fig. 3 into Fig. 5 shown in any embodiment（Itself and third antenna block 203 is identical with the configuration of the 4th antenna block 204）The antenna module single available for one.However, it should be understood that accompanying drawing In same reference numerals describe similar elements（Specifically, the element explained with reference to Fig. 1 or Fig. 2）.As described above, figure 3a, Fig. 4 a and Fig. 5 a each illustrate front scan, and Fig. 3 b, Fig. 4 b and Fig. 5 b each illustrate back scan.

In Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b embodiment, in the antenna traces of first antenna block 201 or third antenna block 203 only There are a transmitter components（Tx）, and without receiver element.The antenna element Tx of transmitting is only used for with spider White circle is represented.Therefore, first antenna block 201 and third antenna block 203 each are both designed to only be launched.In Fig. 3 a In Fig. 3 b embodiment, a part of reflected signal will not be captured.As described below, this still can be by signal processing unit or imaging Unit carries out partial correction.In Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, only the second antenna block 202 and the 4th antenna block 204 have receiver element （Rx）.Therefore, the second antenna block 202 and the 4th antenna block 204 each are designed to only be received.It is only used for the antenna received Element is represented with black circles.

In Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b embodiment, only in the antenna traces of first antenna block 201 or third antenna block 203 Intermediary element be transmitter components（Tx）, and the other elements in antenna traces are receiver elements（Rx）.Therefore, first day Line block 201 and third antenna block 203 are each both designed to be launched and received.Reference sign Tx＆Rx indicates each antenna Circuit includes the transmitter components and receiver element that can not switch.The respective quilt of second antenna block 202 and the 4th antenna block 204 It is designed to only be received.

In Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b embodiment, in the antenna traces of first antenna block 201 or third antenna block 203 Each element is for launching electromagnetic wave as transmission signal and for receiving the anti-of the electromagnetic wave launched from object 1 The emitter/receiver element penetrated（Tx/Rx）.Emitter/receiver element Tx/Rx is with common white circle（There is no cross Intersect）Represent.Therefore, first antenna block 201 and third antenna block 203 are each both designed to be launched and received.With reference to The emitter/receiver element that sign Tx/Rx refers in antenna traces is used as transmitter and receiver element.Second antenna block 202 and the 4th antenna block 204 each be both designed to only be received.

In front scan（For example, seeing Fig. 3 a, Fig. 4 a or Fig. 5 a）, the previous section progress to object or main body 1 Scanning.Each transmitter components in antenna traces send transmission signal.Due to the geometric form of scanned object or main body 1 , there are a variety of possibilities for receiving reflected signal in shape.In Fig. 3 a embodiment, there are two kinds of possibility for receiving reflected signal Property, i.e. the second antenna block 202 and the 4th antenna block 204.In Fig. 4 a embodiment and Fig. 5 a embodiment, exist and connect Receive three kinds of possibilities of reflected signal, i.e. first antenna block 201, the second antenna block 202 and the 4th antenna block 204.Object or The left part of person's main body 1 is likely to be received by the 4th antenna block 204.Remaining previous section of object or main body 1 is likely to Received by the second antenna block 202, and other parts are received relatively low possibility by first antenna block 201.It should be appreciated that When the rear side to object or main body 1 is scanned, will combine Fig. 3 b, Fig. 4 b or Fig. 5 b and apply is used for the phase of back scan Like explanation.

Fig. 6 shows the front elevation of the antenna module 302 of first antenna component 301 or second of scanning system 1000, tool Body, the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.It should be appreciated that Fig. 6 also show Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b or Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b or Person Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b embodiment scanning system.Antenna module 301 or 302 is included in major axis A direction（3rd（y）Axle side To）On multiple antenna traces or scan line so that formed two-dimensional array sensor element or antenna element.Often Individual antenna traces or scan line are arranged in the different emitter/receiver plane P of the major axis A perpendicular to object 1（3rd （y-）Direction of principal axis）.In figure 6, each antenna traces 201a or 203a, 201b or 203b, 201c or 203c and every Individual antenna traces 202a or 204a, 202b or 204b, 202c or 204c are fixed antenna circuits.

Fig. 7 show according to can optional embodiment scanning system 1000 first antenna component 301 or second day The front elevation of line component.In the figure 7, antenna module 301 or 302 is in major axis A direction（3rd（y）Direction of principal axis）It is upper removable, So that multiple scan lines can be formed by portable antenna component 301 or 302.

It is complete in order to obtain（3D）Image, in addition it is also necessary to the 3rd（y）Third dimension is scanned and provided on direction Enough resolution ratio.Realize that this purpose there are several possibilities, and some embodiments will be explained below.However, institute herein How the main aspect of description is first（x）Direction and second（z）Resolution ratio is realized on direction.This can combine any suitable Method realizes the 3rd（y）Resolution ratio on direction.

Specifically, it is determined that major axis A direction（3rd（y）Direction）It is upper to be used for the picture point of multiple antenna traces or scan line, For providing the 3-D view of object.In the first embodiment, using synthetic aperture radar（SAR）Concept can determine that picture point. In the second class alternative embodiment, these picture points are can determine that using Wave beam forming concept.It is determined at least one difference Before, for example, SAR or Wave beam forming concept can be used to determine major axis A direction（3rd（y-）Direction）On these picture points.This There is provided the image of more preferably resolution ratio.However, alternatively, after being determined at least one difference, for example, it is also possible to use SAR or Wave beam forming concept are to major axis A direction（3rd（y）Direction）On these picture points be determined.

As above, the 3rd（y）Realize that the first embodiment of resolution ratio uses synthetic aperture radar on direction（SAR）Concept, Wherein, by the 3rd（y）Launch at diverse location on direction and receive reflected signal（From object）And the 3rd（y）Side Set up large aperture upwards.In one embodiment, as shown in the embodiment in Fig. 7, this can be by the 3rd（y）Thing on direction Portable antenna block is managed to realize.The 3rd（y）Thus collect at each sampling location on direction and at each scan line and receive Signal.Using SAR concepts the 3rd（y）Another embodiment that resolution ratio is realized on direction is to use so-called " stopping-continuation " SAR technologies, wherein, not the 3rd（y）Side moves up antenna block, but launches and receive signal in certain time by multichannel It is multiplexed into different lines.Therefore, as shown by an embodiment in fig. 6, it is necessary to the sensor element of complete two-dimensional array or Antenna module, for the two-dimensional array or panel, signal can be multiplexed.

As above, the 3rd（y）In the second alternative embodiment that resolution ratio is provided on direction, it can perform for transmitting signal And/or receive the Wave beam forming of signal.As shown by an embodiment in fig. 6, the Wave beam forming solution is also needed to（Completely fill out Fill）The sensor element or antenna element of two-dimensional array or panel.In addition, the Wave beam forming solution also needs to use In two-dimensional array or the dedicated receiver unit and/or transmitter unit of each antenna traces of panel, and therefore may It is to be used for the 3rd（y）Direction provides the alternative costly of resolution ratio.

In the embodiment of fig. 6, antenna block is generally the 3rd（y）Completely filled on direction（fully populated）, And in Fig. 7 embodiment, scan line is mechanically moved.It is between both embodiments main difference is that sweep time and Cost.Fig. 6 embodiment is very fast, still, due to hardware component increase and costly.Fig. 7 embodiment is less expensive, But it is due to mobile and slower.Scanning（The 3rd（y）On direction）Depend highly on scanned or examined object or The height of person's main body 1.When being scanned to people, generally, 2.5m maximum height is enough, and the high people of height is considered It is interior.

Generally, include passing through first antenna block 201 according to the scanning of one side described herein and imaging method （And/or third antenna block 203）Launch electromagnetic wave as transmission signal 103；And pass through the second antenna block 202（And/or the 4th Antenna block 204）The reflection for the electromagnetic wave launched from object 1 is received as reception signal.At least one of one antenna traces One scan line of formation of receiver element 102 of transmitter components 101 and a respective antenna circuit.This method further comprises Using interferometric method to baseband signal 105a and the 105b processing from the reception down conversion of signal 105, interferometry side Method includes determining at least two receiver elements for each scan line, specifically, and at least three, receive the main signal of signal It is partially received at least three receiver element；And for each scanning that wherein important receiver element is determined Line, it is determined that the first difference between at least first pair important receiver elementBetween second pair of important receiver element Second differenceThis method further comprises using at least first differenceWith the second differenceThe figure of object 1 is provided Picture.

Fig. 8 shows the flow chart of the interferometric method according to embodiment.As described above, in step slo, each Transmitter components in antenna traces or scan line send transmission signal 103, and signal acquiring unit 109 obtains and receives letter Numbers 105, then, to obtaining baseband signal 105a and 105b processing from receive the down conversion of signal 105.In step S20, For each antenna module 301 or 302 and for each scan line, it is determined that the dominant for wherein receiving signal is connect At least two important receiver elements received.Main received signal can be by each scan line.In other words, its determination which Receiver element is handled, to generate image in each scan line using interferometric method.The determination can be with connecing Receive in each scan line or antenna traces of device element and complete.Can only in an antenna block with receiver element, only Important baseline is determined in some antennas block with receiver element or in each antenna block.As described above, example Such as, in Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b or Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b each embodiment, the determination can receive three antenna blocks of signal Completed in each antenna traces.

In one embodiment, the determination can be completed by performing adaptive threshold.In this embodiment, calculating passes through The integral energy that all receiver elements are received, then, the receiver element corresponding to the energy of highest measurement is comprising weight Receive the element of signal（Accordingly, it would be desirable to which baseline is used for interferometry）.In another embodiment, subspace analysis side can be used Method completes the determination, such as principal component analysis（PCA）.In this example, the reception signal from all receiver elements is calculated Covariance matrix, use principal component analysis（PCA）The covariance matrix calculated is decomposed, then, it is determined that corresponding to The receiver element of important principal component is carried out.It should be appreciated that any other suitable embodiment or method also can use In the determination.

In step s 30, to important receiver element（Baseline）After being positioned, for wherein important receiver member Each scan line that part is determined, determines each difference between important receiver elementFor example, using direction of arrival （DOA）Algorithm for estimating can be to differenceIt is determined.It is determined that the difference between the receiver element of different " putting altogether "（Interference is surveyed Measure phase）The receiver of " putting altogether " is defined as adjacent in at least one of receiver element antenna block Important receiver element 102.If as described above, apart from higher than Critical baseline B_c, then interferometric method can be applied.Specifically Ground, it is proposed that 20% to 30% B_cFactor is to realize optimum performance.The receiver element or baseline of " putting altogether " each can be received Corresponding to object or the different piece of the whole image of the different parts of main body 1, for example, the body of people.Each receiver member Reception signal at part can be the mixing between the difference of object or main body 1.This is just caused in terms of difference is calculated Problem and here it is the reason for this should being taken into account.When the object of several different materials attributes and different depth level is right As or main body 1 hide when, can especially occur the problem.In order to which this is taken into account, for example, direction of arrival can be used（DOA） Estimation.

The whole reception letter at one of the important interferometry baseline for each transmission signal from transmitter components T place Number Y_TIt can be written as：

Wherein, variable τ_iDescribe the object about the mixing（For example, main body or body）Each point reflectivity Composition, it is assumed that the maximum number of difference is L in the mixing（Corresponding to the number of the difference of the overall object for receiving reflectivity Mesh）, the maximum baseline of important baseline is B_max,Correspond to maximum baseline B_maxDifference（Interferometry phase）, and B_i It is to come to be less than B_maxImportant baseline baseline in one, and η is additive noise.It should be appreciated that being risen to be easy See, it is also contemplated that being more complicated noise model, however, it can not be integrated into above-mentioned equation（Equation（4））In.Positive example Such as, above-mentioned equation is multiplied by by the entirety by expression noise（Equation（4））Left addend（left addend）Multiplication can be modeled Noise.Use above-mentioned overall signal Y_TEquation（Equation（4））, for each biography launched in antenna traces or scan line The reception signal of defeated signal may make up and be placed in single matrix.Then, in DOA algorithms using these reception signals with Corresponding reflectivity from each difference of body and phase composition are estimated.In above-mentioned equation（Equation（4））In, it is assumed that The distance between receiver element d disunities are to cause the description to the problem more to summarize.In the case where distance is unified, by This above-mentioned equation（Equation（4））In B_iValue is equal, and the overall signal of reception can be written as：

Wherein, N_eIt is maximum baseline B_maxIn available receiver element effective number.

Direction of arrival can perform by using algorithm（DOA）Algorithm, to be asked using unified or skimble-scamble baseline simultaneously Solve τ_iWithIllustrative methods for this purpose are maximum likelihoods（ML）, ESPRIT, MUSIC, CAPON Wave beam forming（It is all Such as, in 2 months 2009 the 2nd phases IEEE transmission of volume 57, signal transacting disclosed in R ü bsamen and Greshman, “Direction-of-Arrival-Estimation for Nonuniform Sensor Arrays):From Manifold Separation to Fourier Domain Music Methods ", are incorporated into herein by quoting）And its deformation. In various methods, with overall signal YT above-mentioned equation（Equation（4））Described in similar manner obtain for each transmit The corresponding radar reflectivity τ of signal_iAnd differenceEach scan line of important baseline is found wherein（Base band）Receive letter It is estimated in number.

Fig. 9 a and Fig. 9 b show two kinds of optional embodiments for determining the step S30 of difference and depth value in Fig. 8.Right Before picture point on y directions is determined, or after picture point on to y directions is determined, for example, using as described above SAR or Wave beam forming concept can realize both any embodiments.In other words, as described above, at least one phase Before or after difference is determined, the picture point on y directions can be determined.

In Fig. 9 a or Fig. 9 b step S31, registration or alignment are carried out to the scan line in different antennae block.Specifically Ground, can be aligned or registration is used for several each combinations to important receiver element of scan line at least two different antennae blocks Between determination difference.Which of the composition topography in such as 201 and 202 different antennae block be step of registration attempt to look for A little pixels belong to each other.Because receiving the difference that signal corresponds to body at each receiver element in different antennae block Position.In other words, it will receive directly to reflect and diffuse from all body parts at different antennae block and reflect, and need to find Corresponding position is reconfigured with the whole image to all sites at different antennae block.However, because along phase Difference（Interferometry phase）Calculate DOA and rated range R it is also known that, it is possible to use such as simple search and position algorithm It is made a distinction and all reception signals are placed into its corresponding position in the picture.This means provide receiver element Geometric position relative to each other and the estimation DOA of each signal, correspondence position connect in the single image comprising all information It is connected together.However, the image produced after registration may have in some empty positions, these positions, for example, receiving signal Signal noise ratio（SNR）It is too low.

In order to solve the problem, interpolation algorithm can be used to estimate the phase lost from signal is received.In Fig. 9 a and figure In 9b step S33, the difference of loss is determined from the difference of determination using interpolation algorithm.Any suitable interpolation can be used to calculate Method, such as, position is lost using bilinearity, bicubic, batten or total deviation to insert.

The difference of Fig. 9 b embodiment and Fig. 9 a embodiment is to determine identified phase by further step S34 Whether difference is more than 2 π, and if difference is determined to be greater than 2 π, then performs phase-unwrapping algorithm before depth value z is calculated. Definable is differed（Interferometry phase）Reach the fuzzy depth z of 2 π values_A.It can be defined according to following equalities for giving base Line B fuzzy depth z_A。

For given baseline B, depth z is obscured_AThe value is defined after it can not be parsed again to depth value.Its is main By used baseline B_maxMaximum upper limit, view angle theta, the rated range R of object and operating frequency f definition.

For the imaging algorithm according to designed scan setting, there are two kinds of possibilities.First, depending on according to fuzzy The above-mentioned equation of depth（Equation（6））In some settings of the parameter of selection, fuzzy depth z is not likely to be breached_A.This In the case of, can be based on the above-mentioned equation for depth sensitivity after interpolation（Equation（2））From difference（Interferometry phase）Calculate depth value z.Secondly, in some parameters of the system, depth z is obscured_AIt can be compromised（trespass）, i.e. difference（Interferometry phase）It is overlapping again（wrap）At 2 π length intervals.In this case, as shown in step S34 in Fig. 9 b, After interpolation procedure, before depth value is calculated, then need to perform phase unwrapping（unwrap）Algorithm.The theory of phase unwrapping It is from the modulus obtained when fuzzy depth is compromised（modulo-）2 π phases determine absolute phase values.Any suitable algorithm Available for phase-unwrapping algorithm, for example, based on least square（LS）The method of fitting, branch technique, based on chart optimisation technique （Similar belief propagation and Tu Qie）And many other technologies.For example, the embodiment of the scheduling algorithm can in Rosen, Hensley, Joughin, Li, Madsen, Rodriguez and Goldstein are in the 3rd phase IEEE agreements of volume 88 in March, 2000 " synthesis Found in aperture interferometry ", it is incorporated herein by reference.

In fig. 9 a after step S33 interpolation, or in figure 9b after step S34 phase unwrapping, based on determination DifferenceCalculate depth value z.Specifically, for each scan line, it is determined that differenceIt can be used for establishment pair with depth value z As the picture point of 1 image.For example, the algorithm can be based on the above-mentioned equation for depth sensitivity（Equation（2））Calculate depth value z。

The process for people's front scan and back scan is performed using imaging algorithm described herein（For example, See Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5）And 2D images can be produced by docking collection of letters progress processing（First（x）With second（z）Dimension On degree）.In order to the 3rd（y）Dimension is parsed, and such as synthetic aperture radar can be used（SAR）Concept or Wave beam forming are general Other algorithms such as thought.Can be by the result of 2D images and the 3rd（y）The result of dimension algorithm is combined, thus produce object or The complete 3D rendering of main body 1.For example, the 3D rendering can be used for checking object or main body 1.Alternatively, image enhaucament Algorithm can be used for further enhancing the image for example implemented in Fig. 1 in shown post-processing unit 111.For example, can to for The imaging of ultrahigh resolution or the solution of noise reduction technology are combined.

In other embodiments, for example, when there is privacy concern, some other algorithms can be used to carry out revise signal processing single Member, such as, it is therefore an objective to detect some hiding objects or article and the outline for showing the object or article, without aobvious Show the main body（People）Real image.In this case, using object detection algorithm, suspect object can be automatically positioned on image Or article, so as to allow the position that suspect object or article are shown on the image of the main body or people.For example, can also be Implement the algorithm in Fig. 1 post-processing unit 111.

For example, as shown in figure 1, Figure 10 is shown is an each antenna block part or is attached to the example of each antenna block The schematic block diagram of property acceptor unit.In this embodiment, system 1000 further comprises being used for based on the transmission He of signal 103 Receive the I-/Q- mixer form receiver frequency mixers that the generation mixing of signal 105 receives signal.Herein, signal acquiring unit 109 Including typical FMCW receivers.The reception signal 105 received in receiver element or antenna traces amplifies via low noise Device（LNA）906 are exaggerated and are mixed via I-/Q- frequency mixers 905 with reference transmission signal 103, so that in isolation stage 904 The beat frequency for two kinds of signals is obtained afterwards（beats）Signal.Via automatic gain control unit（AGC）902 are filtered using band logical Ripple device（BPF）903 pairs of I＆Q outputs are filtered, so that via analog-digital converter（ADC）901 pairs of entire dynamic ranges are adopted Sample.The output is I- outputs（I branches）With Q- outputs（Q branches）The baseband signal 105a and 105b of form.Generally, it is also possible to use I outputs and Q outputs are obtained in accordance with the non-I/Q frequency mixers of the single branch of digital method（I/q signal）.For example, receiver is mixed Frequency device can be digital orthogonal demodulator.

Figure 11 a are shown including only having the receiver element according to first embodiment（Rather than transmitter components）At least The schematic block diagram of the antenna block of one antenna traces.Figure 11 b show the receiver element only having according to second embodiment （Rather than transmitter components）Antenna traces schematic block diagram.Both embodiments be for two kinds of an antenna traces not Same solution.In Figure 11 a first embodiment, each receiver element 102 is all connected to a receiver block 1004. In Figure 11 b second embodiment, switch is used（switch）1005 switch to receiver element single receiver 1004. For example, the selection to the solution is not dependent on described in Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b or Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b or Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b First（x）The scan solution selected on direction.

There is receiver element in fig. 11 a（Rx）Antenna traces first embodiment in there is provided for N number of receiver Each receiver 1004 in element 102.For simplicity, two receivers in N number of receiver are illustrate only in Figure 11 a 1004.In Figure 11 a embodiment, reference signal is driven to N number of receiver 1004 via power divider 1001.In data The I outputs and Q outputs of N number of receiver element 102 are collected in bus 1002.There is receiver element in Figure 11 b（Rx）Day In the second embodiment of line circuit, single receiver 1004 is switched into N number of receiver element successively using switch 1005 102.In this case, which receiver element of the definable of signal acquiring unit 109 102 signal need via（N：1）Cut Parallel operation 1005 is driven to receiver 1004.The advantage of first embodiment is because need not continuously be received in Figure 11 a, But it can be received parallel, so fast N times of sweep time.Compared with first embodiment, because each antenna traces needs are N number of Receiver element, so the second embodiment cost in Figure 11 b is relatively low.

Figure 12 a show the antenna traces with single transmitter components, specifically, show shown in Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b Embodiment antenna traces.In Figure 12 a embodiment,（First antenna block 201 or third antenna block 203）Each Antenna traces only include single transmitting antenna 101.Transmit signal（Tx signals）It is delivered to single transmitter components 101.

Figure 12 b show the schematic block diagram of the antenna traces with single transmitter components and multiple receiver elements, Specifically, the schematic block diagram of the antenna traces of embodiment shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b is shown.In Figure 12 b embodiment In, each antenna traces include the transmitting antenna 101 and N number of reception antenna of one first.In the embodiment shown in Figure 12 b In, Tx signals are delivered to transmitting antenna and Rx lines 1104 via power divider 1102.This to export signal to transmitting Antenna, while regarding the signal as the benchmark for receiving line.In identical instruction described in Rx lines part, it can answer herein With two options explained for Rx lines.

Figure 12 c show the schematic block diagram of the antenna traces with emitter/receiver element, specifically, show The schematic block diagram of the antenna traces of embodiment shown in Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b.In Figure 12 b embodiment, each antenna line Road includes the M emitter/receiver element that can be launched and received.In the present embodiment, M hair can in turn be selected An emitter/receiver element in emitter/receiver element launches transmission signal, while other M-1 transmitter/connect Receive device element and receive transmission signal.In the embodiment shown in Figure 12 c, the definable of signal acquiring unit 109 transmit signal via （M:1）Which antenna switch 1105 is connected to.The circulator of M number（circulator）1107 definable transmitters/reception Whether device element is connected to transmitting or receives line.If desired, circulator 1107 allows to use transmit/receive type simultaneously. The I outputs and Q outputs of M receiver 1106 are collected in data/address bus 1108.For simplicity, M are illustrate only in Figure 12 c Two receivers 1106 of receiver.

Figure 12 d show the schematic block diagram of first antenna component or the second antenna module, specifically, show Fig. 6 Shown in embodiment antenna module.Reference picture 12d, to single image solution is expanded into the 3rd of antenna block the （y）On direction（It is consequently formed the option of array or panel）Explain.According to the 3rd（y）The scanning skill that side is used up Art, the antenna block 203 of first antenna block 201 or second with transmitter components（Tx/Rx panels）Only there is receiver member Part（Rx panels）The second antenna block 202 or the 4th antenna block 204 extended from described antenna traces.

Fig. 6 illustrates how to solve the 3rd（y）The first embodiment that direction is scanned, wherein, Tx panels and Rx faces Plate is filled with multiple Tx/Rx lines and Rx lines respectively.As described previously for the 3rd（y）Direction, the solution can be used for " stopping Only and continue " SAR and Wave beam forming concept.Figure 12 d show the whole implementation mode of the Tx/Rx panels with K line.

In Figure 12 d embodiment, digital platform 1201 instruct how via control output be scanned and via Data input collects data from receiver element.Respectively in direct digital synthesiser（DDS）1203 and local oscillator 1202 in Generate base band chirp and reference signal respectively from panel.These signals are driven to Tx/Rx panels using power divider 120 and Rx panels.

In Tx/Rx panels, transmission signal is generated in a base band by DDS1203 in the first phase.Then, its with by shaking Swing the reference signal up conversion of the generation of device 1202 and mix（Via frequency mixer 1205）.Then, using 1206 pairs of biographies of multiplier The band of defeated signal is extended.Finally, using bandpass filter（BPF）The signal is filtered to suppress unwanted frequency Component.Next stage is will to transmit each antenna traces that signal is switched in K antenna traces for wherein needing to be scanned. Therefore, before switch 1209, via power amplifier（PA）1208 pairs of transmission signals are amplified, with to by switch Loss is compensated caused by 1209.Tx lines 1212 used in the present embodiment are the solutions shown in Figure 12 c.Transmission Signal is used to transmit and as the benchmark during receiving.The I outputs of M receiver element are collected using data/address bus 1210 Exported with Q, and I is exported and Q is exported by direct sending to digital platform 1201.

For Rx panels, for the benchmark to obtain beat frequency used in the same way generation reception of Tx/Rx panels Signal.The power divider 1213 such as used in this case, because the signal may alternatively appear in complete scanning process In all Rx lines and because the power level of the signal is not problem in the reception, difference is how to lead signal Go out to K line.Using data/address bus 1201 collect N number of receiver I output and Q output, and I output and Q export with Tx/ The same way of Rx panels is by direct sending to digital platform 1201.

Be illustrated in detail in and described the present invention in accompanying drawing and foregoing description, still, this show and describe by regarding To be illustrative or exemplary and unrestricted.The present invention is not limited to disclosed embodiment.From accompanying drawing, it is open and Understood in appended claims, those skilled in the art are appreciated that and realized disclosed embodiment party when implementing asked invention Other deformations of formula.

In present claims, word " comprising " is not precluded from other elements or step, and indefinite article " one （a）" or " one（an）" it is not precluded from plural number.One single element or other units can perform described in claim The function of several.Undisputable fact is that the certain measures described in mutually different dependent claims are not intended that these are arranged The combination applied can not be utilized.

Computer program can be stored/distributed in suitable non-volatile media, such as, provided together with other hardware or Person is as other hardware a part of optical storage medium or solid state medium, however, it is also possible to other forms are distributed, such as, Via internet or other wired or radio telecommunications systems.

Any reference sign in claim is not construed as limiting the scope.

Its in accordance with further embodiment list：

1. one kind is used for using electromagnetic wave to object（1）It is scanned and the object is provided（1）Image interference survey Measure scanning system（1000）, the system includes：

First antenna component（301）, including：

First antenna block（201）, including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces are including for launching electricity Magnetic wave is used as transmission signal（103）At least one transmitter components（101）；And

Second antenna block（202）, including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces are including being arranged in scanning At least three receiver elements in line（102a, 102b, 102c）, object is come from for receiving（1）The electromagnetism launched The reflection of ripple is used as reception signal（105）, at least one transmitter components of an antenna traces（101）With a respective antenna The receiver element of circuit（102）Form a scan line；

The system further comprises being used for using interferometric method to from the reception signal（105）The base band of down conversion Signal（105a,105b）At least one signal processing unit handled（100）, interferometric method, which includes determination, to be used for often At least three important receiver elements of individual scan line, the dominant for receiving signal is received in this and at least three important connect Receive in device element；And for each scan line that wherein important receiver element is determined, it is determined that at least first pair important connects Receive the first difference between device elementThe second difference between second pair of important receiver elementWherein, At least one signal processor（100）It is configured to using at least first differenceWith the second differenceOffer pair As（1）Image.

2. the system according to embodiment 1, wherein, first antenna block（201）With the second antenna block（202）It is arranged Into adjacent to each other.

3. the system according to embodiment 1, wherein, first antenna block（201）With the second antenna block（202）It is arranged Into relative to each other.

4. according to any described system in embodiment 1 to 3, wherein, first antenna component（301）It is the system Single antenna component.

5. according to any described system in embodiment 1 to 3（1000）, further comprise the second antenna module （302）, the second antenna module（302）Including：

Third antenna block（203）, including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces are including for launching electricity Magnetic wave is used as transmission signal（103）At least one transmitter components（101）；With

4th antenna block（204）, including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces are only including being used to receive From object（1）The electromagnetic wave launched reflection be used as receive signal（105）Receiver element（102）.

6. any described system in embodiment before（1000）, object（1）With major axis（A）, major axis（A） Definition has first, second, third and fourth quadrant（I, II, III, IV）Coordinate system an axle, first antenna block （201）It is arranged in first quartile（I）Interior and/or the second antenna block（202）It is arranged in adjacent first quartile（I）The second quadrant （II）It is interior.

7. the system according to embodiment 5 and 6（1000）, third antenna block（203）It is arranged in third quadrant（III） Interior and/or the 4th antenna block（204）It is arranged in adjacent third quadrant（III）Fourth quadrant（IV）It is interior.

8. according to any described system, third quadrant in embodiment 6 to 7（III）With first quartile（I）Diagonal Formula is relative.

9. according to any described system in embodiment 6 to 8, wherein, coordinate system has origin（O）, first axle（x） And second axle（z）, wherein, the 3rd axle（y）In major axis（A）Direction on.

10. the system according to embodiment 9, wherein, for each antenna module（301,302）, an antenna line At least one transmitter components on road（101）With the receiver element of a respective antenna circuit（102）Be disposed in perpendicular to Object（1）Major axis（A）Same emitter/receiver plane（P）It is interior.

11. the system according to embodiment 9 or 10, wherein, each antenna traces are arranged parallel to One axle（x）.

12. according to any described system in embodiment 6 to 11, wherein, each transmitter components（101）And/or Each receiver element（102）With angles non-normal and/or non-zero angle（θ）It is arranged in coordinate system.

13. any described system in embodiment before, wherein, for each antenna module（301,302）, At least one transmitter components of one antenna traces（101）With the receiver element of a respective antenna circuit（102）Formed One scan line.

14. the system described in any in embodiment according to before, first antenna block（201）Each antenna traces And/or third antenna block（203）Each antenna traces include multiple transmitter components（101）.

15. the system according to embodiment 14, wherein, the transmitter components of each antenna traces of sequential transmissions （101）Transmission signal.

16. the system according to embodiment 14, wherein, multiplex each antenna of concept transmitted in parallel using signal The transmitter components of circuit（101）Transmission signal.

17. the system described in any in embodiment according to before, the second antenna block（202）Each antenna traces And/or the 4th antenna block（204）Each antenna traces include at least three receiver elements（102a, 102b, 102c）.

18.According to any described system in embodiment before, wherein, first antenna block（201）And/or the 3rd day Line block（203）At least one transmitter components（101）It is to be used to launch electromagnetic wave as transmission signal and come for receiving From object（1）The electromagnetic wave launched reflection emitter/receiver element.

19. any described system in embodiment before, wherein, each antenna traces are fixed antenna lines Road.

20. the system described in any in embodiment according to before, each antenna module（301,302）Include being located at Major axis（A）Multiple antenna traces or scan line on direction, so as to form the sensor element of two-dimensional array.

21. the system according to embodiment 20, wherein, each antenna traces or scan line are disposed in vertically In object（1）Major axis different emitter/receiver planes（P）It is interior.

22. any described system in embodiment before, wherein, each antenna traces（301,302）In length Axle（A）It may move on direction, so as to pass through portable antenna component（301,302）Multiple scan lines can be formed.

23. any described system in embodiment before, further comprises being used to generate FMCW transmission signals （103）Or pulse transmission signal（103）Signal generator,

24. any described system in embodiment before, the system further comprises being used for based on transmission letter Number（103）With reception signal（105）Generation mixing receives the mixing receiver of signal.

25. the system according to embodiment 24, wherein, mixing receiver is I-/Q- frequency mixers.

26. any described system in embodiment before, wherein, receiver element in scan line（102）'s Number is higher than the number of important receiver element.

27. the system described in any in embodiment according to before, at least one signal processor（100）It is configured For each scan line being determined for wherein important receiver element, the phase between important receiver element described in each pair is determined Difference.

28. the system described in any in embodiment according to before, at least one signal processor（100）It is configured Into using direction of arrival（DOA）Algorithm for estimating determines at least two differences（With）.

29. the system described in any in embodiment according to before, at least one described signal processor（100）By with It is set to for the scan line at least two different antennae blocks, by the determination between each each combination to important receiver element Difference carry out registration or alignment.

30. the system according to before any one of embodiment, at least one signal processor（100）It is configured Into determination in major axis（A）Direction（y）On multiple antenna traces or scan line picture point, for provide object three-dimensional Image.

31. the system according to embodiment 30, wherein, using synthetic aperture radar concept or use Wave beam forming Concept determines major axis（A）Direction（y）On multiple antenna traces or scan line picture point.

32. the system according to embodiment 30 or 31, at least one signal processor（100）It is configured to Determine that at least one is differedMajor axis is determined before（A）Direction（y）On multiple antenna traces or scan line picture Point.

33. the system according to embodiment 30 or 31, at least one signal processor（100）It is configured to Determine that at least one is differedMajor axis is determined afterwards（A）Direction（y）On multiple antenna traces or scan line picture Point.

34. the system described in any in embodiment according to before, at least one signal processor（100）It is configured Difference is lost into the difference estimation determined by using interpolation algorithm.

35. the system described in any in embodiment according to before, at least one signal processor（100）It is configured Depth value is calculated into based on identified difference（z）.

36. the system according to embodiment 35, at least one signal processor（100）Be configured to determine really Whether fixed difference is more than 2 π, and if the difference is determined to be greater than 2 π, is then calculating depth value（z）Phase is performed before Deployment algorithm.

37. any described system in embodiment before, wherein, for each scan line, identified phase Difference and depth value（z）For creating object（1）Image picture point.

38. the system described in any in embodiment according to before, at least one signal processor（100）It is configured Into image intensification algorithm is performed, to strengthen image.

39. the system described in any in embodiment according to before, at least one signal processor（100）It is configured Into being automatically positioned suspect object or article in the picture.

40. any described system in embodiment before, wherein, scope of the electromagnetic wave in 1GHz to 10THz It is interior.

41. any described system in embodiment before, wherein, electromagnetic wave is millimeter wave.

Claims

1. one kind is used for the interferometry scanning system (1000) being scanned using electromagnetic wave to object (1), the object (1) With major axis (A), major axis (A) definition has first quartile (I), the second quadrant (II), third quadrant (III) and the 4th One axle of the coordinate system of quadrant (IV), the system includes：

First antenna component (301), including：

First antenna block (201), including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces include being used to launch electromagnetic wave As at least one transmitter components (101) of transmission signal (103), the first antenna block (201) is arranged in described first In quadrant (I)；And

Second antenna block (202), including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces only include coming from for reception The reflection of the electromagnetic wave launched of the object (1) is used as the receiver element (102) for receiving signal (105), described second Antenna block (202) is arranged in second quadrant (II) of the adjacent first quartile (I)；

Second antenna module (302), including：

Third antenna block (203), including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces include being used to launch electromagnetic wave As at least one transmitter components (101) of transmission signal (103), the third antenna block (203) is disposed in described the In three quadrants (III)；And

4th antenna block (204), including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces only include coming from for reception The reflection of the electromagnetic wave launched of the object (1) is used as the receiver element (102) for receiving signal (105), the described 4th Antenna block (204) is arranged in the fourth quadrant (IV) of the adjacent third quadrant (III)；

The system further comprises being used for using interferometric method to from the base band of described reception signal (105) down conversion believing At least one signal processing unit (100) that number (105a, 105b) is handled, the interferometric method includes determining in spy Determine at least one difference between receiver element (102)

2. system according to claim 1, the third quadrant (III) is relative with the first quartile (I) diagonal formula.

3. the system according to claims 1 or 2, wherein, the coordinate system have origin (O), first axle (x) and Second axle (z), wherein, the 3rd axle (y) is on the major axis (A) direction.

4. system according to claim 3, wherein, for each antenna module (301,302), the institute of an antenna traces State at least one transmitter components (101) and a respective antenna circuit the receiver element (102) be arranged in perpendicular to In the same emitter/receiver plane (P) of the major axis (A) of the object (1).

5. system according to claim 4, wherein, each antenna traces are arranged parallel to the first axle (x).

6. system according to claim 3, wherein, each transmitter components (101) and/or each receiver element (102) it is arranged in angles non-normal and/or non-zero angle (θ) in the coordinate system.

7. system according to claim 3, wherein, for each antenna module (301,302), the institute of an antenna traces State one scanning of the receiver element (102) formation of at least one transmitter components (101) and a respective antenna circuit Line.

8. system according to claim 1, each antenna traces and/or the described 3rd of the first antenna block (201) Each antenna traces of antenna block (203) include multiple transmitter components (101).

9. system according to claim 8, wherein, the transmitter components (101) of each antenna traces are launched successively The transmission signal.

10. system according to claim 8, wherein, multiplex each antenna traces of concept transmitted in parallel using signal The transmitter components (101) the transmission signal.

11. system according to claim 1, each antenna traces and/or the described 4th of second antenna block (202) Each antenna traces of antenna block (204) include at least three receiver elements (102a, 102b, 102c).

12. system according to claim 1, wherein, the first antenna block (201) and/or the third antenna block (203) at least one described transmitter components (101) are to be used to launch electromagnetic wave as transmission signal and come for receiving From the emitter/receiver element of the reflection of the electromagnetic wave launched of the object (1).

13. system according to claim 4, wherein, each antenna traces are fixed antenna circuits.

14. system according to claim 1, each antenna module (301,302) is included positioned at the side of the major axis (A) Upward multiple antenna traces or scan line, so as to form the sensor element of two-dimensional array.

15. system according to claim 14, wherein, each antenna traces or scan line are disposed in perpendicular to institute In the different emitter/receiver planes (P) for the major axis for stating object (1).

16. system according to claim 1, wherein, each antenna traces (301,302) are in the major axis (A) direction It is upper removable, so that multiple scan lines can be formed by the mobile antenna module (301,302).

17. system according to claim 1, further comprises being used to generate FMCW transmission signals (103) or pulse is passed The signal generator of defeated signal (103).

18. system according to claim 1, the system further comprise being used for based on the transmission signal (103) and It is described to receive the mixing receiver that signal (105) generation mixing receives signal.

19. system according to claim 18, wherein, the mixing receiver is I-/Q- frequency mixers.

20. system according to claim 1, at least one described difference includes the first differenceWith the second difference

21. system according to claim 1, is further configured to the image for being used to provide the object (1).

22. system according to claim 21, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured to using described At least one differenceThe described image of the object (1) is provided.

23. system according to claim 1, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured to each sweep Retouch line and determine at least two important receiver elements, the main letter for receiving signal at least two important receiver element Number part is received.

24. system according to claim 23, wherein, the number of the receiver element (102) in scan line is higher than important The number of receiver element.

25. system according to claim 23, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured as wherein Each scan line that important receiver element is determined, determines the difference between important receiver element described in each pair.

26. the system according to claim 23 or 25, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured as pair The each scan line being determined in wherein important receiver element, determines the first difference between first pair of important receiver elementThe second difference between second pair of important receiver element

27. system according to claim 25, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured with ripple and reached Direction (DOA) algorithm for estimating determine at least two differences (With)。

28. system according to claim 23, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured as at least Scan line in two different antennae blocks, being determined between registration or each each combination to important receiver element of alignment Difference.

29. system according to claim 1, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured to determine that in institute The picture point of the multiple antenna traces or scan line on major axis (A) direction (y) is stated, for providing the graphics of the object Picture.

30. system according to claim 29, wherein, use synthetic aperture radar concept or use Wave beam forming concept Determine the picture point of the multiple antenna traces or scan line on the major axis (A) direction (y).

31. the system according to claim 29 or 30, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured as It is determined that at least one described differenceMultiple antenna traces on the major axis (A) direction (y) are determined before or are swept Retouch the picture point of line.

32. the system according to claim 29 or 30, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured to It is determined that at least one described differenceMultiple antenna traces on the major axis (A) direction (y) are determined afterwards or are swept Retouch the picture point of line.

33. system according to claim 1, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured to use interpolation Difference is lost in algorithm difference estimation determined by.

34. system according to claim 21, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured to based on institute really Fixed difference calculates depth value (z).

35. system according to claim 34, at least one described signal processing unit (100) be configured to determine really Whether fixed difference is more than 2 π, and if the difference is determined to be greater than 2 π, then phase is performed before depth value (z) is calculated Position deployment algorithm.

36. the system according to claim 34 or 35, wherein, for each scan line, determine difference and depth value (z) it is used for the picture point for creating the described image of the object (1).

37. system according to claim 21, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured as performing image Strengthen algorithm, to strengthen described image.

38. system according to claim 21, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured as will be suspicious right As or article be automatically positioned in described image.

39. system according to claim 1, wherein, the electromagnetic wave is in the range of 1GHz to 10THz.

40. the system according to claim 39, wherein, the electromagnetic wave is millimeter wave.

41. one kind is used for utilizing electromagnetic wave that the dry of the image for providing the object (1) is scanned and be used for object (1) Measurement scanning and imaging system (1000) are related to, the system includes：

First antenna component (301), including：

First antenna block (201), including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces include being used to launch electromagnetic wave It is used as at least one transmitter components (101) of transmission signal (103)；And

Second antenna block (202), including at least one antenna traces, at least one antenna traces include being arranged in scan line At least three receiver elements (102a, 102b, 102c), for receive from the object (1) the electromagnetism launched The reflection of ripple is corresponding with one as signal (105), at least one described transmitter components (101) of an antenna traces are received The receiver element (102) one scan line of formation of antenna traces；

The system further comprises at least one signal processing unit (100), at least one described signal processing unit (100) For using interferometric method to being handled from the baseband signal (105a, 105b) of described reception signal (105) down conversion, The interferometric method includes determining at least three important receiver elements for each scan line, at least three important is connect at this The dominant for receiving reception signal described in device element is received；And for wherein important receiver element be determined it is every Individual scan line, it is determined that the first difference between at least first pair important receiver elementWith second pair of important receiver member The second difference between partWherein, at least one described signal processing unit (100) is configured to described at least First differenceWith the described second differenceThe image of the object (1) is provided.

42. one kind is used for the interferometry scan method being scanned using electromagnetic wave to object (1), the object (1) has Major axis (A), major axis (A) definition has first quartile (I), the second quadrant (II), third quadrant (III) and fourth quadrant (IV) axle of coordinate system, methods described includes：

Electromagnetic wave is launched by first antenna block (201) and is used as transmission signal (103), the first antenna block (201) includes tool There are at least one antenna traces of at least one transmitter components (101), the first antenna block (201) is arranged in described first In quadrant (I)；And

Reception signal is used as in the reflection for receiving the electromagnetic wave launched from the object (1) by the second antenna block (202) (105), second antenna block (202) includes at least one antenna traces, and at least one antenna traces only include receiver Element (102), second antenna block (202) is arranged in second quadrant (II) of the adjacent first quartile (I)；

Electromagnetic wave is launched by third antenna block (203) and is used as transmission signal (103), the third antenna block (203) is included extremely Few antenna traces, at least one antenna traces include at least one transmitter components (101), the third antenna block (203) it is arranged in the third quadrant (III)；And

Reception signal is used as in the reflection for receiving the electromagnetic wave launched from the object (1) by the 4th antenna block (204) (105), the 4th antenna block (204) includes at least one antenna traces, and at least one antenna traces only include receiver Element (102), the 4th antenna block (204) is arranged in the fourth quadrant (IV) of the adjacent third quadrant (III)；

Using interferometric method to being handled from the baseband signal (105a, 105b) of described reception signal (105) down conversion, The interferometric method includes determining at least one difference between specific receiver element (102)

43. one kind is used to utilize electromagnetic wave to be scanned object (1) and for the interference for the image for providing the object (1) Measurement scanning and imaging method, methods described include：

Electromagnetic wave is launched by first antenna block (201) and is used as transmission signal (103), the first antenna block (201) is included extremely Few antenna traces, at least one antenna traces include at least one transmitter components (101)；And

Reception signal is used as in the reflection for receiving the electromagnetic wave launched from the object (1) by the second antenna block (202) (105), second antenna block (202) includes at least one antenna traces, and at least one antenna traces include at least three Receiver element (102a, 102b, 102c), at least one described transmitter components (101) of antenna traces and one it is right Answer the receiver element (102) one scan line of formation of antenna traces；

Using interferometric method to being handled from the baseband signal (105a, 105b) of described reception signal (105) down conversion, The interferometric method includes：

At least three important receiver elements are determined for each scan line, described in described at least three important receiver elements The dominant for receiving signal is received；And

The each scan line for the important receiver element being determined to wherein important receiver element, it is determined that at least first pair important The first difference between receiver elementThe second difference between second pair of important receiver element

Use the described at least first differenceWith the described second differenceThe image of the object (1) is provided.