CN103780703B - Crowd evacuation path selection method based on NFC and path capacity limitation - Google Patents
Crowd evacuation path selection method based on NFC and path capacity limitation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a crowd evacuation path selection method based on NFC and path capacity limitation. By adopting timeliness of information transmitted through NFC between a crowd, an evacuation indication system can accurately acquire personal information from NFC modules of mobile phones of the crowd, walking speeds of people are estimated, effective evacuation paths with the path lengths increasing in sequence are sequenced, an evacuation path sequence is acquired, evacuation paths are correspondingly distributed to the different types of people one by one from the path sequence, evacuation paths with small lengths are given priority to during distribution operation, and people who can not be distributed to the corresponding path because the capacity limitation of the corresponding path is to be exceed are distributed to the next path in the evacuation path sequence. Path capacity limitation is taken into consideration, the paths with the lengths increasing in sequence are distributed to the people walking at different speeds, congestion and treading are avoided, time spent in evacuation is effectively shortened, and the survival rate of the evacuated people is improved; the crowd evacuation path selection method is wide in application range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of routing resource, particularly relate to a kind of gathering crowd evacuation routing resource limited with path capacity based on NFC, belong to communication technical field.
Background technology
Along with making rapid progress of global economy, society and environmental change, accident all over the world the most frequently occurs, such as Miyun Region of Beijing's lantern festival tread event, Meccah pilgrim crowded trample events in 2006 in 2004 etc..These accidents all cause due to emergency evacuation improper measures.When disaster occurs, people tend to build up together, and comform blindly and select same path to carry out evacuating escape.Owing to all kinds of passages allow the personnel amount passed through to be typically limited simultaneously, once pour in too much escape personnel, will certainly occur blocking up and the security incident such as even trample, create greater casualties.Therefore, when accident occurs, the most rationally select to evacuate path, it is to avoid blocking up, effective guiding personnel successfully carry out escape and evacuation and have become as a technical barrier urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Such as Chinese patent notification number: CN 102509410B, publication date: the patent of invention on August 7th, 2013 discloses a kind of Intelligent fire evacuation escape indicating system and method, system uses exit signs to control main frame, the corridor exit signs being positioned at each floor ladder way controls from machine, corridor detects/indicates the Three-tider architecture framework of device, system each unit hands over information through EIB bus, detection/the evacuation indicator of corridor is directly embedded into control from machine, at main frame and set up wireless backup communication between machine, enhance global reliability and the availability of system, the secondary threshold using combined fire detector is reported to the police tactful, it is aided with corresponding information processing method, and evacuation path is persistently adjusted depending on the real-time condition of a fire.But this apparatus structure is complicated, when breaking out of fire or other accident, system equipment is easily damaged, it is unfavorable for personnel escape, routing algorithm is complicated simultaneously, most suitable best-effort path cannot be selected according to the speed of fleeing from of everyone, easily causing and block up or trample, escape rate is relatively low, is unfavorable for that large-scale promotion uses.
Summary of the invention
When it is an object of the invention to for emergencies such as existing public place breaking out of fires, crowd tends to collect in and escapes together and blindly, make too much crowd pour in a certain passway for escaping simultaneously, causing blocks up even tramples, thus the problem causing heavy casualties, there is provided a kind of convenient and swift, quick obtaining personal information, and sent to evacuating command system by network communicating function, the speed of travel of personnel is gone out according to the data-evaluation received, and based on evacuating the capacity limit in path, different evacuation paths is distributed for escape crowd, avoid blocking up or trampling, thus improve the gathering crowd evacuation routing resource limited based on NFC of escape rate with path capacity.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: the gathering crowd evacuation routing resource limited with path capacity based on NFC, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A, first will assemble the personal information record of personnel in NFC smart mobile phone, personal information comprise name, sex, the age, occupation, whether disability and other can reflect the information of health；
B, then utilize the NFC communication function of mobile phone, the personal information assembling personnel is sent to Correspondent server, the geographical location information and personal information of assembling crowd are sent to evacuating command system by Correspondent server by 3G communication network, or use the mode of the NFC label reading indoor placement to obtain geographical location information and the personal information of gathering crowd；
Each geographical location information and personal information are collected by c, evacuation command system, and the speed of estimator is carried out according to personal information, to assemble crowd location as starting point, evacuate mouth outlet for terminal, travel through out all of active path, the path i.e. can escaped, and W1 can be designated as from small to large successively according to path by effectively evacuating path, W2, ...., Wn, i.e. L (W1)≤L (W2)≤...≤L (Wn), wherein n is the quantity effectively evacuating path；
D, evacuate command system distribution and evacuate path (W), consider number (E) and the conflict factor (β) sharing the path that crosses on crowd's classification (P), crowd's quantity (N), the speed of travel (V), path capacity (C), the path capacity that crosses (C '), active path length (L), current path；
E, evacuate command system (3) personnel to each classification of each gathering crowd successively and carry out evacuating path allocation, path allocation it is critical only that following two constraints: N (Pi)≤C (Wj) and N (Pi)≤C ' (Wj)-E (Wj) * β, wherein i ∈ [1,4], j ∈ [1, n], crowd's quantity N (Pi) of each classification being i.e. assigned to path Wj not can exceed that the capacity C (Wj) in this path, and arrive at the number crossing on path simultaneously and not can exceed that the capacity C in this path that crosses ' (Wj)；Path allocation considers to share number E (Wj) in the path that crosses, i.e. from the path tracing that crosses to the number distributed each path when evacuating source point, personnel are distributed substantially on the premise of meeting constraints, if can not be fully allocated complete, then the most unappropriated personnel are dispensed in second shortest path and next shorter path；
The allocation result evacuating path is sent to Correspondent server by 3G communication network by f, finally evacuation command system, and Correspondent server by utilizing mobile phone NFC communication function will publish information to all members of crowd.
If described d, step e are conflicted factor-beta=1, the crowd to be allocated by conflict is now needed to be diverted on next path under meeting constraints.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention utilizes NFC to transmit the ageing of information between gathering crowd, evacuate command system and can accurately obtain the personal information in self aggregation crowd's mobile phone NFC module, and estimate the speed of travel of personnel, in conjunction with real-time emergency scene, provide foundation for arranged rational escape and evacuation path.
2. all of effective evacuation path is ranked up by the present invention according to path order from small to large, obtain evacuating path sequence, and distribute from path sequence evacuate path accordingly for different classes of personnel one by one, the evacuation path that length is shorter is paid the utmost attention in this batch operation, simultaneously can also be by the personnel assignment beyond part in personnel to be allocated to next paths evacuated in path sequence.
3, the present invention considers the capacity limit in path, the most successively the personnel of friction speed are carried out path allocation according to the length evacuating path, on the one hand the generation blocked up and trample is avoided, on the other hand, also efficiently reduce the evacuation time used, improve the survival rate of evacuation personnel, and this system is not easy damaged when breaking out of fire or other accident, safety is good, uses easily, and operation strategies is extensive.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the criteria for classification table of the present invention staff's speed.
Fig. 2 is the communications schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that the present invention evacuates routing algorithm.
Fig. 4 is that the first using routing algorithm of the present invention implements illustration.
Fig. 5 is that the second using routing algorithm of the present invention implements illustration.
In figure: NFC user side 1, Correspondent server 2, evacuate command system 3.
Detailed description of the invention
Illustrate that the present invention is described in further detail with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the gathering crowd evacuation routing resource limited with path capacity based on NFC of the present invention, comprise the following steps:
A, first will assemble the personal information record of personnel in NFC smart mobile phone, personal information comprise name, sex, the age, occupation, whether disability and other can reflect the information of health；
B, then utilize the NFC communication function of mobile phone, the personal information assembling personnel is sent to Correspondent server 2, the geographical location information and personal information of assembling crowd are sent to evacuating command system 3 by Correspondent server 2 by 3G communication network, or use the mode of the NFC label reading indoor placement to obtain geographical location information and the personal information of gathering crowd；
Each geographical location information and personal information are collected by c, evacuation command system 3, and the speed of estimator is carried out according to personal information, to assemble crowd location as starting point, evacuate mouth outlet for terminal, travel through out all of active path, the path i.e. can escaped, and W1 can be designated as from small to large successively according to path by effectively evacuating path, W2, ...., Wn, i.e. L (W1)≤L (W2)≤...≤L (Wn), wherein n is the quantity effectively evacuating path；
D, evacuate command system 3 distribution and evacuate path (W), consider number (E) and the conflict factor (β) sharing the path that crosses on crowd's classification (P), crowd's quantity (N), the speed of travel (V), path capacity (C), the path capacity that crosses (C '), active path length (L), current path；
E, evacuate command system (3) personnel to each classification of each gathering crowd successively and carry out evacuating path allocation, path allocation it is critical only that following two constraints: N (Pi)≤C (Wj) and N (Pi)≤C ' (Wj)-E (Wj) * β, wherein i ∈ [1,4], j ∈ [1, n], crowd's quantity N (Pi) of each classification being i.e. assigned to path Wj not can exceed that the capacity C (Wj) in this path, and arrive at the number crossing on path simultaneously and not can exceed that the capacity C in this path that crosses ' (Wj)；Path allocation considers to share number E (Wj) in the path that crosses, i.e. from the path tracing that crosses to the number distributed each path when evacuating source point, personnel are distributed substantially on the premise of meeting constraints, if can not be fully allocated complete, then the most unappropriated personnel are dispensed in second shortest path and next shorter path；
The allocation result evacuating path is sent to Correspondent server 2 by 3G communication network by f, finally evacuation command system 3, and Correspondent server 2 utilizes mobile phone NFC communication function to will publish information to all members of crowd.
If described d, step e are conflicted factor-beta=1, the crowd to be allocated by conflict is now needed to be diverted on next path under meeting constraints.
NFC user side 1 is existing smart mobile phone or other is with the small-sized mobile communication device of NFC module, everyone in gathering crowd is equipped with NFC user side 1, NFC user side 1 sets up communication contact respectively with Correspondent server 2, and also setting up between Correspondent server 2 and evacuation command system 3 has communication contact.Correspondent server 2 is by mobile phone electricity is sufficient and signal of communication preferable NFC user side serves as, can also directly use the Correspondent server that local Communications service business provides, Correspondent server 2 is for sending the geographical location information and each personal information of assembling crowd place to evacuating command system 3, and be analyzed data processing by evacuating command system 3, then sent evacuation routing information send on each NFC user side 1 through Correspondent server 2 by evacuating command system 3.
The present invention evacuates the design principle of routing algorithm and is: this algorithm carries out evacuating the estimation in path independently for different classes of personnel, owing to different classes of personnel exist speed difference, gap will be pulled open, so to ensure that on every paths, the personnel amount of same speed step not can exceed that its path capacity after starting to evacuate.When crossing occurs in different paths, owing on different paths, the personnel of friction speed rank may arrive, at synchronization, the path that crosses, so the personnel amount from different paths ensureing to arrive at the path that crosses can not exceed the capacity in this path that crosses simultaneously, the dispersal plan obtained according to above design principle will not result in the generation blocked up or trample.
First specifically comprising the following steps that of this selection algorithm will assemble the personal information record of personnel on NFC user side 1, personal information comprise name, sex, the age, occupation, whether disability and other can reflect the information of health.So according to personal information, can treat evacuation personnel and classify, the personnel of each classification have the similar speed of travel, are divided into according to the speed of travel: the slowest, secondary slow, secondary soon, the fastest etc., refer to accompanying drawing 1.Then the NFC communication function of mobile phone is utilized, the personal information assembling personnel is sent to Correspondent server 2, the geographical location information and personal information of assembling crowd are sent to evacuating command system 3 by Correspondent server 2 by 3G communication network, or use the mode of the NFC label reading indoor placement to obtain geographical location information and the personal information of gathering crowd.
Evacuate command system 3 subsequently each geographical location information and personal information to be collected, and the speed of estimator is carried out according to personal information, to assemble crowd location as starting point, evacuate mouth outlet for terminal, travel through out all of active path, the path i.e. can escaped, and W1 can be designated as from small to large successively according to path by effectively evacuating path, W2, ...., Wn, i.e. L (W1)≤L (W2)≤...≤L (Wn), wherein n is the quantity effectively evacuating path.
Then evacuate command system 3 distribution and evacuate path (W), consider number (E) and the conflict factor (β) sharing the path that crosses on crowd's classification (P), crowd's quantity (N), the speed of travel (V), path capacity (C), the path capacity that crosses (C '), active path length (L), current path.Wherein path capacity C represents that the number that current path narrow passage can accommodate, conflict factor-beta represent whether the crowd simultaneously arriving at the section that crosses can produce conflict, only 0 and 1 two kind of value, and 0 represents Lothrus apterus, and 1 indicates conflict.Path allocation it is critical only that following two constraints: N (Pi)≤C (Wj) and N (Pi)≤C ' (Wj)-E (Wj) * β, wherein i ∈ [1,4], j ∈ [1, n], crowd's quantity N (Pi) of each classification being i.e. assigned to path Wj not can exceed that the capacity C (Wj) in this path, and arrive at the number crossing on path simultaneously and not can exceed that the capacity C in this path that crosses ' (Wj)；Path allocation considers to share number E (Wj) in the path that crosses, i.e. from the path tracing that crosses to the number distributed each path when evacuating source point, on the premise of meeting constraints, distribute personnel substantially, and the most unappropriated personnel re-assignment is evacuated path to next.
Evacuating the command system 3 personnel successively to each classification of each gathering crowd to carry out evacuating path allocation, for convenience of describing, the most only consider the personnel of each classification assembling crowd, other path allocation methodology assembling crowd are similar to.By all personnel the slowest for the speed in this crowd, it is designated as P1, from shortest path W1, proceeds by distribution, if can not be fully allocated complete, then the most unappropriated personnel are dispensed in second shortest path and next shorter path.
When traveling through other n-1 paths, evacuation command system 3 estimates the people of friction speed on current path and other paths according to personnel's speed V (Pi) and path L (Wj) and the most likely arrives, at synchronization, the path that crosses, if arrive at the path capacity C ' crossed on path and this section of path can not carry the crowd flocked together simultaneously, then can cause blocking up or the generation of tread event, set conflict factor-beta=1 for this situation, now need the crowd to be allocated by conflict to be diverted on next path under meeting constraints；If β=0, the path that crosses will not get congestion.
Until the personnel of all categories all distribute corresponding path or have been available for distribution without path, finally evacuating command system 3 and by 3G communication network, the allocation result evacuating path is sent to Correspondent server 2, Correspondent server 2 utilizes mobile phone NFC communication function to will publish information to all members of crowd.All of gathering personnel can carry out evacuation egress each via the evacuation path of prompting on NFC user side 1, effectively prevent the generation blocked up and trample, also shortens the time used by evacuation simultaneously, improve evacuation egress efficiency.
First concrete utilization example of routing resource of the present invention is as follows:
See Fig. 4, start to distribute crowd Pi from shortest path W1, the path that crosses need not be considered the most not yet, if meeting condition N (Pi)≤C (W1), then crowd the match is successful with current path；If the condition of being unsatisfactory for, then need on crowd decentralization to second shortest path W2, if now path W2 has, with path W1, the path that crosses, then need to consider existing number E (W2) on current path, this part number is produced by path W1, if the people of friction speed has just been gathered at synchronization and has crossed on path on two paths, exceed the path capacity that crosses then can get congestion, conflict factor-beta=1, then evacuate command system 3 can supernumerary group be diverted on the W3 of next path, also to consider on W3 path and path W1 simultaneously, W2 assembles the situation blocked up crossing to be likely to occur on path, when condition meets, the path blocked up is avoided in distribution.
Second concrete utilization example of routing resource of the present invention is as follows:
See Fig. 5, start to distribute crowd Pi from shortest path W1, ibid example gives personnel assignment path W2 and W3 to be evacuated successively, if still there being personnel not to be allocated, then distributed on the W4 of path, now to consider and W1 on the W4 of path, the situation in the path that crosses is had on W2 and W3 path, ensure that distribution personnel on the W4 of path do not clash with the people on other paths on path crossing, i.e. synchronization arrives the personnel amount in path of crossing and not can exceed that the capacity in the path that currently crosses, after personnel assignment on the W4 of path, if still needing the personnel evacuated, distribute the most according to this on the W5 of path, in like manner consider and W1, W2, the situation that crosses on W3 and W4 path, until it is in the case of meeting condition, path allocation is complete.
Claims (2)
1. the gathering crowd evacuation routing resource limited with path capacity based on NFC, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A, first will assemble the personal information record of personnel in NFC smart mobile phone, personal information comprise name, sex, the age, occupation, whether disability and other can reflect the information of health；
B, then utilize the NFC communication function of mobile phone, the personal information assembling personnel is sent to Correspondent server (2), the geographical location information and personal information of assembling crowd are sent to evacuating command system (3) by Correspondent server (2) by 3G communication network, or use the mode of the NFC label reading indoor placement to obtain geographical location information and the personal information of gathering crowd；
Each geographical location information and personal information are collected by c, evacuation command system (3), and the speed of estimator is carried out according to personal information, to assemble crowd location as starting point, evacuate mouth outlet for terminal, travel through out all of active path, the path i.e. can escaped, and W1 can be designated as from small to large successively according to path by effectively evacuating path, W2, ...., Wn, i.e. L (W1)≤L (W2)≤...≤L (Wn), wherein n is the quantity effectively evacuating path；
D, evacuate command system (3) distribution and evacuate path (W), consider number (E) and the conflict factor (β) sharing the path that crosses on crowd's classification (P), crowd's quantity (N), the speed of travel (V), path capacity (C), the path capacity that crosses (C '), active path length (L), current path；
E, evacuate command system (3) personnel to each classification of each gathering crowd successively and carry out evacuating path allocation, path allocation it is critical only that following two constraints: N (Pi)≤C (Wj) and N (Pi)≤C ' (Wj)-E (Wj) * β, wherein i ∈ [1,4], j ∈ [1, n], crowd's quantity N (Pi) of each classification being i.e. assigned to path Wj not can exceed that the capacity C (Wj) in this path, and arrive at the number crossing on path simultaneously and not can exceed that the capacity C in this path that crosses ' (Wj)；Path allocation considers to share number E (Wj) in the path that crosses, i.e. from the path tracing that crosses to the number distributed each path when evacuating source point, personnel are distributed substantially on the premise of meeting constraints, if can not be fully allocated complete, then the most unappropriated personnel are dispensed in second shortest path and next shorter path；
F, finally evacuate command system (3) by evacuate path allocation result be sent to Correspondent server (2) by 3G communication network, Correspondent server (2) utilizes mobile phone NFC communication function to will publish information to all members of crowd.
The gathering crowd evacuation routing resource limited with path capacity based on NFC the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: if described d, step e are conflicted factor-beta=1, now need the crowd to be allocated by conflict to be diverted on next path under meeting constraints.
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| US10489737B2 (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2019-11-26 | Genetec Inc. | Method and system for viral identification of evacuees |
| CN105716621B (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2019-02-01 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | A kind of method and the network equipment of determining target best-effort path |
| CN108460474B (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2024-03-12 | 开利公司 | Evacuation system and evacuation method |
| CN109766834B (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2021-07-27 | 成都师范学院 | Crowd evacuation method based on particle flow |
| CN113038381B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2023-04-07 | 深圳云天励飞技术有限公司 | Evacuation information pushing method and related equipment |
| CN111982092A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-24 | 华南理工大学 | Chemical industry park emergency evacuation route planning system based on pedestrian recognition device |
| CN113077678A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multi-person interactive evacuation simulation system under multi-disaster coupling |
| CN113313895B (en) * | 2021-07-04 | 2022-12-13 | 杭州晶志康电子科技有限公司 | Building escape self-adaptive guiding system and control method thereof |
| CN113888845B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-06-02 | 浙江力石科技股份有限公司 | Regional passenger flow monitoring method and device based on passenger flow overrun dangerous alarm |
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