CN103780317B - Double-threshold cooperative spectrum sensing method based on degree of belief - Google Patents
Double-threshold cooperative spectrum sensing method based on degree of belief Download PDFInfo
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- CN103780317B CN103780317B CN201410013438.3A CN201410013438A CN103780317B CN 103780317 B CN103780317 B CN 103780317B CN 201410013438 A CN201410013438 A CN 201410013438A CN 103780317 B CN103780317 B CN 103780317B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double-threshold cooperative spectrum sensing method based on degree of belief, the method takes into account cognitive radio system reliability and low-load. and described method includes: System Priority utilizes the cognitive nodes meeting double threshold requirement to participate in collaborative sensing, when meeting the cognitive nodes number deficiency of double threshold requirement, increasing the cognitive nodes participation collaborative sensing meeting degree of belief parameter request. fusion center stores the detection record of cognitive nodes, and arranges fusion weight as local detection result.The perceptual parameters of the required transmission of the method decreases, and the channel width taken reduces.Simultaneously as the minimizing of unreliable cognitive nodes, the detection performance of the method further increases.Additionally, compare most methods only improve the deficiency of a certain performance indications of system, native system can be by adjusting parameter ntValue makes system be adapted to different types of wireless traffic, has certain motility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Computer Wireless Communication technical field, assist particularly to a kind of double threshold based on degree of belief
Make frequency spectrum sensing method.
Background technology
Computer Wireless Communication and personal communication have obtained development by leaps and bounds, various systems between the past few decades
Structure, consensus standard and the network architecture emerge in an endless stream.Along with the quick growth of radio communication service, day by day increase
The long contradiction between spectrum requirement and limited frequency spectrum resource, it has also become restrict the main of Development of Wireless Communications
One of bottleneck.And the existing frequency usage policy in countries in the world is in addition to the ISM open frequency range that distribution is few,
Mostly using license granting mechanisms, i.e. authorized user to use regulation frequency range, unauthorized user must not use.And
Research shows, the practical efficiency authorizing frequency spectrum is relatively low.Therefore, no matter how technically how spectrum utilization is improved
Rate, as long as the temporary transient unused regulation frequency range of authorized user, the frequency resource distributing to this user is just wasted.
In order to utilize allocated frequency resource, cognitive radio skill in such a dynamic environment more fully
Art is arisen at the historic moment.It can effectively utilize under existing authorized user results only in a definite limitation interference premise
Frequency spectrum cavity-pocket.The purpose of frequency spectrum perception is quickly to find frequency domain, time domain and the frequency spectrum geographically dynamically occurred
Hole, utilizes frequency spectrum for cognitive user chance mode.Meanwhile, in order to primary user not being interfered, recognize
Know that user is during utilizing spectrum interposition to communicate, it is desirable to be able to quick sensing goes out primary user again
Occur, carry out frequency spectrum switching in time, vacate channel for primary user, or be continuing with original frequency range,
However it is necessary that adjustment through-put power or change modulation system avoid interference.Frequency spectrum perception is mainly physical layer
Technology, be spectrum management, frequency spectrum share and the premise of frequency spectrum mobile management.
Existing frequency spectrum sensing method mainly has: matched filtering device detects, energy measuring and cyclostationary characteristic
Detection.Wherein, matched filtering device detection need the known primary user of cognitive user launch signal for information about (e.g.,
Modulation system, impulse waveform etc.)；The computation complexity of cyclostationary characteristic detection is too high, and needs longer
Observation time ask to extract the characteristic information of signal；By contrast, energy measuring has realization simply, it is not necessary to
The advantage of system extraneous information.But, in actual wireless propagation environment, non-cooperating perception is because of single inspection
The unfavorable factors such as the decline of survey user and noise, are easily caused its testing result and produce deviation with practical situation.
In order to improve accuracy of detection further, increase equipment complexity the most not too much, there has been proposed cooperation frequency
Spectrum cognition technology research, utilizes cooperating between cognitive user, can effectively eliminate the impact of shadow fading,
Reduce the testing requirement of single cognitive user.Collaborative sensing collects perception number from multiple distributed cognitive user
According to, by being in the coordination with one another between multiple cognitive user of diverse geographic location, weaken extraneous unfavorable factor
The negative effect that single cognitive user is caused, the final detection performance improving cognitive radio system.
Existing cooperative frequency spectrum sensing method is typically attached most importance to a certain performance indications of system, it is impossible to take into account many
The performance requirement of aspect.Such as: although requiring that the system that all cognitive nodes participate in cooperation can improve system
Sensing reliability, but the load of system often causes channel congestion, perception time delay is the biggest,
Channel width is limited can not be applied in real-time Communication for Power well.And for example require that part cognitive nodes participates in
Although the system of cooperation can reduce perception expense but detection performance is the most not ideal enough, existing many sides
Method is the part cognitive nodes selecting to participate in cooperation based on double threshold, if double threshold arranges improper, meeting
Cause and participate in the cognitive nodes of cooperation too much or very little.When cognitive nodes is too many, the load of system can not get
The biggest improvement；When cognitive nodes very little time, systematic function can very poor even cause perception failure.If
Further raising sensing reliability and use Weighted Fusion method, weight parameter is merged in transmission can further shadow
Ring channel congestion and perception time delay.Although some method does not use double threshold to select cognitive nodes (such as: utilize letter
Appoint degree parameter), but the most reliably and then determine whether it joins by each cognitive nodes of degree of belief Verification
Cause the increase of system complexity with cooperative association thus cause the increase of perception time delay.And the present invention can be fine
Ground solves problem above.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at for the existing deficiency only improving a certain performance indications of system, it is proposed that Yi Zhongjian
Turn round and look at cognitive radio system reliability and the cooperative spectrum detection method of low-load.The method is based on following interior
Hold: 1, based on self adaptation double threshold and the checking of the local testing result of degree of belief parameter；2, fusion center
Being recorded as it according to the detection of cognitive nodes and arrange fusion weight, weight parameter is stored in fusion center, it is to avoid
The overhead that transmission brings.
The present invention solves its technical problem and is adopted the technical scheme that: the System Priority of the present invention utilizes and meets
The cognitive nodes that double threshold requires participates in collaborative sensing, when the cognitive nodes number deficiency meeting double threshold requirement
Time, increase the cognitive nodes participation collaborative sensing meeting degree of belief parameter request.Fusion center stores cognition
The detection record of node, and fusion weight is set as local detection result, and Weighted Fusion obtains the overall situation
Testing result.
The present invention, on the basis of tradition double-threshold cooperative spectrum sensing method, has made following improvement: 1, for
In the selection of Reliable cognition node, the present invention does not only rely on self adaptation double threshold, when cognitive nodes number is less,
Introduce again degree of belief parameter.Because traditional double thresholding is affected by noise relatively big on thresholding is arranged, once arrange
Improper, can cause participating in the cognitive nodes of cooperation too much or very little.The present invention is by degree of enhancing trust
Parameter, when the cognitive nodes number participating in cooperation is not up to preset value, the cognitive nodes between double threshold
According to degree of belief Verification reliability.If meeting degree of belief parameter request, cooperation can be participated in.So
Just compensate for the less deficiency of cognitive nodes number.
Method flow:
Step 1: the double threshold of cognitive nodes is set；By structure CRiEffectively utilize function Ui(λi) and ask
Solve its maximum, i.e. optimum simple gate limit λopt,i, and self adaptation double threshold λ is set on this basis1,iAnd λ2,i；
Step 2: cognitive nodes carries out local energy detection independently, if Ti<λ1,i, then d is adjudicatedi=0；If
Ti>λ2,i, then d is adjudicatedi=1, by diReach fusion center and participate in collaborative sensing, if λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,i,
Wouldn't adjudicate；
Step 3: if nc≥[N/nt], then give up and all in above-mentioned steps 2 be in λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,iIn
Node；Wherein, ncRepresent the cognitive nodes number sending local testing result in above-mentioned steps 2 to fusion center,
N represents cognitive nodes sum, ntIt is adjustable parameter (nt>=1), [] expression takes its maximum integer；If
nc<[N/nt], fusion center broadcast uncertain information, now meet λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,iCognitive nodes adopt
Use single threshold judgement, i.e. according to Ti≤λopt,iOr Ti>λopt,i, adjudicate di=0 or di=1, and join by degree of belief
Number makees checking further；If checking diIt is believable, by diReach fusion center；Otherwise, d is given upi；
Step 4: cognitive nodes weight is arranged；Taking turns in perception each, fusion center can store and upload
Local testing result diWith system global outcome D, and the weight of cognitive nodes is set with this；
Step 5: fusion center be weighted merge, and to all cognitive nodes broadcast global detection result 0 or
1；If fusion center does not receives any local testing result, then broadcast message deleted signal, now system
Start next round frequency spectrum perception immediately；
Step 6: in order to take into account accuracy and the efficiency two indices of system, can suitably adjust nt；Work as ntIncrease
Time big, meet λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,iCognitive nodes participate in cooperation probability reduce, the data of system transfers
Amount will reduce, but detection degree of accuracy reduces；Work as ntDuring reduction, meet λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,iCognitive nodes
The probability participating in cooperation increases, and the data volume of system transfers will increase, and detection degree of accuracy improves；System can
Difference according to communication service suitably adjusts nt。
Beneficial effect:
1, the present invention does not use only according to selecting the reason of cognitive nodes to be according to degree of belief parameter, degree of belief
Verification cognitive nodes relatively double threshold is complicated, needs the more time thus reduces the perception efficiency of system.
2, for merging choosing of weight, the present invention does not use in most methods and arranges according to signal to noise ratio,
But utilize the cognitive nodes judgement record that fusion center stores.Thus avoid the transmission of each cognitive nodes
The channel congestion that weight coefficient causes.Fusion center only arranges fusion power according to up-to-date some detection records taken turns
Weigh the accuracy and the ageing carrying cost simultaneously reducing fusion center that not only ensure that weight is arranged.
3, the present invention can be by adjusting parameter ntAdapt to different types of wireless traffic, have certain flexible
Property.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the energy detector frame diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the collaborative spectrum sensing illustraton of model of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the method flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the present invention is described in further detail.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the method for the invention comprises the steps:
Step 1: the double threshold of cognitive nodes is set；By structure CRiEffectively utilize function Ui(λi) and ask
Solve its maximum, i.e. optimum simple gate limit λopt,i, and self adaptation double threshold λ is set on this basis1,iAnd λ2,i。
Step 2: cognitive nodes carries out local energy detection independently；If Ti<λ1,i, then d is adjudicatedi=0；If
Ti>λ2,i, then d is adjudicatedi=1, by diReach fusion center and participate in collaborative sensing；If λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,i,
Wouldn't adjudicate.
Step 3: if nc≥[N/nt], then give up and all in step 2 be in λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,iIn node；
Wherein, ncRepresenting the cognitive nodes number sending local testing result in step 2 to fusion center, N represents cognitive
Node total number, ntIt is adjustable parameter (nt>=1), [] expression takes its maximum integer；If nc<[N/nt], merge
Center broadcasts uncertain information, now meets λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,iCognitive nodes use single threshold judgement,
I.e. according to Ti≤λopt,iOr Ti>λopt,i, adjudicate di=0 or di=1, and make checking further by degree of belief parameter；
If checking diIt is believable, by diReach fusion center；Otherwise, d is given upi。
Step 4: cognitive nodes weight is arranged；Taking turns in perception each, fusion center can store and upload
Local testing result diWith system global outcome D, and the weight of cognitive nodes is set with this.
Step 5: fusion center be weighted merge, and to all cognitive nodes broadcast global detection result 0 or
1；If fusion center does not receives any local testing result, then broadcast message deleted signal, now system
Start next round frequency spectrum perception immediately.
Step 6: in order to take into account accuracy and the efficiency two indices of system, can suitably adjust nt；Work as nt
During increase, meet λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,iCognitive nodes participate in cooperation probability reduce, the number of system transfers
To reduce according to amount, but detection degree of accuracy will reduce；Work as ntDuring reduction, meet λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,iCognitive joint
Point participates in the probability of cooperation and increases, and the data volume of system transfers will increase, and detection degree of accuracy improves.Therefore,
System can suitably adjust n according to the difference of communication servicet。
In sum, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention not office
It is limited to this.In the technical scope disclosed by invention, the change that can readily occur in or replacement, all should contain
Within the technical scope that disclosed herein.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the guarantor of claims
The scope of protecting is as the criterion.
Claims (1)
1. a double-threshold cooperative spectrum sensing method based on degree of belief, it is characterised in that
Described method comprises the steps:
Step 1: the double threshold of cognitive nodes is set；By structure CRiEffectively utilize function
Ui(λi) and solve its maximum, i.e. optimum simple gate limit λopt,i, and arrange on this basis certainly
Adapt to double threshold λ1,iAnd λ2,i；
Step 2: cognitive nodes carries out local energy detection independently, if Ti<λ1,i, then adjudicate
di=0；If Ti>λ2,i, then d is adjudicatedi=1, by diReach fusion center and participate in collaborative sensing, if
λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,i, wouldn't adjudicate；
Step 3: if nc≥[N/nt], then give up and all in above-mentioned steps 2 be in λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,i
In node；Wherein, ncRepresent and above-mentioned steps 2 sends local testing result to fusion center
Cognitive nodes number, N represent cognitive nodes sum, ntIt is adjustable parameter, nt>=1, [] table
Show and take its maximum integer；If nc<[N/nt], fusion center broadcast uncertain information, now
Meet λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,iCognitive nodes use single threshold judgement, i.e. according to Ti<λopt,iOr
Ti>λopt,i, adjudicate di=0 or di=1, and make checking further by degree of belief parameter；If checking
diIt is believable, by diReach fusion center；Otherwise, d is given upi；
Step 4: cognitive nodes weight is arranged；Take turns in perception each, fusion center meeting
Local testing result d that storage is uploadediWith system global outcome D, and cognitive nodes is set with this
Weight；
Step 5: fusion center is weighted merging, and to the broadcast overall situation inspection of all cognitive nodes
Survey result 0 or 1；If fusion center does not receives any local testing result, then broadcast letter
Breath deleted signal, now system starts next round frequency spectrum perception immediately；
Step 6: in order to take into account accuracy and the efficiency two indices of system, adjusts nt；Work as nt
During increase, meet λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,iCognitive nodes participate in cooperation probability reduce, system transfers
Data volume will reduce, but detection degree of accuracy reduce；Work as ntDuring reduction, meet λ1,i≤Ti≤λ2,i
Cognitive nodes participate in the probability of cooperation and increase, the data volume of system transfers will increase, and improve inspection
Survey degree of accuracy；System can adjust n according to the difference of communication servicet, adapt to different types of
Wireless traffic；
Wherein CRiRepresent i-th cognitive nodes；Ui(λi) represent i-th cognitive nodes CRi?
Simple gate limit λiEffectively utilize function；TiRepresent the energy statistics amount of i-th cognitive nodes；
Described method, when cognitive nodes number is less, introduces degree of belief parameter；
Described method is by degree of enhancing trust parameter, when the cognitive nodes number participating in cooperation does not reaches
During to preset value, the cognitive nodes between double threshold is reliable according to degree of belief Verification
Property；If meeting degree of belief parameter request, participate in cooperation；
System Priority in described method utilizes and meets the cognitive nodes that double threshold requires and participate in association
Make perception, when meeting the cognitive nodes number deficiency of double threshold requirement, increase and meet degree of belief
The cognitive nodes of parameter request participates in collaborative sensing；Fusion center stores the detection of cognitive nodes
Record, and fusion weight is set as local detection result, and Weighted Fusion obtains overall situation inspection
Survey result；Described fusion center only arranges fusion power according to up-to-date some detection records taken turns
Weight；
Described method is a kind of cooperation frequency taking into account cognitive radio system reliability and low-load
Spectrum detection method；Described method is based on following content: 1) based on self adaptation double threshold and letter
Appoint the checking of the local testing result of degree parameter；2) fusion center is according to the detection of cognitive nodes
Being recorded as it and arrange fusion weight, weight parameter is stored in fusion center.
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| CN105704736B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2019-01-29 | 北京信息科技大学 | A kind of network end-to-end delay optimization method based on Bayes's trust model |
| CN104506262B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-04-05 | 清华大学 | Based on the autocorrelative self adaptation DTMB frequency spectrum detecting method of PN sequences |
| CN104618909B (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2017-12-01 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | A kind of aviation radio cooperative frequency spectrum sensing method based on credit worthiness |
| CN104767578B (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2017-04-19 | 南京邮电大学 | Double-threshold energy sensing method and system based on self-adaptation detecting length |
| CN105141384B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2018-06-12 | 宁波大学 | A kind of cognitive radio cooperative frequency spectrum sensing method |
| CN110139283B (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2022-09-27 | 河南科技大学 | Cognitive Internet of vehicles cooperative spectrum sensing method based on double-threshold energy detection |
| CN110649982B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-09-28 | 南京邮电大学 | Double-threshold energy detection method based on secondary user node selection |
| CN111740795B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-05-27 | 南京邮电大学 | Double-threshold cooperative sensing method based on secondary user history judgment |
| CN112565651B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-10-21 | 深圳数字电视国家工程实验室股份有限公司 | Data transmission method, electronic device and computer readable storage medium |
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