CN106131854A - Base station and signaling method based on frequency spectrum perception technology - Google Patents
Base station and signaling method based on frequency spectrum perception technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明实施例提供一种基站以及基于频谱感知技术的信号发送方法,该方法包括:基站在每个检测周期到达时,应用频谱感知技术测量小区内所有授权频点的上行信号的噪声功率比;所述基站若检测出连续M个频点中的N个频点的噪声功率比大于阈值,则在该M个频点的下行信道广播阻塞信息,用以指示终端所述阻塞信息的传送频点将暂停信号发送;之后,所述基站暂停该M个频点的信号发送。应用本发明,可以提高行业无线通信系统的频谱资源的利用率,规避干扰频段保证通信质量,提升系统可靠性。
An embodiment of the present invention provides a base station and a signal transmission method based on spectrum sensing technology. The method includes: when the base station arrives at each detection cycle, apply the spectrum sensing technology to measure the noise power ratio of uplink signals of all authorized frequency points in the cell; If the base station detects that the noise power ratio of N frequency points among the consecutive M frequency points is greater than the threshold, it broadcasts blocking information on the downlink channel of the M frequency points to indicate the transmission frequency point of the blocking information to the terminal The signal transmission is suspended; after that, the base station suspends the signal transmission of the M frequency points. By applying the present invention, the utilization rate of frequency spectrum resources of the industry wireless communication system can be improved, interference frequency bands can be avoided to ensure communication quality, and system reliability can be improved.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及无线电技术领域,特别涉及一种基站以及基于频谱感知技术的信号发送方法。The present invention relates to the field of radio technology, in particular to a base station and a signal sending method based on spectrum sensing technology.
背景技术Background technique
随着无线技术的飞速发展,移动高速数据网,无线多媒体应用等高数据率需求的无线应用已广泛部署,无线用户数量呈爆发式增长,对无线频谱提出了新的要求。而无线频谱资源作为一个国家稀缺的、不可再生的战略资源,由各国相关管理部门统一调配,各行各业在获准授权的频谱内开展业务应用。频谱资源一经授权分配,标志着业务可用无线资源固定,面对新业务新技术对于频谱利用的新需求以及用户大量增长的挑战,如何利用有限的频谱资源满足各种无线的应用频谱需求已成为当前热门的研究课题。With the rapid development of wireless technology, mobile high-speed data networks, wireless multimedia applications and other wireless applications with high data rate requirements have been widely deployed, and the number of wireless users is growing explosively, which puts forward new requirements for wireless spectrum. As a country's scarce and non-renewable strategic resources, wireless spectrum resources are uniformly allocated by the relevant management departments of various countries, and all walks of life carry out business applications in the authorized spectrum. Once the spectrum resources are authorized and allocated, it indicates that the wireless resources available for the business are fixed. Facing the new demands of new services and new technologies for spectrum utilization and the challenges of a large number of users, how to use limited spectrum resources to meet the spectrum requirements of various wireless applications has become the current popular research topic.
目前国内现有的几种电力无线通信系统,传统的230MHz数传电台、Mobitex等通信协议简单,难以保证频谱利用率;WiMAX、McWill、TD-LTE等系统通信协议完善,但是网络结构复杂、设备功耗大,尤其难以获得统一的授权频点,并不适用于行业无线通信系统的大规模、统一推广。国内既有无线频谱资源分配中,明确分配给电力用户用于负荷监控的频谱为223MHz-235MHz频段范围内40个离散频点、共计1MHz带宽的频谱资源,同时该频段内亦授权其它行业部分离散频点用于业务数据传输使用,因此电力230MHz频段的通信终端工作的信道环境复杂,既存在其它行业用户数传电台的邻道干扰,又存在电力用户负控数传电台的带内干扰。At present, there are several power wireless communication systems in China. The communication protocols of traditional 230MHz digital transmission stations and Mobitex are simple, and it is difficult to guarantee the spectrum utilization rate; the communication protocols of WiMAX, McWill, and TD-LTE are perfect, but the network structure is complex and the The power consumption is high, and it is especially difficult to obtain a unified authorized frequency point, which is not suitable for large-scale and unified promotion of industrial wireless communication systems. In the allocation of existing wireless spectrum resources in China, the spectrum allocated to power users for load monitoring is 40 discrete frequency points within the 223MHz-235MHz frequency band, with a total bandwidth of 1MHz. The frequency point is used for business data transmission, so the channel environment for communication terminals in the electric power 230MHz frequency band is complex. There is not only adjacent channel interference from data transmission stations of other industry users, but also in-band interference from data transmission stations controlled by power users.
因此,有必要进一步提高行业无线通信系统的频谱资源的利用率,规避干扰频段保证通信质量,提升系统可靠性。Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the utilization rate of spectrum resources in industrial wireless communication systems, avoid interference frequency bands, ensure communication quality, and improve system reliability.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明提出一种基站及其基于频谱感知技术的通信方法,以提高行业无线通信系统的频谱资源的利用率,规避干扰频段保证通信质量,提升系统可靠性。In view of this, the present invention proposes a base station and its communication method based on spectrum sensing technology to improve the utilization rate of spectrum resources in industrial wireless communication systems, avoid interference frequency bands, ensure communication quality, and improve system reliability.
基于上述目的本发明提供的一种基于频谱感知技术的信号发送方法,包括:Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a signal transmission method based on spectrum sensing technology, including:
基站在每个检测周期到达时,应用频谱感知技术测量小区内所有授权频点的上行信号的噪声功率;When the base station arrives in each detection cycle, it applies spectrum sensing technology to measure the noise power of uplink signals at all authorized frequency points in the cell;
所述基站若检测出连续M个频点中的N个频点的噪声功率大于阈值,则在该M个频点的下行信道广播阻塞信息,用以指示终端所述阻塞信息的传送频点将暂停信号发送;If the base station detects that the noise power of N frequency points in consecutive M frequency points is greater than the threshold, it broadcasts blocking information on the downlink channel of the M frequency points to indicate to the terminal that the transmission frequency point of the blocking information will Pause signal sending;
之后,所述基站暂停该M个频点的信号发送;Afterwards, the base station suspends the signal transmission of the M frequency points;
其中,M为小于所有授权频点个数的自然数,N为小于M的自然数。Wherein, M is a natural number smaller than the number of all authorized frequency points, and N is a natural number smaller than M.
进一步,所述基站暂停该M个频点的信号发送后,还包括:Further, after the base station suspends the signal transmission of the M frequency points, it also includes:
所述基站若检测出该M个频点达到恢复条件,则恢复该M个频点的信号发送;If the base station detects that the M frequency points meet the recovery condition, then resume the signal transmission of the M frequency points;
其中,所述恢复条件具体为该M个频点中的R个频点的噪声功率小于所述阈值;所述R为小于或等于M、且大于M-N的自然数。Wherein, the recovery condition is specifically that the noise power of R frequency points among the M frequency points is less than the threshold; the R is a natural number less than or equal to M and greater than M-N.
根据本发明的另一个方面,还提供了一种基站,包括:According to another aspect of the present invention, a base station is also provided, including:
噪声监测模块,用于在每个检测周期到达时,应用频谱感知技术测量小区内所有授权频点的上行信号的噪声功率比;The noise monitoring module is used to apply spectrum sensing technology to measure the noise power ratio of uplink signals of all authorized frequency points in the cell when each detection cycle arrives;
阻塞判定模块,用于根据所述噪声监测模块的检测结果,若确定连续M个频点中的N个频点的噪声功率比大于阈值,则将该M个频点判定为阻塞频点;A blocking determination module, configured to determine the M frequency points as blocking frequency points if it is determined that the noise power ratios of N frequency points in consecutive M frequency points are greater than a threshold according to the detection result of the noise monitoring module;
无线资源调度模块,用于在所述阻塞频点的下行信道广播阻塞信息,用以指示终端所述阻塞信息的传送频点将暂停信号发送;之后,暂停该M个频点的信号发送。The wireless resource scheduling module is used to broadcast blocking information on the downlink channel of the blocking frequency point, and is used to instruct the terminal that the transmission frequency point of the blocking information will suspend signal transmission; after that, suspend the signal transmission of the M frequency points.
进一步,所述阻塞判定模块还用于根据所述噪声监测模块的检测结果,若确定该M个频点达到恢复条件,则将该M个频点判定为正常频点;以及Further, the blocking determination module is further configured to determine the M frequency points as normal frequency points if it is determined that the M frequency points meet the recovery condition according to the detection result of the noise monitoring module; and
所述无线资源调度模块使用正常频点进行信号发送;The wireless resource scheduling module uses a normal frequency point for signal transmission;
其中,所述恢复条件具体为该M个频点中的R个频点的噪声功率小于所述阈值;所述R为小于或等于M、且大于M-N的自然数。Wherein, the recovery condition is specifically that the noise power of R frequency points among the M frequency points is less than the threshold; the R is a natural number less than or equal to M and greater than M-N.
本发明技术方案中,应用频谱感知技术测量小区内所有授权频点的上行信号的噪声功率比,将测量的噪声功率比与设定的阈值进行比较,从而识别出可用频谱与受干扰频谱;进而,若判定出连续M个频点中的N个频点的噪声功率比大于阈值,则让出一组M个频点的空口资源,对该M个频点进行阻塞的下行信道广播阻塞信息;从而规避干扰,尽量减少对其它系统的干扰,同时保证本系统的信号传输质量,提升系统可靠性,提高行业无线通信系统的频谱资源的利用率。In the technical solution of the present invention, the spectrum sensing technology is used to measure the noise power ratio of the uplink signals of all authorized frequency points in the cell, and the measured noise power ratio is compared with the set threshold, thereby identifying the available spectrum and the interfered spectrum; and then , if it is determined that the noise power ratio of N frequency points among the consecutive M frequency points is greater than the threshold value, then give up a group of air interface resources of M frequency points, and broadcast blocking information on the downlink channel that blocks the M frequency points; In order to avoid interference, minimize interference to other systems, and at the same time ensure the signal transmission quality of the system, improve system reliability, and improve the utilization rate of spectrum resources in industrial wireless communication systems.
进一步,在测量噪声功率比时,主要是考虑带外干扰功率,以明确带外异系统对带内的干扰,从而可以针对性地对带外干扰较大的频点进行阻塞,从而既避免带内系统发送的信号受到干扰,也可避免对带外异系统的信号干扰,使不同行业的无线通信系统之间避免相互干扰、实现和谐共存。Furthermore, when measuring the noise power ratio, the out-of-band interference power is mainly considered to clarify the interference of the out-of-band heterogeneous system on the in-band, so that the frequency points with large out-of-band interference can be blocked in a targeted manner, so as to avoid out-of-band interference If the signal sent by the internal system is interfered, it can also avoid signal interference to the out-of-band different system, so that wireless communication systems in different industries can avoid mutual interference and achieve harmonious coexistence.
进一步,针对电力行业的无线通信系统的223MHz-235MHz频段范围进行频谱资源的规划,考虑避免频点之间的三阶互调影响,规划部分频点不可用,并分为3簇频点,从而充分利用频谱资源,同时又尽量避免频点之间的相互干扰。Further, plan spectrum resources for the 223MHz-235MHz frequency range of the wireless communication system in the power industry, consider avoiding the third-order intermodulation effect between frequency points, plan some frequency points to be unavailable, and divide them into 3 clusters of frequency points, so that Make full use of spectrum resources while avoiding mutual interference between frequency points as much as possible.
本发明附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,这些将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will become apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
本发明上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easy to understand from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1为本发明实施例的基于频谱感知技术的信号发送方法的流程图;FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a signal transmission method based on spectrum sensing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例的电力行业的无线频段干扰规避示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of wireless frequency band interference avoidance in the electric power industry according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例的4频点载波聚合功放发射前后的频谱对比图;FIG. 3 is a spectrum comparison diagram before and after transmission of a 4-frequency point carrier aggregation power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例的下行信道的子载波分配示意图;FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of subcarrier allocation of a downlink channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例的上行信道的子载波分配示意图;FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of subcarrier allocation of an uplink channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例的基站内部结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能解释为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
本技术领域技术人员可以理解,除非特意声明,这里使用的单数形式“一”、“一个”、“所述”和“该”也可包括复数形式。应该进一步理解的是,本发明的说明书中使用的措辞“包括”是指存在所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件,但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或它们的组。应该理解,当我们称元件被“连接”或“耦接”到另一元件时,它可以直接连接或耦接到其他元件,或者也可以存在中间元件。此外,这里使用的“连接”或“耦接”可以包括无线连接或无线耦接。这里使用的措辞“和/或”包括一个或更多个相关联的列出项的全部或任一单元和全部组合。Those skilled in the art will understand that unless otherwise stated, the singular forms "a", "an", "said" and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the word "comprising" used in the description of the present invention refers to the presence of said features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, Integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Additionally, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wireless connection or wireless coupling. The expression "and/or" used herein includes all or any elements and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.
本技术领域技术人员可以理解,除非另外定义,这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语),具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是,诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语,应该被理解为具有与现有技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义,并且除非像这里一样被特定定义,否则不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。Those skilled in the art can understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art, and unless specifically defined as herein, are not intended to be idealized or overly Formal meaning to explain.
本技术领域技术人员可以理解,这里所使用的“终端”、“终端设备”既包括无线信号接收器的设备,其仅具备无发射能力的无线信号接收器的设备,又包括接收和发射硬件的设备,其具有能够在双向通信链路上,进行双向通信的接收和发射硬件的设备。这种设备可以包括:蜂窝或其他通信设备,其具有单线路显示器或多线路显示器或没有多线路显示器的蜂窝或其他通信设备;PCS(Personal Communications Service,个人通信系统),其可以组合语音、数据处理、传真和/或数据通信能力;PDA(Personal Digital Assistant,个人数字助理),其可以包括射频接收器、寻呼机、互联网/内联网访问、网络浏览器、记事本、日历和/或GPS(Global Positioning System,全球定位系统)接收器;常规膝上型和/或掌上型计算机或其他设备,其具有和/或包括射频接收器的常规膝上型和/或掌上型计算机或其他设备。这里所使用的“终端”、“终端设备”可以是便携式、可运输、安装在交通工具(航空、海运和/或陆地)中的,或者适合于和/或配置为在本地运行,和/或以分布形式,运行在地球和/或空间的任何其他位置运行。这里所使用的“终端”、“终端设备”还可以是通信终端、上网终端、音乐/视频播放终端,例如可以是PDA、MID(Mobile Internet Device,移动互联网设备)和/或具有音乐/视频播放功能的移动电话,也可以是智能电视、机顶盒等设备。Those skilled in the art can understand that the "terminal" and "terminal equipment" used here not only include wireless signal receiver equipment, which only has wireless signal receiver equipment without transmission capabilities, but also include receiving and transmitting hardware. A device having receive and transmit hardware capable of bi-directional communication over a bi-directional communication link. Such equipment may include: cellular or other communication equipment, which has a single-line display or a multi-line display or a cellular or other communication equipment without a multi-line display; PCS (Personal Communications Service, personal communication system), which can combine voice, data Processing, facsimile and/or data communication capabilities; PDA (Personal Digital Assistant, Personal Digital Assistant), which may include radio frequency receiver, pager, Internet/Intranet access, web browser, notepad, calendar and/or GPS (Global Positioning System (Global Positioning System) receiver; a conventional laptop and/or palmtop computer or other device having and/or including a radio frequency receiver. As used herein, a "terminal", "terminal device" may be portable, transportable, installed in a vehicle (air, sea, and/or land), or adapted and/or configured to operate locally, and/or In distributed form, the operation operates at any other location on Earth and/or in space. The "terminal" and "terminal equipment" used here can also be communication terminals, Internet terminals, music/video playback terminals, such as PDAs, MIDs (Mobile Internet Devices, mobile Internet devices) and/or with music/video playback terminals. Functional mobile phones, smart TVs, set-top boxes and other devices.
需要说明的是,本发明实施例中所有使用“第一”和“第二”的表述均是为了区分两个相同名称非相同的实体或者非相同的参量,可见“第一”“第二”仅为了表述的方便,不应理解为对本发明实施例的限定,后续实施例对此不再一一说明。It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are to distinguish two entities with the same name but different parameters or parameters that are not the same, see "first" and "second" It is only for the convenience of expression, and should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention, which will not be described one by one in the subsequent embodiments.
本发明的发明人考虑到,利用认知无线电的频谱感知技术在授权频点有效识别可用频谱与受干扰频谱,可以更大限度利用频谱资源,提高频谱资源的利用率;并在频谱感知的基础上,规避干扰保证通信质量,提升系统可靠性。The inventors of the present invention consider that using the spectrum sensing technology of cognitive radio to effectively identify the available spectrum and the interfered spectrum at the licensed frequency point can maximize the use of spectrum resources and improve the utilization rate of spectrum resources; and on the basis of spectrum sensing On the one hand, avoid interference to ensure communication quality and improve system reliability.
认知无线电技术是一种新颖的通信技术,它能有效地缓和现有股东频谱管理方式导致的频谱稀缺问题,被认为是下一代最具潜力的通信技术之一。频谱感知作为无线电的关键技术之一,它能检测周围空间的频谱空洞,为认知无线用户提供可利用的频谱。Cognitive radio technology is a novel communication technology, which can effectively alleviate the problem of spectrum scarcity caused by existing shareholders' spectrum management methods, and is considered to be one of the most potential communication technologies in the next generation. As one of the key technologies of radio, spectrum sensing can detect spectrum holes in the surrounding space and provide usable spectrum for cognitive wireless users.
本发明的发明人将频谱感知技术应用于行业无线通信系统,并据此提供了一种基于频谱感知技术的信号发送方法和基站。下面结合附图详细说明本发明的技术方案。The inventor of the present invention applies the spectrum sensing technology to the industrial wireless communication system, and accordingly provides a signal sending method and base station based on the spectrum sensing technology. The technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
本发明提供了的基于频谱感知技术的信号发送方法流程图,如图1所示,包括如下步骤:The flow chart of the signal transmission method based on spectrum sensing technology provided by the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, includes the following steps:
S101:基站在每个检测周期到达时,应用频谱感知技术测量小区内所有授权频点的上行信号的噪声功率比;S101: The base station measures the noise power ratio of uplink signals of all authorized frequency points in the cell by applying spectrum sensing technology when each detection cycle arrives;
具体地,基站周期性检测各授权频点的上行信号的噪声功率比;即在一个检测周期内,基站应用频谱感知技术对小区内各授权频点的上行信号的噪声功率比进行测量。Specifically, the base station periodically detects the noise power ratio of the uplink signal of each licensed frequency point; that is, within a detection period, the base station applies spectrum sensing technology to measure the noise power ratio of the uplink signal of each licensed frequency point in the cell.
事实上,本发明方法主要是为了规避带内异系统的干扰;因此,在进行噪声功率比测量时,主要考虑带外干扰的噪声;因此,较佳地,基站在每个检测周期到达时,计算各授权频点的带宽功率值,进而测量各授权频点的带外干扰功率;对于一个授权频点而言,将该频点的带外干扰功率与该频点的带宽功率值的比值作为测量出的该频点的上行信号的噪声功率比。In fact, the method of the present invention is mainly to avoid the interference of different systems within the band; therefore, when performing noise power ratio measurement, the noise of the out-of-band interference is mainly considered; therefore, preferably, when the base station arrives in each detection period, Calculate the bandwidth power value of each authorized frequency point, and then measure the out-of-band interference power of each authorized frequency point; for an authorized frequency point, the ratio of the out-of-band interference power of the frequency point to the bandwidth power value of the frequency point is taken as The measured noise power ratio of the uplink signal at this frequency point.
根据带外干扰功率来计算噪声功率,可以明确带外异系统对带内的干扰,从而可以针对性地对带外干扰较大的频点进行阻塞,从而既避免带内系统发送的信号受到干扰,也可避免对带外异系统的信号干扰。Calculating the noise power based on the out-of-band interference power can clarify the interference of different out-of-band systems on the in-band, so that the frequency points with large out-of-band interference can be blocked in a targeted manner, so as to avoid interference to the signal sent by the in-band system , It can also avoid signal interference to out-of-band heterogeneous systems.
例如,电力行业223MHz-235MHz频段范围的电磁环境复杂,既存在其它行业大功率数传电台邻道干扰,又存在电力行业自身数传电台的干扰,尤其是电力行业用于负控监测的数传电台干扰较严重,电力无线通信系统需要与负控数传电台实现和谐共存,需要在频谱感知的基础上进行干扰规避。For example, the electromagnetic environment in the 223MHz-235MHz frequency band of the electric power industry is complex. There is not only adjacent channel interference from high-power digital transmission stations in other industries, but also interference from the electric power industry’s own digital transmission stations, especially the digital transmission stations used for negative control monitoring in the electric power industry. The radio interference is serious, and the power wireless communication system needs to coexist harmoniously with the negative control digital radio, and interference avoidance needs to be performed on the basis of spectrum sensing.
S102:基站检测各授权频点的上行信号的噪声功率是否超过阈值;S102: The base station detects whether the noise power of the uplink signal of each authorized frequency point exceeds a threshold;
具体地,基站将测量出的各授权频点的上行信号的噪声功率比分别与预先设定的噪声的阈值进行比较,将噪声功率比超过阈值的授权频点作为备选频点。此外,还可以计算备选频点的有效带内功率;对备选频点进行带外阻塞折算;对备选频点进行峰值干扰处理;将备选频点集内干扰最小的频点置有效标记位。Specifically, the base station compares the measured noise power ratios of the uplink signals of each licensed frequency point with a preset noise threshold, and uses the licensed frequency point whose noise power ratio exceeds the threshold as a candidate frequency point. In addition, it can also calculate the effective in-band power of the candidate frequency point; perform out-of-band blocking conversion on the candidate frequency point; perform peak interference processing on the candidate frequency point; set the frequency point with the smallest interference in the candidate frequency point set to be effective flag bit.
S103:基站若检测出连续M个频点中的N个频点的噪声功率比大于阈值,则在该M个频点的下行信道广播阻塞信息。S103: If the base station detects that the noise power ratios of N frequency points among the consecutive M frequency points are greater than a threshold, broadcast blocking information on downlink channels of the M frequency points.
具体地,基站若确定连续M个频点中的备选频点数大于等于N,即判断检测出连续M个频点中的N个频点的噪声功率比大于阈值,则在该M个频点的下行信道广播阻塞信息,用以指示终端所述阻塞信息的传送频点将暂停信号发送。Specifically, if the base station determines that the number of candidate frequency points in the consecutive M frequency points is greater than or equal to N, that is, it judges that the noise power ratio of N frequency points in the consecutive M frequency points is greater than the threshold value, then at the M frequency points The downlink channel broadcasts the blocking information, which is used to indicate to the terminal that the transmission frequency point of the blocking information will suspend signal transmission.
基站感知到有其它系统干扰的时候应该马上避让,让其它系统优先传输,为了尽量减少对其它系统的干扰,一次可以让掉一组频点的空口资源。基站可以感知上行信道是否正常,而终端可以感知下行信道是否正常,当基站确定上行信道干扰比较大,出现连续M个频点中的N个频点的噪声功率比大于阈值的时候,则进行该M个频点的小区阻塞,在该M个频点的下行信道广播阻塞信息。When the base station senses the interference of other systems, it should avoid it immediately and let other systems transmit first. In order to minimize the interference to other systems, it can give up the air interface resources of a group of frequency points at a time. The base station can perceive whether the uplink channel is normal, and the terminal can perceive whether the downlink channel is normal. When the base station determines that the uplink channel interference is relatively large, and the noise power ratio of N frequency points in consecutive M frequency points is greater than the threshold, the The cells of the M frequency points are blocked, and the blocking information is broadcast on the downlink channels of the M frequency points.
较佳地,阻塞的最小单元为M个频点,即当M个频点内有N个频点检测到噪声比较大的情况,则将该M个频点阻塞;其中,M为小于所有授权频点个数的自然数,N为小于M的自然数,M和N具体可以由技术人员根据实际情况设置;例如,设置M为5,N为3。Preferably, the smallest unit of blocking is M frequency points, that is, when N frequency points within M frequency points detect relatively large noise, the M frequency points are blocked; where M is less than all authorized The number of frequency points is a natural number, N is a natural number smaller than M, and M and N can be set by technical personnel according to the actual situation; for example, set M to 5 and N to 3.
当基站检测到上行阻塞的时候,下行信道可能还是可以使用的,基站可以继续使用下行信道在阻塞的频点上广播小区阻塞信息,但是不启动任何业务。阻塞信号仅发送一次,发送后则整个被阻塞的频点组不发送任何信号(包括参考信号,同步,广播)。图2示出了电力行业的无线频段干扰规避示意图。When the base station detects uplink congestion, the downlink channel may still be available, and the base station can continue to use the downlink channel to broadcast cell congestion information on the blocked frequency, but does not start any services. The blocking signal is only sent once, and after sending, the entire blocked frequency point group does not send any signal (including reference signal, synchronization, broadcast). Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of wireless frequency band interference avoidance in the electric power industry.
进一步,基站暂停该M个频点的信号发送后,若检测出该M个频点达到恢复条件,则恢复该M个频点的信号发送;其中,所述恢复条件具体为该M个频点中的R个频点的噪声功率小于所述阈值;所述R为小于或等于M、且大于M-N的自然数。Further, after the base station suspends the signal transmission of the M frequency points, if it detects that the M frequency points meet the recovery condition, then resumes the signal transmission of the M frequency points; wherein, the recovery condition is specifically the M frequency points The noise power of the R frequency points in is less than the threshold; the R is a natural number less than or equal to M and greater than M-N.
恢复该M个频点的信号发送后终端可以自行感知上行信道,达到恢复条件后,直接在该M个频点上发送上行信息;或者,基站在该M个频点的下行信道发送恢复信息通知终端,终端再在这M个频点上发送上行信息。After recovering the transmission of the signals of the M frequency points, the terminal can perceive the uplink channel by itself, and after meeting the recovery conditions, directly send the uplink information on the M frequency points; or, the base station sends the recovery information notification on the downlink channels of the M frequency points The terminal, and the terminal sends uplink information on the M frequency points.
更优地,考虑到充分利用频谱资源,同时又尽量避免频点之间的相互干扰,需要对频点的规划进行研究。事实上,当两个或多个与有用信号频率比较接近的干扰信号同时进入接收机前端电路时,在非线性电路(例如高频放大、混频等)作用下产生了新的频率成分可能会落入接收机的中频通带内,从而引起对接收机的干扰。接收机的非线性电路可以看作一个网络,这个网络的传递函数可以用如下幂级数来表示:More preferably, in consideration of making full use of spectrum resources while avoiding mutual interference between frequency points as much as possible, it is necessary to study the planning of frequency points. In fact, when two or more interference signals that are relatively close to the frequency of the useful signal enter the front-end circuit of the receiver at the same time, a new frequency component may be generated under the action of a nonlinear circuit (such as high-frequency amplification, mixing, etc.) Falling into the IF passband of the receiver, causing interference to the receiver. The nonlinear circuit of the receiver can be regarded as a network, and the transfer function of this network can be expressed by the following power series:
H(s)=A0+A1h(s)+A2h2(s)+A3h3(s)+…+Anhn(s)H(s)=A 0 +A 1 h(s)+A 2 h 2 (s)+A 3 h 3 (s)+…+A n h n (s)
传递函数中二、四、六等偶次方分量虽能产生新的频率成分,但其不会落入有用信号的通带,不会产生干扰;只有三、五、七等奇次方分量才能导致互调干扰,并分别称为三阶互调、五阶互调、七阶互调等等。阶数越高,生成的干扰信号的幅度越小,因此影响最大的是三阶互调干扰。而传递函数中三次方项的系数A3与基波分量的系数A1之比的对数被用来衡量网络抗三阶互调干扰的能力,称为“互调响应抗扰性”。不难看出,互调干扰的产生是由两个因素决定的:一个是存在与有用信号具有一定频率关系的两个输入干扰信号;另一个则是传递函数中非线性分量的存在。图3是一个4频点载波聚合功放发射前后的频谱对比图,可以看出不考虑三阶互调影响,功放输出后带来严重的带外杂散。Although the second, fourth, and sixth even power components in the transfer function can generate new frequency components, they will not fall into the passband of the useful signal and will not cause interference; only the third, fifth, and seventh odd power components can generate new frequency components. Lead to intermodulation interference, and are called third-order intermodulation, fifth-order intermodulation, seventh-order intermodulation, and so on. The higher the order, the smaller the amplitude of the interference signal generated, so the most influential is the third-order intermodulation interference. The logarithm of the ratio of the coefficient A3 of the cubic term in the transfer function to the coefficient A1 of the fundamental component is used to measure the ability of the network to resist third-order intermodulation interference, which is called "intermodulation response immunity". It is not difficult to see that the generation of intermodulation interference is determined by two factors: one is the existence of two input interference signals that have a certain frequency relationship with the useful signal; the other is the existence of nonlinear components in the transfer function. Figure 3 is a spectrum comparison diagram of a 4-frequency point carrier aggregation power amplifier before and after transmission. It can be seen that the output of the power amplifier brings serious out-of-band spurs without considering the influence of third-order intermodulation.
针对电力系统专用40个离散频点,考虑到由于存在三阶互调影响,因此规划部分频点不可用,本发明拟按照3簇频点上下行分类来分析杂散的影响,最后确定频点的参数如下:For the 40 discrete frequency points dedicated to the power system, considering that due to the influence of third-order intermodulation, some planned frequency points are not available, the present invention intends to analyze the impact of spurs according to the uplink and downlink classification of 3 clusters of frequency points, and finally determine the frequency points The parameters are as follows:
每个离散频点的带宽为25kHz,其中分配有10个子载波,每个子载波带宽为2kHz;The bandwidth of each discrete frequency point is 25kHz, which is allocated with 10 subcarriers, and the bandwidth of each subcarrier is 2kHz;
下行可用频点为如下三组:The downlink frequency points are available in the following three groups:
第一组:在223.025-225MHz频段内分布15个频点;The first group: distribute 15 frequency points in the 223.025-225MHz frequency band;
第二组:在228.025-230MHz频段内分布10个频点;The second group: distribute 10 frequency points in the 228.025-230MHz frequency band;
第三组:在230.025-232MHz频段内分布15个频点;The third group: distribute 15 frequency points in the 230.025-232MHz frequency band;
下行信道的子载波分配如图4所示:同一频点中每5个连续的子载波之间空出一个子载波的带宽;奇数频点与后续相邻的偶数频点之间空出两个子载波的带宽;偶数频点与后续相邻的奇数频点之间空出一个子载波的带宽。The sub-carrier allocation of the downlink channel is shown in Figure 4: one sub-carrier bandwidth is vacated between every 5 consecutive sub-carriers in the same frequency point; two sub-carrier bandwidths are vacated between an odd-numbered frequency point and subsequent adjacent even-numbered frequency points. The bandwidth of the carrier; the bandwidth of a subcarrier is vacated between the even frequency point and the subsequent adjacent odd frequency point.
确定上行可用频点为如下三组:Determine the available uplink frequency points into the following three groups:
第一组:在223.025-225MHz频段内分布15个频点;The first group: distribute 15 frequency points in the 223.025-225MHz frequency band;
第二组:在228.025-230MHz频段内分布10个频点;The second group: distribute 10 frequency points in the 228.025-230MHz frequency band;
第三组:在230.025-232MHz频段内分布15个频点;The third group: distribute 15 frequency points in the 230.025-232MHz frequency band;
上行信道的子载波分配如图5所示:一个频点中包括10个连续的子载波;偶数频点与后续相邻的奇数频点之间空出3个子载波的带宽;奇数频点与后续相邻的偶数频点之间空出两个子载波的带宽。The subcarrier allocation of the uplink channel is shown in Figure 5: a frequency point includes 10 consecutive subcarriers; there is a bandwidth of 3 subcarriers between an even frequency point and subsequent adjacent odd frequency points; The bandwidth of two sub-carriers is vacant between adjacent even-numbered frequency points.
本发明的方案中,基于上述提供的基于频谱感知技术的信号发送方法,本发明还提供了一种智能基站内部结构框图,如图6所示,包括:噪声监测模块601、阻塞判定模块602、无线资源调度模块603。In the solution of the present invention, based on the signal transmission method based on the spectrum sensing technology provided above, the present invention also provides a block diagram of the internal structure of a smart base station, as shown in FIG. 6 , including: a noise monitoring module 601, a blocking judgment module 602, A radio resource scheduling module 603 .
噪声监测模块601用于在每个检测周期到达时,应用频谱感知技术测量小区内所有授权频点的上行信号的噪声功率比;具体地,噪声监测模块601在每个检测周期到达时,应用频谱感知技术测量小区内所有授权频点的上行信号的带外干扰功率;对于小区内每个授权频点,将测量的该频点的带外干扰功率与该频点的带宽功率的比值作为该频点的上行信号的噪声功率比。The noise monitoring module 601 is used to apply spectrum sensing technology to measure the noise power ratio of uplink signals at all authorized frequency points in the cell when each detection period arrives; specifically, the noise monitoring module 601 applies the spectrum sensing technology when each detection period arrives. Sensing technology measures the out-of-band interference power of uplink signals of all authorized frequency points in the cell; for each authorized frequency point in the cell, the ratio of the measured out-of-band interference power of the frequency point to the bandwidth power of the frequency point is used as the frequency The noise power ratio of the uplink signal of the point.
阻塞判定模块602用于根据所述噪声监测模块的检测结果,若确定连续M个频点中的N个频点的噪声功率比大于阈值,则将该M个频点判定为阻塞频点;进一步,阻塞判定模块602还根据所述噪声监测模块的检测结果,若在后续确定该M个频点达到恢复条件,则将该M个频点判定为正常频点。Blocking judgment module 602 is used for according to the detection result of described noise monitoring module, if it is determined that the noise power ratio of N frequency points in consecutive M frequency points is greater than the threshold value, then determine the M frequency points as blocking frequency points; further The blocking determination module 602 further determines that the M frequency points are normal frequency points if it is subsequently determined that the M frequency points meet the recovery condition according to the detection result of the noise monitoring module.
无线资源调度模块603用于在所述阻塞频点的下行信道广播阻塞信息,用以指示终端所述阻塞信息的传送频点将暂停信号发送;之后,暂停该M个频点的信号发送;并且,无线资源调度模块603使用正常频点、没有判定为阻塞频点的频点进行信号发送。The wireless resource scheduling module 603 is configured to broadcast blocking information on the downlink channel of the blocking frequency point, to instruct the terminal that the transmission frequency point of the blocking information will suspend signal transmission; after that, suspend signal transmission of the M frequency points; and , the radio resource scheduling module 603 uses normal frequency points and frequency points that are not determined as blocked frequency points to perform signal transmission.
上述基站的各模块的具体功能实现可以参考上述提及的基于频谱感知技术的信号发送方法中各步骤的具体实现。For the specific function realization of each module of the above base station, reference may be made to the specific realization of each step in the signal transmission method based on the spectrum sensing technology mentioned above.
本发明技术方案中,应用频谱感知技术测量小区内所有授权频点的上行信号的噪声功率比,将测量的噪声功率比与设定的阈值进行比较,从而识别出可用频谱与受干扰频谱;进而,若判定出连续M个频点中的N个频点的噪声功率比大于阈值,则让出一组M个频点的空口资源,对该M个频点进行阻塞的下行信道广播阻塞信息;从而规避干扰,尽量减少对其它系统的干扰,同时保证本系统的信号传输质量,提升系统可靠性,提高行业无线通信系统的频谱资源的利用率。In the technical solution of the present invention, the spectrum sensing technology is used to measure the noise power ratio of the uplink signals of all authorized frequency points in the cell, and the measured noise power ratio is compared with the set threshold, thereby identifying the available spectrum and the interfered spectrum; and then , if it is determined that the noise power ratio of N frequency points among the consecutive M frequency points is greater than the threshold value, then give up a group of air interface resources of M frequency points, and broadcast blocking information on the downlink channel that blocks the M frequency points; In order to avoid interference, minimize interference to other systems, and at the same time ensure the signal transmission quality of the system, improve system reliability, and improve the utilization rate of spectrum resources in industrial wireless communication systems.
进一步,在测量噪声功率比时,主要是考虑带外干扰功率,以明确带外异系统对带内的干扰,从而可以针对性地对带外干扰较大的频点进行阻塞,从而既避免带内系统发送的信号受到干扰,也可避免对带外异系统的信号干扰,使不同行业的无线通信系统之间避免相互干扰、实现和谐共存。Furthermore, when measuring the noise power ratio, the out-of-band interference power is mainly considered to clarify the interference of the out-of-band heterogeneous system on the in-band, so that the frequency points with large out-of-band interference can be blocked in a targeted manner, so as to avoid out-of-band interference If the signal sent by the internal system is interfered, it can also avoid signal interference to the out-of-band different system, so that wireless communication systems in different industries can avoid mutual interference and achieve harmonious coexistence.
进一步,针对电力行业的无线通信系统的223MHz-235MHz频段范围进行频谱资源的规划,考虑避免频点之间的三阶互调影响,规划部分频点不可用,并分为3簇频点,从而充分利用频谱资源,同时又尽量避免频点之间的相互干扰。Further, plan spectrum resources for the 223MHz-235MHz frequency range of the wireless communication system in the power industry, consider avoiding the third-order intermodulation effect between frequency points, plan some frequency points to be unavailable, and divide them into 3 clusters of frequency points, so that Make full use of spectrum resources while avoiding mutual interference between frequency points as much as possible.
本技术领域技术人员可以理解,本发明包括涉及用于执行本申请中所述操作中的一项或多项的设备。这些设备可以为所需的目的而专门设计和制造,或者也可以包括通用计算机中的已知设备。这些设备具有存储在其内的计算机程序,这些计算机程序选择性地激活或重构。这样的计算机程序可以被存储在设备(例如,计算机)可读介质中或者存储在适于存储电子指令并分别耦联到总线的任何类型的介质中,所述计算机可读介质包括但不限于任何类型的盘(包括软盘、硬盘、光盘、CD-ROM、和磁光盘)、ROM(Read-Only Memory,只读存储器)、RAM(Random Access Memory,随即存储器)、EPROM(Erasable ProgrammableRead-Only Memory,可擦写可编程只读存储器)、EEPROM(Electrically ErasableProgrammable Read-Only Memory,电可擦可编程只读存储器)、闪存、磁性卡片或光线卡片。也就是,可读介质包括由设备(例如,计算机)以能够读的形式存储或传输信息的任何介质。Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention includes devices related to performing one or more of the operations described in this application. These devices may be specially designed and fabricated for the required purposes, or they may include known devices found in general purpose computers. These devices have computer programs stored therein that are selectively activated or reconfigured. Such a computer program can be stored in a device (e.g., computer) readable medium, including but not limited to any type of medium suitable for storing electronic instructions and respectively coupled to a bus. Types of disks (including floppy disks, hard disks, CDs, CD-ROMs, and magneto-optical disks), ROM (Read-Only Memory, read-only memory), RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), flash memory, magnetic card or optical card. That is, a readable medium includes any medium that stores or transmits information in a form readable by a device (eg, a computer).
本技术领域技术人员可以理解,可以用计算机程序指令来实现这些结构图和/或框图和/或流图中的每个框以及这些结构图和/或框图和/或流图中的框的组合。本技术领域技术人员可以理解,可以将这些计算机程序指令提供给通用计算机、专业计算机或其他可编程数据处理方法的处理器来实现,从而通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理方法的处理器来执行本发明公开的结构图和/或框图和/或流图的框或多个框中指定的方案。Those skilled in the art will understand that computer program instructions can be used to implement each block in these structural diagrams and/or block diagrams and/or flow diagrams and combinations of blocks in these structural diagrams and/or block diagrams and/or flow diagrams . Those skilled in the art can understand that these computer program instructions can be provided to general-purpose computers, professional computers, or processors of other programmable data processing methods for implementation, so that the computer or processors of other programmable data processing methods can execute the present invention. A scheme specified in a block or blocks of a structure diagram and/or a block diagram and/or a flow diagram of the invention disclosure.
本技术领域技术人员可以理解,本发明中已经讨论过的各种操作、方法、流程中的步骤、措施、方案可以被交替、更改、组合或删除。进一步地,具有本发明中已经讨论过的各种操作、方法、流程中的其他步骤、措施、方案也可以被交替、更改、重排、分解、组合或删除。进一步地,现有技术中的具有与本发明中公开的各种操作、方法、流程中的步骤、措施、方案也可以被交替、更改、重排、分解、组合或删除。Those skilled in the art can understand that the various operations, methods, and steps, measures, and solutions in the processes discussed in the present invention can be replaced, changed, combined, or deleted. Furthermore, other steps, measures, and schemes in the various operations, methods, and processes that have been discussed in the present invention may also be replaced, changed, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted. Further, steps, measures, and schemes in the prior art that have operations, methods, and processes disclosed in the present invention can also be alternated, changed, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.
以上所述仅是本发明的部分实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above descriptions are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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