CN103773933B - A kind of method improving metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect - Google Patents
A kind of method improving metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN103773933B CN103773933B CN201410026062.XA CN201410026062A CN103773933B CN 103773933 B CN103773933 B CN 103773933B CN 201410026062 A CN201410026062 A CN 201410026062A CN 103773933 B CN103773933 B CN 103773933B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method improving metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect, belong to field of Austenitic stainless steel. The present invention is directed to the existing issue of metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect difference, and a kind of method improving metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect is provided. The specifically comprising the following steps that of method (1) by metastable austenite stainless steel 1000 DEG C ~ 1300 DEG C solution treatment 10 minutes ~ 2 hours; (2) metastable austenite stainless steel through above-mentioned solution treatment is brought out at-196 DEG C to deformation the maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mationdBetween stretch or rolling deformation 5% ~ 30%, subsequently 400 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C make annealing treatment 5 minutes ~ 1 hour, by after above-mentioned deformation re-annealing process process circulate 1 to 5 time; There is �� ' martensite in the austenitic matrix of the metastable austenite stainless steel after the process of described method. The method can significantly improve the shape memory effect of metastable austenite stainless steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to austenitic stainless steel, be specifically related to a kind of method improving metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect.
Background technology
Metastable austenite stainless steel refers to after solution treatment under room temperature as single phase austenite tissue, and deformed or cooling produces the rustless steel of �� ' martensite and �� martensite. At present, metastable austenite stainless steel is with AISI304, AISI301 and AISI201 for representative. 1971, Enami etc. found that AISI304 metastable austenite stainless steel has obvious shape memory effect (K.Enami, S.NennoandY.Minato.Scriptametallurgica, 1971,5:663). Although being substantially less than stainless austenite Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni system marmem without the shape memory effect of the metastable austenite stainless steel of special handling, but the decay resistance of metastable austenite stainless steel, especially acid resistance are significantly better than Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni system marmem. Owing to metastable austenite stainless steel industrialized production is highly developed, if we can significantly improve its shape memory effect, this possesses the marmem of application potential by not only becoming a class, and expands its range of application further. Therefore, how improving the shape memory effect of metastable austenite stainless steel is technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is just for the existing issue of metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect difference, and provides a kind of method improving metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect.
Specifically comprising the following steps that of the method
(1) by metastable austenite stainless steel 1000 DEG C ~ 1300 DEG C solution treatment 10 minutes ~ 2 hours;
(2) metastable austenite stainless steel through above-mentioned solution treatment is brought out at-196 DEG C to deformation the maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mationdBetween stretch or rolling deformation 5% ~ 30%, subsequently 400 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C make annealing treatment 5 minutes ~ 1 hour, by after above-mentioned deformation re-annealing process process circulate 1 to 5 time.
There is �� ' martensite in the austenitic matrix of the metastable austenite stainless steel after the method for the invention process. When the shape memory effect of metastable austenite stainless steel comes from deformation, austenite is changed into �� martensite, and the reverse of �� martensite becomes austenite (K.Enami after heating, S.NennoandY.Minato.TransactionsoftheJapanInstituteofMeta ls, 1977,18:435). Therefore, for the shape memory effect obtained, deformation should be undertaken by �� martensite transfor mation as far as possible, it is to avoid or reduce the expendable plastic deformation that perfect dislocation sliding causes. Current result of study and our result of study is analyzed through comprehensive, it is considered that the main cause of metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect difference is that austenite yield strength is low, during deformation, dislocation movement by slip and �� martensite transfor mation occur simultaneously, cause the generation of expendable plastic deformation. Accordingly, if the shape memory effect improving metastable austenite stainless steel is necessary for improving the intensity of austenitic matrix. Metastable austenite stainless steel will introduce �� ' martensite after the method for the invention processes on its austenitic matrix. And �� ' geneva physical ability significantly strengthens austenitic matrix, it is suppressed that the generation of expendable plastic deformation during deformation. Therefore, the method can significantly improve the shape memory effect of metastable austenite stainless steel.
The maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mation is brought out in deformationdIt is usually used in judging that during deformation, the deformation temperature needed for �� ' martensite transfor mation occurs metastable austenite stainless steel. When deformation temperature is higher than MdTime, do not deform upon during metastable austenite stainless steel deformation and bring out �� ' martensite transfor mation, now the austenitic matrix of metastable austenite stainless steel will not have �� ' martensite to introduce. When deformation temperature is lower than MdTime, will deform upon during metastable austenite stainless steel deformation and bring out �� ' martensite transfor mation, now the austenitic matrix of metastable austenite stainless steel will have �� ' martensite to introduce. As it was previously stated, the present invention is the austenitic matrix by introducing �� ' martensite strengthening metastable austenite stainless steel, and then significantly improve the shape memory effect of metastable austenite stainless steel. Additionally, industrial common minimum deformation temperature is-196 DEG C (liquid nitrogen temperatures). Therefore, in order to be able to meet the requirement of industrial large-scale production, introducing �� ' martensite on the austenitic matrix of metastable austenite stainless steel, the maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mation is brought out in the deformation of metastable austenite stainless steel simultaneouslydShould be higher than that-196 DEG C. And the maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mation is brought out in deformationdRelevant with the alloying component of metastable austenite stainless steel. At present, metastable austenite stainless steel contains Fe, Cr and Ni element, and comprises in Mn, Si, Cu, Mo, Al, Ti, V, Nb, C and N element one or more, in metastable austenite stainless steel, the weight percent content of each element is: Cr15 ~ 20%, Ni0 ~ 10.5%, Mn0 ~ 13%, Si0 ~ 6%, Cu0 ~ 5%, Mo0 ~ 5%, Al0 ~ 1%, Ti0 ~ 0.5%, V0 ~ 0.5%, Nb0 ~ 0.5%, C0 ~ 0.2%, N0 ~ 0.4%, remaining for Fe with inevitable impurity. Formula M can be adopted at presentd=580-520C-2Si-16Mn-16Cr-23Ni-300N-26Cu-10Mo calculates the M of metastable austenite stainless steeld. So, each element weight percent content of metastable austenite stainless steel should meet by formula MdThe maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mation is brought out in the calculated deformation of=580-520C-2Si-16Mn-16Cr-23Ni-300N-26Cu-10ModMore than-196 DEG C.
In order to allow metastable austenite stainless steel obtain best shape memory effect, metastable austenite stainless steel described in the step (1) of the present invention is preferably 1050 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C solution treatment 30 minutes ~ 1 hour; Metastable austenite stainless steel through solution treatment is preferably brought out the maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mation by step (2) at-196 DEG C to deformationdBetween stretch or rolling deformation 10% ~ 20%, subsequently 500 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C make annealing treatment 15 minutes ~ 1 hour, by after above-mentioned deformation re-annealing process process circulate 1 to 2 time.
Present invention have the advantage that the shape memory effect that can significantly improve metastable austenite stainless steel so that it is become a class and possess the marmem of application potential, thus expanding its range of application further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The metallograph (a) of Fig. 1 embodiment 5 and X-Ray diffraction spectra (b). Illustrate that the austenitic matrix of rear AISI304 metastable austenite stainless steel processed by the invention exists �� ' martensite.
The metallograph (a) of Fig. 2 embodiment 23 and X-Ray diffraction spectra (b). Illustrate that the austenitic matrix of rear AISI304 metastable austenite stainless steel processed by the invention exists �� ' martensite.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment is given below, so that the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1 ~ 18.
Commercial AISI304 stainless steel materials is as follows through the weight percent content chemically examining its each element: Cr18.12%, Ni8.16%, Mn1.51%, Si0.53%, Cu0.04%, V0.11%, C0.04%, remaining for Fe with inevitable impurity. Through formula Md=580-520C-2Si-16Mn-16Cr-23Ni-300N-26Cu-10Mo calculating obtains its deformation and brings out the maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mationdEqual to 55.34 DEG C, higher than-196 DEG C, therefore the stretcher strain temperature range of this alloy is-196 DEG C ~ 55.34 DEG C. Concrete processing procedure is as follows: first sheet material is carried out solution treatment, then respectively in different temperatures stretcher strain different distortion amount, is then annealed processing, and the process that above-mentioned stretcher strain adds annealing circulates 1 to 5 time. Adopt the shape memory effect of diastrophic method test material: first sample is deformed 2% under liquid nitrogen, then reply 5 minutes 600 DEG C of heating again. The measurement result of concrete process technological parameter and shape memory effect is in Table 1. In order to compare the effect of the present invention, table 1 give also the shape memory effect of the AISI304 metastable austenite stainless steel sheet material merely through solution treatment. Data in table 1 clearly illustrate that: the method can significantly improve the shape memory effect of AISI304 metastable austenite stainless steel.
In order to verify processed by the invention after AISI304 metastable austenite stainless steel austenitic matrix in there is �� ' martensite, adopt metallographic method and XRD to characterize the microstructure of embodiment 5. The metallograph of the respectively embodiment 5 of (a) and (b) in Fig. 1 and X-Ray diffraction spectra. It can be seen that the austenitic matrix of embodiment 5 exists �� ' martensite.
The shape memory effect of table 1 embodiment 1 ~ 18.
Embodiment 19 ~ 27.
Forging state commercialization AISI304 rustless steel is as follows through the weight percent content chemically examining its each element: Cr18.63%, Ni8.77%, Mn1.46%, Si0.46%, Cu0.05%, V0.12%, C0.05%, remaining for Fe with inevitable impurity. Through formula Md=580-520C-2Si-16Mn-16Cr-23Ni-300N-26Cu-10Mo calculating obtains its deformation and brings out the maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mationdEqual to 28.63 DEG C, higher than-196 DEG C, therefore the rolling deformation temperature range of this alloy is-196 DEG C ~ 28.63 DEG C.Concrete processing procedure is as follows: first alloy is carried out solution treatment, then 20 DEG C of rolling deformation different distortion amounts, is then annealed processing, and the rolling deformation adds the process of annealing and circulates 1 to 2 time. Adopt the shape memory effect of diastrophic method test material: first sample is deformed 2% under liquid nitrogen, then reply 5 minutes 600 DEG C of heating again. The measurement result of concrete process technological parameter and shape memory effect is in Table 2. In order to compare the effect of the present invention, table 2 give also the shape memory effect of the forging state AISI304 metastable austenite stainless steel merely through solution treatment. Data in table 2 clearly illustrate that: the method can significantly improve the shape memory effect of AISI304 metastable austenite stainless steel.
In order to verify processed by the invention after AISI304 metastable austenite stainless steel austenitic matrix in there is �� ' martensite, adopt metallographic method and XRD to characterize the microstructure of embodiment 23. The metallograph of the respectively embodiment 23 of (a) and (b) in Fig. 2 and X-Ray diffraction spectra. It can be seen that the austenitic matrix of embodiment 23 exists �� ' martensite.
The shape memory effect of table 2 embodiment 19 ~ 27.
Claims (3)
1. the method improving metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect, metastable austenite stainless steel described in the method contains Fe, Cr and Ni element, and comprise Mn, Si, Cu, Mo, Al, Ti, V, Nb, in C and N element one or more, in metastable austenite stainless steel, the weight percent content of each element is: Cr15��20%, Ni0��10.5%, Mn0��13%, Si0��6%, Cu0��5%, Mo0��5%, Al0��1%, Ti0��0.5%, V0��0.5%, Nb0��0.5%, C0��0.05%, N0��0.4%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, it is characterized in that, the specifically comprising the following steps that of method (1) by metastable austenite stainless steel 1000 DEG C��1300 DEG C solution treatment 10 minutes��2 hours, (2) metastable austenite stainless steel through above-mentioned solution treatment is brought out at-196 DEG C to deformation the maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mationdBetween stretch or rolling deformation 5%��30%, subsequently 400 DEG C��600 DEG C make annealing treatment 5 minutes��1 hour, by after above-mentioned deformation re-annealing process process circulate 1 to 5 time; There is �� ' martensite in the austenitic matrix of the metastable austenite stainless steel after the process of described method; Each element weight percent content of metastable austenite stainless steel meets presses formula MdThe maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mation is brought out in the calculated deformation of=580-520C-2Si-16Mn-16Cr-23Ni-300N-26Cu-10ModMore than-196 DEG C.
2. a kind of method improving metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that metastable austenite stainless steel described in step (1) was 1050 DEG C��1200 DEG C solution treatment 30 minutes��1 hour.
3. a kind of method improving metastable austenite stainless steel shape memory effect according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the metastable austenite stainless steel through solution treatment is brought out at-196 DEG C to deformation the maximum temperature M of �� ' martensite transfor mation by step (2)dBetween stretch or rolling deformation 10%��20%, subsequently 500 DEG C��600 DEG C make annealing treatment 15 minutes��1 hour, by after above-mentioned deformation re-annealing process process circulate 1 to 2 time.
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| TWI642790B (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2018-12-01 | 特殊金屬超越股份有限公司 | Metastable Wostian iron-based stainless steel belt or steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
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| RU2641429C1 (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-01-17 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет" (ТГУ, НИ ТГУ) | Method to increase strength of stable austenitic steel |
| CN108411213B (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2019-11-15 | 四川大学 | A method of improving FeMnAl alloy shape memory performance |
| CN109913764B (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-12-01 | 四川大学 | Method for improving memory performance stability of iron-manganese-aluminum-nickel alloy |
| CN110527934B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-08-04 | 河北工业大学 | Preparation method of high-strength high-damping CuAlMn shape memory alloy |
| CN113981192B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-02-03 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for improving yield strength of 304 type metastable austenitic stainless steel |
| CN114032369B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-05-09 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for regulating and controlling tissue structure of 304 metastable austenitic stainless steel |
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| CN1399002A (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2003-02-26 | 四川大学 | Deformation induced aging-type iron-base shape memory alloy and its prepn process |
| CN101215678A (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2008-07-09 | 四川大学 | Training-free casting iron-base shape memory alloy containing high temperature ferrite |
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| CN1399002A (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2003-02-26 | 四川大学 | Deformation induced aging-type iron-base shape memory alloy and its prepn process |
| CN101215678A (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2008-07-09 | 四川大学 | Training-free casting iron-base shape memory alloy containing high temperature ferrite |
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| TWI642790B (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2018-12-01 | 特殊金屬超越股份有限公司 | Metastable Wostian iron-based stainless steel belt or steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
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