CN103776027A - Circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN103776027A CN103776027A CN201410014918.1A CN201410014918A CN103776027A CN 103776027 A CN103776027 A CN 103776027A CN 201410014918 A CN201410014918 A CN 201410014918A CN 103776027 A CN103776027 A CN 103776027A
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- alkali metal
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Abstract
The invention discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler. According to the circulating fluidized bed boiler, a smoke high-temperature control zone and an alkali metal low-temperature condensing zone are arranged in a hearth in sequence in a smoke flowing direction; a smoke channel of the hearth is connected with a smoke side of the smoke high-temperature control zone and a smoke side of the alkali metal low-temperature condensing zone; the smoke side of the alkali metal low-temperature condensing zone, an outlet of the hearth and an inlet of a working medium side of the smoke high-temperature control zone are connected in sequence; an outlet of the working medium side of the smoke high-temperature control zone is connected with a gas-solid separation device; a solid particle outlet of the gas-solid separation device is connected with a material returning mechanism; an outlet of the material returning mechanism is connected with the bottom of the hearth; an alkali metal slag congealing device is arranged in the alkali metal low-temperature condensing zone; a working medium at a working medium side of the alkali metal slag congealing device is a low-temperature cooling medium; a smoke heater is arranged in the smoke high-temperature control zone; a working medium at a working medium side of the smoke heater is low-alkali-metal or alkali-metal-free low-temperature smoke coming from the hearth outlet; the alkali metal slag congealing device is a replaceable structure, so that the alkali metal slag congealing device can be detached to be washed or replaced after the alkali metal in the smoke is congealed in the alkali metal slag congealing device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal-fired fluidized bed boiler technical field, particularly a kind of CFBB based on flue-gas temperature gradient heat exchange burning high basic metal content coal.
Background technology
China is a colliery resource-rich country, and accurate east, Xinjiang is the region of coal resources reserves enrichment.The accurate eastern coal reserves in Xinjiang is huge, and cost of winning is low, and coal reactivity is good, easily after-flame.But because coal-forming is historical and local special physical geographic environment, in accurate eastern coal, alkali metal is as totally higher in the content of sodium.In coal, alkali metal is the key factor that coal causes heat-transfer surface to stain in boiler combustion process, and therefore, high basic metal burning of coal utilization is greatly limited.At present the utilization of high basic metal coal is mainly adopted and mixes the method for burning the coal a little less than contamination, but this control method can only slow down contamination, cannot tackle the problem at its root.Therefore, in high basic metal coal combustion process, eliminating the boiler heating surface pickup problem causing due to high basic metal has important practical significance and economic worth for improving its burning utilization.
A kind of CFBB (patent publication No. 202938288U) that is applied to high sodium coal and bio-fuel, within the scope of flue gas alkali metal adiabatic condensation temperature, with the cold bag wall of vapour heat-transfer surface replacement convection type heat-transfer surface, alleviate the condense degree of alkali metal on convection heating surface in this temperature range.A kind of flue gas recirculation steam generator system (patent publication No. 203162930U) that uses high sodium potassium content fuel, by flue gas recirculation device, reduce and mix smoke-box entrance flue gas temperature, alkali metal in flue gas is solidified at mixing smoke-box, reduce distillation ash at convection heating surface fouling and slagging.A kind of boiler heating power system (patent publication No. 202581381U) that uses the high sodium potassium content of low ash smelting point fuel, by Enhanced Radiation Reduced Blast heat exchange area, reduce furnace exit temperature, make alkali metal in flue gas condense in furnace outlet, reduce alkali metal and condense at convection heating surface.There is certain defect in above-mentioned patent: due to by reducing flue-gas temperature, has reduced the exchange heat of follow-up heat convection face and flue gas.
The present invention is based on for alkali metal in the coal containing the burning of high basic metal coal and experimental study on heat transfer discovery the rule of condensing of separating out under condition of different temperatures, high and low warm area is set, at the low-temperature space alkali metal that condenses, obtain low/alkali metal-free content flue gas, utilize high-temperature region that low/alkali metal-free content low-temperature flue gas is heated up, reclaim heat, overcome above-mentioned patent shortcoming.Not only can solve boiler heat exchange face crust block problem, and can greatly utilize fuel combustion heat, flexible arrangement heat-transfer surface, is conducive to the maximization of boiler.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art, provide a kind of based on thermograde the burn CFBB of high-alkali coal of heat exchange.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
CFBB, is characterized in that: burner hearth 1 is interior is provided with fume high-temperature control zone 2, alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district 3 successively along flow of flue gas direction,
The flue of described burner hearth 1 is connected with fume high-temperature control zone 2 fume side, alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district 3 fume side,
The import of alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district 3 fume side, fume high-temperature control zone 2 working medium side is connected,
The 2 working medium side outlets of fume high-temperature control zone are connected with gas-solid separating device 4, and gas-solid separating device 4 solid particle outlets are connected with returning charge mechanism 5, and returning charge mechanism 5 exports with burner hearth 1 bottom and is connected.
Described alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district 3 interior layout alkali metal crust block device 8, alkali metal crust block device 8 working medium side working medium are low-temperature cooling media 6,
Described fume high-temperature control zone 2 interior layout flue gas heating device 7, flue gas heating device 7 working medium side working medium be from furnace outlet come low/alkali metal-free content low-temperature flue gas,
Described alkali metal crust block device 8 is changeable type structure, when disassembling cleaning or the replacing after alkali metal crust block device 8 condenses of the alkali metal in flue gas.
Described fume high-temperature control zone 2 temperature are at 550～950 ℃, and described alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district 3 temperature are at 250～650 ℃.
The flue gas that coal combustion produces by being arranged in flue gas heating device fume side in fume high-temperature control zone, being arranged in alkali metal crust block device fume side, furnace outlet, flue gas heating device working medium side, gas-solid separating device in alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district, finally arrives heated surface at the end of boiler successively.
The present invention proposes a kind of CFBB that contains high basic metal composition coal based on thermograde heat exchange burning, by temperature subregion, the alkali metal in flue gas is condensed on the alkali metal crust block device in cryogenic temperature condensation district.Alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district low/without containing alkali low-temperature flue gas, heat up by fume high-temperature control zone, obtain low/alkali metal-free high-temperature flue gas, the clean high-temperature flue gas of these low/alkali metal-free content leads to other convection heating surface of boiler.
Advantage of the present invention is: the contamination problem of heating surface while solving burning containing high basic metal composition coal makes coal combustion heat greatly be utilized simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is fundamental diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a is that fume high-temperature of the present invention control zone, alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district are arranged in stove
Version in thorax
Fig. 2 b is that fume high-temperature of the present invention control zone is arranged in burner hearth, alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation
District is arranged in the version outside furnace outlet
The flue gas alkali metal crust block device that Fig. 3 a working medium side flow process is arranged in the same way and flue gas heating device arrangement form
Flue gas alkali metal crust block device and the flue gas heating device arrangement form of Fig. 3 b working medium side flow process arranged crosswise
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, overall structure of the present invention is described in further detail.
In figure: 1-burner hearth, 2-fume high-temperature control zone, 3-alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district, 4-gas-solid separating device, 5-returning charge mechanism, 6-low-temperature cooling media, 7-flue gas heating device, 8-alkali metal crust block device.
As Fig. 1, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
CFBB, is characterized in that: burner hearth 1 is interior is provided with fume high-temperature control zone 2, alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district 3 successively along flow of flue gas direction,
The flue of described burner hearth 1 is connected with fume high-temperature control zone 2 fume side, alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district 3 fume side,
The outlet of alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district 3 fume side, burner hearth, the import of fume high-temperature control zone 2 working medium side are connected successively,
The 2 working medium side outlets of fume high-temperature control zone are connected with gas-solid separating device 4, and gas-solid separating device 4 solid particle outlets are connected with returning charge mechanism 5, and returning charge mechanism 5 exports with burner hearth 1 bottom and is connected.
Described alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district 3 interior layout alkali metal crust block device 8, alkali metal crust block device 8 working medium side working medium are low-temperature cooling media 6,
Described fume high-temperature control zone 2 interior layout flue gas heating device 7, flue gas heating device 7 working medium side working medium be from furnace outlet come low/alkali metal-free content low-temperature flue gas,
Described alkali metal crust block device 8 is changeable type structure, when disassembling cleaning or the replacing after alkali metal crust block device 8 condenses of the alkali metal in flue gas.
Described fume high-temperature control zone 2 temperature are at 550～950 ℃, and described alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district 3 temperature are at 250～650 ℃.
As shown in Figure 2, fume high-temperature control zone, alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district can, by a mode, be arranged in fume high-temperature control zone, alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district in burner hearth; Press b mode, by fume high-temperature control zone be arranged in burner hearth, alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district is arranged in outside burner hearth.
As shown in Figure 3, flue gas alkali metal crust block device and flue gas heating device are arranged can be by a mode, and working medium side flow process is arranged in the same way; Press b mode, working medium side flow process arranged crosswise.
Specific works principle of the present invention is:
Fuel enters behind primary zone, and the alkali metal compound in coal evaporates, and generates high basic metal content flue gas.The flue gas that coal combustion produces by being arranged in flue gas heating device fume side in fume high-temperature control zone, being arranged in alkali metal crust block device fume side, furnace outlet, flue gas heating device working medium side, gas-solid separating device in alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district, finally arrives heated surface at the end of boiler successively.
In the time that flue gas enters alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district, alkali metal crust block device working medium side passes into sub-cooled working medium, and cooling working medium can be air or water.By adjusting the flow of 1 cooling working medium and temperature, 2 positions of alkali metal crust block device in burner hearth, the flue gas flow rate of 3 fume side, and 4 boiler operating parameters are as conditions such as a Secondary Air ratio, bed temperatures, realize the temperature control of alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district.Be down to 650 ℃～250 ℃ when flue-gas temperature, the alkali metal in flue gas all condenses in crust block device surface, and now flue gas is the low-temperature flue gas of low/alkali metal-free content.
The low-temperature flue gas of low/alkali metal-free content, through furnace outlet, enters fume high-temperature control zone flue gas heating device working medium side, carries out heat exchange with high-temperature flue gas side working medium.The flue gas flow rate of the temperature of fume high-temperature the control zone position in burner hearth, 3 fume side by adjustment 1 working medium side flue gas flow rate, 2 flue gas heating devices and 4 boiler operating parameters are as condition realizations such as a Secondary Air ratio, bed temperatures.
The flue gas heating device of the low-temperature flue gas of low/alkali metal-free content in high-temperature control district heats up, temperature rises to more than 550 ℃, obtain the high-temperature flue gas of low/alkali metal-free content, when the clean high-temperature flue gas of these low/alkali metal-free content leads to other convection heating surface of boiler, the contamination problem of heating surface can solve burning containing high basic metal composition coal time.In the time that in alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district, alkali metal slagging scorification device surface slagging scorification degree is serious, alkali metal slagging scorification device can be carried out to disassembly, cleaning or replacing, avoid affecting flow of flue gas state in convection pass, and avoid affecting boiler and normally move.
Claims (2)
1. CFBB, is characterized in that: in burner hearth (1), be provided with successively fume high-temperature control zone (2), alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district (3) along flow of flue gas direction,
The flue of described burner hearth (1) is connected with fume high-temperature control zone (2) fume side, alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district (3) fume side,
The import of alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district (3) fume side, fume high-temperature control zone (2) working medium side is connected,
Fume high-temperature control zone (2) working medium side outlet is connected with gas-solid separating device (4), and the outlet of gas-solid separating device (4) solid particle is connected with returning charge mechanism (5), and returning charge mechanism (5) outlet is connected with burner hearth (1) bottom;
In described alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district (3), arrange alkali metal crust block device (8), alkali metal crust block device (8) working medium side working medium is low-temperature cooling media (6),
In described fume high-temperature control zone (2), arrange flue gas heating device (7), flue gas heating device (7) working medium side working medium is come from furnace outlet low/alkali metal-free content low-temperature flue gas,
Described alkali metal crust block device (8) is changeable type structure, when disassembling cleaning or the replacing after alkali metal crust block device (8) condenses of the alkali metal in flue gas.
2. CFBB as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described fume high-temperature control zone (2) temperature is at 550～950 ℃, and described alkali metal cryogenic temperature condensation district (3) temperature is at 250～650 ℃.
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| CN201410014918.1A CN103776027B (en) | 2014-01-13 | 2014-01-13 | Cfbb |
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| CN201410014918.1A CN103776027B (en) | 2014-01-13 | 2014-01-13 | Cfbb |
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| CN103776027A true CN103776027A (en) | 2014-05-07 |
| CN103776027B CN103776027B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4856460A (en) * | 1987-05-09 | 1989-08-15 | Inter Power Technologie | Fluidized bed combustion |
| US4915061A (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1990-04-10 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Fluidized bed reactor utilizing channel separators |
| CN1140482A (en) * | 1994-02-10 | 1997-01-15 | 朗马克国际动力公司 | Dual Brayton-cycle gas turbine power plant utilizing circulating pressurised fluidized bed combustor |
| CN102966944A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-13 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | CFB (Circulating Fluidized Bed)-rotary radiation boiler for reducing contamination of high-alkalinity coal |
| CN203771392U (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-08-13 | 浙江大学 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler |
-
2014
- 2014-01-13 CN CN201410014918.1A patent/CN103776027B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4856460A (en) * | 1987-05-09 | 1989-08-15 | Inter Power Technologie | Fluidized bed combustion |
| US4915061A (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1990-04-10 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Fluidized bed reactor utilizing channel separators |
| CN1140482A (en) * | 1994-02-10 | 1997-01-15 | 朗马克国际动力公司 | Dual Brayton-cycle gas turbine power plant utilizing circulating pressurised fluidized bed combustor |
| CN102966944A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-13 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | CFB (Circulating Fluidized Bed)-rotary radiation boiler for reducing contamination of high-alkalinity coal |
| CN203771392U (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-08-13 | 浙江大学 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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| CN103776027B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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