CN105801376B - Silica gel supported imidazole ion liquid is catalyzed the production method of benzene direct oxidation phenol - Google Patents

Silica gel supported imidazole ion liquid is catalyzed the production method of benzene direct oxidation phenol Download PDF

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CN105801376B
CN105801376B CN201610305282.5A CN201610305282A CN105801376B CN 105801376 B CN105801376 B CN 105801376B CN 201610305282 A CN201610305282 A CN 201610305282A CN 105801376 B CN105801376 B CN 105801376B
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benzene
phenol
catalyst
silica gel
ion liquid
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CN105801376A (en
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胡玉林
姚楠
汪洪波
杨世立
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Guiyang Yuguan Technical Service Center
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
Huaqiang Chemical Group Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C37/00Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C37/60Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by oxidation reactions introducing directly hydroxy groups on a =CH-group belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring with the aid of other oxidants than molecular oxygen or their mixtures with molecular oxygen
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0277Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature
    • B01J31/0278Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre
    • B01J31/0285Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre also containing elements or functional groups covered by B01J31/0201 - B01J31/0274
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/70Oxidation reactions, e.g. epoxidation, (di)hydroxylation, dehydrogenation and analogues
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/54Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/584Recycling of catalysts

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of production method of benzene direct oxidation phenol.It is characterized in that in solvent-free gentle reaction system, using benzene as raw material, 30% hydrogen peroxide is oxidant, and under functional silica gel supported imidazole ion liquid catalytic action, high-purity phenol has been synthesized by high-selectivity oxidation reaction.The reaction system has mild condition, and phenol yield and selectivity are high, simple to operate, while catalyst can be reused with good recovery, no Ecological Environment Risk, be a kind of efficient, environment-friendly production method, be advantageous to industrialized production.

Description

Silica gel supported imidazole ion liquid is catalyzed the production method of benzene direct oxidation phenol
Technical field
The present invention relates to functional silica gel supported imidazole ion liquid catalysis benzene high-selectivity oxidation to prepare the new of phenol Method, belong to chemical technology field.
Technical background
Phenol is a kind of important industrial chemicals, having many uses industrially, be widely used in various air aldehyde resins, The synthesis of the compounds such as phenol derivatives, acids, amine.Now, the industrial manufacture process of phenol mainly has cumene method, sulfonation Method and toluol-benzene formic acid method.Cumene method is industrially to prepare the most widely used method of phenol, base at present in three kinds of methods This upper more than 90% phenol synthesizes in this way.Different phenylpropyl alcohol method prepares phenol and more defect be present:Synthetic line is grown, always Yield is relatively low (only 5% or so), and atom utilization is low, raw material serious waste in short supply, and production cost is high;Accessory substance causes ring The problems such as serious pollution in border;Domestic and international scientists are promoted to make great efforts to explore new synthetic method and route.All the time, benzene The characteristics of direct oxidation prepares phenol because it has green, and Atom economy is high, by the extensive pass of domestic and international chemist Note, it is the new focus of phenol preparation technology research and development.Wherein, phenol is prepared by oxidant Direct Catalytic Oxidation benzene of hydrogen peroxide (Y.Morimoto,S.Bunno,N.Fujieda,H.Sugimoto,S.Itoh,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2015,137, 5867), accessory substance only in course of reaction is water, has the advantages that route is short, Atom economy is high, therefore be considered as always Be most be hopeful substitute cumene method a kind of clean preparation method, also always various countries research emphasis.
Ionic liquid refers to what is be made up of organic cation and inorganic or organic anion, there is steam to force down, be non-combustible, The series of advantages such as heat endurance is high, good thermal conductivity.Ionic liquid can come as the solvent and catalyst of green Use.Ionic liquid combines the advantages of homogeneous catalyst and heterogeneous catalyst, can as catalyst " carrier " catalysis and Unique effect is played during organic reaction, is the most reaction medium of prospect and ideal catalytic body in Green Chemistry System.Patent CN02108941.8 is proposed in 1- octyl group -3- methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate ion liquid systems, dodecyl sulphur The reaction of the sour lower catalysis hydrogen peroxide oxidation Benzene to phenol of iron salt catalyst effect.Traditional ionic liquid is anti-in benzene oxidatoin phenol Should aspect have unique catalytic activity (X.Hu, L.Zhu, X.Wang, B.Guo, J.Xu, G.Li, C.Hu, J.Mol.Catal.A:Chem., 2011,342-343,41), there is also ionic liquid dosage is big, catalyst system and catalyzing and product separation The shortcomings of purification difficult, so practical application is very limited.In view of conventional ion liquid is in the important of organic catalysis field The shortcomings of application value and its usage amount are big, recovery is difficult, develop new there is high catalytic activity and can conveniently reclaim and repeat Use load-type ion liquid catalyst tool be of great significance (J.Yang, L.Zhou, X.Guo, L.Li, P.Zhang,R.Hong,T.Qiu,Chem.Eng.J.,2015,280,147).For Pyrogentisinic Acid's industrial production, safe and stable, High-quality, method in high yield, simple to operate and technique are undoubtedly most attractive.
The content of the invention
" green " production method of efficient benzene direct oxidation phenol it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of simple.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the present invention is:Functional silica gel supported imidazole ion liquid material is catalyzed Benzene hydrogen peroxide oxidation prepares the new method of phenol, i.e., using benzene as raw material, 30% hydrogen peroxide is oxidant, silica gel supported ionic liquid Body is catalyst, and the synthetic reaction of phenol is realized under normal pressure condition of no solvent.
The preparation method of silica gel supported ionic-liquid catalyst used in the present invention referring to document (J.Yang, L.Zhou, X.Guo,L.Li,P.Zhang,R.Hong,T.Qiu,Chem.Eng.J.,2015,280,147;S.Xun,W.Zhu,D.Zheng, H.Li,W.Jiang,M.Zhang,Y.Qin,Z.Zhao,H.Li,RSC Adv.,2015,5,43528;W.Zhang,Q.Wang, H.Wu, P.Wu, M.He, Green Chem., 2014,16,4767), its chemical principle prepared and structure are as follows:
Thermal stability analysis test result indicates that, such silica gel supported ionic-liquid catalyst better heat stability, Less than 260 DEG C can stablize use.
The mol ratio of material used in the present invention is benzene:30% hydrogen peroxide=1:0.9~2, catalyst amount is the total matter of material The 5~15% of amount, described material and silica gel supported ionic-liquid catalyst, which proportionally feed intake, mixes reaction.
Reaction temperature of the present invention is 30~60 DEG C.
Reaction time of the present invention is 1~4 hour.
Catalyst of the present invention is silica gel supported tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid, silica gel supported imidazoles hexafluoro Phosphate ion liquid, silica gel supported imidazoles iron chloride salt ionic liquid, silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid In one kind.
A kind of method of silica gel supported imidazole ion liquid catalysis benzene hydrogen peroxide oxidation phenol of the present invention, reaction After end, cooling and standings, catalyst granules is sunken to drag, and net product benzene is can obtain after the complete benzene of unreacted is recovered by filtration Phenol, filter cake catalyst can be recyclable reuse without processing, by benzene:30% hydrogen peroxide=1:0.9~2 ratio feed intake into Row next group catalytic oxidation.
The catalytic oxidation principle of the present invention is as follows:
According to the method provided by the invention for preparing phenol, its key technology be using prepare silica gel supported imidazoles from Sub- liquid catalyst benzene feedstock and oxidant hydrogen peroxide carry out oxidation reaction and obtain phenol.Compared with prior art, its is excellent by the present invention Put and be:(1) silica gel supported imidazole ion liquid is used, it is convenient to prepare, and activity is high, and dosage is few, and stability is good, and catalyst does not lose It is living, it can be recycled.(2) reaction is heterogeneous catalytic oxidation, and phenol product and catalyst separation are simple, and catalyst can facilitate Recovery is reused.(3) whole reaction system green high-efficient, reaction condition are gentle, and phenol product selectivity is high, and hydrogen peroxide utilizes Rate is high, and system is not added with other organic solvents, and system is environment-friendly.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is the flow for the method that the present invention is catalyzed benzene direct oxidation phenol with silica gel supported imidazole ion liquid Figure.
Embodiment
Implementation below is only the description to best mode for carrying out the invention, is not had to the scope of the present invention any Limitation, it is further explained by means of the following examples the essence of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid are added (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2.5 hours.Cooling, filter back Catalyst is received, filtrate is distilled to recover benzene, obtains phenol product, yield 12.1%.GC-MS analysis results show, phenol selectivity 98.7%.
Embodiment 2
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported limidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid are added (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2.5 hours.Cooling, filter back Catalyst is received, filtrate is distilled to recover benzene, obtains phenol product, yield 21.5%.GC-MS analysis results show, phenol selectivity 97.8%.
Embodiment 3
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles iron chloride salt ionic liquid (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2.5 hours.Cool down, catalysis is recovered by filtration Agent, filtrate are distilled to recover benzene, obtain phenol product, yield 69.5%.GC-MS analysis results show, phenol selectivity 83.6%.
Embodiment 4
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2.5 hours.Cool down, catalysis is recovered by filtration Agent, filtrate are distilled to recover benzene, obtain phenol sterling, yield 58.9%.GC-MS analysis results show that phenol is unique product.
Embodiment 5
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (5g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2.5 hours.Cool down, catalysis is recovered by filtration Agent, filtrate are distilled to recover benzene, obtain phenol sterling, yield 23.2%.GC-MS analysis results show that phenol is unique product.
Embodiment 6
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (10g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2.5 hours.Cool down, catalysis is recovered by filtration Agent, filtrate are distilled to recover benzene, obtain phenol sterling, yield 46.7%.GC-MS analysis results show that phenol is unique product.
Embodiment 7
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (20g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2.5 hours.Cool down, catalysis is recovered by filtration Agent, filtrate are distilled to recover benzene, obtain phenol product, yield 57.8%.GC-MS analysis results show, phenol selectivity 96.6%.
Embodiment 8
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 30 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2.5 hours.Cool down, catalysis is recovered by filtration Agent, filtrate are distilled to recover benzene, obtain phenol product, yield 47.2%.GC-MS analysis results show, phenol selectivity 97.5%.
Embodiment 9
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 60 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2.5 hours.Cool down, catalysis is recovered by filtration Agent, filtrate are distilled to recover benzene, obtain phenol product, yield 42.8%.GC-MS analysis results show, phenol selectivity 82.4%.
Embodiment 10
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 1 hour.Cool down, catalyst be recovered by filtration, Filtrate is distilled to recover benzene, obtains phenol sterling, yield 21.4%.GC-MS analysis results show that phenol is unique product.
Embodiment 11
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2 hours.Cool down, catalyst be recovered by filtration, Filtrate is distilled to recover benzene, obtains phenol sterling, yield 56.7%.GC-MS analysis results show that phenol is unique product.
Embodiment 12
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 3 hours.Cool down, catalyst be recovered by filtration, Filtrate is distilled to recover benzene, obtains phenol product, yield 55.6%.GC-MS analysis results show, phenol selectivity 92.2%.
Embodiment 13
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 4 hours.Cool down, catalyst be recovered by filtration, Filtrate is distilled to recover benzene, obtains phenol product, yield 54.2%.GC-MS analysis results show, phenol selectivity 90.4%.
Embodiment 14
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1.5mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2.5 hours.Cool down, be recovered by filtration and urge Agent, filtrate are distilled to recover benzene, obtain phenol product, yield 53.8%.GC-MS analysis results show, phenol selectivity 94.1%.
Embodiment 15
In 500mL round-bottomed flasks, addition benzene (1.1mol), silica gel supported imidazoles copper chloride ionic liquid (15g), 30% hydrogen peroxide (2.2mol) is slowly added under stirring, after at 45 DEG C continue stirring reaction 2.5 hours.Cool down, be recovered by filtration and urge Agent, filtrate are distilled to recover benzene, obtain phenol product, yield 47.8%.GC-MS analysis results show, phenol selectivity 90.2%.
Embodiment 16
Catalyst in embodiment 4 is reclaimed, catalytic reaction is carried out by each condition in embodiment 4, reuses recovery Catalyst 4 times, experimental result show that catalyst activity does not subtract, phenol yield 50~59%, phenol selectivity more than 95%.
Embodiment 17
Catalyst in embodiment 3 is reclaimed, catalytic reaction is carried out by each condition in embodiment 3, reuses recovery Catalyst 6 times, experimental result show that catalyst activity does not subtract, phenol yield 60~68%, phenol selectivity more than 80%.
The present invention has that technique is simple, mild condition, phenol selectivity are high, and the easily separated purifying of product, system are environment-friendly The advantages of.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of production method of silica gel supported imidazole ion liquid catalysis benzene direct oxidation phenol, it is characterised in that make With load-type ion liquid heterogeneous catalytic system, using 30% hydrogen peroxide as oxidant, benzene is raw material, is added without other solvents, Normal pressure, stirring reaction 1~4 hour at 30~60 DEG C, rear cold filtration, isolated phenol product;Described is used as catalyst Load-type ion liquid there is following structure:
The wherein species anion=BF of anion4、PF6、FeCl4Or CuCl3
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the mol ratio of material used is benzene:30% hydrogen peroxide=1: 0.9~2, catalyst amount is the 5~15% of material gross mass, and described material, ionic-liquid catalyst proportionally feeds intake Mix reaction.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that product and catalysis can be achieved by filtering after completion of the reaction The separation of agent, product phenol and the complete benzene of unreacted are contained in filtrate, be distilled to recover benzene and can obtain phenol product, filter cake is It is catalyst load-type ion liquid, can be recycled and reused without processing, is fed intake progress according to benzene and hydrogen peroxide mol ratio Next batch catalytic reaction.
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CN105906484A (en) * 2016-06-02 2016-08-31 三峡大学 Method for preparing phenol by directly oxidizing benzene
CN107983408B (en) * 2017-11-29 2021-05-18 三峡大学 Method for preparing sulfoxide catalyst and selectively preparing sulfoxide compound by using sulfoxide catalyst

Citations (2)

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JP2010207688A (en) * 2009-03-09 2010-09-24 Univ Of Tokyo Method for preparing catalyst for manufacturing phenol, catalyst prepared by the preparing method and method for manufacturing phenol
CN105521825A (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-27 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Catalyst for preparing phenol by benzene oxidation and preparation method and application thereof

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JP2010207688A (en) * 2009-03-09 2010-09-24 Univ Of Tokyo Method for preparing catalyst for manufacturing phenol, catalyst prepared by the preparing method and method for manufacturing phenol
CN105521825A (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-27 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Catalyst for preparing phenol by benzene oxidation and preparation method and application thereof

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