CN103758527A - Method for determining soil warehouse control pressure of ground pass shield tunneling machine - Google Patents
Method for determining soil warehouse control pressure of ground pass shield tunneling machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种确定地面出入式盾构隧道施工盾构机土仓控制压力合理范围的方法，采用试验测试—数值模拟计算—理论判断相结合的方法；对现场隧道施工土体取样并进行性能测试，依据试验数据和隧道具体实际情况，建立与符合现场施工条件的地面出入式盾构隧道施工分析模型并进行计算，通过确定隧道施工段开挖地层侧向土压力、土仓中心平衡压力和土仓前方土体主应力，并结合土体摩尔-库伦破坏准则判别土仓前方的土体单元的破坏情况，最终确定地面出入式盾构隧道施工盾构机土仓控制压力的合理范围。本方法可在隧道施工推进的同时，根据不同施工条件和状态，进行实时分析确定出土仓压力的合理范围，具有适用广、可靠性高、应用方便的特点。
The invention provides a method for determining the reasonable range of the control pressure of the shield machine soil chamber for the construction of the ground access shield tunnel, which adopts the method of combining test test-numerical simulation calculation-theoretical judgment; sampling the soil body of the tunnel construction on site and performing a performance test Test, based on the test data and the actual situation of the tunnel, establish and calculate the construction analysis model of the ground access shield tunnel that meets the on-site construction conditions, and determine the lateral earth pressure of the excavation stratum, the center balance pressure of the soil bin and the The principal stress of the soil in front of the soil silo, combined with the soil Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion to judge the damage of the soil unit in front of the soil silo, and finally determine the reasonable range of the control pressure of the shield machine earth silo for the construction of the ground access shield tunnel. The method can carry out real-time analysis to determine the reasonable range of the pressure of the excavation chamber according to different construction conditions and states while the tunnel construction is advancing, and has the characteristics of wide application, high reliability and convenient application.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属盾构隧道工程施工领域，涉及一种确定地面出入式盾构施工盾构机土仓控制压力的方法，可以适用于设定地面出入式这一特殊盾构隧道施工的盾构机土仓控制压力范围。 The invention belongs to the field of shield tunnel engineering construction, and relates to a method for determining the control pressure of the soil chamber of a shield machine for ground access shield tunnel construction, which can be applied to setting the shield machine soil for the special shield tunnel construction of ground access type The chamber controls the pressure range.
背景技术 Background technique
随着城市地面空间用地的紧张，城市基础设施建设和城市空间布局向地下调整已是城市发展的必然趋势。盾构法隧道由于对周围环境影响较小、适应软弱地质条件、施工速度快等优点，在地下工程建设中得到广泛应用。 With the shortage of land for urban ground space, it is an inevitable trend of urban development to adjust urban infrastructure construction and urban spatial layout to the underground. Due to the advantages of less impact on the surrounding environment, adaptation to weak geological conditions, and fast construction speed, shield tunneling is widely used in underground engineering construction.
地面出入式盾构隧道施工法是一种无需工作井，盾构机从地表直接始发掘进，最后盾构机可在设定目标地点直接掘进到地表的施工方法；地面出入式盾构隧道施工法比普通土压盾构隧道施工法具有工期短、造价低、占地面积小等特点；是一种具有良好的社会经济效益新型盾构隧道施工方法，有着广阔的应用空间。 The ground access shield tunnel construction method is a construction method that does not require a working well, the shield machine directly excavates from the surface, and finally the shield machine can directly excavate to the surface at the set target location; the construction method of the ground access shield tunnel Compared with the ordinary earth pressure shield tunneling method, the method has the characteristics of short construction period, low cost, and small footprint; it is a new shield tunnel construction method with good social and economic benefits, and has a broad application space.
盾构机土仓控制压力是地面出入式盾构施工工艺中最重要的工艺参数，是控制地面出入式盾构隧道施工对周围环境影响的最主要控制目标之一。于其他土压盾构相比，地面出入式盾构施工要经历从正常覆土到浅覆土再到超浅覆土最终到负覆土这一过程，因此地面出入式盾构对盾构机土仓控制压力的合理选取更为严格，对施工的顺利实施更为重要。 The control pressure of the earth chamber of the shield machine is the most important technological parameter in the construction process of the ground access shield tunnel, and one of the most important control objectives to control the impact of the ground access shield tunnel construction on the surrounding environment. Compared with other earth pressure shields, the construction of the ground-access shield has to go through the process from normal overburden to shallow overburden to ultra-shallow overburden and finally to negative overburden. The reasonable selection of is more strict, and it is more important for the smooth implementation of construction.
目前普通土压盾构土仓压力的确定方法主要是采用经验公式进行简单计算。地面出入式盾构隧道施工中，覆土厚度和地层状况发生较大变化，经验公式很难对整个过程进行有效的设定；同时，影响地面出入式盾构施工盾构机土仓控制压力设定的其他因素繁多，包括：地下水位、地下构筑物的分布、盾构的直径和形状等等。因此，一种适合地面出入式盾构隧道施工特点，并能够结合不同地质条件、周围环境和施工条件，确定盾构机土仓控制压力合理范围的方法是极其迫切和十分必要的。 At present, the method of determining the pressure of the soil chamber of ordinary earth pressure shields is mainly to use empirical formulas for simple calculation. During the construction of the ground access shield tunnel, the thickness of the covering soil and the condition of the stratum change greatly, and the empirical formula is difficult to effectively set the whole process; at the same time, it affects the setting of the control pressure of the shield machine's soil chamber during the construction of the ground access shield tunnel. There are many other factors, including: the groundwater level, the distribution of underground structures, the diameter and shape of the shield, and so on. Therefore, it is extremely urgent and necessary to find a method that is suitable for the construction characteristics of the ground access shield tunnel and can combine different geological conditions, surrounding environment and construction conditions to determine the reasonable range of the control pressure of the shield machine soil chamber.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
为了达到满足适合地面出入式盾构隧道施工特点的目的，本发明采用试验测试—数值模拟计算—理论判断相结合的方法，提供了一种确定地面出入式盾构隧道施工盾构机土仓控制压力的设定方式。 In order to achieve the purpose of meeting the construction characteristics of the ground-access shield tunnel, the present invention adopts a method of combining test test-numerical simulation calculation-theoretical judgment, and provides a method for determining the soil bin control of the ground-access shield tunnel construction shield machine. How the pressure is set.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是： The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:
一种确定地面出入式盾构隧道施工盾构机土仓控制压力合理范围的方法，采用试验测试—数值模拟计算—理论判断相结合的方法；具体实施步骤如下： A method for determining the reasonable range of the control pressure of the earth chamber of the shield machine for the construction of the ground access shield tunnel, which adopts the method of combining experimental testing-numerical simulation calculation-theoretical judgment; the specific implementation steps are as follows:
（1）进行现场隧道施工土体性能测试试验；具体步骤如下： (1) Conduct on-site tunnel construction soil performance test; the specific steps are as follows:
1）根据现场地质情况，对各层土体选取相应的取土方案；每层土体取3-4块试块；在取土时，应避免对土体的扰动； 1) According to the geological conditions of the site, select the corresponding soil sampling plan for each layer of soil; take 3-4 test blocks for each layer of soil; when soil is taken, disturbance to the soil should be avoided;
2）将试块放置于剪切盒中，剪切盒与试块间隙应用膨胀水泥砂浆填充； 2) Place the test block in the shear box, and the gap between the shear box and the test block should be filled with expansive cement mortar;
3）施加垂直压力，进行试块土体压缩，压力按等量分成3至4级逐渐增大，直至试块土体垂直变形稳定； 3) Apply vertical pressure to compress the soil of the test block, and the pressure is divided into 3 to 4 levels in equal amounts and gradually increased until the vertical deformation of the soil of the test block is stable;
4）施加剪力，进行试块土体剪切，剪力每隔1min等量加载一次并记录相应的剪切力及剪切变形量；当试块土体剪切变形急剧增加或者剪切变形达到试样尺寸的1/10时，认为土体破坏； 4) Apply shear force to shear the soil of the test block. The shear force is loaded equally every 1 minute and the corresponding shear force and shear deformation are recorded; when the shear deformation of the test block soil increases sharply or the shear deformation When it reaches 1/10 of the sample size, it is considered that the soil is destroyed;
5）绘制抗剪强度与垂直压力的关系曲线，确定相应各土层土体的内摩擦角 
（2）建立地面出入式盾构隧道施工数值计算模型，进行地面出入式盾构隧道施工数值模拟；其具体步骤如下： (2) Establish a numerical calculation model for the construction of ground access shield tunnels, and carry out numerical simulation of the construction of ground access shield tunnels; the specific steps are as follows:
1）根据地面出入式盾构隧道施工实际地质条件和周围环境，建立隧道施工非线性有限元模拟模型； 1) According to the actual geological conditions and surrounding environment of the ground access shield tunnel construction, a nonlinear finite element simulation model for tunnel construction is established;
2）土体采用弹塑性本构关系，设置自由面、对称面和法向位移约束等边界条件，采用有限元方法进行数值模拟。 2) The elastic-plastic constitutive relation is adopted for the soil, boundary conditions such as free surface, symmetric surface and normal displacement constraints are set, and numerical simulation is carried out by finite element method.
（3）施加地面出入式盾构隧道施工段土体自重及地面超载作用力进行非线性有限元数值模拟计算，得到隧道施工初始地应力场，从而确定地面出入式盾构隧道施工段开挖断面地层原始侧向土压力； (3) Non-linear finite element numerical simulation calculation is carried out by applying the soil weight and ground overload force in the construction section of the ground access shield tunnel, and the initial in-situ stress field of the tunnel construction is obtained, so as to determine the excavation section of the construction section of the ground access shield tunnel The original lateral earth pressure of the formation;
（4）将地面出入式盾构隧道开挖断面原始地层侧向土压力设置为土仓压力，作为力边界条件施加并进行非线性有限元数值模拟计算；以土仓中心点位移作为判定指标，判别土仓中心是否达到力的平衡；通过进行数值试验，如果土仓中心点位移为正，表示压力过大；反之，表示压力偏小；土仓中心位移绝对值最小，近似为零时，确定出土仓中心平衡压力即土仓压力； (4) Set the lateral earth pressure of the original stratum in the excavation section of the ground access shield tunnel as the soil bin pressure, apply it as a force boundary condition and perform nonlinear finite element numerical simulation calculation; take the displacement of the center point of the soil bin as the judgment index, Determine whether the center of the soil bin has reached the balance of force; through numerical experiments, if the displacement of the center point of the soil bin is positive, it means that the pressure is too large; otherwise, it means that the pressure is too small; when the absolute value of the center displacement of the soil bin is the smallest, approximately zero, determine The balance pressure at the center of the unearthed bin is the soil bin pressure;
（5）将所确定的土仓压力，作为力边界条件施加并进行非线性有限元数值模拟计算，得到土仓前方土体的应力状态，确定土仓前方土体单元主应力； (5) Apply the determined soil silo pressure as a force boundary condition and perform nonlinear finite element numerical simulation calculations to obtain the stress state of the soil in front of the silo and determine the principal stress of the soil element in front of the silo;
（6）改变土仓压力比，结合莫尔-库仑强度理论，进行土仓前方土体单元破坏情况的判断，确定地面出入式盾构隧道施工盾构机土仓控制压力设定范围。 (6) Change the pressure ratio of the soil bin and combine the Mohr-Coulomb strength theory to judge the damage of the soil unit in front of the soil bin, and determine the control pressure setting range of the earth bin for the construction of the ground-access shield tunnel.
在地面出入式盾构隧道施工过程中，通过控制土仓中心点压力来保持土仓前方土体稳定，不被破坏。故定义压力比为： During the construction of the ground access shield tunnel, the soil in front of the soil bin is kept stable and not damaged by controlling the pressure at the center point of the soil bin. So define the pressure ratio for:
式中
结合莫尔-库仑强度理论，进行土仓前方土体单元破坏情况的判断。土仓前方土体破坏面上的抗剪强度
式中
不断增大或减小
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下突出的实质性特点和显著地优点： Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following prominent substantive features and significant advantages:
本发明采用试验测试—数值模拟计算—理论判断相结合的方法，根据地面出入式盾构隧道施工不同地质条件、周围环境和施工特点，通过数值模拟计算，结合土体摩尔-库伦破坏准，准确地确定出地面出入式盾构隧道施工盾构机土仓控制压力的合理范围。本方法摆脱了以往根据经验公式确定土仓压力，而导致施工风险较大的问题，以及理论方法不能连续分析的问题；同时，本方法可在隧道施工推进的同时，根据不同施工条件和状态，进行实时分析确定出土仓压力的合理范围，具有适用广、可靠性高、应用方便的特点。 The present invention adopts the combination method of experimental test-numerical simulation calculation-theoretical judgment, according to the different geological conditions, surrounding environment and construction characteristics of ground access shield tunnel construction, through numerical simulation calculation, combined with soil Mohr-Coulomb failure accuracy, accurate It is necessary to accurately determine the reasonable range of the control pressure of the earth chamber of the shield machine for the construction of the ground access shield tunnel. This method gets rid of the problem of high construction risk caused by determining the pressure of the soil bin based on the empirical formula in the past, and the problem that the theoretical method cannot be continuously analyzed; at the same time, this method can be used according to different construction conditions and states while the tunnel construction is advancing. Real-time analysis is carried out to determine the reasonable range of the pressure of the excavation chamber, which has the characteristics of wide application, high reliability and convenient application. the
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1 本发明方法的操作流程图。 Fig. 1 is the operation flowchart of the inventive method.
图2 本发明的地面出入式盾构隧道施工数值模拟模型图。 Fig. 2 is a numerical simulation model diagram of the construction of the ground access type shield tunnel of the present invention.
图3 本发明土仓前方土体单元示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the soil unit in front of the soil bin of the present invention.
图4 本发明土仓前方土体失稳至劈裂破坏过程图。 Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the process from instability to splitting failure of the soil in front of the soil bin of the present invention.
图5本发明土仓前方土体失稳至坍塌破坏过程图。 Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the process from instability to collapse of the soil mass in front of the soil silo of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明： Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described:
如图1所示，一种确定地面出入式盾构隧道施工盾构机土仓控制压力合理范围的方法，采用试验测试—数值模拟计算—理论判断相结合的方法；对现场隧道施工土体取样并进行性能测试，依据试验数据和隧道具体实际情况，建立与符合现场施工条件的地面出入式盾构隧道施工分析模型并进行计算，通过确定隧道施工段开挖地层侧向土压力、土仓中心平衡压力和土仓前方土体主应力，并结合土体摩尔-库伦破坏准则判别土仓前方的土体单元的破坏情况，最终确定地面出入式盾构隧道施工盾构机土仓控制压力的合理范围。 As shown in Figure 1, a method to determine the reasonable range of the control pressure of the shield machine soil chamber in the construction of the ground-access shield tunnel adopts the method of combining experimental testing-numerical simulation calculation-theoretical judgment; sampling the soil mass of the tunnel construction site And conduct performance test, according to the test data and the specific actual situation of the tunnel, establish and calculate the construction analysis model of the ground access shield tunnel that meets the site construction conditions, and determine the lateral earth pressure of the excavation stratum and the center Balance the pressure and the principal stress of the soil in front of the soil silo, and combine the soil Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion to judge the damage of the soil unit in front of the soil silo, and finally determine the reasonableness of the control pressure of the shield machine earth silo in the construction of the ground access shield tunnel. scope.
（1）进行现场隧道施工土体性能测试试验。现场取样进行土体原位直剪试验，得到土体的内摩擦角
1）根据现场地质情况，对各层土体选取相应的取土方案。每层土体取3-4块试块。在取土时，应避免对土体的扰动。 1) According to the geological conditions of the site, select the corresponding soil borrowing scheme for each layer of soil. Take 3-4 test blocks for each layer of soil. When taking soil, it is necessary to avoid disturbing the soil.
2） 将试块放置于剪切盒中，剪切盒与试块间隙应用膨胀水泥砂浆填充。 2) Place the test block in the shear box, and the gap between the shear box and the test block should be filled with expansive cement mortar.
3）施加垂直压力，进行试块土体压缩，压力按等量分成3至4级逐渐增大，直至试块土体垂直变形稳定。 3) Apply vertical pressure to compress the soil of the test block, and the pressure is divided into 3 to 4 levels in equal amounts and gradually increased until the vertical deformation of the soil of the test block is stable.
4）施加剪力，进行试块土体剪切，剪力每隔1min等量加载一次并记录相应的剪切力及剪切变形量。当试块土体剪切变形急剧增加或者剪切变形达到试样尺寸的1/10时，认为土体破坏。 4) Apply shear force to shear the soil mass of the test block. The shear force is loaded equally every 1 minute and the corresponding shear force and shear deformation are recorded. When the shear deformation of the test block soil increases sharply or the shear deformation reaches 1/10 of the sample size, the soil is considered to be damaged.
5）绘制抗剪强度与垂直压力的关系曲线，确定相应各土层土体的内摩擦角
（2）地面出入式盾构隧道施工数值模拟方法为有限元方法，其具体步骤如下： (2) The numerical simulation method for the ground access shield tunnel construction is the finite element method, and the specific steps are as follows:
1)根据隧道施工实际地质条件和周围环境，建立隧道施工非线性有限元模拟模型。本例模型中隧道内尺寸：?5500mm（内径）；隧道外尺寸：?6200mm（外径）；盾构机外径尺寸D：?6340mm；管片厚度为350mm 1) According to the actual geological conditions and surrounding environment of tunnel construction, a nonlinear finite element simulation model of tunnel construction is established. The inner dimension of the tunnel in this example model: ?5500mm (inner diameter); the outer dimension of the tunnel: ?6200mm (outer diameter); the outer diameter dimension D of the shield machine: ?6340mm; the thickness of the segment is 350mm
2)土体采用弹塑性本构关系，设置自由面、对称面和法向位移约束等边界条件，如图2所示。 2) The elastic-plastic constitutive relation is adopted for the soil, and boundary conditions such as free surface, symmetrical surface and normal displacement constraints are set, as shown in Fig. 2.
（3）施加隧道施工段土体自重及地面超载作用力进行非线性有限元数值模拟计算，得到隧道施工初始地应力场，从而确定地面出入式盾构隧道施工段开挖断面地层原始侧向土压力。 (3) Applying the soil weight of the tunnel construction section and the ground overload force to conduct nonlinear finite element numerical simulation calculations to obtain the initial in-situ stress field of the tunnel construction, so as to determine the original lateral soil of the excavation section stratum in the construction section of the ground access shield tunnel pressure.
（4）将地面出入式盾构隧道开挖断面原始地层侧向土压力设置为土仓压力，作为力边界条件施加并进行非线性有限元数值模拟计算。以土仓中心点位移作为判定指标，判别土仓中心是否达到力的平衡。通过进行数值试验，如果土仓中心点位移为正，表示压力过大；反之，表示压力偏小。土仓中心位移绝对值最小，近似为零时，确定出土仓中心平衡压力。 (4) Set the lateral earth pressure of the original strata in the excavation section of the ground access shield tunnel as the soil bin pressure, apply it as the force boundary condition, and perform nonlinear finite element numerical simulation calculations. Taking the displacement of the center point of the soil bin as the judgment index, it is judged whether the center of the soil bin reaches the force balance. Through numerical experiments, if the displacement of the center point of the soil silo is positive, it means that the pressure is too high; otherwise, it means that the pressure is too small. When the absolute value of the displacement of the center of the soil bin is the smallest and approximately zero, the equilibrium pressure of the center of the excavation bin is determined.
（5）将所确定的土仓压力，作为力边界条件施加并进行非线性有限元数值模拟计算，得到土仓前方土体的应力状态，换算确定土仓前方土体单元主应力；如图3所示。 (5) Apply the determined soil bunker pressure as a force boundary condition and perform nonlinear finite element numerical simulation calculations to obtain the stress state of the soil in front of the bunker, and convert and determine the principal stress of the soil unit in front of the bunker; as shown in Figure 3 shown.
（6）在地面出入式盾构隧道施工过程中，通过控制土仓中心点压力来保持土仓前方土体稳定，不被破坏。故定义压力比为： (6) During the construction of the ground access shield tunnel, the soil in front of the soil bin is kept stable and not damaged by controlling the pressure at the center point of the soil bin. Therefore, the pressure ratio is defined as:
式中
结合莫尔-库仑强度理论，进行土仓前方土体单元破坏情况的判断。土仓前方土体破坏面上的抗剪强度
式中
土仓前方土体单元三个主应力
土仓前方土体处于破坏状态。 The soil in front of the silo is in a state of destruction.
不断改变
通过改变
同理，将压力比
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| CN110374605A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-25 | 天津大学 | The outer lateral earth pressure measuring device of water-bag type shield tunnel and method |
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