CN103757713B - The refinery practice of tussah cocoon - Google Patents
The refinery practice of tussah cocoon Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of refining process of tussah cocoon, it is realized by following steps: preimpregnation → flushing dehydration → cocoon cooking → flushing dehydration → bleaching → flushing dehydration → soften → dewater → dry → open silk floss.The invention solves that the difficulty of deoiling, the silk gum that exist in tussah cocoon shell conventional machining process process come off too much, crisp easily broken, the silk floss bulkiness of silk not and the problem such as fibrous fracture intensity, cleanliness factor be low, national sector standard is met and exceeded by its product quality of this technique, thus the quality of the keen-witted and capable silk floss of raising tussah silk, tussah silk quilt product and quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Textile Engineering technical field, be specifically related to a kind of refining process of tussah cocoon.
Background technology
Along with the deep development with tussah silk quilt market is risen rapidly in tussah food pupa market, there is huge change in tussah cocoon producing, processing and selling, tussah cocoon, supply falls short of demand in tussah silk wadding market, and steady-state growth appears in production and sales.Originally as the tussah cocoon shell of major product, be mainly used in filature and knit silk fabric, now changed into cut cocoon eat pupa, cocoon shell processing silk floss, silk floss processing cocoon silk quilt, tussah cocoon shell (namely vertical or horizontal for the tussah cocoon cocoon shell cut open) become tussah produce byproduct.According to incompletely statistics, the annual tussah cocoon of producing in the whole nation is about 5-6 ten thousand tons, produce 6000 tons, tussah cocoon shell, the concise processing of tussah cocoon and application have become the important technology problem that tussah produces, the how good tussah cocoon of processing and utilization, improving its product quality and class, will be the important bottleneck of whole tussah industry development.
Tussah silk is spacious, pro-skin, ventilative, natural characteristic slightly, determines the natural, luxurious of tussah silk goods and product specification.The production link of tussah silk floss is many, complex process, it is traditional that to boil drift be the processing technology formed for the leftover bits and pieces clout be left by filature, the silk gum degree varies that comes off causes, and the fiber strength of tussah silk is not high, and the quality index weighing tussah silk floss is as general in cleanliness factor, silk fracture strength, elongation at break etc. lower, silk is crisp easily broken, whiteness is inadequate, and easy brightness reversion, silk floss bulkiness does not reach requirement.Also there are the quality problems such as flyings are too much, loss large, continuous point is many in process of manufacture.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve tussah cocoon shell refining process technical barrier, overcoming the above-mentioned shortcoming that tussah cocoon exists in machining process, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of refining process of tussah cocoon.
The present invention is according to the structure and feature of toothed oak silk fiber, come off too much for the difficulty of deoiling existed in tussah cocoon shell conventional machining process process, silk gum, crisp easily broken, the silk floss bulkiness of silk not and the problem such as fibrous fracture intensity, cleanliness factor be low, boil on drift cocoon shell processing technology basis in tradition, carry out repetition test and pilot scale.Form the more advanced tussah cocoon refining process technology of complete set, meet and exceed national sector standard by its product quality of this technique, thus the quality of the keen-witted and capable silk floss of raising tussah silk, tussah silk quilt product and quality.
For achieving the above object, the refining process of tussah cocoon of the present invention is realized by following steps:
1., preimpregnation: each soaking pit water capacity 5 ~ 6 tons, heat to water temperature 35 ~ 45 DEG C, add 2.5 ~ 3.5 kilograms, medicine auxiliary agent sodium carbonate, 105 1.5 ~ 2.5 kilograms, washing agent, add cocoon 350 ~ 450 kilograms, and pH value is 10, soak time, 10 ~ 14 hours; Midway is constantly turned over and is drawn, and makes it by leaching evenly; After going out pond, cold water rinses dehydration;
2. dehydration is rinsed: fully rinse well de-dry;
3. cocoon cooking: every water yield 1400 ~ 1600 kilograms, heat to water temperature and reach 100 DEG C, add 2.5 ~ 3.5 kilograms, medicine auxiliary agent sodium carbonate, sodium silicate 1.5 ~ 2.5 kilograms, 105 1 kilogram, washing agent, Igepon T 0.5 ~ 1.5 kilogram, the cocoon cooking time is 15 ~ 25 minutes, pH value is 10, and every adds dried cocoon 45 ~ 55 kilograms;
4. dehydration is rinsed: fully rinse well de-dry;
5. bleach: when drift is practiced, the every water yield is 450 ~ 550 kilograms, after water temperature rises to 100 °, add soda ash 0.2 kilogram, sodium silicate 3.5 ~ 4.5 kilograms, 35 ~ 40 kilograms, hydrogen peroxide, Igepon T 0.5 ~ 1.5 kilogram, then throws 45 ~ 55 kilograms, toothed oak cocoon material after dehydration, controls intake valve, open gas drift to practice, time is 40 minutes, and intermediary operation will constantly be stirred, and makes it by drift evenly;
6. dehydration is rinsed: fully rinse well de-dry;
7. soften: by floating the toothed oak cocoon perfected, evenly spread out on curtain, repeatedly wash clean, dehydration; Soft every pond, pond water yield is 1800 ~ 2000 kilograms, and about water temperature to 40 DEG C, add JS203 spun silk softener 5 ~ 7 kilograms, silicone oil 2.5 ~ 3.5 kilograms, 0.3 ~ 0.7 kilogram, glacial acetic acid, the soft time is 30 ~ 40 minutes, pulls rear dehydration, oven dry out;
8. dewater: slough moisture;
9. dry: regain controls within 10%;
10. silk floss is opened: be split into continuous sheet with waste silk opener, for subsequent use; Make silk comforter batt.
Owing to this invention takes technique scheme, the present invention increases preimpregnated process, improves cocoon cooking quality, and what traditional refining process adopted is, and system cocoon directly boils, directly practice, straight bleaching process, the silk fiber pulling force of keen-witted and capable silk floss is irregular, raw ripely differs, and describes cocoon shell and directly boils and there is technological problems.The irregular immediate cause of cocoon cooking is that cocoon layer thickness differs and causes, and illustrates that classification is forbidden.Toothed oak cocoon shell substance about 0.5 gram, depends merely on artificial separation not possibility, can only undergo technological transformation to de-burring machine, replace artificial separation with machinery, according to centrifugal principle, pass through multiple comparison test, it is that three machines merge removal of impurities that de-burring machine is lengthened by unit removal of impurities, and be aided with powerful dust suction, one is good impurity removing effect, two is the distances flown out according to cocoon shell, substantially reach classification object, the trouble but production operation is got up, workload is large, also easily obscure batch, practical value is not high.In order to reach the even object of cocoon cooking, trying to add preimpregnation link before cocoon cooking, having carried out repetition test by different liquid temperatures, time, chemical industry, dosage etc.In prepreg process, not dissociable cocoon layer, floods through certain hour, silk fiber slowly expands, loosens.When finding that preimpregnation time long, liquid temperature is high, silk gum runs off too many, practices folding too low; The preimpregnation time is short, and cocoon layer expands not, and concise silk is out still raw ripe irregular.According to the protein structure feature of silk fiber, when not damaging fiber strength, with the addition of auxiliary chemicals light sodium carbonate and 105 washing agent, to improve osmotic effect.In order to consider to produce actual needs, first the preimpregnation time being set as 12 hours, is conveniently need of production like this, utilized produced the discarded experienced liquid practiced in cylinder the same day, the a little chemical industry of appropriate interpolation, completes preimpregnation production link again, and workman's working in second day just directly can carry out production and processing.After design of scheme, we carry out repetition test to the different ratio dosage of auxiliary chemicals light sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, washing agent 105, Igepon T again, preimpregnation best results when drawing liquid temperature 40 °, light sodium carbonate 3 kilograms, 105 washing agent, 2 kilograms of ratio osmotic effects are best, be advisable to soak 12 hours, the operability of production is also strong.After increasing preimpregnated process, cocoon shell does not need classification, and keen-witted and capable silk floss is raw unanimously ripe, and residual silkgum content is high, protects glue effective, has also fully saved fibre tension from damage, and cocoon cooking successful improves.Improve bleaching process, employ Igepon T washing agent, reach national sector standard.
After solving a tussah cocoon cocoon cooking difficult problem, determine to carry out on bleaching process to research and analyse, solve tussah cocoon decolouring difficulty and this problem of brightness reversion after bleaching.Due to no longer artificial separation after removal of impurities, the pack of system cocoon, still has few part pupa skin and mummification material also to remain in cocoon layer inside, is manually difficult to pick out, also can not rinses well completely in the toothed oak cocoon shell boiled.Bleaching agent mainly hydrogen peroxide (H is used in bleaching
2o
2), in silk bleaching process, in order to save silk fiber pulling force from damage, hydrogen peroxide consumption generally adjusts between 20% ~ 40% in theory, but in actual tests, consumption is all about 80% time, just positive effect can be reached, whiteness reaches requirement, and now silk fiber damage is excessive, and fiber strength obviously declines.Through lot of experiments and data analysis, in bleaching process, increasing Igepon T, (Igepon T i.e. 209 purification and washing agent, for anionic surfactant, be mainly used in the washing of wool, silk fabric, make it the sense with softness, gloss), it can improve the decomposing force of hydrogen peroxide, in the process of hydrogen peroxide bleaching, can impurity be emulsified in bleaching liquor again, facilitate the decomposability of hydrogen peroxide.Increase thiourea dioxide in soft process and deposit brightness reversion after a period of time to prevent product.By test of many times, through the process modification of preimpregnation and bleaching two procedures, the keen-witted and capable continuous quality of cocoon made is practiced by institute all can reach the national production standard of cocoon silk quilt and tussah top through checking indices.First practice on the time in kiering and drift, formulate experimental program, carry out sample test.Kiering is that silk cocoon silk fiber is boiled, and allows the process of the abundant dissociation of silk fiber, and silk fiber pulling force key technology can also keep silk gum to greatest extent well-done for cocoon within the shortest time in the process.About 40 minutes traditional handicraft kiering time every, through test and comparison repeatedly, analysis statisticaling data shows, the kiering time be 20 minutes for best.Drift white silk is the process of the color of the silk cocoon boiled being taken off bleaching, uses a large amount of strong oxidizers in the process.The key technology that drift is practiced under the auxiliary chemicals prerequisite of suitable dose, practices the time with the shortest drift save fibre tension from damage.In drift is practiced, traditional handicraft is 60 minutes, and it is 40 minutes that the time is practiced in final selected drift.Practice on the time in kiering, drift like this, through data statistic analysis, be finally decided to be kiering 20 minutes/tin, drift is practiced 40 minutes/tin.In auxiliary chemicals, soda ash and hydrogen peroxide having the greatest impact to fibre tension, in kiering the consumption of soda ash, drift practice in the consumption of hydrogen peroxide, directly determine the pulling force of silk fiber, reduce the use amount of this different chemical industry as far as possible, can reach again the object effect of boiling drift, be the problem of Silk Industry research always.Therefore at soda ash (Na
2cO
3), sodium metasilicate (is commonly called as sodium silicate Na
2sIO
3), hydrogen peroxide (H
2o
2)consumption does contrast test, and during traditional handicraft kiering, every soda ash consumption is about 5 kilograms, sodium hydrosulfite 100 grams, textile soap 2 kilograms, sodium silicate consumption every 4 ~ 6 kilograms.Every soda ash consumption about 1 kilogram, sodium silicate 15 kilograms, 45 ~ 50 kilograms, hydrogen peroxide are practiced in drift.Through test comparison data analysis repeatedly, under the prerequisite not only ensureing fibre tension but also reach decolouring bleaching, be finally defined as that kiering chemical industry proportioning every soda ash consumption is 3 kilograms, sodium silicate 2 kilograms, 1 kilogram, 105 washing agent, Igepon T 1 kilogram.Chemical industry proportioning every soda ash 0.2 kilogram, sodium silicate 4 kilograms, 35 ~ 40 kilograms, hydrogen peroxide, Igepon T 1 kilogram are practiced in drift.According to above result through sample test repeatedly and pilot plant operation on probation, and detect through multi-batch products, constant product quality is also up to state standards.Through refining process and mechanical modification, the refining process level of tussah cocoon increases substantially, keen-witted and capable silk floss is through repeatedly verification test: residual oil content is lower than 0.57%, residual gum content about 4.6%, practice folding more than 80%, bundle strength is greater than 3.7cN/dtex, average fiber length 150-300cm, cleannes 97 points.Contrast as follows with the keen-witted and capable continuous physics laboratory indexes of the tussah cocoon of traditional handicraft:
The invention solves that the difficulty of deoiling, the silk gum that exist in tussah cocoon shell conventional machining process process come off too much, crisp easily broken, the silk floss bulkiness of silk not and the problem such as fibrous fracture intensity, cleanliness factor be low, national sector standard is met and exceeded by its product quality of this technique, thus the quality of the keen-witted and capable silk floss of raising tussah silk, tussah silk quilt product and quality.
Detailed description of the invention
The refining process of tussah cocoon of the present invention is realized by following steps:
1., preimpregnation: each soaking pit water capacity 5 ~ 6 tons, heat to water temperature 35 ~ 45 DEG C, add 2.5 ~ 3.5 kilograms, medicine auxiliary agent sodium carbonate, 105 1.5 ~ 2.5 kilograms, washing agent, add cocoon 350 ~ 450 kilograms, and pH value is 10, soak time, 10 ~ 14 hours; Midway is constantly turned over and is drawn, and makes it by leaching evenly; After going out pond, cold water rinses dehydration;
2. dehydration is rinsed: fully rinse well de-dry;
3. cocoon cooking: every water yield 1400 ~ 1600 kilograms, heat to water temperature and reach 100 DEG C, add 2.5 ~ 3.5 kilograms, medicine auxiliary agent sodium carbonate, sodium silicate 1.5 ~ 2.5 kilograms, 105 1 kilogram, washing agent, Igepon T 0.5 ~ 1.5 kilogram, the cocoon cooking time is 15 ~ 25 minutes, pH value is 10, and every adds dried cocoon 45 ~ 55 kilograms;
4. dehydration is rinsed: fully rinse well de-dry;
5. bleach: when drift is practiced, the every water yield is 450 ~ 550 kilograms, after water temperature rises to 100 DEG C, add soda ash 0.2 kilogram, sodium silicate 3.5 ~ 4.5 kilograms, 35 ~ 40 kilograms, hydrogen peroxide, Igepon T 0.5 ~ 1.5 kilogram, then throws 45 ~ 55 kilograms, toothed oak cocoon material after dehydration, controls intake valve, open gas drift to practice, time is 40 minutes, and intermediary operation will constantly be stirred, and makes it by drift evenly;
6. dehydration is rinsed: fully rinse well de-dry;
7. soften: by floating the toothed oak cocoon perfected, evenly spread out on curtain, repeatedly wash clean, dehydration; Soft every pond, pond water yield is 1800 ~ 2000 kilograms, and about water temperature to 40 DEG C, add JS203 spun silk softener 5 ~ 7 kilograms, silicone oil 2.5 ~ 3.5 kilograms, 0.3 ~ 0.7 kilogram, glacial acetic acid, the soft time is 30 ~ 40 minutes, pulls rear dehydration, oven dry out;
8. dewater: slough moisture;
9. dry: regain controls within 10%;
10. silk floss is opened: be split into continuous sheet with waste silk opener, for subsequent use; Make silk comforter batt.
Embodiment one:
The refining process of tussah cocoon of the present invention is realized by following steps:
1., preimpregnation: each soaking pit water capacity 6 tons, heat to water temperature 40 DEG C, add 3 kilograms, medicine auxiliary agent sodium carbonate, 105 2 kilograms, washing agent, add cocoon 400 kilograms, and pH value is 10, soak time, 12 hours; Midway is constantly turned over and is drawn, and makes it by leaching evenly; After going out pond, cold water rinses dehydration;
2. dehydration is rinsed: fully rinse well de-dry;
3. cocoon cooking: every water yield 1500 kilograms, heat to water temperature and reach 100 DEG C, add 3 kilograms, medicine auxiliary agent sodium carbonate, sodium silicate 2 kilograms, 105 1 kilogram, washing agent, Igepon T kilogram, the cocoon cooking time is 20 minutes, and pH value is 10, and every adds dried cocoon 50 kilograms;
4. rinse dehydration, fully rinse well de-dry;
5. bleach: when drift is practiced, the every water yield is 500 kilograms, after water temperature rises to 100 DEG C, add soda ash 0.2 kilogram, sodium silicate 4 kilograms, 35 ~ 40 kilograms, hydrogen peroxide, Igepon T 1 kilogram, then throws 50 kilograms, toothed oak cocoon material after dehydration, controls intake valve, open gas drift to practice, time is 40 minutes, and intermediary operation will constantly be stirred, and makes it by drift evenly;
6. dehydration is rinsed: fully rinse well de-dry;
7. soften: by floating the toothed oak cocoon perfected, evenly spread out on curtain, repeatedly wash clean, dehydration; Soft every pond, pond water yield is 2000 kilograms, and about water temperature to 40 DEG C, add JS203 spun silk softener 6 kilograms, silicone oil 3 kilograms, 0.5 kilogram, glacial acetic acid, the soft time is 30 ~ 40 minutes, pulls rear dehydration, oven dry out;
8. dewater: slough moisture;
9. dry: regain controls within 10%;
10. silk floss is opened: be split into continuous sheet with waste silk opener, for subsequent use; Make silk comforter batt.
Claims (1)
1. a refinery practice for tussah cocoon, is characterized in that described refinery practice is realized by following steps:
1., preimpregnation: each soaking pit water capacity 5 ~ 6 tons, heat to water temperature 35 ~ 45 DEG C, add 2.5 ~ 3.5 kilograms, medicine auxiliary agent sodium carbonate, 105 1.5 ~ 2.5 kilograms, washing agent, add cocoon 350 ~ 450 kilograms, and pH value is 10, soak time, 10 ~ 14 hours; Midway is constantly turned over and is drawn, and makes it by leaching evenly; After going out pond, cold water rinses dehydration;
2. dehydration is rinsed: fully rinse well de-dry;
3. cocoon cooking: every water yield 1400 ~ 1600 kilograms, heat to water temperature and reach 100 DEG C, add 2.5 ~ 3.5 kilograms, medicine auxiliary agent sodium carbonate, sodium silicate 1.5 ~ 2.5 kilograms, 105 1 kilogram, washing agent, Igepon T 0.5 ~ 1.5 kilogram, the cocoon cooking time is 15 ~ 25 minutes, pH value is 10, and every adds dried cocoon 45 ~ 55 kilograms;
4. dehydration is rinsed: fully rinse well de-dry;
5. bleach: when drift is practiced, the every water yield is 450 ~ 550 kilograms, after water temperature rises to 100 DEG C, add soda ash 0.2 kilogram, sodium silicate 3.5 ~ 4.5 kilograms, 35 ~ 40 kilograms, hydrogen peroxide, Igepon T 0.5 ~ 1.5 kilogram, then throws 45 ~ 55 kilograms, toothed oak cocoon material after dehydration, controls intake valve, open gas drift to practice, time is 40 minutes, and intermediary operation will constantly be stirred, and makes it by drift evenly;
6. dehydration is rinsed: fully rinse well de-dry;
7. soften: by floating the toothed oak cocoon perfected, evenly spread out on curtain, repeatedly wash clean, dehydration; Soft every pond, pond water yield is 1800 ~ 2000 kilograms, and water temperature to 40 DEG C, adds JS203 spun silk softener 5 ~ 7 kilograms, silicone oil 2.5 ~ 3.5 kilograms, 0.3 ~ 0.7 kilogram, glacial acetic acid, and the soft time is 30 ~ 40 minutes, pulls rear dehydration, oven dry out;
8. dewater: slough moisture;
9. dry: regain controls within 10%;
10. silk floss is opened: be split into continuous sheet with waste silk opener, for subsequent use; Make silk comforter batt.
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| CN105780133B (en) * | 2016-03-20 | 2018-02-27 | 广西宜州市百姓人家家纺有限公司 | Cut the continuous production method of mouth |
| CN105862400A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-08-17 | 云南萌意商贸有限公司 | Making method of novel silk quilts |
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| CN106894099A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-27 | 江苏苏丝丝绸股份有限公司 | The preparation method of silk refined silk |
| CN110804765B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-01-04 | 河南民兴生物科技股份有限公司 | Tussah silk degumming and bleaching method |
| CN111358245A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-07-03 | 桐乡丝凰家纺有限公司 | Method for manufacturing silk quilt |
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| CN1149636A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1997-05-14 | 绵阳市涪城区天宝绢纺厂 | Method for producing velvet from defective cocoon and waste silk |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1149636A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1997-05-14 | 绵阳市涪城区天宝绢纺厂 | Method for producing velvet from defective cocoon and waste silk |
| CN102134755A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-07-27 | 南充银海丝绸有限公司 | Initial refining process of macular cocoons |
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Address after: 473000 Nanyang Industrial Road, Henan, No. 20 Patentee after: Henan Min Xing biological Polytron Technologies Inc Address before: 473000 Nanyang Industrial Road, Henan, No. 20 Patentee before: HENAN MINXING COCOON SILK CO., LTD. |