CN103779868A - Method for determining reactive compensation capacity of wind field - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining wind field reactive compensation capacity, which provides a method for establishing a three-dimensional space by taking wind field output, wind field grid-connected point voltage and wind field wind power factor as coordinate axes, and determining the change range of wind field output reactive power in the three-dimensional space according to the relationship between the wind field output, the wind field grid-connected point voltage, the wind field wind power factor and the wind field output reactive power; and then obtaining the extreme value of the reactive power output of the wind farm from the reactive compensation space according to analysis of different types of wind farms and wind generating sets so as to determine the capacity of the reactive compensation of the wind farm, and if necessary, additionally arranging a reactive compensation device with the corresponding capacity on the wind farm so as to ensure that the reactive power of the wind farm is exchanged with the power grid to be 0. According to the method, the change range of the reactive power of the wind farm can be accurately obtained according to the analysis method of the reactive compensation space, the reactive compensation capacity of the wind farm can be rapidly determined, all types of wind farms are suitable, the reactive compensation performance of the wind farm can be fully utilized, and the voltage stability of the wind farm and the power grid is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network optimization analysis field, more particularly, a kind of particularly method of wind field reactive compensation capacity of definite access area power grid.
Background technology
Wind power generation is that current technology is the most ripe, one of renewable energy power generation mode of exploitation on the largest scale and commercialized development prospect, and two ten years have in the past obtained utilizing widely and developing.But wind energy, as a kind of intermittent energy source, is subject to the such environmental effects such as wind speed larger, and the active power of wind energy turbine set and reactive power all can change along with the variation of wind speed.Wind energy turbine set internal wiring simultaneously, transformer is all power supply or the load of reactive power, the output of wind field reactive power can cause voltage ripple of power network, all can affect Network Voltage Stability, increases regional power grid loss simultaneously, need to carry out reactive power compensation at wind field end.
Along with wind field starts to install additional AVC system, the reactive power compensation strategy of wind field changes, wind field installs additional after AVC system, wind turbine can carry out according to the voltage levvl of grid-connected point voltage the power factor in automatic regulating wind power machine exit, to keep grid-connected point voltage constant, different from the wind turbine of non-adjustable power factor in the past, change the type of wind turbine, therefore need to rethink the capacity configuration of reactive power compensation.
Along with marine wind electric field rise at home, starting to have large quantities of marine wind fields to start to drop into builds, because marine wind field current collection circuit and transmission line are to be all made up of submarine cable, on wind field circuit, charge power is very large, there is the reactive power excursion different with land wind field, therefore need to rethink the capacity configuration of reactive power compensation.
The method of existing definite wind field reactive compensation capacity is not all considered above problem, and method is more numerous and diverse, not easy to operate, be difficult to meet the nowadays requirement of the reactive compensation capacity configuration of dissimilar wind field and wind turbine.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention aims to provide a kind of method of definite wind field reactive compensation capacity that can meet dissimilar wind field and wind turbine.
For realizing above-mentioned target, the method for a kind of definite wind field reactive compensation capacity of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
First with wind field exert oneself, the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, wind turbine power factor set up reactive power compensation space as reference axis respectively, according to wind field output reactive power and wind field exert oneself, the relation of the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, wind turbine power factor, on this space, determine the excursion of wind field output reactive power;
Then according to dissimilar wind field and wind turbine, from reactive power compensation space, obtain the extreme value of wind field reactive power output, to determine the capacity of wind field reactive power compensation.Extreme value is the perception of wind field or the maximum of capacitive reactive power.
The method of above-mentioned definite wind field reactive compensation capacity, described reactive power compensation space be take wind field exert oneself P as X-axis, the grid-connected point voltage U of wind field as Y-axis, the three dimensions set up as Z axis of wind turbine power factor PF, the corresponding wind field output reactive power of any point on this space, on space, all-pair is answered the excursion of wind field output reactive power.
Described in the method for above-mentioned definite wind field reactive compensation capacity, wind field is land wind field or marine wind field.
Land wind field, current collection circuit and wind field conveying circuit are take overhead wire as main, and charge power is less, the increase that the lagging reactive power that wind field sends and circuit perception reactive loss can be exerted oneself along with wind field and increasing.Therefore whole wind field time is inductive load in operation, and when the wind field lagging reactive power maximum of sending while being 100% of exerting oneself.
Marine wind field, current collection circuit and wind field conveying circuit are take submarine cable as main, and when wind field operation, on circuit, charge power is very large, and the capacitive reactive power that wind field sends will be greater than lagging reactive power.Therefore whole wind field in when operation for being capacitive load, and when the wind field capacitive reactive power maximum of sending while being 0% of exerting oneself.
The method of above-mentioned definite wind field reactive compensation capacity, described wind turbine is non-adjustable power wind turbine or power-adjustable wind turbine.
When wind field is not installed AVC system, wind turbine is that power factor is non-adjustable, and the power factor of wind turbine in the time of operation is 1, and reactive power compensation space is now a two-dimentional plane, only needs to consider that wind field is exerted oneself and the impact of grid-connected point voltage on output reactive power.Now, when grid-connected voltage U minimum, wind field are exerted oneself maximum time, lagging reactive power maximum; When grid-connected voltage U maximum, wind field are exerted oneself minimum time, capacitive reactive power maximum.
In the time that wind field is installed AVC system, wind turbine is that power factor is adjustable, and wind turbine can carry out according to the voltage levvl of grid-connected point voltage the power factor in automatic regulating wind power machine exit, to keep grid-connected point voltage constant.The power factor of wind turbine is adjustable in-1.95 to+1.95 scope, and " reactive power compensation space " is now three dimensions.Need to consider that net wind field is exerted oneself, grid-connected point voltage and the impact of wind turbine power factor on output reactive power.
When wind turbine power factor is from 1 during to 1.95 variation, the capacitive reactive power of wind field output reducing of motor power factor and increasing with the wind; Under equal-wattage factor, reactive power increases along with the rising of grid-connected point voltage; In the time that wind turbine power factor from 1 to-1.95 changes, the lagging reactive power of wind field output reducing of motor power factor and increasing with the wind; Under equal-wattage factor, reactive power reduces along with the rising of grid-connected point voltage
The method of above-mentioned definite wind field reactive compensation capacity, wind field output reactive power and wind field are exerted oneself, the pass of the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, wind turbine power factor is: 1. the increase that the lagging reactive power of wind field output is exerted oneself along with wind field and increasing; 2. the capacitive reactive power of wind field output is along with the grid-connected point voltage of wind field raises and increases; 3. when wind turbine power factor is from 1 during to 1.95 variation, the capacitive reactive power of wind field output reducing of motor power factor and increasing with the wind; Under equal-wattage factor, reactive power increases along with the rising of grid-connected point voltage; In the time that wind turbine power factor from 1 to-1.95 changes, the lagging reactive power of wind field output reducing of motor power factor and increasing with the wind; Under equal-wattage factor, reactive power reduces along with the rising of grid-connected point voltage.
Corresponding concrete wind field situation, only need to obtain the extreme value that wind field reactive power is exported, and just can determine that wind field need to install the capacity of reactive power compensator additional, can be subdivided into following several situation:
1), for AVC system wind field is not installed, investigate the reactive power that in following two kinds of situations, wind field sends:
Situation a: when the grid-connected point voltage of wind field is minimum, wind field exerts oneself 100%, and power factor is 1 o'clock, the lagging reactive power maximum that now wind field sends.
Situation b: when the grid-connected point voltage of wind field is the highest, wind field exerts oneself 0%, and power factor is 1 o'clock, the capacitive reactive power maximum that now wind field sends.
According to GB/T 19963-2011 " wind field access power system technology regulation ", investigate the situation of wind field output reactive power under both of these case, install corresponding reactive power compensator additional at wind field, make wind field can make in both cases wind field and electric network reactive-load be exchanged for 0.
2) for AVC system wind field is installed, the following two kinds of situation leeward field energys of investigation are no sends reactive power by Fan Regulation power factor compensation wind field:
Situation a: when the grid-connected point voltage of wind field is minimum, wind field exerts oneself 100%, the lagging reactive power maximum that wind field sends.
Situation b: when the grid-connected point voltage of wind field is the highest, wind field exerts oneself 0%, the capacitive reactive power maximum that wind field sends.
If can compensate the reactive power that wind field sends in two kinds of situations, wind field does not need to install additional reactive power device, if there is unappeasable situation, wind field need to install corresponding reactive power compensator additional, makes wind field can make in both cases wind field and electric network reactive-load be exchanged for 0.
3) land wind field, is generally into inductive load, if wind field is still exported lagging reactive power under above-mentioned situation a, just the reactive power compensator capacity of installing at wind field is wind field maximum inductive reactive power numerical value.If wind field is exported capacitive reactive power under above-mentioned situation a, the reactive power compensator capacity that wind field is installed will be taken into account maximum capacitive and the perceptual output reactive power that under above-mentioned situation a and situation b, wind field sends.
4) marine wind field, is generally into capacitive load, if wind field is still exported capacitive reactive power under above-mentioned situation a, just the reactive power compensator capacity of installing at wind field is wind field maximum capacitive reactive power numerical value.If wind field is exported lagging reactive power under above-mentioned situation a, the reactive power compensator capacity that wind field is installed will be taken into account wind field under above-mentioned situation a and situation b and send maximum capacitive and perceptual output reactive power.
The present invention can be for different wind field types, and whether wind field installs the actual conditions such as AVC additional, use the analytical method in " reactive power compensation space ", accurately obtain the idle characteristic of wind field, thereby determine fast the reactive compensation capacity size of wind field, meet the technical need of wind field reactive power compensation, improve the voltage stability of wind field and electrical network, realize the win-win of wind energy turbine set and electrical network.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is typical marine wind field electric hookup;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation in reactive power compensation of the present invention space.
Embodiment
Describe as an example of the typical wind field shown in Fig. 1 example, this typical case's wind field is marine wind field, is made up of 66 1.5MW wind-driven generators, wind field slip ring system is tree structure, and electric pressure is 35kV, current collection circuit totally 8 times, on every time current collection circuit, there is 8-9 typhoon motor, connected with submarine cable.Be provided with one of offshore boosting station, in booster stations, main electrical scheme is single mother partition wiring, inside has the transformer that 2 capacity are 120MVA, and 35kV is boosted to 110kV.Electric energy to land centralized control center, is realized grid-connected through 110kV submarine cable power transmission.
Based on above-mentioned wind field structure, a kind of method of large capacity wind field reactive compensation capacity of definite access area power grid comprises the following steps:
1, as shown in Figure 2, exerting oneself take wind field, the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, wind field wind turbine power factor be in the three dimensions of coordinate, build in " reactive power compensation space ", prove that wind field is exerted oneself, the relation of the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, wind field wind turbine power factor and wind field output reactive power.
In this step, wind field output reactive power and wind field are exerted oneself, the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, wind field wind turbine power factor have relation, describe respectively below:
1) relation that wind field output reactive power and wind field are exerted oneself
What typical case's wind field was used is permanent magnet direct-drive unit, and due to the electrical characteristic of such wind turbine, its lagging reactive power sending can increase along with the increase of active power.Simultaneously wind field is exerted oneself greatlyr, flows through electric current on circuit larger, and on circuit, the caused perceptual reactive loss of reactance and transformer is just also larger.Consider wind turbine electrical characteristic and circuit and transformer loss, along with the increase that wind field is exerted oneself, the lagging reactive power that wind field sends also can be along with increase.
Controlling wind field grid-connected point voltage is 0.97pu and 1.07pu, regulates the meritorious of wind field to exert oneself, and records wind field reactive power with the wind field situation of change of exerting oneself, as shown in table 1.Can see because submarine cable charge power in marine wind field is very large, whole wind field is capacitive, outwards send capacitive reactive power, but also see simultaneously, the capacitive reactive power that the increase wind field of exerting oneself along with wind field in form externally sends is reducing, and shows that the lagging reactive power of wind field output increases and raises along with wind field sends active power.
Table 1 wind field is idle situation under difference is exerted oneself situation
2) relation of wind field output reactive power and grid-connected point voltage
The voltage of wind field site is influential to wind field reactive power output, exerts oneself constant at wind field, and in the constant situation of wind turbine power factor, the grid-connected point voltage of wind field is higher, means that the capacitive reactive power producing because of electric capacity on circuit is larger.
According to the regulation of " wind field access power system technology regulation ", the positive and negative absolute value of the bias sum of the grid-connected point voltage of wind field is no more than 10% of nominal voltage, and under normal operating mode, its voltage deviation should be in-3%～+ 7% scope of nominal voltage.Consider wind field in zero load and completely send out in two kinds of situations, when the grid-connected point voltage of wind field changes in the scope of the 110kV of national regulation voltage deviation-3%-+7%, the situation that the reactive power of wind field output changes along with grid-connected point voltage, as shown in table 2.
Table 2 wind field and the different voltage levvls in site under reactive power
In table, can see the rising along with the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, the capacitive reactive power that wind field sends is along with increase, in the time that the grid-connected point voltage of wind field reaches 1.07pu, capacitive reactive power output variable reaches maximum, according to analysis above, can know that when wind field is unloaded, exporting capacitive reactive power compares while completely sending out large.
3) relation of wind field output reactive power and wind turbine power factor
Wind field apoplexy motor power factor is influential to wind field output reactive power.When wind field is installed AVC system, wind turbine is by regulating self power factor to stablize grid-connected point voltage, and the reactive power that wind turbine sends is carried out loss or the line charging power of compensated line and transformer, and wind field output reactive power is diminished.
It is dynamically adjustable in the scope of leading 0.95～hysteresis 0.95 that the wind-powered electricity generation unit of installing according to " wind field access power system technology regulation " regulation wind field should meet power factor.Consider that wind field is while completely sending out state, when the power factor of wind-powered electricity generation unit changes from-0.95+0.95, and grid-connected point voltage is while changing in the scope of-3%-+7%, and the numerical value of the reactive power of wind field output is as shown in table 3.Can see, when wind turbine power factor is from 1 during to 0.95 variation, the capacitive reactive power of wind field output reducing of motor power factor and increasing with the wind; Under equal-wattage factor, reactive power increases along with the rising of grid-connected point voltage.In the time that wind turbine power factor from 1 to-0.95 changes, the lagging reactive power of wind field output reducing of motor power factor and increasing with the wind; Under equal-wattage factor, reactive power reduces along with the rising of grid-connected point voltage.
The reactive power output (MVar) of table 3 wind field under wind turbine different capacity factor
Note: negative sign represents that wind field is from electrical network (and site) absorbing reactive power.
If wind field is not installed AVC system, wind turbine does not regulate power factor so, is always 1, in the time of idle specificity analysis, need to determine for wind field concrete condition.
In sum, exerting oneself take wind field, the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, wind field wind turbine power factor be in the three-dimensional " reactive power compensation space " of coordinate, prove that wind field output reactive power and wind field are exerted oneself, the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, the relation of wind field wind turbine power factor, concrete pass is: the increase that the lagging reactive power of wind field output is exerted oneself along with wind field and increasing; The capacitive reactive power of wind field output is along with the grid-connected point voltage of wind field raises and increases, when wind turbine power factor is from 1 during to 0.95 variation, and the capacitive reactive power of the output of wind field reducing of motor power factor and increasing with the wind.In the time that wind turbine power factor from 1 to-0.95 changes, the lagging reactive power of the output of wind field reducing of motor power factor and increasing with the wind.
According to the analysis in above " reactive power compensation space ", in conjunction with wind field situation, obtain the scope of wind field output reactive power, obtain the idle characteristic of wind field, thereby determine the capacity of wind field reactive power compensation.
Take wind field exert oneself, the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, wind field wind turbine power factor form " reactive power compensation space " as the three dimensions of coordinate, what on space, any point was corresponding is wind field output reactive power value, on traversal space, institute a little, just can obtain the excursion of wind field output reactive power, obtain the idle characteristic of wind field.
The analysis in " reactive power compensation space " according to above, the conclusion of wind field being carried out to idle specificity analysis has:
(1) consider in the fully loaded and unloaded situation of wind field wind field output reactive power in the possible voltage range of 110kV bus.When wind field overfills power operation, wind field sends capacitive reactive power between 14～18MVar; When wind field no-load running, wind field sends the reactive power of capacitive between 38～46Mvar.
(2) consider that grid-connected point voltage is in the situation of low pressure and high pressure, the wind field difference wind field output reactive power under state of exerting oneself.And site is while being 0.97pu, send reactive power value on circuit between 14～38MVar; And site is while being 1.07pu, send reactive power value on circuit between 25～46MVar.
(3) consider under wind field full load conditions, when wind field wind turbine different capacity factor changes, the capacitive reactive power that wind field sends between 14～92 MVar scopes, the lagging reactive power that wind field sends between 28～59 MVar scopes.
For the situation of the marine wind field of this typical case, wind field is not installed AVC system, and wind turbine is that power factor is non-adjustable, and power factor is 1.Reactive power compensation space is now a two-dimentional plane, only needs to consider that wind field is exerted oneself and the impact of grid-connected point voltage on output reactive power.
For the situation of the marine wind field of this typical case, the current collection circuit of wind field and wind field conveying circuit are take submarine cable as main, when wind field operation, on circuit, charge power is very large, the capacitive reactive power that whole wind field sends will be greater than lagging reactive power, wind field is capacitive load, and when the wind field capacitive reactive power maximum of sending while being 0% of exerting oneself.
In conjunction with concrete wind field situation, in simulation software, build the model of wind field and access electrical network, obtain the excursion of wind field output reactive power by " reactive power compensation space " analytical method, obtain the idle characteristic of wind field, wind field need to be installed the perception that should be able to compensate wind field maximum (capacitive) reactive power of reactive compensation capacity.The situation of corresponding typical wind field, only need to obtain the extreme value that wind field reactive power is exported, and just can know that wind field need to install the capacity of reactive power compensator additional.For this, marine wind field of typical case of AVC system is not installed, wind field is to be all capacitive load at any time, when the grid-connected point voltage of wind field minimum, it is 100% that wind field is exerted oneself, wind turbine power factor is 1 o'clock, the lagging reactive power maximum that wind field sends, now to send capacitive reactive power be 16MVar to wind field, when the grid-connected point voltage of wind field the highest, it is 0% that wind field is exerted oneself, and wind turbine power factor is 1 o'clock, the capacitive reactive power maximum that wind field sends, the capacitive reactive power that wind field sends is 46MVar, and this is the extreme value of this typical case's wind field reactive power output for 46MVar.
Regulation according to " wind field access power system technology regulation " about wind field reactive power compensation configuration: for the wind field of direct access public electric wire net, the perception of internal exchange line concentration road, field, main transformer that the capacitive reactive power capacity of its configuration can compensate wind field while completely sending out is idle and wind field is sent the idle sum of half perception of circuit, and the perceptual reactive capability of its configuration can compensate the capacitive charging reactive power of wind field self and wind field sends the half charging reactive power of circuit.Through above-mentioned analysis, this sea wind field should and site place install the dynamic reactive compensation device SVG of 50 MVar additional, can meet the grid-connected technical requirement of wind field.
The present patent application people has done detailed explanation and description in conjunction with Figure of description to embodiments of the invention; but those skilled in the art should understand that; above embodiment is only the preferred embodiments of the invention; detailed explanation is just in order to help reader to understand better spirit of the present invention; and be not limiting the scope of the invention; on the contrary, any any improvement or modification of doing based on invention spirit of the present invention all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a method for definite wind field reactive compensation capacity, its feature comprises the following steps:
(1) with wind field exert oneself, the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, wind turbine power factor set up reactive power compensation space as reference axis respectively, according to wind field output reactive power and wind field exert oneself, the relation of the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, wind turbine power factor, on this space, determine the excursion of wind field output reactive power;
(2), according to dissimilar wind field and wind turbine, from reactive power compensation space, obtain the extreme value of wind field reactive power output, to determine the capacity of wind field reactive power compensation.
2. the method for definite wind field reactive compensation capacity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reactive power compensation space be take wind field exert oneself P as X-axis, the grid-connected point voltage U of wind field as Y-axis, the three dimensions set up as Z axis of wind turbine power factor PF, the corresponding wind field output reactive power of any point on this space.
3. the method for definite wind field reactive compensation capacity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described wind field is land wind field or marine wind field.
4. the method for definite wind field reactive compensation capacity according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described land wind field time is inductive load in operation, the wind field lagging reactive power maximum that while being 100%, wind field sends of exerting oneself.
5. the method for definite wind field reactive compensation capacity according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described marine wind field time is capacitive load in operation, the wind field capacitive reactive power maximum that while being 0%, wind field sends of exerting oneself.
6. the method for definite wind field reactive compensation capacity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described wind turbine is non-adjustable power wind turbine or power-adjustable wind turbine.
7. the method for definite wind field reactive compensation capacity according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the power factor of described non-adjustable power wind turbine in the time of operation is 1.
8. the method for definite wind field reactive compensation capacity according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the power factor of described power-adjustable wind turbine in the time of operation changes between-0.95 to 0.95.
9. according to the method for the arbitrary described definite wind field reactive compensation capacity of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: wind field output reactive power and wind field are exerted oneself, the pass of the grid-connected point voltage of wind field, wind turbine power factor is:
The increase that the lagging reactive power of wind field output is exerted oneself along with wind field and increasing;
The capacitive reactive power of wind field output is along with the grid-connected point voltage of wind field raises and increases;
When wind turbine power factor is from 1 during to 1.95 variation, the capacitive reactive power of wind field output reducing of motor power factor and increasing with the wind; Under equal-wattage factor, reactive power increases along with the rising of grid-connected point voltage; In the time that wind turbine power factor from 1 to-1.95 changes, the lagging reactive power of wind field output reducing of motor power factor and increasing with the wind; Under equal-wattage factor, reactive power reduces along with the rising of grid-connected point voltage.
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| CN104915788A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-09-16 | 华南理工大学 | Method for electric power system dynamic economic dispatching with correlation of multiple wind power plants being considered |
| CN104915788B (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2019-03-01 | 华南理工大学 | A method of considering the Electrical Power System Dynamic economic load dispatching of windy field correlation |
| CN105790281A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-07-20 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | Reactive compensation capacity configuration method for wind power plant of wind power base |
| CN108828360A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-16 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | A kind of factory full load test method of large capacity SVG |
| CN110138002A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-08-16 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | Offshore wind farm reactive configuration method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN110138002B (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2020-12-15 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | Offshore wind power reactive power configuration method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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