CN103760397A - Two-measuring range voltage measuring instrument - Google Patents
Two-measuring range voltage measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN103760397A CN103760397A CN201110459590.0A CN201110459590A CN103760397A CN 103760397 A CN103760397 A CN 103760397A CN 201110459590 A CN201110459590 A CN 201110459590A CN 103760397 A CN103760397 A CN 103760397A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a two-measuring range voltage measuring instrument. According to the two-measuring range voltage measuring instrument, a first stepping disk is a measuring disk formed by 15 1-ohm resistors; a second stepping disk is composed of a measuring disk and a replacement disk, wherein the measuring disk is formed by 10 0.1-ohm resistors; each contact of a third stepping disk, a fourth stepping disk and a fifth stepping disk are connected with corresponding contacts on the measuring disk in the second stepping disk, such that the third stepping disk, the fourth stepping disk and the fifth stepping disk do not need any resistors, and therefore, total voltage drop on lead resistors inside the voltage measuring instrument can be reduced to zero, and the influence of zero potential and thermoelectric potential can be ignored when the voltage measuring instrument is used for measurement.
Description
Technical field
The instrument that the present invention relates to DC voltage to measure.
Background technology
The current voltage-measuring equipment for there being five step discs, in the connection between five step discs, telophragma generally adopts switching over, so just produces the variation of contact resistance, to resolution, brings restriction.In order to overcome this problem, generally adopt large brush with enlarge active surface, and adopt silver-carbon/carbon-copper composite material; Application number 200810121910.X discloses the new method that has the voltage-measuring equipment of five step discs to solve switch contact resistance variation, its five step discs all by measurement, are coiled and replacement dish forms, not containing bracket panel, on each measurement dish and replacement dish, there is resistance, measurement dish and replacement dish on its five step discs have formed bridge circuit in circuit, the defect of its maximum is that error is not independent, once it is overproof that certain some indicating value is coiled in measurement, just cannot determine which resistance is overproof causes, this makes troubles to identifying with maintenance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to design a kind of two range voltage-measuring equipments that have five step discs, it does not adopt bridge circuit, and error can be independent, and rear three step discs only have measurement dish, on measurement dish, there is no resistance, and this can reduce costs, and reduces instrument volume.
Technical scheme of the present invention is taked like this: from two range voltage-measuring equipment 3V working power positive poles through 260 Ω resistance R
0, the adjustable resistance R that formed by 23 10 Ω resistance
p1, the adjustable resistance R of range of adjustment between 0～11 Ω
p2, the adjustable resistance R of range of adjustment between 0～0.1 Ω
p3, then form two range voltage-measuring equipment work loops through the negative pole that five step discs are got back to two range voltage-measuring equipment working powers; Unsaturated standard cell E
nanodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts
2to 407 Ω, set up resistance R
nand the adjustable resistance R of range of adjustment lockable sliding contact between 0～1 Ω
p4pass through again 150K Ω resistance R
10to standard cell E
nnegative pole forms two range pressure measuring instrument standard loops; Be used for connecting measured " U
x" two terminals, anodal terminal is after five measurement dishes, then through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts
2to negative pole terminal, form two range voltage-measuring equipment equalizing networks; The first step disc has measurement dish I, it has 0,1,2 ... 15 totally 16 gears, there are 15 1 Ω resistance above, except the 0th, the 1st contact, between each grade of contact, connect one of 1 Ω resistance, each measurement dish II and replacement dish II ' consisting of 10 0.1 Ω resistance of the second step disc forms, the measurement dish III of the 3rd step disc, each contact on the measurement dish IV of the 4th step disc, the measurement dish V of the 5th step disc connects with the corresponding contact on measurement dish II in the second step disc, adjustable resistance R
p3electronegative potential one end be circuit node C, node C mono-tunnel is through 8 Ω resistance R
1after node D, be divided into again two-way, one tunnel connects the 15th contact on first step disc measurement dish I, upper the 1st contact of measurement dish I after a 1 Ω resistance with the second step disc in the 0th contact tie point of measurement dish II be circuit node A, upper the 0th contact of measurement dish I is also connected with node A; Another road is through 10 Ω resistance R
2rear connecting circuit node A, the Metal Contact ring of measurement dish V is through 1000K Ω resistance R
3, measurement dish IV Metal Contact ring through 100K Ω resistance R
4, measurement dish III Metal Contact ring through 10K Ω resistance R
5all be connected in circuit node B, the 10th contact of replacement dish II ' is through 999 Ω resistance R
6b is connected with circuit node, and circuit node A is through 719.9424 Ω resistance R
7connecting circuit Node B, Node B connects double-point double-throw switch K
1middle K
1-1layer * 1 range contact and K
1-2layer * 0.1 range contact, another road of node C is through 46 Ω resistance R
8connect double-point double-throw switch K
1middle K
1-1layer * 0.1 range contact, double-point double-throw switch K
1middle K
1-1layer and K
1-2the normally closed contact of layer connects with wire, double-point double-throw switch K
1middle K
1-2layer * 0.1 range contact is through 372.6 Ω resistance R
9with K
1-2layer * resistance R is set up through 407 Ω after connecting in 1 range contact
nand adjustable resistance R
p4, connect two range voltage-measuring equipment 3V working power negative poles, for connecting measured " U
x" two measure terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the Metal Contact ring of measurement dish I, negative pole terminal is through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts
2be connected with the 10th contact of measurement dish II afterwards.
By above technical scheme, the first, the 3rd, the 4th, the 5th step disc replacement dish not all, and all there is no resistance on the measurement dish of the 3rd, the 4th, the 5th step disc, five step disc errors are independent, the identical stepping error of rear four step discs is consistent, and this brings convenience to debugging and maintenance; Also make voltage-measuring equipment simple in structure, volume-diminished, thus reduced production cost; When five measurement dish resets of voltage-measuring equipment, the internal wiring combined potential of voltage-measuring equipment is A point current potential, and some current potentials are " 0 ", so the zero potential of this voltage-measuring equipment is zero; The thermoelectrical potential of rear four several μ V of each branch road of step disc is all connected in 1V voltage drop, so thermoelectrical potential is to " U
x" two measure terminals impact and can ignore; Equalizing network resistance is almost constant, can effectively guarantee that galvanometer, normally working under damping, even if signal voltage is very little, also can obtain larger marking current.This standard of instruments working current is little, is designed to 2.5mA, with No. 1 rear series connection of dry cell parallel connection of two group of three joint, just can be used as 3V power supply, and very stable, and voltage reference adopts unsaturated standard cell, and whole instrument just becomes portable type.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is principle of the invention circuit.
In Fig. 1, upper 15 * 1 Ω of the first step disc measurement dish I, expression measurement dish I by 15 1 Ω resistance, formed, in like manner, adjustable resistance R
p1the expression adjustable resistance R of upper 23 * 10 Ω
p1by 23 10 Ω resistance, formed.
In Fig. 1, on step disc and temperature compensation dish, thick black line represents Metal Contact ring, and hollow small circle represents hard contact, and four-headed arrow represents metallic brush.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, between node A, B, in the second step disc, measurement dish II is identical with the resistance value of each stepping of replacement dish II ', all 0.1 Ω, the measurement dish II resistance that every stepping increases in circuit equals the resistance that the every stepping of replacement dish II ' reduces, thus between node A, B in the second step disc resistance constant;
Resistance from node D to node A is 14 Ω, between node A, B, resistance is 400 Ω, resistance totally 414 Ω between node C, B, two range voltage-measuring equipment standard operation current design become 2.5mA, at * 1 range, 2.5mA working current is divided into two-way at node D, and a road is through resistance 15 Ω on the measurement dish I of first step disc, and another road is through resistance R
2be 10 Ω, so flowing through the ohmically electric current of measurement dish I is that 1mA flows through resistance R
2on electric current be 1.5mA, voltage-measuring equipment 2.5mA working current is divided into five tunnels after node A: a road is through measurement dish III, and a road is through measurement dish IV, and a road is through measurement dish V, and another road is through the second step disc, and Zai Yi road is through 719.9424 Ω resistance R
7, four road electric currents meet at Node B.Except process resistance R
7outside branch road, each branch road resistance ratio between node A, Node B: measurement dish V: measurement dish IV: measurement dish III: the second step disc=1000: 100: 10: 1, so, except flowing through resistance R
7outside branch road, flow through each branch current ratio between node A, Node B and be: measurement dish V: measurement dish IV: measurement dish III: the second step disc=1: 10: 100: 1000, except resistance R
7outside branch road, between node A, Node B, resistance is 1000K Ω/1111, allows the total current that flows through measurement dish V, measurement dish IV, measurement dish III and the second step disc be 1.111mA, flows through resistance R
7electric current be 1.389mA, 1.389mA * R
7=1000K Ω/1111 * 1.111mA, resistance R
7=719.9424 Ω.Voltage-measuring equipment 2.5mA working current is through resistance R
7shunting, making to flow through measurement dish V electric current is 0.001mA, and measurement dish IV electric current is 0.01mA, and the 3rd step disc electric current is 0.1mA, and the second step disc electric current is 1mA;
After working current standardization, I measurement dish is thrown n
1, II measurement dish is thrown n
2, III measurement dish is thrown n
3, IV measurement dish is thrown n
4, V measurement dish is thrown n
5, K switch
2throw to the left side, be at this moment positioned at voltage between two terminals of measurement and be:
U
X＝1×1n
1+1×0.1n
2+0.1×0.1n
3+0.01×0.1n
4+0.001×0.1n
5(mv)
＝n
1+0.1n
2+0.01n
3+0.001n
4+0.0001n
5(mv)
When * 0.1 range, from node C process node D to K switch
1middle K
1-1layer * resistance between 1 range contact is 414 Ω resistance and 46 Ω resistance R
8parallel connection, the electric current that therefore flows through the first step disc is 0.1mA, flows through resistance R
2electric current be 0.15mA, flow through resistance R
8electric current be 2.25mA, the resistance that parallel connection reduces by series connection 372.6 Ω resistance R
9come holding circuit resistance constant.At this moment the first step disc is put n
1, the second step disc puts n
2, the 3rd step disc puts n
3, the 4th step disc puts n
4, the 5th step disc puts n
5, " U
x" two measure voltage between terminal and be:
U
X＝0.1×1n
1+0.1×0.1n
2+0.01×0.1n
3+0.001×0.1n
4+0.0001×0.1n
5(mv)
＝0.1n
1+0.01n
2+0.001n
3+0.0001n
4+0.00001n
5(mv)
The every series-produced electromotive force of unsaturated standard cell is discrete, and between 1.0188V～1.0196V, standardized working current is 2.5mA, therefore sets up resistance R
nget 407 Ω, the lockable adjustable resistance R of additional 0～1 Ω
p4, can cover the variation range of unsaturated standard cell electromotive force.
When dry cell is new, electromotive force is about 1.65V, with old to 1.4V when following, electric current shakiness, in order to make dry cell can make the working current of voltage-measuring equipment be adjusted to standardization under new, former affection condition, resistance R for this reason
0get 260 Ω, the adjustable resistance R of coarse adjustment
p1by 23 10 Ω resistance, formed the adjustable resistance R of middle tune
p2get range of adjustment between 0～11 Ω, the adjustable resistance R of fine tuning
p3get range of adjustment between 0～0.1 Ω, like this, when working power voltage is during at 2.7～3.3V, can, by regulating adjustable resistance, working current be adjusted in to 2.5mA.
Normalized current is to determine like this: 10mV standard signal voltage by polarity and voltage-measuring equipment " U
x" two measure terminal and connect, voltage-measuring equipment step disc indicating value is identical with standard signal magnitude of voltage, double-point double-throw switch K
2throw to the left side, regulate adjustable resistance R
p1, adjustable resistance R
p2, adjustable resistance R
p3, make galvanometer G nulling; Again by double-point double-throw switch K
2throw to the right, regulate adjustable resistance R
p4, make galvanometer G nulling, at this moment adjustable resistance R
p4locking; When voltage-measuring equipment will be used from now on, be standard according to this.
Claims (1)
1. two range voltage-measuring equipments, from two range voltage-measuring equipment 3V working power positive poles through 260 Ω resistance R
0, the adjustable resistance R that formed by 23 10 Ω resistance
p1, the adjustable resistance R of range of adjustment between 0～11 Ω
p2, the adjustable resistance R of range of adjustment between 0～0.1 Ω
p3, then form two range voltage-measuring equipment work loops through the negative pole that five step discs are got back to two range voltage-measuring equipment working powers; Standard cell E
nanodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts
2to 407 Ω, set up resistance R
nand the adjustable resistance R of range of adjustment lockable sliding contact between 0～1 Ω
p4, then pass through 150K Ω resistance R
10to standard cell E
nnegative pole forms two range pressure measuring instrument standard loops; Be used for connecting measured " U
x" two terminals, anodal terminal is after five measurement dishes, then through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts
2to negative pole terminal, form two range voltage-measuring equipment equalizing networks; It is characterized in that the first step disc has measurement dish I, it has 0,1,2 ... 15 totally 16 gears, there are 15 1 Ω resistance above, except the 0th, the 1st contact, between each grade of contact, connect one of 1 Ω resistance, each measurement dish II and replacement dish II ' consisting of 10 0.1 Ω resistance of the second step disc forms, the measurement dish III of the 3rd step disc, each contact on the measurement dish IV of the 4th step disc, the measurement dish V of the 5th step disc connects with the corresponding contact on measurement dish II in the second step disc, adjustable resistance R
p3electronegative potential one end be circuit node C, node C mono-tunnel is through 8 Ω resistance R
1after node D, be divided into again two-way, one tunnel connects the 15th contact on first step disc measurement dish I, upper the 1st contact of measurement dish I after a 1 Ω resistance with the second step disc in the 0th contact tie point of measurement dish II be circuit node A, upper the 0th contact of measurement dish I is also connected with node A; Another road is through 10 Ω resistance R
2rear connecting circuit node A, the Metal Contact ring of measurement dish V is through 1000K Ω resistance R
3, measurement dish IV Metal Contact ring through 100K Ω resistance R
4, measurement dish III Metal Contact ring through 10K Ω resistance R
5all be connected in circuit node B, the 10th contact of replacement dish II ' is through 999 Ω resistance R
6b is connected with circuit node, and circuit node A is through 719.9424 Ω resistance R
7connecting circuit Node B, Node B connects double-point double-throw switch K
1middle K
1-1layer * 1 range contact and K
1-2layer * 0.1 range contact, another road of node C is through 46 Ω resistance R
8connect double-point double-throw switch K
1middle K
1-1layer * 0.1 range contact, double-point double-throw switch K
1middle K
1-1layer and K
1-2the normally closed contact of layer connects with wire, double-point double-throw switch K
1middle K
1-2layer * 0.1 range contact is through 372.6 Ω resistance R
9with K
1-2layer * resistance R is set up through 407 Ω after connecting in 1 range contact
nand adjustable resistance R
p4, connect two range voltage-measuring equipment 3V working power negative poles, for connecting measured " U
x" two measure terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the Metal Contact ring of measurement dish I, negative pole terminal is through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts
2be connected with the 10th contact of measurement dish II afterwards.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110459590.0A CN103760397A (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2011-12-30 | Two-measuring range voltage measuring instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110459590.0A CN103760397A (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2011-12-30 | Two-measuring range voltage measuring instrument |
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|---|---|
| CN103760397A true CN103760397A (en) | 2014-04-30 |
Family
ID=50527667
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110459590.0A Pending CN103760397A (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2011-12-30 | Two-measuring range voltage measuring instrument |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104101754A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-15 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Micro-electric potential measurement instrument |
| CN104101759A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-15 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Potentiometer with five stepping plates |
| CN104111363A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-22 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Potentiometer with temperature compensation table |
| CN104111364A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-22 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Voltage measuring device with five step panels |
| CN104111362A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-22 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Voltage measurement instrument with dry battery as power source |
| CN104133102A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-11-05 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Voltage measurement instrument capable of increasing measurement range by changing work current |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104101754A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-15 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Micro-electric potential measurement instrument |
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| CN104111363A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-22 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Potentiometer with temperature compensation table |
| CN104111364A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-22 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Voltage measuring device with five step panels |
| CN104111362A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-22 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Voltage measurement instrument with dry battery as power source |
| CN104133102A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-11-05 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Voltage measurement instrument capable of increasing measurement range by changing work current |
| CN104101759B (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2017-02-01 | 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 | Potentiometer with five stepping plates |
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Application publication date: 20140430 |
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