CN103771626B - Reactor for integrally treating deeply-dehydrated sludge water and concentrated and dehydrated sludge water - Google Patents
Reactor for integrally treating deeply-dehydrated sludge water and concentrated and dehydrated sludge water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一体化处理深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水的反应器,该反应器包括一体化设置的过滤单元、混合反应单元和沉淀单元,过滤单元上设有浓缩脱水污泥水进水口、浓缩脱水污泥水排泥口、过滤组件及浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水口,混合反应单元设有深度脱水污泥水进水口与搅拌器,沉淀单元设有沉淀物收集口及净化污泥水出口。与现有技术相比,本发明由于高效过滤装置去除了浓缩脱水污泥水95%以上的悬浮固体,出水浊度低于5NTU,再与深度脱水污泥水混合反应,不仅可以提高污染物去除效果,而且生成沉淀物含磷量也显著提高,有利于污水中磷的资源化。
The invention relates to a reactor for integrated treatment of advanced dewatered sludge water and concentrated dewatered sludge water. The reactor includes an integrated filter unit, a mixing reaction unit and a sedimentation unit. Water outlet, concentrated dewatered sludge water outlet, filter assembly and concentrated dewatered sludge water filter outlet, mixing reaction unit is equipped with deep dewatered sludge water inlet and agitator, sedimentation unit is equipped with sediment collection port and purified sewage muddy water export. Compared with the prior art, the present invention removes more than 95% of the suspended solids in concentrated dewatered sludge water due to the high-efficiency filter device, and the turbidity of the effluent is lower than 5 NTU, and then mixed with deep dewatered sludge water, which can not only improve the removal of pollutants The effect, and the phosphorus content of the generated sediment is also significantly increased, which is conducive to the resource utilization of phosphorus in sewage.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于污水处理领域,涉及一种污水处理装置,尤其是涉及一种一体化处理深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水的反应器。The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and relates to a sewage treatment device, in particular to a reactor for integrated treatment of deep dewatered sludge water and concentrated dewatered sludge water.
背景技术Background technique
以活性污泥法为代表的污水生物处理技术在污水净化的同时会排放大量含水率高于99%的剩余污泥,通过污泥浓缩和脱水过程实现污泥减容是污水处理厂的常规污泥处理工艺。污泥浓缩和脱水过程中产生的废水,称为浓缩脱水污泥水。随着城镇化建设的进一步提高,中国污水处理量增加,随之污泥量也大量增加,但土地资源越来越紧张,经浓缩脱水后含水率80%左右的污泥已不能满足填埋要求,污泥需经过进一步调理和深度脱水达到含水率60%以下才能进行填埋。在污泥深度脱水处理工艺中,需向污泥中投加FeCl3、生石灰等进行调理,通过细胞破壁释放结合水、吸附水和内部水,改善污泥的脱水性能,再高压压榨脱水至含水率低于60%,特殊条件达到50%以下。目前,污泥深度脱水技术已在杭州七格、无锡芦村、厦门、集美等污水处理厂实际应用。污泥深度脱水过程中产生的废水,称为深度脱水污泥水。The sewage biological treatment technology represented by the activated sludge method will discharge a large amount of excess sludge with a water content higher than 99% while purifying the sewage. It is a routine sewage treatment plant to achieve sludge volume reduction through the process of sludge concentration and dehydration. mud treatment process. The wastewater generated during the sludge thickening and dewatering process is called concentrated dewatered sludge water. With the further improvement of urbanization, the amount of sewage treatment in China has increased, and the amount of sludge has also increased significantly. However, land resources are becoming more and more tense. After concentration and dehydration, sludge with a moisture content of about 80% can no longer meet the landfill requirements. , The sludge needs to be further conditioned and dehydrated to reach a water content below 60% before it can be landfilled. In the sludge deep dehydration treatment process, it is necessary to add FeCl 3 , quicklime, etc. to the sludge for conditioning, release bound water, adsorbed water and internal water through cell wall breaking, improve the dehydration performance of the sludge, and then dehydrate to The moisture content is less than 60%, and the special conditions can reach less than 50%. At present, the sludge deep dehydration technology has been practically applied in Hangzhou Qige, Wuxi Lucun, Xiamen, Jimei and other sewage treatment plants. The wastewater produced during the deep dewatering of sludge is called deep dewatered sludge water.
随着污泥填埋处置对含水率要求的提高,深度脱水污泥水量从2006年的220t/d上升到2013年8220t/d,工程数量从2006年的1个上升到2013年的37个。目前,大部分大型污水处理厂都有浓缩脱水污泥水和深度脱水污泥水两种污泥水。浓缩脱水污泥水中悬浮物、有机物和正磷浓度较高,深度脱水污泥水中有机物和Ca2+离子浓度较高。将深度脱水污泥水和浓缩脱水污泥水混合,深度脱水污泥水中的Ca2+会与浓缩脱水污泥水中的正磷反应生成磷酸钙和羟基磷灰石等沉淀,同时还可去除部分有机物。但是,浓缩脱水污泥水悬浮物固体较高,两种污泥水直接混合不仅会降低污染物去除效率,而且形成的固体中有效磷含量较低,不利于资源化利用。With the increase in the water content requirements for sludge landfill disposal, the water volume of deep dewatered sludge increased from 220t/d in 2006 to 8220t/d in 2013, and the number of projects increased from 1 in 2006 to 37 in 2013. At present, most large-scale sewage treatment plants have two kinds of sludge water, concentrated dewatered sludge water and deep dewatered sludge water. The concentration of suspended matter, organic matter and orthophosphorus in concentrated dewatered sludge water was higher, and the concentration of organic matter and Ca 2+ ion in deep dewatered sludge water was higher. Mix the deep dewatered sludge water with the concentrated dewatered sludge water, the Ca 2+ in the deep dewatered sludge water will react with the orthophosphorus in the concentrated dewatered sludge water to form calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite and other precipitates, and at the same time, some organic matter. However, the suspended solids in the concentrated dewatered sludge water are relatively high, and the direct mixing of the two sludge waters will not only reduce the pollutant removal efficiency, but also have a low content of available phosphorus in the formed solids, which is not conducive to resource utilization.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种结构简单、污水处理效果显著的一体化处理深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水的反应器。The object of the present invention is to provide a reactor for integrated treatment of deep dewatered sludge water and concentrated dewatered sludge water with simple structure and remarkable sewage treatment effect in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
一体化处理深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水的反应器,该反应器包括一体化设置的过滤单元、混合反应单元和沉淀单元,所述的过滤单元上设有浓缩脱水污泥水进水口、浓缩脱水污泥水排泥口、过滤组件及浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水口,所述的混合反应单元设有深度脱水污泥水进水口与搅拌器,所述的沉淀单元设有沉淀物收集口及净化污泥水出口;A reactor for integrated treatment of advanced dewatered sludge water and concentrated dewatered sludge water, the reactor includes an integrated filter unit, a mixing reaction unit and a sedimentation unit, the filter unit is provided with a concentrated dewatered sludge water inlet Water outlet, concentrated dewatered sludge water outlet, filter assembly and concentrated dewatered sludge water filter outlet, the mixing reaction unit is provided with deep dewatered sludge water inlet and agitator, and the sedimentation unit is provided with sedimentation Material collection port and outlet of purified sludge water;
浓缩脱水污泥水从浓缩脱水污泥水进水口进入到过滤单元中,经过滤组件分离后,颗粒物被截留,并从浓缩脱水污泥水排泥口排出,浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水从浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水口进入到混合反应单元,与从深度脱水污泥水进水口进入的深度脱水污泥水混合搅拌发生反应,形成的沉淀通过沉淀物收集口排出,上清液为净化污泥水,从净化污泥水出口排出。The concentrated dewatered sludge water enters the filter unit from the concentrated dewatered sludge water inlet. After being separated by the filter assembly, the particulate matter is intercepted and discharged from the concentrated dewatered sludge water outlet. The concentrated dewatered sludge water is filtered out from the concentrated The dewatered sludge water filter outlet enters the mixing reaction unit, mixes and reacts with the deep dewatered sludge water entering from the deep dewatered sludge water inlet, and the formed precipitate is discharged through the sediment collection port, and the supernatant is purified sewage Muddy water is discharged from the outlet of purified sludge water.
所述的浓缩脱水污泥水进水口与浓缩脱水污泥水排泥口设在过滤组件的下侧,所述的浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水口设在过滤组件的上侧。The concentrated dewatered sludge water inlet and the concentrated dewatered sludge water outlet are arranged on the lower side of the filter assembly, and the concentrated dewatered sludge water filter outlet is arranged on the upper side of the filter assembly.
所述的过滤组件为过滤网。The filter component is a filter net.
所述的过滤网为双层结构,下侧为150目过滤网,上侧为500目过滤网。The filter screen is a double-layer structure, the lower side is a 150-mesh filter screen, and the upper side is a 500-mesh filter screen.
所述的过滤单元为一锥形体,所述的混合反应单元和沉淀单元共用一个锥形体,且混合反应单元的底部与沉淀单元连通。The filtering unit is a cone, the mixing reaction unit and the precipitation unit share a cone, and the bottom of the mixing reaction unit communicates with the precipitation unit.
所述的搅拌器为三叶桨式搅拌器。The agitator is a three-bladed paddle agitator.
利用本发明的反应器一体化处理深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水的具体步骤如下:The concrete steps of using the reactor of the present invention to integrate treatment of deep dewatered sludge water and concentrated dewatered sludge water are as follows:
浓缩脱水污泥水首先从浓缩脱水污泥水进水口进入过滤单元并自下而上流动,经过过滤组件(小孔径滤网),浓缩脱水污泥水中的大颗粒在该单元中可直接沉降,小颗粒则可经小孔径滤网过滤去除,并从浓缩脱水污泥水排泥口排出。The concentrated dewatered sludge water first enters the filter unit from the concentrated dewatered sludge water inlet and flows from bottom to top. After passing through the filter assembly (small pore filter), the large particles in the concentrated dewatered sludge water can be directly settled in the unit. Small particles can be filtered through a small pore filter and discharged from the concentrated dewatered sludge outlet.
浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水从浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水口进入到混合反应单元,深度脱水污泥水则按照一定流量比例泵入混合反应单元,深度脱水污泥水中的Ca2+与浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水中的PO4 3-发生沉淀反应,部分有机物会通过协同沉淀的形式去除。The filtered water from the concentrated dewatered sludge water enters the mixed reaction unit from the filtered outlet of the concentrated dewatered sludge water, and the deep dewatered sludge water is pumped into the mixed reaction unit according to a certain flow rate . The PO 4 3- in the filtered sludge water undergoes a precipitation reaction, and some organic matter will be removed through co-precipitation.
在沉淀单元中,浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水和深度脱水污泥水反应形成的沉淀物会在重力作用下沉降,通过沉淀物收集口排出,上清液为净化污泥水,从净化污泥水出口排出。In the sedimentation unit, the sediment formed by the reaction of the concentrated dewatered sludge water and the deep dewatered sludge water will settle under the action of gravity and be discharged through the sediment collection port. The supernatant is purified sludge water, which is obtained from the purified sludge The water outlet is discharged.
与现有技术相比,本发明由于高效过滤装置去除了浓缩脱水污泥水95%以上的悬浮固体,出水浊度低于5NTU,再与深度脱水污泥水混合反应,不仅可以提高污染物去除效果,而且生成沉淀物含磷量也显著提高,有利于污水中磷的资源化。Compared with the prior art, the present invention removes more than 95% of the suspended solids in concentrated dewatered sludge water due to the high-efficiency filter device, and the turbidity of the effluent is lower than 5 NTU, and then mixed with deep dewatered sludge water, which can not only improve the removal of pollutants The effect, and the phosphorus content of the generated sediment is also significantly increased, which is conducive to the resource utilization of phosphorus in sewage.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的反应器的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of reactor of the present invention;
图2为不同的深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水体积比下,传统技术和本发明除磷效率对比示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of comparison of phosphorus removal efficiency between the traditional technology and the present invention under different volume ratios of deep dewatered sludge water and concentrated dewatered sludge water.
图中标号:A为过滤单元,B为混合反应单元,C为沉淀单元,1为浓缩脱水污泥水进水口,2为浓缩脱水污泥水排泥口,3为过滤组件,4为浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水口,5为深度脱水污泥水进水口,6为搅拌器,7为净化污泥水出口,8为沉淀物收集口。Labels in the figure: A is the filter unit, B is the mixing reaction unit, C is the sedimentation unit, 1 is the water inlet of the concentrated dewatered sludge water, 2 is the sludge discharge port of the concentrated dewatered sludge water, 3 is the filter assembly, and 4 is the concentrated dewatering Sludge water filter outlet, 5 is deep dehydration sludge water inlet, 6 is agitator, 7 is purified sludge water outlet, 8 is sediment collection port.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
一体化处理深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水的反应器,如图1所示,该反应器包括一体化设置的过滤单元A、混合反应单元B和沉淀单元C,过滤单元A上设有浓缩脱水污泥水进水口1、浓缩脱水污泥水排泥口2、过滤组件3及浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水口4,混合反应单元B设有深度脱水污泥水进水口5与搅拌器6,沉淀单元C设有沉淀物收集口8及净化污泥水出口7;浓缩脱水污泥水进水口1与浓缩脱水污泥水排泥口2设在过滤组件3的下侧,浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水口4设在过滤组件3的上侧。过滤组件3为过滤网。过滤网为双层结构,下侧为150目过滤网,上侧为500目过滤网。过滤单元A为一锥形体,混合反应单元B和沉淀单元C共用一个锥形体,且混合反应单元B的底部与沉淀单元C连通。搅拌器6为三叶桨式搅拌器。The reactor for integrated treatment of advanced dewatered sludge water and concentrated dewatered sludge water, as shown in Figure 1, the reactor includes an integrated filter unit A, mixing reaction unit B and precipitation unit C, and filter unit A is equipped with Concentrated dewatered sludge water inlet 1, concentrated dewatered sludge water outlet 2, filter assembly 3 and concentrated dewatered sludge water filter outlet 4, mixing reaction unit B is provided with deep dewatered sludge water inlet 5 and stirring 6, the sedimentation unit C is provided with a sediment collection port 8 and a purified sludge water outlet 7; the concentrated dewatered sludge water inlet 1 and the concentrated dewatered sludge water discharge port 2 are arranged on the lower side of the filter assembly 3, and the concentrated dewatered The sludge water filter outlet 4 is arranged on the upper side of the filter assembly 3 . The filter assembly 3 is a filter net. The filter screen is a double-layer structure, the lower side is a 150-mesh filter screen, and the upper side is a 500-mesh filter screen. The filtering unit A is a cone, the mixing reaction unit B and the precipitation unit C share the same cone, and the bottom of the mixing reaction unit B communicates with the precipitation unit C. The stirrer 6 is a three-blade paddle stirrer.
利用该反应器一体化处理深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水的具体步骤如下:The specific steps of using the reactor to treat the advanced dewatered sludge water and the concentrated dewatered sludge water are as follows:
浓缩脱水污泥水首先从浓缩脱水污泥水进水口1进入过滤单元A并自下而上流动,经过过滤组件3(小孔径滤网),浓缩脱水污泥水中的大颗粒在该单元中可直接沉降,小颗粒则可经小孔径滤网过滤去除,并从浓缩脱水污泥水排泥口2排出。The concentrated dewatered sludge water first enters the filter unit A from the concentrated dewatered sludge water inlet 1 and flows from bottom to top, and passes through the filter assembly 3 (small pore filter), and the large particles in the concentrated dewatered sludge water can be removed in this unit. Direct sedimentation, small particles can be removed by filtering through a small-diameter filter, and discharged from the concentrated dewatered sludge water outlet 2.
浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水从浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水口4进入到混合反应单元B,深度脱水污泥水则按照一定流量比例从深度脱水污泥水进水口5泵入混合反应单元B,在三叶桨式搅拌器的搅拌作用下,温度场、浓度场迅速均匀混合,经过一定水力停留时间后充分反应,深度脱水污泥水中的Ca2+与浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水中的PO4 3-发生沉淀反应,部分有机物会通过协同沉淀的形式去除。The concentrated dewatered sludge water filtered water enters the mixed reaction unit B from the concentrated dewatered sludge water filtered outlet 4, and the deep dewatered sludge water is pumped into the mixed reaction unit B from the deep dewatered sludge water inlet 5 according to a certain flow rate. Under the agitation of the three-blade paddle agitator, the temperature field and concentration field are mixed quickly and uniformly, and after a certain hydraulic retention time, they fully react, and the Ca 2+ in the deep dewatered sludge water and the PO in the concentrated dewatered sludge water are filtered out. 4 3- Precipitation reaction occurs, and part of organic matter will be removed through cooperative precipitation.
在沉淀单元C中,浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水和深度脱水污泥水反应形成的沉淀物会在重力作用下沉降,通过沉淀物收集口8排出,上清液为净化污泥水,从净化污泥水出口7排出,进入后续系统。In the sedimentation unit C, the sediment formed by the reaction of the concentrated dewatered sludge water and the deep dewatered sludge water will settle under the action of gravity and be discharged through the sediment collection port 8. The supernatant is purified sludge water, which is obtained from the purification The sludge water is discharged from outlet 7 and enters the follow-up system.
实施例2Example 2
利用实施例1描述的一体化处理深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水的反应器,在上海市白龙港污水处理厂开展了深度脱水污泥水处理浓缩脱水污泥水现场试验,浓缩脱水污泥水处理水量为200L/d。浓缩脱水污泥水和深度脱水污泥水正磷浓度分别为10.32mg/L和0.08mg/L,Ca2+浓度分别为72.54mg/L和3057.11mg/L。浓缩脱水污泥水原水由浓缩脱水污泥水进水口1进入过滤单元A,先经过150目微网,再经500目微网过滤,水力停留时间30min,排泥周期2h。浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水从浓缩脱水污泥水过滤出水口4进入混合反应单元B,与由深度脱水污泥水进水口5进入的深度脱水污泥水在搅拌强度G=100s-1的三叶桨式搅拌器下均匀混合,水力停留时间30min。经反应后生成的含磷固体产物在重力和水力条件作用下进入沉淀单元C,固液分离,固体沉淀在底部积累,并从沉淀物收集口8排出,排泥周期4h,反应后的净化污泥水由净化污泥水出口7进出,水力停留时间45min。Utilizing the reactor for the integrated treatment of deep dewatered sludge water and concentrated dewatered sludge water described in Example 1, a field test of deep dewatered sludge water treatment concentrated dewatered sludge water was carried out at Shanghai Bailonggang Wastewater Treatment Plant. The water treatment volume of dewatered sludge water is 200L/d. The concentrations of orthophosphorus in concentrated dewatered sludge water and deep dewatered sludge water were 10.32mg/L and 0.08mg/L, and the concentrations of Ca 2+ were 72.54mg/L and 3057.11mg/L respectively. The concentrated dewatered sludge water enters the filter unit A from the concentrated dewatered sludge water inlet 1, first passes through a 150-mesh micro-mesh, and then is filtered through a 500-mesh micro-mesh, the hydraulic retention time is 30 minutes, and the sludge discharge cycle is 2 hours. The concentrated dewatered sludge water filtered water enters the mixed reaction unit B from the concentrated dewatered sludge water filtered outlet 4, and the deep dewatered sludge water entered from the deep dewatered sludge water inlet 5 is in the third phase of stirring intensity G = 100s -1 Mix evenly under a paddle agitator, and the hydraulic retention time is 30min. The phosphorus-containing solid product generated after the reaction enters the precipitation unit C under the action of gravity and hydraulic conditions, and the solid and liquid are separated. The solid precipitate accumulates at the bottom and is discharged from the sediment collection port 8. The sludge discharge period is 4 hours. The purified sewage after the reaction is The muddy water enters and exits through the outlet 7 of the purified sludge water, and the hydraulic retention time is 45 minutes.
在不同的深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水体积比下,分别采用传统技术及利用该反应器进行一体化处理深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水,Under different volume ratios of deep dewatered sludge water and concentrated dewatered sludge water, the conventional technology and the reactor are used for integrated treatment of deep dewatered sludge water and concentrated dewatered sludge water,
传统的浓缩脱水技术处理是指:向浓缩脱水污泥水中投加铝盐、铁盐或聚丙烯酰胺等混凝剂后,采用搅拌反应和沉淀物沉积的方式来对浓缩脱水污泥水进行处理。该技术不仅需投加大量的药剂,且污泥液中的悬浮物会造成除磷效率下降,大量污泥絮体进入沉淀物,造成沉淀物含磷量较低。The traditional concentrated dewatering technology treatment refers to: After adding coagulants such as aluminum salt, iron salt or polyacrylamide to the concentrated dewatered sludge water, the concentrated dewatered sludge water is treated by stirring reaction and sediment deposition. . This technology not only needs to add a large amount of chemicals, but also the suspended matter in the sludge liquid will cause the phosphorus removal efficiency to drop, and a large amount of sludge flocs will enter the sediment, resulting in a low phosphorus content in the sediment.
采用深度脱水污泥水处理固液分离前后的浓缩脱水污泥水的除磷效率如图2所示,图中横坐标:深/浓表示深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水体积比,原水是指未经固液分离处理的浓缩脱水污泥水,上清液是指固液分离处理后的浓缩脱水污泥水。The dephosphorization efficiency of concentrated dewatered sludge water before and after solid-liquid separation using deep dewatered sludge water treatment is shown in Figure 2. The abscissa in the figure: deep/concentrated represents the volume ratio of deep dewatered sludge water to concentrated dewatered sludge water, Raw water refers to concentrated dewatered sludge water without solid-liquid separation treatment, and supernatant refers to concentrated dewatered sludge water after solid-liquid separation treatment.
用本一体化反应器处理两种污泥水得到的上清液,除磷效率明显高于传统含高浓度悬浮物污泥水混合下的除磷效率。当深度脱水污泥水与浓缩脱水污泥水体积比8%时,增加过滤组件后除磷效率由82.4%增加至92.2%,生成沉淀物含磷量(以P2O5计)由10.3%提高至16.8%,沉淀物含磷量的上升更有利于磷的资源化利用。The phosphorus removal efficiency of the supernatant liquid obtained by treating two kinds of sludge water with the integrated reactor is obviously higher than the phosphorus removal efficiency of the traditional sludge water mixture containing high concentration of suspended matter. When the volume ratio of deep dewatered sludge water to concentrated dewatered sludge water is 8%, the phosphorus removal efficiency increases from 82.4% to 92.2 % after adding filter components, and the phosphorus content of the generated sediment (calculated as P2O5 ) increases from 10.3% Increased to 16.8%, the increase of phosphorus content in sediment is more conducive to the resource utilization of phosphorus.
以上所述仅是本发明的实施方式的举例,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变型,这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。The foregoing is only an example of the embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and Modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
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