CN103772100B

CN103772100B - Method for preparation of n-eicosane by natural acid-peanut acid

Info

Publication number: CN103772100B
Application number: CN201210408516.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张志银; 孙剑锋; 全辉; 姚春雷; 孙国权; 林振发; 赵威
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals
Current assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals
Priority date: 2012-10-24
Filing date: 2012-10-24
Publication date: 2015-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2032-10-24
Also published as: CN103772100A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparation of n-eicosane by natural acid-peanut acid, the peanut acid is mixed with a solvent for hydrogenation reaction in the presence of a catalyst and hydrogen, the catalyst is a palladium / carbon nanotube catalyst, the hydrogen contas 5-50 mu L / L of NH3, the hydrogenation pressure is 1-10MPa, the reaction temperature 220-320 DEG C, and the reaction time is 3-10h. The catalyst uses multi-wall carbon nanotube as a carrier, and 2%-10% by mass of palladium as an active component; the solvent is one of n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane or dodecane. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of simple preparation process, low reaction temperature, less solvent consumption, high reaction activity and higher yield of an objective product.

Description

The method of NSC 62789 hydrocarbon prepared by a kind of natural acid-eicosanoic acid

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of eicosanoic acid generates NSC 62789 hydrocarbon method through liquid phase catalytic hydrogenation deoxidation, belong to catalysis technical field.

Background technology

Normal paraffin is as one of the key ingredient of diesel oil at low-temperature improving agent and environmental protection liquid fuel composition, obtained and applied widely, normal paraffin monomer also plays extremely important effect at analysis fields such as geology, crude oil, Atmospheric particulates and organism simultaneously.

The preparation method of existing normal paraffin mainly contains following several: one, take molecular sieve or urea dewaxing to prepare the mixture of normal paraffin, and then carry out that segmentation is freezing, the method for separating normal alkane monomer, wherein typical technique has the independently developed IVDW technique of China; Two, Woertz is taked to react the symmetrical normal paraffin of preparation; Three, alkane iodide method of reducing is adopted; Four, use sherwood oil and normal hexane, normal heptane makes solvent link haloalkane method.Although above method can obtain corresponding normal paraffin monomer, all there is certain problem in each method: as first method processing condition more complicated, requires very high to some equipment, material; Second method is only applicable to symmetry even number alkane, and generate item needs ether solvent repeatedly to extract; Third and fourth kind of method operational danger is large, and sherwood oil very easily erupts in sodium Metal 99.5 and haloalkane vigorous reaction, and safety coefficient is low, and cost is higher.

CN200810151995.6 discloses a kind of synthesis and New Method of Purification of NSC 62789, and the step of its preparation method comprises: positive structure butyl bromide mixes with bromo n-hexadecane by (1); (2) after being mixed with mixed solution by sherwood oil, sodium is added, back flow reaction 1 ~ 2 hour; (3), after dripping dehydrated alcohol, water, be separated organic phase and be washed to neutrality; (4) cut of collection 320 ~ 360 DEG C is distilled, colourless or in after faint yellow to organic phase through washing, be washed to neutrality; (5) by after filtering after organic phase drying, adsorbing, underpressure distillation in the middle of collecting positive cut namely obtain NSC 62789 product.

Corresponding alkane can be prepared with higher fatty acid ester through hydrogenation, but in hydrogenation process, a large amount of decarboxylic reactions and decarbonylation reaction can be there is, reaction product is formed complicated, the alkane that more carbon number reduces can be produced, be unfavorable for the productive rate improving object product on the one hand, decarboxylic reaction and decarbonylation reaction can produce carbon monoxide or carbonic acid gas on the other hand, can produce adverse influence to hydrogenation reaction.

CN200910100260.5 discloses a kind of method of preparing alkane by high fatty acid ester, with the fatty acid methyl ester containing 8 ~ 22 carbon atoms or containing the fatty-acid ethyl ester of 8 ~ 22 carbon atoms for raw material, carry out hydrogenation reaction and produce alkane, but can find out, in the alkane product obtained, carbon in lipid acid still has major part to be removed, as with stearic acid methyl ester (stearic acid is 18 carbon carboxylic acids) for raw material, the heptadecane hydrocarbon obtained and the total recovery of octodecane hydrocarbon only have 75%, therefore, the yield of the product (octodecane hydrocarbon) of non-decarburization direct hydrogenation can be lower.Meanwhile, the boiling point difference of heptadecane hydrocarbon and octodecane hydrocarbon is very little, obtains octodecane hydrocarbon very difficult further by isolation technique.And adopt method of hydrotreating production NSC 62789 technology to yet there are no report.

Summary of the invention

For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of method that NSC 62789 hydrocarbon prepared by natural acid-eicosanoic acid, the inventive method, under the condition that eicosanoic acid feed stock conversion is higher, can obtain higher NSC 62789 yield.

The method that NSC 62789 hydrocarbon prepared by eicosanoic acid of the present invention comprises following content: eicosanoic acid raw material and solvent, carries out hydrogenation reaction in the presence of a catalyst and hydrogen, the NH containing 5 ~ 50 μ L/L in hydrogen ₃, catalyzer is palladium/carbon nano-tube catalyst, and the reaction pressure of hydrogenation reaction is 1 ~ 10MPa, and be preferably 2 ~ 8MPa, temperature of reaction is 220 ~ 320 DEG C, and be preferably 260 ~ 300 DEG C, the reaction times is 3 ~ 10h, is preferably 4 ~ 7h.

In the inventive method, hydrogenation process can adopt intermittent reaction, also can adopt continuous reaction.When adopting intermittent reaction, preferably carry out under agitation, the volume ratio of eicosanoic acid and catalyzer is l.0 ~ 2.5:0.2 ~ 0.5.When adopting continuous reaction, hydrogen and liquid phase (eicosanoic acid and solvent) volume ratio are in normal conditions 100:1 ~ 1200:1, are preferably 300:1 ~ 800:1.

In the inventive method, the NH preferably containing 5 ~ 50 μ L/L in the hydrogen that hydrogenation reaction uses ₃, be preferably 10 ~ 20 μ L/L, to improve the selectivity of object product NSC 62789.

In the inventive method, natural acid raw material refers to and be hydrolyzed isolated eicosanoic acid from peanut oil.

In the inventive method, solvent is one or more in normal hexane, normal heptane, octane or dodecane, and the volume ratio of eicosanoic acid and solvent is: l.0 ~ 2.5:7 ~ 20.

In the inventive method, catalyzer take multi-walled carbon nano-tubes as carrier, with the palladium of mass percentage 2% ~ 10% for active ingredient.Multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is common commercial goods.

The preparation method of used catalyst of the present invention is as follows: under 50 ~ 100 DEG C of conditions, with the HNO of 2 ~ 8Mol/L ₃multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is carried out oxide treatment 1 ~ 5h, then filters, be washed to neutrality, 100 ~ 150 DEG C of oven dry; Then be added to the water, ultrasonic disperse, add H by the mass percentage 2% ~ 10% of palladium in catalyzer ₂pdC1 ₄solution, adds formaldehyde solution after stirring, and regulates pH value to 8 ~ 11 by NaOH solution, stirs, filters, washes, dries, obtain Pd/MWCNTs catalyzer.

Find through large quantity research, method of the present invention, to the hydrogenation deoxidation of eicosanoic acid, there is very high catalytic activity and object product (NSC 62789) selectivity, the decarboxylic reaction that carbon number is reduced and decarbonylation reaction little, when particularly containing a small amount of ammonia in hydrogen, the selectivity of object product is higher.Compared with prior art, the feature that the present invention has is: 1, catalyst preparation process is simple, can be recycled.2, temperature of reaction significantly reduces, and is the production process of less energy-consumption.3, solvent load is few, cheap and easy to get, and boiling point is low, is easy to recycle.4, this process operation is flexible.

5, object product selectivity is high, is conducive to subsequent separation process.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Catalyst preparing

6M HNO is used in 80 DEG C of oil baths ₃multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (length 5 ~ 15 μm, nanometer port, Shenzhen company limited provides for commercial goods, purity >95%, diameter 40 ~ 60nm) is carried out oxide treatment 2h, then filters, be washed to neutrality, 120 DEG C of oven dry; Get above-mentioned oxidation-treated carbon nanotube, add 70mL water, ultrasonic disperse; Be that active ingredient adds H by the palladium of mass percentage 2% ~ 10% ₂pdC1 ₄solution, formaldehyde solution is added after stirring, by 1M NaOH solution adjust ph to 9, stir 25min, filter, massive laundering, dry, obtain Pd/ multi-walled carbon nano-tubes catalyzer (Pd/MwCNTs), prepare two kinds of catalyzer and catalyzer 1(palladium mass content is 4%) and catalyzer 2(palladium mass content be 7%).

Embodiment 2

2.5 parts of (parts by volume, lower same) eicosanoic acid, 0.3 part of Pd/MwCNTs catalyzer 1 and 20 parts of normal hexanes are added in 100mL reactor, is filled with hydrogen, initial hydrogen pressure 2.5MPa, opens and stirs and heating, stopped reaction after 280 DEG C of reaction 6h, to be cooled to room temperature, filter to isolate catalyzer.Carry out detection by quantitative by gas-chromatography to product, the transformation efficiency of known raw material eicosanoic acid is 85%, and the total recovery of product NSC 62789 is 80%(molar yield, and product NSC 62789 accounts for the per-cent of raw material eicosanoic acid, lower same).

Embodiment 3

1.5 parts of eicosanoic acids, 0.4 part of Pd/MwCNTs catalyzer 2 and 16 parts of normal hexanes are added in 100mL reactor, is filled with the hydrogen (NH containing 5 μ L/L ₃), initial hydrogen pressure 5.0MPa, opens and stirs and heating, stopped reaction after 260 DEG C of reaction 7h, to be cooled to room temperature, filters to isolate catalyzer.Carry out detection by quantitative by gas-chromatography to product, the transformation efficiency of known raw material eicosanoic acid is 89%, and the yield of product NSC 62789 is 85%.

Embodiment 4

2.0 parts of eicosanoic acids, 0.5 part of Pd/MwCNTs catalyzer 2 and 18 parts of normal hexanes are added in 100mL reactor, is filled with the hydrogen (NH containing 20 μ L/L ₃), initial hydrogen pressure 6.0MPa, opens and stirs and heating, stopped reaction after 300 DEG C of reaction 7h, to be cooled to room temperature, filters to isolate catalyzer.By gas-chromatography, detection by quantitative is carried out to product, known raw material eicosanoic acid transformation efficiency be 94%, the yield of product NSC 62789 is 88%.

Claims

1. a method for NSC 62789 hydrocarbon prepared by natural acid-eicosanoic acid, it is characterized in that comprising following content: eicosanoic acid raw material and solvent, carries out hydrogenation reaction in the presence of a catalyst and hydrogen, the NH containing 5 ~ 50 μ L/L in hydrogen ₃, catalyzer is palladium/carbon nano-tube catalyst, and the reaction pressure of hydrogenation reaction is 1 ~ 10MPa, and temperature of reaction is 220 ~ 320 DEG C, and the reaction times is 3 ~ 10h.

2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the reaction pressure of hydrogenation reaction is 2 ~ 8MPa, and temperature of reaction is 260 ~ 300 DEG C, and the reaction times is 4 ~ 7h.

3. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: hydrogenation process adopts intermittent reaction, reaction is carried out under agitation, and the volume ratio of eicosanoic acid and catalyzer is l.0 ~ 2.5:0.2 ~ 0.5.

4. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: hydrogenation process adopts continuous reaction, and hydrogen and liquid phase volume ratio is in normal conditions 100:1 ~ 1200:1.

5. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the NH preferably containing 10 ~ 20 μ L/L in the hydrogen that hydrogenation reaction uses ₃.

6. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: solvent is one or more in normal hexane, normal heptane, octane or dodecane, the volume ratio of eicosanoic acid and solvent is: l.0 ~ 2.5:7 ~ 20.

7. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: catalyzer take multi-walled carbon nano-tubes as carrier, in catalyst quality containing active component palladium 2% ~ 10%.

8. in accordance with the method for claim 7, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of catalyzer is as follows, under 50 ~ 100 DEG C of conditions, with the HNO of 2 ~ 8mol/L ₃multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is carried out oxide treatment 1 ~ 5h, then filters, be washed to neutrality, 100 ~ 150 DEG C of oven dry; Then be added to the water, ultrasonic disperse, add H by the mass percentage 2% ~ 10% of palladium in catalyzer ₂pdC1 ₄solution, adds formaldehyde solution after stirring, and regulates pH value to 8 ~ 11 by NaOH solution, stirs, filters, washes, dries, obtain Pd/MWCNTs catalyzer.